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GB2131873A - Internal combustion engine with fuel injector and pump units - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine with fuel injector and pump units Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2131873A
GB2131873A GB08235873A GB8235873A GB2131873A GB 2131873 A GB2131873 A GB 2131873A GB 08235873 A GB08235873 A GB 08235873A GB 8235873 A GB8235873 A GB 8235873A GB 2131873 A GB2131873 A GB 2131873A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
cylinder
camshaft
fuel
injector
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB08235873A
Inventor
Mathew Elford Haigh
Colin George Randell
George Carlton Stalker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Motor Co
Original Assignee
Ford Motor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Motor Co filed Critical Ford Motor Co
Priority to GB08235873A priority Critical patent/GB2131873A/en
Publication of GB2131873A publication Critical patent/GB2131873A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M39/00—Arrangements of fuel-injection apparatus with respect to engines; Pump drives adapted to such arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • F02M57/022—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
    • F02M57/023—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive mechanical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/36—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
    • F02M59/366—Valves being actuated electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A unit injector 18 for a direct injection diesel engine has a pumping plunger 22 set transverely to the injector valve 24 so that the plunger can be actuated directly by a camshaft 16 which also has cams 12, 14 which act directly on the inlet and outlet valves of the engine. A solenoid valve 26 controls the quantity injected. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Internal combustion engine with unitfuel injectors This invention relates to multi-cylinder internal combustion engines with unitfuel injectors and to unit fuel injectorsforsuch engines.
The majority offuel injected internal combustion engines presently being manufactured use an injec tionpumpwith a plurality of pumping plungers in a common housing connected by a plurality of high pressure fuel lines to respective injectors each associated with one ofthe cylinders ofthe engine.
Particularly in high pressure fuel injection systems for direct injection diesel engines, the timing and quantity of fusel injection is adversely affected by the compressibilityofthefuel itself and the resilience of the fuel lines.
It is known to reducethe distance between the plungers and the injectors and hence to improve the precision with which fuel is injected by using a separate unit fuel injector for each cylinder, in which unitinjectorthe plunger, the injector and a solenoid controllervalve are mounted in a housing mounted on the cylinder head. Unit fusel injectors have hitherto been driven by a cam shaft additional to the engine camshaft used to operate the inletand exhaustvalves ofthe engine orthey have been driven indirectly from the same camshaftfor example by pivotally mounted rocker arms.
According to the present invention, there is provided a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder head; a camshaft mounted in the cylinder head; inlet and exhaust valves associated with each cylinder mounted in the cylinder head and operated bythe camshaft; and a fuel injector head and operated bythe camshaft; and a fuel injector associated with each cylinder, each fuel injector including a housing in which is mounted an injectorvalve for discharging fuel into the associated cylinder, a pumping plunger driven by the camshaft, and a solenoid valve forcontrollying the quantity of fuel injected into the associated cylinder, characterised in that the axis of the pumping plunger of each fuel injector is in substantially the same plane as the axis of the camshaft and substantially at right anglesthereto, and in that each pumping plunger is driven directly by a respective cam on the camshaft.
By "directly driven" in relation to a valve or plunger driven by a camshaft we mean that the plunger or valve is moved by its respective cam along a path aligned with the associated cam followers as distinct from systems in which a rocker arm similar device is used to enable the valve or plunger to be mounted for reciprocation along an axis displaced from the line of movement of the cam follower.
The invention will now be described further, by way of example,with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the singlefigure is a fragmentary cross sectional view of an engine embodying the invention, the section being taken along the axis of one ofthe cylinders, perpendiculartotheaxis of thecamh aft.
A multi-cylinder diesel engine having high pressure duct fusel injection includes a cylinder head 10, having inlet and exhaust valves (not shown), for each cylinder actuated directly by a camshaft 16. The maxima and minima of the cams which actuate the inlet and exhaust valves are shown at 12 and 14 and thetappet ofthe exhaust valve is shown at 15.
The inlet and exhaust valves are parallel to the cylinder axis and all three axes intersect the camshaft axis 17.
A unit injector 1 8for each cylinder is mounted on the cylinder head adjacent the associated cylinder. The unit injector 18 comprises a housing 20 in which are mounted a pumping plunger 22, an injection valve 24 and a solenoid valve 26.
The injector valve 24 is mounted in a barrel shaped portion ofthe housing which fits into and seals on a bore 28 in the cylinder head which communicates with the combustion chamber ofthe associated cylinder.
Afuel feed gallery 30 connects the bores 28 ofthe respective cylinders to a low pressure fuel feed pump (not shown).
Theplunger22works in acylinder32formed in an insert33 mounted in the housing 20 and alignedwith the axis of the camshaft 16. A conventional cylindrical cam follower is interposed between the outer end of the plunger 22 and an injector cam 36 on the camshaft 16 positioned between the inlet valve cam and the outlet valve cam for the associated cylinder of the engine.Acoil spring 40 urges the plunger 22 towards the camshaft 16.
The cylinder 32 is connected to the fuel feed gallery by a fuel feed passage 42 and a high pressure fuel passage 44 connects the lower end of the cylinder 32 to the injector valve 24.
The high pressure passage 44 also communicates with a drain back passage 46 via the solenoid controller valve 26. In operation,with the engine running, the plunger 22 pumps fuel from the feed passage42 to the high pressure passage 44. When the solenoid valve 26 is open thefuel returns through the drain back passage 46 and the pressure does not rise to a sufficient level to open the injection valve so that no fuel is injected into the combustion chamber. As soon as the solenoid valve 26 is closed during a pumping stroke ofthe plungerthe pressure inthe high pressure passage 44 rises steeply and fuel is injected intothecombustion chamber until eitherthe solenoid is opened or the plunger reaches the end of its stroke.
The solenoid valve 26 is mounted in a bore 48 ofthe housing 20 which is parallel to the axis of the injection valve 28 but offset away from the camshaft 16 to leave space for the plunger 22. The plunger extends transversely to the axis of the injection valve at an angle of between 900 and 1350tithe injector.
The layout shown and described provides a compact and rigid housing which permit, direct drive of the plungerfromthe camshaft 16
CLAIMS 1. A multi-cylinder internal combustion engine comprising:
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (7)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Internal combustion engine with unitfuel injectors This invention relates to multi-cylinder internal combustion engines with unitfuel injectors and to unit fuel injectorsforsuch engines. The majority offuel injected internal combustion engines presently being manufactured use an injec tionpumpwith a plurality of pumping plungers in a common housing connected by a plurality of high pressure fuel lines to respective injectors each associated with one ofthe cylinders ofthe engine. Particularly in high pressure fuel injection systems for direct injection diesel engines, the timing and quantity of fusel injection is adversely affected by the compressibilityofthefuel itself and the resilience of the fuel lines. It is known to reducethe distance between the plungers and the injectors and hence to improve the precision with which fuel is injected by using a separate unit fuel injector for each cylinder, in which unitinjectorthe plunger, the injector and a solenoid controllervalve are mounted in a housing mounted on the cylinder head. Unit fusel injectors have hitherto been driven by a cam shaft additional to the engine camshaft used to operate the inletand exhaustvalves ofthe engine orthey have been driven indirectly from the same camshaftfor example by pivotally mounted rocker arms. According to the present invention, there is provided a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder head; a camshaft mounted in the cylinder head; inlet and exhaust valves associated with each cylinder mounted in the cylinder head and operated bythe camshaft; and a fuel injector head and operated bythe camshaft; and a fuel injector associated with each cylinder, each fuel injector including a housing in which is mounted an injectorvalve for discharging fuel into the associated cylinder, a pumping plunger driven by the camshaft, and a solenoid valve forcontrollying the quantity of fuel injected into the associated cylinder, characterised in that the axis of the pumping plunger of each fuel injector is in substantially the same plane as the axis of the camshaft and substantially at right anglesthereto, and in that each pumping plunger is driven directly by a respective cam on the camshaft. By "directly driven" in relation to a valve or plunger driven by a camshaft we mean that the plunger or valve is moved by its respective cam along a path aligned with the associated cam followers as distinct from systems in which a rocker arm similar device is used to enable the valve or plunger to be mounted for reciprocation along an axis displaced from the line of movement of the cam follower. The invention will now be described further, by way of example,with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the singlefigure is a fragmentary cross sectional view of an engine embodying the invention, the section being taken along the axis of one ofthe cylinders, perpendiculartotheaxis of thecamh aft. A multi-cylinder diesel engine having high pressure duct fusel injection includes a cylinder head 10, having inlet and exhaust valves (not shown), for each cylinder actuated directly by a camshaft 16. The maxima and minima of the cams which actuate the inlet and exhaust valves are shown at 12 and 14 and thetappet ofthe exhaust valve is shown at 15. The inlet and exhaust valves are parallel to the cylinder axis and all three axes intersect the camshaft axis 17. A unit injector 1 8for each cylinder is mounted on the cylinder head adjacent the associated cylinder. The unit injector 18 comprises a housing 20 in which are mounted a pumping plunger 22, an injection valve 24 and a solenoid valve 26. The injector valve 24 is mounted in a barrel shaped portion ofthe housing which fits into and seals on a bore 28 in the cylinder head which communicates with the combustion chamber ofthe associated cylinder. Afuel feed gallery 30 connects the bores 28 ofthe respective cylinders to a low pressure fuel feed pump (not shown). Theplunger22works in acylinder32formed in an insert33 mounted in the housing 20 and alignedwith the axis of the camshaft 16. A conventional cylindrical cam follower is interposed between the outer end of the plunger 22 and an injector cam 36 on the camshaft 16 positioned between the inlet valve cam and the outlet valve cam for the associated cylinder of the engine.Acoil spring 40 urges the plunger 22 towards the camshaft 16. The cylinder 32 is connected to the fuel feed gallery by a fuel feed passage 42 and a high pressure fuel passage 44 connects the lower end of the cylinder 32 to the injector valve 24. The high pressure passage 44 also communicates with a drain back passage 46 via the solenoid controller valve 26. In operation,with the engine running, the plunger 22 pumps fuel from the feed passage42 to the high pressure passage 44. When the solenoid valve 26 is open thefuel returns through the drain back passage 46 and the pressure does not rise to a sufficient level to open the injection valve so that no fuel is injected into the combustion chamber. As soon as the solenoid valve 26 is closed during a pumping stroke ofthe plungerthe pressure inthe high pressure passage 44 rises steeply and fuel is injected intothecombustion chamber until eitherthe solenoid is opened or the plunger reaches the end of its stroke. The solenoid valve 26 is mounted in a bore 48 ofthe housing 20 which is parallel to the axis of the injection valve 28 but offset away from the camshaft 16 to leave space for the plunger 22. The plunger extends transversely to the axis of the injection valve at an angle of between 900 and 1350tithe injector. The layout shown and described provides a compact and rigid housing which permit, direct drive of the plungerfromthe camshaft 16 CLAIMS
1. A multi-cylinder internal combustion engine comprising: a) a cylinder head; b) a camshaft mounted in the cylinder head; c) inlet and exhaust valves associated with each cylinder mounted in the cylinder head and operated bythe camshaft; and d) a fuel injector associated with each cylinder, each fuel injector including a housing in which is mounted an injector valve for discharging fuel into the associated cylinder, a pumping plunger driven by the camshaft, and a solenoid valve for controllying the quantity offuel injected into the associated cylinder, characterised inthatthe axis ofthe pumping plunger of each fuel injector is in substantiallythe same plane as the axis of the camshaft and substantially at right angles thereto, and in that each pumping plunger is driven directly by a respective cam on the camshaft.
2. An engine as claimed in Claim 1, in which the camshaft acts directly on the inlet and exhaust valves.
3. An engine as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2, in which each injector valve is mounted in a bore in the cylinder head communicating with the respective cylinder, the axis of each pumping plunger extending transversely to the axis of the associated injector valve.
4. An engine as claimed in Claim 3, in which the solenoid valve of each injector is mounted in a bore in the housing of that injector, the bore having an axis parallel to the boreforthe injector valve but offset awayfrom the camshaftto accommodate the pumping plunger.
5. An engine as claimed in any one ofthe preceding claims in which the housing of each pump has fuel feed and fuel drain passages communicating with fuel feed and fuel drain back passages in the cylinder head.
6. An internal combustion engine substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
7. Aunitfuel injector adapted to be driven directly by the camshaft of an internal combustion engine as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
GB08235873A 1982-12-16 1982-12-16 Internal combustion engine with fuel injector and pump units Withdrawn GB2131873A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08235873A GB2131873A (en) 1982-12-16 1982-12-16 Internal combustion engine with fuel injector and pump units

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08235873A GB2131873A (en) 1982-12-16 1982-12-16 Internal combustion engine with fuel injector and pump units

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2131873A true GB2131873A (en) 1984-06-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08235873A Withdrawn GB2131873A (en) 1982-12-16 1982-12-16 Internal combustion engine with fuel injector and pump units

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GB (1) GB2131873A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0138730A2 (en) * 1983-09-26 1985-04-24 Stanadyne Inc. Unit fuel injector and system therefor
DE3633136A1 (en) * 1986-09-30 1988-04-07 Daimler Benz Ag MAGNETIC VALVE-CONTROLLED INJECTION DEVICE FOR PUMP AND NOZZLE FOR AIR COMPRESSING ENGINES
DE3728961A1 (en) * 1987-08-29 1989-03-09 Daimler Benz Ag Solenoid valve-controlled injection device comprising pump and nozzle, for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines
WO1994012787A1 (en) * 1992-12-03 1994-06-09 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Fuel pump
US5775203A (en) * 1997-01-28 1998-07-07 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. High pressure fuel pump assembly
EP1348868A1 (en) * 2001-01-05 2003-10-01 Hitachi, Ltd. Fluid pump and high-pressure fuel feed pump

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB279193A (en) * 1926-08-10 1927-10-27 Louis Frederick Rudston Fell Improvements in the fuel supply means of internal combustion engines
GB2003977A (en) * 1977-09-12 1979-03-21 Gen Motors Corp Electromagnetic unit fuel injector
GB2102882A (en) * 1981-07-24 1983-02-09 Lucas Ind Plc Combined fuel injection pump and injector units for c.i. engines

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB279193A (en) * 1926-08-10 1927-10-27 Louis Frederick Rudston Fell Improvements in the fuel supply means of internal combustion engines
GB2003977A (en) * 1977-09-12 1979-03-21 Gen Motors Corp Electromagnetic unit fuel injector
GB2102882A (en) * 1981-07-24 1983-02-09 Lucas Ind Plc Combined fuel injection pump and injector units for c.i. engines

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0138730A2 (en) * 1983-09-26 1985-04-24 Stanadyne Inc. Unit fuel injector and system therefor
EP0138730A3 (en) * 1983-09-26 1987-05-06 Stanadyne Inc. Unit fuel injector and system therefor
DE3633136A1 (en) * 1986-09-30 1988-04-07 Daimler Benz Ag MAGNETIC VALVE-CONTROLLED INJECTION DEVICE FOR PUMP AND NOZZLE FOR AIR COMPRESSING ENGINES
GB2195708A (en) * 1986-09-30 1988-04-13 Daimler Benz Ag Magnetic valve controlled injection device consisting of pump and nozzle for air compression internal combustion engines
GB2195708B (en) * 1986-09-30 1991-01-16 Daimler Benz Ag An air compressing internal combustion engine having a magnetic valve controlled fuel injection device
US5007401A (en) * 1986-09-30 1991-04-16 Daimler-Benz Ag Magnetic valve controlled injection device
DE3728961A1 (en) * 1987-08-29 1989-03-09 Daimler Benz Ag Solenoid valve-controlled injection device comprising pump and nozzle, for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines
GB2277782A (en) * 1992-12-03 1994-11-09 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel pump
WO1994012787A1 (en) * 1992-12-03 1994-06-09 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Fuel pump
GB2277782B (en) * 1992-12-03 1995-05-31 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel pump
US5427073A (en) * 1992-12-03 1995-06-27 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Fuel pump
US5775203A (en) * 1997-01-28 1998-07-07 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. High pressure fuel pump assembly
DE19801294C2 (en) * 1997-01-28 2002-06-27 Cummins Engine Co Inc High pressure fuel pump
EP1348868A1 (en) * 2001-01-05 2003-10-01 Hitachi, Ltd. Fluid pump and high-pressure fuel feed pump
EP1348868A4 (en) * 2001-01-05 2005-03-02 Hitachi Ltd Fluid pump and high-pressure fuel feed pump
EP1801411A1 (en) 2001-01-05 2007-06-27 Hitachi, Ltd. Fluid pump and high-pressure fuel feed pump

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WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)