FR2995064A1 - Ventilation device for use under roof at ceiling of livestock building of animals, has air inlet opening off-centered with respect to base of air extraction column and comprising edge at extension of rear face of box opposite to frontage - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a box (3) compartmentalized to delimit an open enclosure in frontage (4) of the box. A heat exchanger is removably housed inside the box. The enclosure is overmounted on a chamber provided with an opening. The opening emerges outside the box, and is sealed by a trap door (18) placed in the frontage. The chamber and the enclosure form a part of barrel of an air extraction column (19). An air inlet opening (6) is arranged at a base (20) of the column and off-centered with respect to the base. The opening has an edge at extension of a rear face of the box opposite to the frontage.

Description

The present invention relates to a ventilation device of a construction, including a livestock building, type positionable under roof, at a ceiling of said construction.

It relates more particularly to a ventilation device in the form of a box having a lower part positionable below said ceiling and an upper part positionable above said ceiling, said box being provided with at least: four orifices respectively forming two orifices; an air inlet and two air outlets, - a double flow heat exchanger so as to form two air flow paths inside the box, respectively connecting an inlet port and an outlet of the well, the two air flow paths respectively called stale air flow path, and second air flow path, being in heat exchange contact with each other. heat exchanger, - forced air circulation means arranged on the air flow paths.

In livestock buildings, animals rest on gratings under which accumulate animal droppings. At the level of the gratings, it is planned from place to place hollow studs some of which can be placed along the walls of the building. These pads allow the stale air and gas accumulating under the grating to escape into the atmosphere of the building. A ventilation device is then provided at the ceiling of the building to evacuate this stale air. This ventilation device may include a heat exchanger that allows the use of calories from stale air that is released into the atmosphere to heat air to circulate between ceiling and roof in the attic of the building to heat the building.

Until now, the ventilation devices used are in the form of a box of generally parallelepipedal shape oriented with its longitudinal axis extending substantially parallel to said ceiling. This box has, on its face above, a fresh air inlet and a stale air outlet while an end face of the box is provided with the air inlet port stale and that the other faces of the box are provided with hot air projections. Due to the relative arrangement of the air inlet and outlet openings with the stale air intake orifice disposed at a vertical end face of the box, a connection of the box with the or a stale air extraction pad from the bottom of the grating is difficult, if not impossible, and requires the presence of sheath. This architecture generates a significant size of the device at the ceiling, which requires to practice, beforehand, an opening of significant size in the ceiling to insert the ventilation device. In addition, because the heated air projection opening is disposed on the underside of the box, the box is necessarily suspended and must be positioned at a height relative to the ground.

An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a ventilation device of the aforementioned type whose design reduces the footprint of said device, reduce the size of the opening to be practiced in the ceiling to insert it, to easily connect the device to a vent placed on the ground and position the device against a wall without impairing the operation or maintenance of the device. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a device for ventilating a building, in particular a livestock building, of the positionable type under the roof, at a ceiling of the said building, the said device being under form of a box having a lower part positionable under said ceiling and an upper part positionable above said ceiling, said box being provided with at least: four orifices respectively forming two air inlet orifices and two outlet orifices; air, a dual flow heat exchanger so as to form two air flow paths inside the box, respectively connecting an inlet port and an outlet of the box, the two paths respectively, the exhaust air flow path, and the second air flow path, being in heat exchange contact in the heat exchanger, - forced circulation means of air areposés on the airflow paths, characterized in that the box is compartmentalized to delimit at least one open enclosure front of the box and inside which the heat exchanger, which is in the form of a sliding block in the manner of a drawer, is housed in a removable manner, said enclosure being surmounted by a chamber provided with an opening, opening out of the box, and closable by a hatch disposed on the front of the box, chamber and enclosure forming at least a portion of the barrel of an air extraction column of quadrangular cross section whose base is provided with the air inlet and the top of the outlet orifice of air of the air flow path called stale air flow path, this stale air flow path which passes through the enclosure and said chamber being adapted, in the open position of the trap, to be powered in stale air via the opening of the closed room by r said hatch, the air inlet orifice disposed at the base of the column of said stale air flow path being off-center with respect to said base and having one of its edges arranged in the extension of the face, called the back of the box, opposite the front of said box. The embodiment of the ventilation device in the form of a substantially vertical column-type assembly with the exhaust air inlet provided at the base of the column makes it possible, if necessary, to directly place the device on a mounting block. Aeration of dung pits equipping a livestock building. The eccentricity of the stale air intake port relative to the base of the column allows a positioning of the device against a wall while maintaining the support on the stud when the pad is placed near a Wall.

The column type embodiment further reduces the dimensions of the opening to be practiced in the ceiling of the construction to insert the device without impairing the operation of the device. The removability of the heat exchanger allows easy maintenance of said heat exchanger.

The superposition of the heat exchanger and a chamber equipped with a trapdoor with a function of safety and inspection hatch makes it possible, in the event of failure of the means for forced circulation of air, a natural extraction of the stale air with a fouled air circulation circuit shortened. This hatch, which also functions as a manhole, also makes it easy to maintain the means for forced air circulation of the stale air path. Finally, this trap allows to regulate the flow of stale air to pass through the heat exchanger. This results in a ventilation device of reduced size and improved maintenance compared to the state of the art.

Preferably, the box further comprises, between the front and back of the box, flanking, in the manner of wings, said barrel of the column, two chambers, said side, each adjoining one of the faces of two faces, said side, opposed to the shaft constituting the column, these chambers communicating with the chamber disposed in the column and being provided one, an air inlet port, the other, an air outlet port , respectively forming the air inlet and outlet ports of the second air flow path inside the box, the second air flow path passing through the column enclosure.

The air inlet and outlet openings of the second air flow path can thus be easily positioned in the upper part of the box.

Preferably, the face of each side chamber, opposite to that formed by the lateral face of the column shaft, is an inclined face tending, in the upper part of the box to deviate from the lateral face of the barrel from the top of the column. direction of the base of the column, and in the lower part of the box, to approach the lateral face of the barrel from the top towards the base of the column. In other words, each chamber has a cross section which decreases from the top towards the base of the column in the lower part of the box and a cross section which grows from the top towards the base of the column in the upper part of the box. This architecture makes it possible to ensure homogeneity of the air entering or leaving the enclosure disposed in the column.

Preferably, at least one of the air inlet or outlet orifices of the second air outlet type air flow path is delimited by a pipe section, this pipe section accommodating the air intake means. forced circulation of air of said second air flow path, said section of pipe, provided with an outer peripheral collar of axis forming an angle different from 900 with the axis of said pipe section, being reported and mounted interlocking in an opening of said box until positioning in support of the flange on the outer surface of said box.

This results in an easy modification of the orientation of the inlet air flow mouth or the outgoing air flow mouth by simply rotating the pipe section inside the opening of the box. Preferably, the hatch is equipped with means for retaining the hatch in closed position, comprising an electric control member adapted to allow the hatch to pass from the closed position to the open position in the non-energized state. Thus, in the event of a power failure resulting in an interruption in the operation of the forced air circulation means, exhaust air can be removed in an easier way without necessarily going through the heat exchanger thanks to the creation an additional air flow path passing through the opening of the hatch, the chamber and the exhaust air outlet stale. Preferably, the enclosure is separated from the chamber which overcomes it by an air flow regulator. The controller is configured to, in at least one control position, at least partially, preferably totally, close the communication between the enclosure and the chamber. Preferably, the air flow regulator 15 comprises at least one, preferably at least two, flaps mounted to pivot about an axis transverse to the axis of the column between an at least partial closure position of the communication between chamber and enclosure and an open position of the communication between chamber and enclosure and at least one drive control member moving the shutter or flaps between said positions, this control member being disposed at least partially to the outside of the box and being associated with visual means for locating the position of said control member as a function of the desired flow rate, these locating means being disposed outside the box on said box. The presence of visual identification means makes it possible for an operator located near the device to easily check the relevance of the flow adjustment operated without having to directly visualize the position of the flaps. Preferably, the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger whose plates extend in a so-called vertical plane, parallel to the axis of the column.

This results in the possibility of easy and automatic evacuation of condensates out of the device by simple gravity. Preferably, the block formed by the heat exchanger is equipped on the front 5 with at least two gripping handles. The handles facilitate sliding movement of the block for its extraction or its introduction into the enclosure. Preferably, the forced air circulation means of the stale air flow path are disposed at the top of the column. Thus, these forced circulation means are accessible via the hatch in the open position of the latter. In addition, they do not interfere with the cleaning with water of the exchanger that can be done through the inspection hatch. Likewise, the operation of the forced air circulation means can not be disturbed by the possible condensates produced by the heat exchanger. Preferably, the air outlet port of the stale air flow path is provided with a cutting pattern formed of a plurality of concentric circles each corresponding to a diameter of said orifice. The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 represents a front view of an installation according to the invention in use configuration ; Figure 2 shows a side view of an installation according to the invention; Figure 3 is a perspective view from below of an installation according to the invention; Figure 4 shows a perspective elevational view of an installation according to the invention, the heat exchanger having been shown out of the device; FIG. 5 represents a perspective view of the device in the open position of the hatch to allow the constituent flaps of the flow regulator to be viewed.

As mentioned above, the ventilation device, object of the invention, is more particularly intended to allow ventilation of livestock building. As illustrated in Figure 1, this ventilation device is in the form of a box of complex shape, positionable under the roof 1 of a construction, at a ceiling 2 of the construction, with a portion of the box , called the upper portion 32 of the box, which extends above said ceiling and a lower portion 31 which extends below said ceiling. This box is intended to cross the ceiling extending inside an opening in said ceiling. This ventilation device has the function of allowing the evacuation of stale air from the ceiling room and heating, by heat exchange with this stale air, the air drawn under the roof before blowing the hot air produced for example also in the roof area to facilitate the heating of the building, especially in winter periods.

Ideally, this ventilation device is placed on a pre-equipping plenum ventilation block, as shown in Figure 1, to allow direct evacuation into the atmosphere, outside the building of the building. 'stale air.

In the examples shown, the box 3 has four orifices 6, 7, 8, 9 and is provided with a heat exchanger 10 of double flow to form two paths 11; The first air flow path, called the stale air flow path 11, respectively connects the air inlet port 6 and the air outlet port 11. outlet port 7 of the box 3 while the second air flow path 12 connects the air inlet port 8 and the air outlet orifice 9 of the box. These two airflow paths are in heat exchange contact in the heat exchanger. The box further comprises means 13 for forced circulation of air, such as a fan, arranged on the path of exhaust air flow 11 and means 14 for forced circulation of air, such as a fan, arranged on the second path 12 of air flow. This box 3 has a front 4, a back 5 formed by the face of the box opposite the front, side faces connecting the back and the front of said box and a top and bottom or base.

This box 3 is compartmentalized to delimit an enclosure 15 of parallelepipedal general shape open front. This enclosure is provided at the base or below the box. This enclosure receives the heat exchanger. This heat exchanger 10 is a plate heat exchanger which is in the form of an insertable sliding block within the enclosure. This heat exchanger 10 is provided on the front with gripping handles 33 which thus allow easy introduction and extraction of the heat exchanger inside the enclosure in the manner of a drawer. In the configuration of use of the device, the plates of the heat exchanger extend in a substantially vertical plane. The enclosure 15 for receiving the heat exchanger is, in the configuration of use of the ventilation device, surmounted by a chamber 16 provided on the front of the box with an opening 17 opening out of the box 3. This opening 17 is closable by a hatch 18 also disposed on the front 4 of the box 3. This hatch is a pivoting door pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis extending substantially perpendicular to the axis of the stack formed by the superposition of the enclosure and the room. This hatch 18 is equipped with means 26 for retaining the hatch 18 in the closed position. These retaining means 26 comprise an electrical control member adapted to allow the passage of the hatch 18 from the closed position to the open position in the non-powered state.

In the example shown, these retaining means 26 are formed by one or more jacks arranged between the trap and box and by at least one solenoid valve disposed on the pneumatic air supply circuit of the at least one chamber of the jack or cylinders. This solenoid valve, closed in the current-fed state, is open in the non-energized state and thus opens the pneumatic circuit of the cylinder (s). This solenoid valve thus forms the control member of the jack or cylinders adapted to allow, in the non-powered state, the passage of the jack or cylinders of a first position, such as a retracted position corresponding to the closed position of the hatch in a second position, such as an extension position, corresponding to the open position of the hatch. Generally, the retaining means 26 are, in the energized state, active against biasing means such as a spring which tends to return the hatch to the open position. Chamber 16 and enclosure 15 form at least a portion of the barrel of an air extraction column 19 of quadrangular cross section. The base 20 of this column is provided with the air inlet orifice 6 of the stale air flow path and the top 21 of the column is equipped with the air outlet orifice 7 of the path 11 stale air flow which communicates with the chamber 16 by the ceiling of said chamber 16. Thus, this path of exhaust air flow, which passes through the chamber 15 and the chamber 16 and through the orifice 7 air outlet, is adapted, in the open position of the hatch 18, to be supplied with polluted air via the opening 17 of the chamber 16 closed by said hatch 18. It is noted, as illustrated in Figure 2, that the air inlet port 6 formed at the base 20 of the column 19 of said stale air flow path 11 is off-center with respect to said base 20 and has one of its edges, represented in 61 in the figures, disposed in the extension of the face, called back 5, of the box 3 opposite the front 4 of said box 3. The axis of the column and the axis of said orifice 6 of entral of air do not coincide. The opening surface of the air inlet port 6 is smaller than the area of the base of the column.

Preferably, the shapes of the base of the column and the air inlet port are identical. This is the case in the examples shown where the base has a substantially square shape as well as the air inlet orifice. This arrangement facilitates a wall positioning against a wall of the device, which is necessary when the stud, on which the ventilation device is to be placed, is disposed in the vicinity of a wall. The box 3 further comprises, between the front 4 and back 5 of the box 3, flanking, in the manner of wings, said barrel of the column 19, two lateral chambers 22, each adjoining one of the faces of two opposite side faces of the constituent barrel of the column 19. The chambers 22 communicate with the enclosure 15 disposed in the column 19 through openings disposed at the chamber and are provided with one, an inlet orifice 8 of air, the other, an air outlet orifice 9, respectively forming the air inlet and outlet orifices 8, 9 of the second air flow path 12 inside the box 3 The inlet and outlet air ports are arranged at the level of the lateral chambers 22, in the upper part of the box. The lateral chambers 22 extend partially projecting above the top of the column. Each chamber has a side face 23, opposite to that formed by the side face of the barrel of the column 19, and two additional side faces interconnecting these first side faces. As shown in the figures, the face 23 of each side chamber, opposite to that formed by the side face of the shaft of the column 19, is an inclined face 23 tending, in the upper portion 32 of the box 3 to depart the side face of the barrel from the top 21 of said column towards the base 20 of said column, and in the lower portion 31, to approach the lateral face of the barrel from the top 21 towards the base 20 of the column 19. At the transition zone between the upper part and the lower part of the box, this inclined face 23 of each chamber extends substantially parallel to the lateral face of the column shaft to which it is opposite to facilitate the maintenance at level of the ceiling of said box. The inlet and outlet air inlets are each arranged on the part of the inclined face which tends, in the upper part of the box, to deviate from the lateral face of the barrel from the top towards the the base of the column. In the examples shown, the forced air circulation means 14 of the second air flow path 12 are arranged at the air outlet orifice 9. They could equally have been placed on the air inlet orifice 8. In this embodiment, the air outlet port 9 of the second air outlet type air flow path 12 is delimited by a duct section 25 housing said forced air circulation means 14. . This pipe section 25 is provided with a circular outer peripheral collar 24 forming an angle different from 90 ° with the axis of said pipe section. In the examples shown, this angle is close to 22.5 °. The duct section is, with its means 14 forced air circulation, reported and mounted to interlock in an opening of the box 3 until positioning in support of the flange 24 on the outer surface of said box 3. It is thus sufficient , to allow a change in the orientation of the air flow, to rotate said pipe section inside the opening 30 disposed in said box.

To perfect the assembly, the chamber 15 is separated from the chamber 16 which overcomes it by a regulator 27 of air flow. In the examples shown, this air flow regulator 27 comprises two flaps 28 mounted to pivot about a transverse axis, substantially perpendicular to the axis of the column 19, between an at least partial closure position of the communication between chamber 16 and enclosure 15 and an open position of the communication between chamber 16 and enclosure 15. These flaps are controlled in pivotal displacement by a control member 29 formed here by a crank lever engaging by one of its ends with the pivot axis of the flaps. Part of this lever protrudes from the box. The box is externally equipped for example with graduations to select the position of the lever according to the desired flow. These graduations constitute visual means for locating the position of said control lever 29 as a function of the desired flow rate. The operator does not need to open the door to adjust the air flow of the exhaust air flow path. The controller can be manually or automatically controlled.

The ceiling of the chamber 16 surmounting the enclosure 15 is equipped with the fan forming the means 13 for forced air circulation of the exhaust air flow path 11. Thus, the exhaust air circulates inside the column from the air inlet orifice 6 through the plate heat exchanger and then, after passing through the openings formed by the shutter or flaps of the regulator, flow, in the chamber 16 before being discharged at the ceiling of the chamber in the exhaust air port 7 which itself can be equipped with a pipe opening outside the building. This path is the only path likely to be followed by stale air in the closed position of the hatch 18. In the open position of the hatch 18, the opening of the hatch having been automatically controlled, because of a cut of current, or manually, the stale air can enter directly into the chamber through the opening 17 closable by the trapdoor of said chamber and be discharged to the ceiling of the chamber and the outlet 7 air outlet of the column overcoming the room outside the building. This flow of air is each time obtained by the means 13 for forced air circulation.

In parallel, thanks to the means 14 for forced air circulation, arranged in the air outlet orifice 9, air, said fresh, drawn here under the roof is admitted through the inlet orifice 8 of air from the second air flow path in one of the lateral chambers 22 of the box and then fed into the plate heat exchanger and then into the second lateral chamber 22 before being discharged from the box under the roof through the orifice 9 air outlet equipping this second chamber 22 side. At the level of the heat exchanger, a heat exchange can take place depending on the temperatures of the incoming air flows so that the air leaving the air outlet orifice 9 of the second flow path air can be a useful hot air for heating the building. At any time, it is possible to close the flaps of the flow controller to isolate the chamber of the enclosure and open the hatch 18 to allow a direct exit of stale air without passing through the heat exchanger. This configuration can be selected in summer when it is desired to avoid unnecessary clogging of the heat exchanger.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS1. Ventilation device of a building, in particular a livestock building, of the positionable type under roof (1), at a ceiling (2) of said construction, said device being in the form of a housing ( 3) having a lower portion (31) positionable under said ceiling (2) and an upper portion (32) positionable above said ceiling (2), said box (3) being provided with at least: - four orifices respectively forming two orifices 6, 8) and two air outlet ports (7, 9), a double flow heat exchanger (10) so as to form two paths (11; 12). air flow inside the box (3), respectively connecting an inlet port (6; 8) and an outlet port (7; 9) of the box (3), the two paths (11; 12) respectively, the exhaust air flow path (11) and the second air flow path (12) being in heat exchange contact with each other. s heat exchanger (10), means (13; 14) for forced circulation of air arranged on the paths (11; 12) of air flow, characterized in that the box (3) is compartmentalized to delimit at least one enclosure (15) open on the front (4) of the box (3) 20 and inside which the heat exchanger (10), which is in the form of a sliding block in the manner of a drawer, is housed in a removable manner, said enclosure (15 ) being surmounted by a chamber (16) provided with an opening (17), opening out of the box (3), and closable by a hatch (18) disposed in front (4) of the box (3), chamber (16) and enclosure (15) forming at least a portion of the barrel of an air extraction column (19) of quadrangular cross-section whose base (20) is provided with the orifice (6) of air inlet and the top (21) of the air outlet orifice (7) of the air flow path called the stale air flow path (11), this path (11) d stale air flow, which passes through the enclosure (15) and said chamber (16), being adapted, in the open position of the hatch (18), to be supplied with polluted air via the opening (17) of the chamber (16) closed by said trap ( 18), the air intake port (6) disposed at the base (20) of the column (19) of said stale air flow path (11) being off-center with respect to said base (20) and having one (61) of its edges disposed in the extension of the face, called back (5), of the box (3), opposite the front (4) of said box (3). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the box (3) further comprises, between the front (4) and back (5) of the box (3), flanking, in the manner of wings, said barrel of the column (19), two chambers (22), said side, each adjoining one of the faces of two faces, said side opposite the barrel constituting the column (19), these chambers (22) communicating with the enclosure (15). ) disposed in the column (19) and being provided with one, an orifice (8) of air inlet, the other, an orifice (9) of air outlet respectively forming the orifices (8, 9) of the air inlet and outlet of the second air flow path (12) inside the box (3), the second air flow path (12) passing through the enclosure (15) of the column (19). 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the face (23) of each chamber (22) lateral, opposite that formed by the side face of the shaft of the column (19), is a face (23) inclined tending in the upper portion (32) of the box (3) to deviate from the side face of the barrel from the top (21) towards the base (20) of the column (19), and in the portion (31) ) bottom of the box (3), to approach the side face of the barrel from the top (21) towards the base (20) of the column (19). 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the orifices (8, 9) of air inlet or outlet of the second path (12) of air flow of The air vent type is delimited by a section (25) of pipe, this section accommodating the means (14) forced circulation of air of said second path (12) of air flow, cettesection (25) driving , provided with an outer peripheral collar (24) with an axis different from 900 with the axis of said pipe section (25), being attached and fitted interlockingly in an opening of said box (3) up to positioning in support of the flange (24) on the outer surface of said box (3). 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hatch (18) is equipped with means (26) for retaining the hatch (18) in the closed position comprising an electrical control member 10 adapted to allow the passage from the hatch (18) from the closed position to the open position in the non-energized state. 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the enclosure (15) is separated from the chamber (16) which surmounted by a regulator (27) of air flow. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the regulator (27) of air flow comprises at least one, preferably at least two, flaps (28) pivotally mounted about an axis 20 transverse to the axis of the column (19) between an at least partial closure position of the communication between chamber (16) and enclosure (15) and an open position of the communication between chamber (16) and enclosure (15) and at least a drive control member (29) for moving the at least one flap (28) between said positions, said control member (29) being disposed at least partially outside the box (3) and being associated with visual means (30) for locating the position of said control member (29) as a function of the desired flow rate, these means (30) for locating being disposed outside the box on said box (3). 30 8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger (10) is a plate heat exchanger (32) whose plates (32) extend in a plane, said vertical, parallel to the column axis (19). 9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the block formed by the heat exchanger (10) is equipped on the front of at least two grips (33) gripping. 10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (13) for forced air circulation of the exhaust air flow path (11) 10 are arranged at the top of the column.