FR2589506A1 - Device for fixing a bracket for circulation or formwork on a vertical wall of a concrete structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the securing of gable brackets on a vertical concrete wall. A first subassembly is installed in a removable manner in the wall 16 from that side of this wall which is opposite the bracket, and comprises a rod 24 projecting from the side of the bracket and ending in a widened head 30. A second subassembly is installed on a framework member 21 of the bracket and comprises a plate 58 provided with a vertical slot 60. The bracket is fixed by moving it downwards with the projecting part of the rod 24, between the wall 16 and the head 30, being engaged in the slot 60 up to its upper end. Application to the fixing of gable brackets for circulation or formwork panels.

Description

 The present invention relates generally to consoles intended for the circulation and work of staff, or even for vertical formwork formwork, in the production of concrete structures.

It relates more particularly to a device for securing a console on a vertical or substantially vertical wall section belonging to the structure.

 In the known technique, a console is constituted by a horizontal circulation or formwork platform, generally defined by a board, which is supported by a framework comprising a number of gable support elements (typically two in number ) located under the said platform and fixed to the adjacent wall (or wall) of the structure. This is why we speak of a gable console. For fixing, there are fitted in the concrete wall, at predetermined regularly spaced locations, hooks, or "flying fasteners" which, by cooperating with regions or associated members of the console, allow the latter to be hooked onto the wall in a number of selected locations.

However, this type of attachment has a number of drawbacks. First of all, it is understood that, for safety reasons, the flying fasteners must be of high reliability, which leads to a significant increase in their cost due to the high quality of the steels chosen.

 In addition, when a hook is no longer used, for example after the console has been removed and moved using a crane to another location on the vertical wall. It becomes useless and must be removed.

However, it appears that this removal cannot be carried out from the interior side of the wall, generally easily accessible to personnel, since the hook has larger overall dimensions than the hole provided in the wall for its fixing. The conventional solution then consists in chasing the hooks outwards, these then falling to the ground, which may be several tens of meters below.

 This is disadvantageous first of all from a safety point of view, the fall of these relatively heavy objects into the environment of the structure is not without danger for the personnel. In addition, it is extremely tedious to have, each time hooks have been removed, to reassemble them to the work site located higher in the work, in order to be able to use them again during the vertical progression of said work.

 The present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a fastening device by hooking for consoles of the aforementioned type which is simple to implement, very safe and of reasonable cost.

 To this end, the present invention provides a device for fixing a gable console, in particular for circulation or for formwork in concrete structures, on a substantially vertical wall of said structure, characterized in that it comprises a first sub -set arranged to be removably mounted in the wall from the side of the latter opposite the console, comprising a rod projecting from the wall on the side of the console and ending in an enlarged part forming a head, and a second sub-assembly mounted on a frame of the console and comprising a plate provided with a vertical slot open at its lower end and closed at its upper end, and of a width greater than that of the rod and less than that of the enlarged part terminating said rod, the first and second subassemblies being arranged to secure the console by vertical displacement of the latter down so that the projecting part ante of the rod, between the wall and the head, engages in the slot to its upper end.

 The present invention also relates to a pinion console equipped with one or more fixing devices as set out above.

The invention will be better understood on reading the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof, given by way of example and made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
FIG. 1 is a side view, schematic and in partial section, of a console for formwork or staff circulation to which the present invention applies,
FIG. 2 is a side view in section of the region of the fixing of the console to an adjacent vertical concrete wall,
FIG. 3 is a sectional view along the line III-III of FIG. 2,
FIG. 4 is a sectional view along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3,
FIG. 5 is a side view in section through the wall, and
- Figures 6 and 7 are sectional views from above and from the side of an alternative embodiment.

 Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 shows a console, generally indicated at 10, comprising a horizontal platform 12, constituted for example by a board, and a set of support elements 14, in gable, arranged for support the platform 12 and to be each hung on an adjacent vertical wall 16 of a concrete structure in progress, generally indicated in 18. The console will conventionally be produced using profiled metal beams, as shown in 20 It may include support elements 14 in any appropriate number, distributed over its length. This number is conventionally two.

 The horizontal platform 12 of the console may be intended for the station and for the movement of personnel working on the structure. It can also serve as a support for a vertical formwork formwork for the extension of the wall 16. In the present example, it is for the first use that it is dedicated, and an appropriate body rail 25 is provided at its outer edge.

 In the construction of the concrete structure 18, which can for example be a multi-storey building, it is conventional, in particular when the structure develops vertically upwards, to be able to move the console described above vertically along of the vertical wall 16 of the structure, following the progress of said wall and using the latter for hanging the console.

 To this end, a certain number of removable fixing devices are provided for fixing the console 10 to the wall 16. One of these devices is shown in detail in FIGS. 2 to 5.

With reference to these figures, it can be seen that each fastening device firstly comprises a stud 22 projecting from the outside surface (right side in the figures) of the wall 16. More precisely, this stud 22 is part of a first sub-assembly generally indicated at 23, shown in isolation in FIG. 5, which comprises a cylindrical rod 24 which crosses the wall 16. For this purpose, a hole 26, of frustoconical shape narrowing towards the outside, has been
formed in the wall during the pouring thereof, by providing in the formwork a reservation of corresponding frustoconical shape. The first sub-assembly also includes a sleeve 28 interposed between the rod 24 and the wall of the hole 26. The sleeve has the outside taper the same conicity as the hole, and is crossed by a cylindrical bore which receives, without immobilizing, the rod 24.

 The rod 24 projects from either side of the wall 16, and is externally threaded at its two ends. At its right end, ie on the exterior side of the building, it receives by screwing a head 30. After its installation, the head 30 is fixed in the present example by means of a weld bead 32. In the majority of cases, however, welding points will prove to be sufficient, since the forces which may exist between the head 30 and the end of the rod 24, will be passed on essentially to the threads.

 At the other end of the rod 24, ie on the interior side of the building, and therefore at a location easily accessible by the personnel, there is a clamping member 34 which has a tapped opening so that it can be screwed onto the associated thread. of the stem. The member 34 is able to come into contact with a tripod support element 36 which is constituted by a central body 36a freely traversed by the rod 24, and by three branches 36b separated angularly two by two from 1200. The free end of each of the branches carries a foot 36c capable of coming to bear against the adjacent vertical surface of the concrete wall 16. Such an arrangement with three support points is advantageous in that the isostatic nature of the stresses is preserved.

 As can be seen, the clamping member 34 comprises gripping branches 34a intended to allow the rotation of said member in one direction or the other, for clamping / loosening purposes explained below.

 The first sub-assembly finally comprises a stop piece 38 in the form of a head screwed onto the inner end of the rod 24 then fixed in place using a weld bead 40. This piece of stopping prevents the clamping member 34 from being inadvertently separated from the rod 24 when it is unscrewed.

 It will be understood that this first sub-assembly of the fixing device of the present invention, when it is placed in the associated hole 26 of the wall 16, gives rise on a vertical outside face of said wall to a stud 22, as mentioned above, which comprises a part of large diameter defined by the head 30 and a part of smaller diameter defined by the part of the rod 24 situated between the head 30 and the wall 16.

 It is also understood that the distance between the head 30 and the external surface of the wall 16 can be modified as desired, over a determined stroke, by manual rotation in one direction or the other of the clamping member 34, for purposes which will be explained later.

 Furthermore, it can be drowned out that the small diameter (at the right end) of the hole 26 is greater than the outside diameter of the head 30, so that the assembly can be put in place and removed simply from on the interior, easily accessible side, of the concrete structure.

 The fixing device according to the present invention further comprises means provided on each pinion support element 14 and arranged to cooperate with the associated stud 22. More specifically, with reference to Figures 2 to 4, the console comprises second sub-assemblies which are mounted on a cross member which is part of the frame of the console and which extends horizontally parallel to the wall 16 below the region of the platform 12 adjacent to the wall. This cross member, indicated generally at 21, consists in the present example of a U-shaped profile 21a closed by a straight profile 21b, to define a rectangular section. It could of course be constituted by a hollow square profile.

 Each second sub-assembly comprises a base plate 50, fixed to the face of the cross-member 21 which faces the wall 16 by means of two U-shaped stirrups 52, 52 'of circular section, the ends of which free engage in associated holes of the plate 50 and are held there by nuts 54. In the present embodiment, the nuts are not tightened (they are however immobilized appropriately so as to prevent them from becoming unscrew unexpectedly). In this way, the base plate 50, and therefore the entire second assembly of the fixing device, is able to move laterally on the crosspiece. Its travel may be limited by any appropriate stop means provided on the latter in a manner not illustrated. This lateral clearance or clearance is provided for purposes which will be explained later.

 Two U-shaped profiles 56 and 56 ', oriented vertically, take the place of connecting and bracing members between the base plate 50 and a second vertical plate 58 arranged to cooperate for attachment purposes with the stud 22 such that described above, which projects outside the wall 16.

 To this end, in the middle region of the plate 58 is defined a buttonhole or vertical slot 60, open and flared at 60a at its lower end and closed at its upper end. The width of the slot 60 in its upper end region is chosen to be slightly greater than the diameter of the rod 24 of the first set, but less than the outside diameter of the head 30. In this way, it is understood that when the plate 58 is going to be moved vertically and down along the wall 16, the part of smaller diameter of the stud 22 defined by the rod 24) will penetrate into the slot 60 until it abuts against the closed upper end thereof.

 All of the elements described above, made of a metal such as steel, are assembled in the present example by welding. It is understood that we can use any other appropriate type of assembly.

 The second sub-assembly of the fixing device according to the present invention further comprises a locking member or latch, indicated at 62.

It has the shape of a part received in the interior space defined by the plates 50 and 58 and by the lateral profiles 56, 56 '. The part is pivotally mounted in its lower region around an axis 64 supported at its two ends by the lateral profiles 56 and 56 '.

It generally extends diagonally upwards and comprises, in the illustrated position, a horizontal end face 62a, one edge of which is adjacent to the plate 68.

At rest, the latch 62 remains in the position illustrated by means of a stop 66, shown only in FIG. 2, which will be suitably mounted on one or the other of the lateral profiles 56 and 56 '.

 It is understood that the locking latch is capable of being driven out, in order to turn clockwise in FIG. 2, when it is subjected to an upward external stress exerted on its inclined lower face 62b from from below.

 When this stress ceases, it spontaneously resumes, under the effect of its own weight, the position illustrated.

 The operation and use of the fixing device as described above under the following.

 First of all, when one wishes to install the console at a given height on a vertical section of wall such as 16, one places in holes such as 26, previously formed in the wall in suitable locations during the casting thereof, a number (typically two) first sub-assemblies as described with reference to FIG. 5. This installation, for the reasons mentioned above, can be carried out from inside the building, in an extremely easy way. It may be noted that the frustoconical nature of the holes 26 and of the sleeves 28 allows during this step a perfect centering of the first sets in the associated holes.

 This defines a number of studs 22 projecting from the surface of the wall 16 on the outside, with an appropriate horizontal spacing between them.

 Then, using a crane, a console is fitted, equipped in an appropriate geometrical arrangement with second sub-assemblies as described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4, capable of cooperating with the studs 22, so that the plates 58 with open buttonhole 60 are each arranged in line with a stud 22. The console is then allowed to descend so that, as described above, each plate 58 comes to be blocked along the wall 16 by engagement from pad 22 to the bottom of the associated slot 60. During this movement, the stud gradually clears the locking latch 62 by acting on its inclined surface 62b.

However, as soon as the stud 22 has reached the bottom of the slot 60 (position shown in FIG. 2), the latch 62 is free to return under the effect of its own weight
in the position shown, in which it prevents the
stud 22 to come out of the slot again. This ensures
additional security of the fixing which, even in
presence of exceptional accidental stresses,
prevent the console from coming off the wall 16.

It can also be noted that the lateral play
given to the second subsets, as described more
high, effectively compensates for errors
spacing between the studs, without creating any
additional constraints in the various organs.

The flared entry end 60a of each of the slots 60
facilitates such lateral adjustment.

Then the console is detached from the crane,
staying in the same position under the effect of his
own weight. Then we operate the clamping member 34
associated with each of the studs 22, in a direction of rotation
as we approach the head 30 of the wall 16. By this
action, each plate 58 then becomes firmly enclosed
between said head 30 and the wall, and the rigid fixing of
the console is thus ensured.

The disassembly of a console is carried out in
reversing the above operations. It will however
necessary to further provide control means to
distance, such as cables or levers (not shown)
which will allow the locking latches 62 to be
deleted when you wish to carry out the disassembly.

These means may advantageously be combined with = oyens de -levage- (giue) uestinés d ia manipulation de
the console, for automatic unlocking.

In addition, after lifting the console, the
first subsets 23 of each of the
fixing can be very easily removed from the wall by
concrete from inside the structure, to be able to be
reused on the site in extremely short time.

 This avoids the drawbacks of the prior art flying fasteners, which were dropped outside when they were no longer needed.

 In Figures 6 and 7, is shown, in partial sectional view from above and from the side, respectively, an alternative embodiment of the second set. In these figures, elements or parts identical or similar to those of the other figures are designated by the same reference numbers, and will not be described again.

 This variant concerns the means intended to give the second assembly of the device a lateral clearance.

In this embodiment, the nuts 54 of the stirrups are tightened, and the base plate 50 is therefore stationary on the cross member 21. However, an intermediate plate 67 is provided which has, in its two lateral regions, holes 68, 68 'oblong in the horizontal direction, which are traversed by bolts or the like 70, 70' fixed for example by screwing in the base plate 50. The lateral clearance necessary for the plate 58 is thus ensured by the horizontal degree of freedom of the bolts 70 , 70 'in their oblong holes.

 In addition, as shown in particular in Figure 7, the intermediate plate 67 is received in a recess of the base plate 50, delimited by two horizontal shoulders 50a and 50b. Thus, the significant vertical forces which exist are passed on to the shoulders 50a, 50b and on the corresponding end faces of the plate 67, and not on the bolts 70, 70 '.

 Such a solution is advantageous from the point of view of reliability and robustness, the bolts not having to withstand excessive vertical forces.

 Of course, the present invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described and illustrated, and those skilled in the art may make any variant or modification in accordance with his spirit. Thus, it will be possible to provide on a pinion console any number and arrangement of fixing devices of the invention. In addition, the locking latch 62 may only be provided in the fixing devices situated at the two ends of the same cross member 21.

 Furthermore, in the case where the slot 60 for receiving the stud will be of a significant height, this latch can be eliminated, since it is understood that the console's own weight will be sufficient to avoid any risk of unhooking by accidental lifting.

In addition, the lateral travel of each
part of the device located on the console can be
insured by any means other than those described;
or may appeal in particular to the principle of
slide.

In addition, we can design the first sub
assembly of the fixing device so that it
can adapt to walls of different thicknesses.

The threaded part located on the inside of the rod 24
will then be of an appropriate length.

Finally, the minimum outside diameter of the sleeve
frustoconical 28 of the first subset may be
chosen slightly greater than the small diameter of the hole
associated 26 of the wall. In this way, when setting
place of the first sub-assembly in the wall, we will ensure
that the end of the frustoconical sleeve does not project beyond
from the outside surface of the wall, which could hinder
the establishment of the associated plate 58 of the second sub
together and therefore from the console.

Claims (10)

1. Device for fixing a gable console, in particular for circulation or for formwork in concrete structures, on. a substantially vertical wall (16-) of said structure, characterized in that it comprises a first sub-assembly arranged to be removably mounted in the wall (16) from the side of the latter opposite the console, comprising a rod (24) projecting from the wall on the side of the console and ending in an enlarged part (30) forming a head, and a second sub-assembly mounted on a frame of the console and comprising a plate (58) provided with '' a vertical slot (60) open at its lower end and closed at its upper end, and of a width greater than that of the rod and less than that of the head ending said rod, the first and second subassemblies being arranged to secure the console by vertical displacement of the latter downwards so that the projecting part of the rod, between the wall and the head, engages in the slot up to its upper end. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first sub-assembly further comprises clamping means (34, 36) located on the side of the wall (16) opposite to the console and arranged to be actuated so as to exert traction on the end of the rod (24) opposite the head (30). 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the clamping means comprise a body (34) capable of being screwed and unscrewed on the end of the rod (24) opposite the head (30), and an element d 'tripod support (36) interposed between the body (34) and the wall (16). 4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first sub-assembly further comprises a sleeve (28) interposed between the rod (24) and a hole (26) provided in the wall (16j for its reception, and in that the cross section of the head (30) is less than the minimum cross section of said hole.  5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the sleeve (28) is externally frustoconical, and narrows in the direction of the head (30). 6. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the slot (60) of the plate (58) of the second sub-assembly is flared in its lower region. 7. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second sub-assembly is mounted with lateral clearance on the frame (21) of the console. 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the lateral play is ensured by an intermediate plate (67) disposed between two horizontal shoulders (50a, 50b) of a support plate (50) fixed on the framework, the mounting of said intermediate plate being ensured by fixing elements (70, 70 ') passing through oblong holes in the horizontal direction (68,68'). 9. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the second sub-assembly comprises locking means (62) arranged to trap the projecting part of the rod (24) in the upper region of the slot (60) after fixing. 10. Gable console for circulation or formwork in the production of concrete structures, characterized in that it comprises at least one fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.