ES2369947B1 - MODULAR CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention falls within the sector of the modular construction of buildings intended for residential, hotel, teaching, even hospital use. # The prefabricated concrete modules that make up the building are made up of three basic pieces: # 1.- Base: It is the floor of each module. It has 4 corners on the bottom # 2.- Drawer: It is the roof, facades and side walls of each module. It has 4 corners in the upper part. # 3.- Corridor: Formed by a slab of width equal to that of the base and variable length according to regulations and needs of the resulting building. # The base and the drawer are joined, constituting a single rigid and monolithic piece. For this, the base provides for armatures on hold that will overlap with those of the drawer, thus giving continuity to the reinforcement and guaranteeing the strength of the concrete joint between the base and the drawer. # The different modules to be configured The building is placed directly supported one above the other and one next to the other. Neoprene bands are available that guarantee a more homogeneous support, avoiding direct contact between concretes of different modules. # The stability of the resulting building against unlikely situations is guaranteed by two types of parts: positioning and anchoring. Like the corners of the base and the drawer, they are inherited from the port transport and storage systems. # In the case of residential building, the grouping of several modules would configure the dwelling and the grouping of several dwellings, with their respective modules of vertical communication (stairs and elevator), would configure the building.

Description

Modular construction system

Technical sector

The invention falls within the sector of modular construction, and more specifically in the modular construction of buildings intended for residential, individual or collective use.

Background of the invention (state of the art)

Despite living in an advanced society that has achieved significant achievements in food, health, education, ... housing has failed to evolve at the same pace and condition the quality of life of the citizen.

Current housing problems:

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High prices that hamper the development of families and condition their amortization with variable mortgages for many years.

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Little technology: We live surrounded by technology but current homes are not ready to incorporate it. The space reserves necessary to install them are not even foreseen when deemed appropriate without having to carry out costly adaptation works or important modifications in their distribution.

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Low sensitivity to the environment: uncontrolled water and electricity consumption, thermal and acoustic insulation of deficiencies, construction processes that generate a large amount of waste, ...

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Artisanal construction process: Manufacturing defects, slow and expensive execution, low-quality workforce that give rise to subsequent claims by the customer translates into low quality.

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Typology of obsolete housing: Current housing does not offer alternatives that adapt to the different ways of life of families in today's society presenting spaces that are not very consistent with current functional requirements.

The solution involves rethinking the entire design and construction process, incorporating R + D + I processes. It is necessary to analyze from the beginning all the variables that take part taking advantage of the new technologies, in order to project economic, technological, sustainable buildings and with the sufficient typological variety to adapt to the current market demands.

Currently there are some examples of prefabricated modular construction with both metal structure and concrete structure.

EP1700964 and ES2303457A1 show modular construction systems consisting of reinforced concrete construction modules of high strength, to be stacked vertically and placed side by side in the construction of residential buildings preferably.

Each module forms a monolithic structure constituted by a horizontal hearth, four vertical pillars in the corners of the latter, four perimetral upper beams and a slab resting on them as a ceiling.

The modules include placement devices for stacking; lateral connection elements between the modules and / or horizontal and vertical clamping bands.

Description of the invention

A new concept of modular building is proposed, with different ranges of finishing both inside and outside, configurable from a computer program that allows you to evaluate its cost in real time, being able to choose options that can be incorporated easily, even afterwards.

It allows the construction of buildings destined for residential use preferably (both individual and collective), although it is also applicable to hotel, school, hospital and elderly use.

The modular construction system is developed entirely in the factory, including facilities and new technology for which different ranges are also provided that, if not incorporated, can be added later as a kit, even by the user himself through the records intended for the purpose that avoids any type of works.

It is based on independent prefabricated reinforced concrete modules, which is the building's basic unit, designed to develop a basic function in each of them. In the case of a house, there is the bedroom module (N1, N2), the services module (kitchen + bathroom) (S), the living room module (D, D / N), the terrace module (T). .

The housing is obtained from the grouping of several concrete modules and from the grouping of several houses the building is obtained. The assembly of the building consists of the following phases: 1.-Earthworks. 2.-Execution of the foundation. 3.-Execution of sanitation and plumbing connections. 4.-Placement of the different modules, completely finished, that make up the building, including anchoring systems between modules. 5.-Connection of the facilities.

The work on site is simplified, avoiding formwork, concreting, masonry works, disappearing the offices, being only necessary the machinery for the elevation of the modules and the labor to make the assemblies between modules and connection of facilities.

Brief description of the drawings

For the best understanding of what is described in the present report, some drawings are attached in which the execution process is shown, design of each module separately, the grouping of the different modules con fi guring the housing typologies, and the grouping of these configuring different block typologies (In row, in compact block and in closed block).

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Figure 1: It is a perspective view of the base of the housing module that shows the basic components of this piece: slab (1.1), side walls (1.3), corners (1.4) and installation holes (1.5).

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Figure 2: It is a perspective view of the corner of the module base (1.4) with the round welded to it

(2.1) to guarantee its anchoring in the base. -Figure 3: It is a perspective view of the housing module drawer that shows the basic components of

This piece: Slab (3.1), L-pillars (3.4), side walls (3.6), side beams (3.7) and corners (3.5). -Figure 4: It is a perspective view of the corner of the module drawer (3.5) with the round welded to it

(4.1 and 4.2) to ensure its anchorage in the drawer. -Figure 5: It is a perspective view of the corridor slab (5.1) and the support system at the base of the housing module (5.3 and 5.5). -Figure 6: It is a perspective view of two housing modules (6.1), with the corridor (5.1) and with the facade mounting system (6.4 and 6.5). -Figure 7: It is a perspective view of a building with housing modules where the joining pieces between modules are shown: Positioning parts (7.1) and anchoring parts (7.2). -Figure 8: It is a perspective view of the cover module that shows the basic components of this piece: Module base (Same as Figure 1) and bibs (8.1). -Figure 9: It is a perspective view, sectioned, of the ladder module, which shows the basic components of this piece: base (9.1) with transverse support beam (9.4), drawer (9.2) with transverse support beam (9.5 ) and precast concrete stringers (9.3). -Figure 10: It is a perspective view, sectioned, of the elevator module, which shows the basic components

of this piece: Base of the elevator module (10.1) and drawer of the elevator module (10.2). -Figure 11: Example of a floor plan of a block of flats, including stair and elevator modules. -Figure 12: It is a perspective view of a linear block typology.

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Figure 13: It is a perspective view of a compact block typology.

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Figure 14: It is a perspective view of a block type in closed block.

Description of the basic unit

Next, the basic module or unit that makes up the building will be described. It is composed of three pieces:

1.-Base (Figure 1). Of reinforced concrete, it constitutes the floor of each module. It is formed by a slab (1.1) and four “walls” on each side of the slab (1.3). The drawer will form and form on the drawer (Figure 3). The ultimate goal is that base (Figure 1) and drawer (Figure 3) come together and constitute a single rigid and monolithic piece (Figure 6). For this, at the base (Figure 1), we expect armatures on hold (1.2) that will overlap with those in the drawer, giving continuity to the reinforcement and guaranteeing the strength of the concrete joint between the base (Figure 1) and drawer (Figure 3). On the underside of the "walls" located under the base slab, on the smaller sides (1.3) four corners are arranged (base corner) (1.4) so that the distance between the four corners is 6'058 by 2,438 meters, coinciding with the standard measures for road transport with conventional trailers. The corners of the base (1.4) not only guarantee the transport and manipulation of the piece but also the connection between the different adjacent modules, giving unity to the building as a whole. The walls of greater length under the slab of the base have some recesses (1.6) that allow to pass the installations of a module to another one of the same house. To ensure the strong bond between the corner of the base and the base itself, the first one is welded with rounded corrugated steel that are connected to the rest of the base assembly (Figure 2). On one of the smaller sides of the base A series of holes (1.5) closed by a beam (5.5) are foreseen for the passage of the installations and support of the corridor slab (Figure 5).

2.-Drawer (Figure 3). Reinforced concrete, constitutes the roof, facades and side walls of each module. It is formed by an upper slab (3.1), four side walls (3.6), which can incorporate holes, four “L” shaped pillars in the corners (3.4) and two beams on the sides of greater length (3.7) that give greater rigidity to the assembly to absorb the stresses to which the piece will be subjected during the transport and lifting processes. The upper slab has two holes for registration (3.2) to access the chamber formed by supporting one module over another, between the slab of the drawer (3.1) and the slab of the base of the upper module (1.1), allowing the step and connection of the facilities. It also presents a series of recesses (3.3) that serve as a guide to link the installations supported on the drawer with the general installations that run through the holes provided in the base of the module (1.5). Each of the pillars has in its upper part a corner (box corner) (3.5) so that the distance between the four corners is 6'058 by 2,438 meters, coinciding with the standard measures for transport and handling with cranes and therefore with the corners of the base (1.4). The corners of the drawer

(3.5) not only guarantee the transport and handling of the piece but also the connection between the different adjacent modules, joining the corners of the drawer (3.5) with the corners of the base (1.4) of the upper module and the adjacent side modules to through the anchoring parts (7.1) and positioning (7.2) described below. To ensure the strong bond between the corner of the drawer and the drawer itself, the first two steel plates are welded to which, in turn, they are welded round corrugated steel that are linked to the rest of the drawer assembly (Figure 4).

The standby reinforcements located in the base (1.2) overlap with the reinforcement of the pillars and the side walls of the drawer guaranteeing the union between the base (Figure 1) and the drawer (Figure 3). In this way, a high-strength monolithic structure module (6.1) is obtained with the capacity to be stacked and thus constitute complete buildings.

The final measures of this module can be modified according to the requirements and needs of the user, being only necessary to adapt the mold to the specific measures that are desired. Only the positions of the corners of the base and the corners of the drawer will be kept constant, to ensure transport and handling by conventional means.

In each of these concrete parallelepipeds called “modules” a housing activity is developed and assigned (Figure 11): Services module (kitchen + bathroom) (S), day module (D, D / N, T) , night module (N1, N2, ...) Depending on the assigned activity, the module can incorporate prefabricated partitions with metal substructure (11.2) that delimit different spaces (kitchen-distributor-bathroom, bedroom-hallway, ...) .

All modules have the possibility of incorporating in the back a cabinet that can be registered from the corridor through which the building facilities (6.3) run, through the holes (1.5) provided in the base of the module (Figure 1).

This housing module design (6.1) with a closet reservation for registrable installations (6.3), allows great flexibility in organizing and exchanging the different types of homes in the different floors. This alternation allows two plants with three bedrooms, on the upper floor, four studios and on the lower floor two houses with one bedroom and a study, in all cases, all the facilities perfectly tidy and can be raised on one floor. Recordable with its matching verticality.

3.-Corridor (Figure 5). Of reinforced concrete, it is formed by a slab of width equal to that of the base and variable length according to regulations and requirements of the resulting building (5.1). It is supported by the beams of the bases that close the gaps of the facilities and that are located on both sides of the corridor (5.5). In order to avoid direct contact between concretes of different pieces and ensure homogeneous support between the corridor and the base support beams, neoprene bands are placed.

In this way, both the exterior facade and the interior dividing walls between modules and between module and corridor (3.6) are composed of a reinforced concrete sheet that will also act as an interior finishing surface.

The thermal and acoustic insulation required according to regulations will be available, if necessary, on the outside of the module (6.4), as well as the exterior cladding (6.5) that may vary according to the technical needs of the project, the requirements of the developer or of the available budget.

Communication between modules within a home is done through frames or openings (11.3) located on the vertical walls (3.6) of the drawer. In order to hide the joint between modules and ensure tightness, a profile acting as flashing (11.1) is inserted into the communication frame between modules (11.3).

Description of the anchoring and connection systems between modules that make up the buildings

The different modules that are going to con fi gure the building are placed directly on one another and next to each other. Between the slab of the base of a module (1.1) and the slab of the drawer (3.1) of the lower module, as well as between the side walls of the drawers (3.6) of adjacent modules, air chambers are generated that allow the installation to be installed specific to each module and the necessary thermal and acoustic insulation.

In order to avoid the transmission of noise between modules, due to acoustic bridges, in the junction areas (at the base of the pillars and on the sides of these in contact with adjacent modules) neoprene bands are arranged

(6.2) which, in addition, guarantee a more homogeneous support, avoiding direct contact between concretes of different modules.

The stability of the resulting building against unlikely or accidental situations (explosions, seismic movements, ...), is guaranteed by two types of anchoring and connection between modules that, like the corners of the base (1.4) and the corners of the drawer (3.5), are inherited from the port transport and storage systems:

1.-Positioning pieces (7.1): They condition the horizontal movement between modules but not the vertical movement. It consists of a plate (7.1.1) and four cones (7.1.2) welded to it, two on the upper face and two on the lower face. This piece is inserted directly into the lower holes of the corners of the base (2.3) and in the upper corners of the corners of the drawer (4.3).

2.-Anchoring Parts (7.2): They condition the vertical movement and give unity to the building as a whole. It consists of a tie rod (7.2.3), a tensioner at each end (7.2.2) and the connecting piece of the tie rod with the corner (7.2.1). Its geometry allows its use as a horizontal brace, below the corridor slab and as a vertical brace both in the exterior facade and in the separation of the module with the corridor (Figure 7).

Description of the modules that configure vertical communication

Vertical communication is developed through two new modules: ladder and elevator. Both are conceived as modules with the same characteristics as those of housing in terms of manufacturing process, materials, geometry and dimensions. The construction, transport and commissioning of prefabricated elements (staircase and elevator) is similar to the rest of the housing modules.

The stair module and the elevator module become part of the building as one more part of the series, as if it were a housing module having identical dimensions (Figure 9 and 10).

The position and number of stairs and elevators will not depend on geometric conditions but exclusively on regulatory or design requirements, and may not even have the elevator module or leaving the reserve without the machinery that could be placed later, even when in use the building.

1.-Ladder module (Figure 9): It consists of three basic pieces of concrete:

1.1 Base (9.1): With the same geometry as the bases of the housing modules (Figure 1). It has a hole

(9.7) on the slab where the stair stringers (9.3) are located, delimited by three walls (two longitudinal and one transverse) and an internal transverse beam (9.4), which has a recess that allows the support of the prefabricated stride of the stairs (9.3).

1.2 Drawer (9.2): With the same geometry as the drawers of the housing modules. It has a hole in the slab (9.6) that coincides with that of the base (9.7) where the stair stringers are located (9.3). Located at medium height, on the side of shorter length adjacent to the hole (9.6), it has a transverse beam (9.5) that allows the intermediate support of the stair stringers (9.3) while defining the gap for the lighting and ventilation of this module (Figure 9).

1.3 Stair stride (9.3): Precast concrete piece that is placed through the gaps of the base (9.7) and the drawer (9.6) based on a series of transverse beams (9.4 and 9.5) that guarantee the stability of the piece.

The connection system between the different parts that make up the ladder module and the anchoring system between these modules in vertical and with the adjacent modules in horizontal is the same as in the housing modules (Figure 7).

2.-Elevator module (Figure 10): It consists of two basic pieces of concrete:

2.1 Base (10.1): With the same geometry as the bases of the housing modules (Figure 1). It has two holes (10.4) in the slab, where the elevator is located, which can be installed during the work or later, and the skid for the forced ventilation of the garage, if any.

2.2 Drawer (10.2): With the same geometry as the drawers of the housing modules (Figure 3). It has two holes (10.3) in the slab, which coincide in position and use with those of the base (10.4).

The connection system between the different parts that make up the elevator module and the anchoring system between these modules in vertical and with the adjacent modules in horizontal is the same as in the housing modules (Figure 7).

Description of the modules that make up the roof of the building

They are made up of “base” pieces exactly the same as those of the housing modules (Figure 1), coinciding in their measurements with the lower modules.

On the base slab (1.1), four “walls” (8.1) are concreted exactly the same as those of the base (1.3), so that the piece is symmetrical with respect to the plane of the slab (1.1). These walls (8.1) constitute the breastplates, delimiting the cover cloths (Figure 8). At the points where it coincides with the downpipes, holes are provided to connect directly to the general network (8.3). In this way it is not necessary to drill the bases and avoid possible water leaks in the homes.

In the walls of the base of the roof module (1.3) and on the roof breastplates (8.1) located on the sides of shorter length, four upper and four lower corners (8.2) are arranged, located in the same way as in the housing modules, so that the rectangle formed by joining the four corners measures exactly

6,058 x 2,438 m., Coinciding with the position of the corners in the sea containers. With this arrangement it is possible to transport, lift and manipulate the module with conventional means used in maritime transport.

In the joints between adjacent module cover modules (8.1), end pieces (8.4) are provided which ensures the seal of the joint between adjacent cover modules (Figure 8).

The system allows to have different types of roof, depending on the intended use for this area (landscaped roof, inverted with gravel finish, passable, ...).

The anchoring system between these modules and the lower modules and the adjacent horizontal modules is the same as in the housing modules (Figure 7), that is, by means of positioning parts (7.1) and anchoring parts (7.2).

Description of building typologies

The set of elements that make up the modular construction system allows its combination with absolute freedom both vertically and horizontally, which allows it to adjust to the specific expectations of each case from various points of view:

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Characteristics of the plot.

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Building typology allowed in Urban Ordinances.

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Market Demand

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Economic resources.

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Forecasts of deadlines.

The grouping of all the modules described above allows, among others, the following constructive typologies:

1.-Isolated single-family: Corresponds to the typology that has usually been called isolated single-family housing that is often used in urbanizations or peripheral areas of cities.

The housing modules can be arranged aligned next to each other or taking advantage of the corridor piece to organize the housing around it with rooms on either side.

This system would allow new modules to be added later to increase the housing surface. The final image of the building will depend on the type of facade panel chosen, prefabricated panel, curtain wall, lightened facades, ...

2.-Semi-detached or linear block grouping (Figure 11 and 12):

Corresponds to the typology that has usually been called "in a row" either single-family or collective in height that is usually used in widening areas of cities that are in the consolidation phase. The housing modules are arranged aligned to both sides of the corridor. The length and number of floors of the block will depend on the regulatory requirements and the needs of the

client.

The stair and elevator modules (if any) are placed next to the housing modules, such as one more module without altering the modulation of homes. Depending on the number of homes, at least one module for rooms must be provided on the ground floor

technicians (water and electricity). The final image of the building will depend on the type of facade panel chosen, precast concrete panel, curtain wall, lightened facades, ...

3.-Compact block (Figure 13):

It corresponds to the typology that has usually been called “in block” or “in height”.

The housing modules are arranged around a central space composed of a stair module (Figure 9) and the corridor (5.1).

Around this central space, six homes are distributed per floor.

The typologies of the houses are multiple allowing a large number of combinations, and may vary from one floor to another. This alternation allows "breaking" the corners of the block creating terraces of surface equivalent to a module, creating a dynamic final image in which the design and exterior shape of the building is incorporated as another variant.

On the Ground Floor, a module must be reserved, which acts as a hall, and allows access to the common central area and, depending on the number of homes, at least one other module for technical rooms (water and electricity, telecommunications ...).

The final image of the building will depend on the type of facade panel chosen, precast concrete panel, curtain wall, lightened facades, ...

4.-Block in closed block (Figure 14):

Corresponds to the typology that has usually been called "in closed block" with common area of leisure, games and sports.

For the con fi guration of the block in a closed block, one starts from the attached group or in a linear block (Figure 11 and 12).

Four independent blocks are organized in the form of a ring, creating a common central leisure and recreation space with swimming pools, green areas, sports courts, ...

A reserve module for technical rooms (water, electricity, telecommunications, ...) is provided for each core of stairs.

The final image of the building will depend on the type of facade panel chosen, and the exterior to the interior of the interior to the common interior area may be different.

Description of an embodiment

The system is composed of modular pieces of high-strength reinforced concrete (6.1). The construction of these is done through a factory mechanized formwork system that allows its reuse in the construction of new parts.

The mechanical formwork is formed by inner plates and outer plates. These plates are powered by hydraulic systems that perform the formwork and formwork actions.

The formwork has been designed to obtain the reinforced concrete parts described in the description section of the invention.

Once the concrete part has been made in the factory and, depending on the latter, of services, day or night, the corresponding installations for each of the modules will be assembled. Each module is ready to be transported to its final location, incorporating all the finishes with their corresponding facilities.

The habitable modules are complemented with others to form the building as a whole, already having all the facilities integrated since its manufacture, such as sanitary, electrical, home automation, heating, air conditioning, and others. The modules form habitable rooms, containing all the facilities and finishes necessary for their use.

The vertical communication modules use the same type of formwork as the habitable modules, but adapted to the variations that these have in their geometry in order to be able to place the flights of stairs, in the stair module, and the machinery of the elevator and other installations in the elevator module.

The buildings developed are the result of the combination of industrialized modules. Its weight and measurements allow transport through conventional means.

Facade

Each housing module consists of two parts, "base" (Figure 1) and "drawer" (Figure 3) rigidly joined (6.1) guaranteeing the length of overlap of the reinforcements of each part (1.2).

The facade enclosure consists of an inner concrete sheet (3.6) that is obtained from the mold of the “drawer” (Figure 3). Inside the module, an optimum surface finish is obtained, on which it would only be necessary to paint, in case of not wanting to leave the concrete seen. On the outside it acts as a support base for the thermal insulation (6.4) necessary to reach the values required by applicable regulations and for an external coating

(6.5) which may vary according to the final image that is to be given to the set, phenolic, aluminum, ceramic, precast concrete panels, curtain walls.

Each module that receives abroad has its facade enclosure according to the design established in the building project.

Covered

They consist of “base” pieces (Figure 1) exactly the same as those of the housing modules, coinciding in their measurements with the lower modules.

At the points where it coincides with the downpipes, holes (8.3) are provided to connect directly to the general network. In this way it is not necessary to drill the bases and avoid possible water filtration.

The system allows to have different types of roof, from the simple roof, to be used as a service area or facilities, to the landscaped roof with cistern, through the wooden finished roof for the terraces of the houses.

Industrial application

The uses and applications of the modular construction system presented are derived from the previous sections.

Claims (60)

1. Construction system of prefabricated reinforced concrete parts characterized in that it comprises:

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Housing module (6.1) comprising:

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A "base" or floor of the reinforced concrete module comprising: A reinforced concrete slab (1.1). Four reinforced concrete walls (1.3) located on the sides of the slab (1.1). Four corners embedded in the base of the "walls" (1.4). Armor waiting to overlap with the drawer reinforcement (1.2) so that it is constituted,

with both pieces (base + drawer), a rigid and resistant module.

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A "drawer" or roof and walls of the reinforced concrete module comprising: A reinforced concrete slab (3.1). Four vertical concrete walls that make up a rectangular rectangular parallelepiped and that

they incorporate gaps (3.6). Four pillars with “L” section of reinforced concrete (3.4). Four corners embedded in the head of the pillars (3.5).

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A closet for the passage of facilities (6.3).

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Neoprene bands at the head of pillars and between modules (6.2).

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Thermal insulation on drawer walls in contact with outer space. (6.4).

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Exterior cladding with variable façade. (6.5).

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Reinforced concrete corridor slab (5.1) supported on the base of the adjacent housing modules.

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Cover module, which includes.

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A "base" or reinforced concrete module floor.

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Cover types that delimit the module (8.1).

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Binding of bibs between adjacent modules (8.4). -Pieces of connection between modules that comprise.

• Positioning parts (7.1).

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Anchorage pieces (7.2). - Vertical communication modules, stairs and elevator that comprise.

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A "base" or floor of the module (9.1 for the stairs and 10.1 for the elevator).

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A “drawer” or roof and walls of the module (9.2 for the staircase and 10.2 for the elevator).

2.

The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the reinforced concrete slab of the base (1.1) comprises, in its entire perimeter, vertical stand-by reinforcements (1.2) to overlap with the reinforcement of the pillars and walls of the drawer and thus constitute a rigid union. In this way, a high-strength monolithic structure module with the capacity to be stacked (6.1) and thus constitute complete buildings is obtained.

3.

The construction system of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the walls that delimit the slab by its lower face (1.3), in its upper part, are flush with the upper face of the base slab (1.1).

Four.

The constructive system of claims 1-3, characterized in that the walls (1.3), in their lower part, are inclined with respect to the underside of the base slab (1.1) in order to create a technical chamber, between the slab of the base of a module (1.1) and the slab of the drawer (3.1) of the lower module, where to pick up the installations of each module and incorporate the necessary insulations.

5.

The construction system of claims 1-4, characterized in that the walls located on the longer sides of the base (1.3) have a recess (1.6) that allows the installations of a module to be passed to the adjacent one, joining all the modules of a same housing.

6.

The construction system of claims 1-5, characterized in that the walls (1.3) located on the smaller sides of the slab, have two cast steel corners (1.4) embedded in its lower face, arranged so as to ensure their handling and transport by standardized means.

7.

The construction system of claims 1-6, characterized in that the corners (1.4) are arranged so that the rectangle formed by joining the four corners is exactly 6,058 x 2,438 m., Coinciding with the position of the corners in the sea containers. .

8.

The construction system of claim 1-7, characterized in that the base corner (1.4) has 4 round welded corrugated steel (2.1), one at each corner of the corner, which is embedded in the concrete wall of the base ( 1.3), they guarantee that it cannot be started due to the efforts that it must endure during the handling of the module in the construction phase and during the useful life of the building.

9.

The construction system of claims 1-8, characterized in that, attached to one of the smaller sides of the base, it comprises:

Two primary longitudinal beams (5.3) located at each end of one of the smaller sides of the base. A plurality of secondary longitudinal beams (5.4), arranged between the primary longitudinal beams (5.3), parallel to these. A transverse beam (5.5). 10. The construction system of claim 1-9, characterized in that the primary longitudinal beams (5.3) are extensions of the major sides of the base and its edge is equal to the height of the walls (1.3) plus the thickness of the slab of the base (1.1). 11. The construction system of claims 1-10, characterized in that the ends of the transverse beam (5.5) rely on the primary longitudinal beams (5.3), so that the lower faces of both beams (primary longitudinal (5.3) and transverse (5.5)) are aligned, and their height is equal to the height of the walls ( 1.3), allowing the support of the corridor slab (5.1). 12. The construction system of claims 1-11, characterized in that the secondary longitudinal beams (5.4) are arranged perpendicular to the transverse beam (5.5), creating a series of holes (1.5) through which, later, the general facilities of the building will run and its height is equal to the height of the base walls (1.3). 13. The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the reinforced concrete slab of the drawer

(3.1)

It has two holes (3.2) that allow to record the technical chamber that is generated by supporting the base of a module on the bottom module drawer.

14. The construction system of claim 13, characterized in that the reinforced concrete slab of the drawer

(3.1)

It presents a series of recesses (3.3) that serve as a guide to link the installations supported on the drawer with the general installations that run through the holes provided in the base of the module (1.5).

15. The construction system of claims 13-14, characterized in that the pillars with "L" section (3.4) of the drawer, in its upper part, are flush with the upper face of the drawer slab (3.1).

16.

The construction system of claims 13-16, characterized in that each of the "L" section pillars of the drawer (3.4) has a cast steel canton (3.5) embedded in its upper face, arranged so as to guarantee its handling and transport by standardized means.

17.

The construction system of claim 13-16, characterized in that the corners (3.5) are arranged on the smaller sides of the drawer, flush with the inside face of the "L" pillars (3.4), so that the rectangle that forms joining the four corners is exactly 6'058 x 2'438 m., coinciding with the position of the corners in the sea containers.

18. The construction system of claim 13-17, characterized in that the corner of the drawer (3.5) is welded with 2 steel plates (4.5) to which 4 round corrugated steel (4.1) are welded, two per plate (4.5) and tied together by corrugated steel stirrups (4.2), which, embedded in the concrete pillar of the drawer (3.4), guarantee that it cannot be torn off due to the efforts that it must endure during the handling of the module in phase of construction and during the useful life of the building.

19.

The construction system of claim 13-18, characterized in that the longer sides of the drawer, between the "L" pillars (3.4), have reinforced concrete walls (3.6), of smaller thickness than the L-pillars (3.4 ), aligned with these by its inner face, so that between adjacent modules (6.1) cameras are created to accommodate the necessary acoustic and thermal insulation.

twenty.

The construction system of claim 13-19, characterized in that the sides of greater length of the drawer have a beam (3.7) of the same thickness as the pillars (3.4) and edge greater than that of the slab of the drawer (3.1) which gives rigidity of the assembly against the stresses caused during the handling and transport of the modules.

twenty-one.

The construction system of claim 13-20, characterized in that the shorter sides of the drawer, between the "L" pillars (3.4), have reinforced concrete walls (3.6), of smaller thickness than the "L" pillars (3.4), aligned with them by its outer face, acting as the inner sheet of the outer enclosure and the mediatrix between the housing module (6.1) and the corridor (5.1), in addition to supporting thermal and acoustic insulation

(6.4) of both enclosures and the final lining (6.5). 22. The construction system of claims 1-21, characterized in that the trusses are waiting for the base (1.2) overlap with the reinforcement of the pillars (3.4) and walls of the drawer (3.6) so that, when concreting it, it is monolithically attached to the base, both elements constituting a single piece (6.1) with sufficient rigidity to absorb the efforts to which it will be subjected during its manufacture and useful life.

2. 3.

The construction system of claims 1-22, characterized in that the L-pillars (3.4), in its upper part and on the sides comprise neoprene bands (6.2) that ensure correct support and leveling with both the upper modules and with the sides, avoiding direct contact between concretes of different pieces

24.

The construction system of claims 1-23, characterized in that the outer enclosure comprises an outer cladding (6.5), fastened by metal substructure to the reinforced concrete wall (3.6), which acts as the inner sheet of the enclosure. The outer coating may vary depending on the type of material chosen. Between the outer lining (6.5) and the concrete wall (3.6) the necessary thermal insulation (6.4) is placed.

25.

The construction system of claims 1 -24, characterized in that the corridor slab (5.1) has grooves in its corners (5.2) that allow it to rest on the cross beam of the base of the module (5.5), engaging between the two beams Primary longitudinal of the module base (5.3).

26.

The construction system of claim 25, characterized in that the thickness of the corridor slab (5.1) coincides with the thickness of the slab of the base of the module (1.1), so that the upper face of both slabs are at the same level , eliminating unevenness between the corridor (5.1) and the housing module (6.1).

27.

The construction system of claims 25-26, characterized in that it comprises neoprene bands on the cross beam of the base (5.5), which ensures the correct support and leveling of the corridor slab (5.1) on the housing modules (6.1) .

28.

The construction system of claims 1-27, characterized in that it comprises a technical cabinet (6.3) that protects the installations located in the gaps (1.5) between the primary longitudinal beams (5.3), secondary

(5.4) and cross beam (5.5) of the base of the slab. All installation holes (1.5) are recordable from the corridor (5.1).

29.

The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the positioning pieces (7.1) comprise a cast steel plate (7.1.1) and four cast steel cones (7.1.2), welded to the plate (7.1.1) by Its two faces, two to two.

30

The construction system of claims 1-29, characterized in that the base corner (1.4) has a recess in its lower face (2.3) where one of the cones (7.1.2) of the positioning piece is introduced

(7.1) welded on the upper face of the steel plate (7.1.1), avoiding horizontal displacements between modules (6.1) contiguous.

31.

The construction system of claims 1-30, characterized in that the corner of the drawer (3.5) has a hole in its upper face (4.3) where one of the cones (7.1.2) of the welded positioning part (7.1) is introduced on the underside of the steel plate (7.1.1), avoiding horizontal displacements between adjacent modules (6.1).

32

The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring parts (7.2) comprise a tie rod (7.2.3), two tensioners (7.2.2) located at each end of the tie rod and the tensioner joining parts with the corners of the modules (7.2.1).

33.

The construction system of claims 1-32, characterized in that the base corner (1.4) has a recess in its front lateral face (2.2) where the connecting piece between the tensioner and the corner (7.2.1) is introduced. It is part of the anchoring piece (7.2), avoiding vertical displacements between modules of the same building and giving unity to the whole assembly that constitutes the building.

3. 4.

The construction system of claims 1-33, characterized in that the corner of the drawer (3.5) has a hole in its front side face (4.4) where the connecting piece between the tensioner and the corner (7.2.1) forming part of the anchoring piece (7.2), avoiding vertical displacements between modules of the same building.

35

The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the cover module comprises a reinforced concrete breastplate (8.1) that is located throughout the perimeter of the base and joins it with the overlap of the breastplate reinforcements and the reinforcements Waiting for the base (1.2).

36.

The construction system of claim 35, characterized in that the breastplates of the smaller sides of the cover modules (8.1) have two cast steel roof corners (8.2) embedded in their upper face, arranged so as to ensure their handling and transport by conventional means.

37.

The construction system of claims 35-36, characterized in that the cover corners (8.2) are arranged so that the rectangle formed by joining the four corners measures exactly 6,058 x 2,438 m., Coinciding with the position of the corners in the sea containers, so that it can be transported, hoisted and handled by conventional means.

38.

The construction system of claims 35-37, characterized in that the cover module comprises a circular hole (8.3) in the breastplate (8.1) adjacent to the installation holes (1.5) to connect each cover module with the evacuation network of stormwater.

39.

The construction system of claims 35-38, characterized in that the cover module comprises end pieces (8.4) on the side walls (8.1) that ensures the seal of the joint between cover modules.

40

The construction system of claims 35-39, characterized in that each roof module comprises slope concrete, waterproofing, thermal insulation, and finishing layer, which will depend on the final solution chosen (gravel finish, passable roof with flooring or wood, ...)

41.

The construction system of any of claims 1-39, characterized in that, in addition, the housing modules (6.1) comprise internal partitions (11.2) to con fi gure a distribution of the dwelling.

42. The construction system of claims 1-41, characterized in that in addition the housing modules (6.1) comprise interior profiles (11.1) that embedded in frames of module-module connection openings (11.3) act as flashing. 43. The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the vertical connection module, ladder, comprises a rectangular rectangular parallelepiped formed by a base (9.1), a drawer (9.2) and the prefabricated concrete stair stringers (9.3). 44. The construction system of claim 43, characterized in that the base (9.1) has a transverse beam (9.4) that delimits the stairwell and allows the support of the prefabricated staircase stringers (9.3).

Four. Five.

The construction system of claims 43-44, characterized in that the transverse beam (9.4) has a height equal to the height of the base (9.1) minus the thickness of the base slab, moving with respect to the latter towards the hollow of the ladder, in order to create a support area for the stair stringers (9.3).

46.

The construction system of claim 43-45, characterized in that the reinforced concrete slab of the base of the ladder module (9.1) comprises, in all its perimeter, vertical reinforcement waiting to overlap with the reinforcement of the pillars and walls of the drawer (9.2) and thus constitute a rigid union. In this way, a high-strength monolithic structure module with the capacity to be stacked and thus constitute complete buildings is obtained.

47

The construction system of claim 43-46, characterized in that the drawer of the ladder module (9.2) has a hole (9.6) that coincides with that of the base (9.7) and allows the installation of the prefabricated ladder stringers (9.3) .

48.

The construction system of claim 43-47, characterized in that the drawer of the ladder module (9.2) has a transverse beam (9.5) located halfway up the side of the drawer length (9.2) adjacent to the gap (9.6) which serves as an intermediate support for the prefabricated stair stringers (9.3).

49.

The construction system of claims 43-48, characterized in that the shorter wall of the drawer of the ladder module (9.2), under the transverse beam (9.5) supporting the stair stringers (9.3), has a gap ( 9.8), in order to guarantee the lighting and ventilation of the stairs.

fifty.

The construction system of claim 43-49, characterized in that it comprises neoprene bands in the transverse beam of the base (9.4) of the ladder module and in the transverse beam of the drawer (9.5) of the ladder module, with the purpose of guarantee the correct support and leveling of the stair stringers (9.3).

51.

The construction system of claim 1, characterized in that the vertical connection module, elevator, comprises a rectangular rectangular parallelepiped formed by a base (10.1) and a concrete drawer (10.2).

52. The construction system of claim 51, characterized in that the base slab (10.1) has two holes (10.4) where the elevator and the forced ventilation ducts of the garage and premises will be installed.

53.

The construction system of claims 51-52, characterized in that the reinforced concrete slab of the base of the elevator module (10.1) comprises, in all its perimeter, vertical stand-by reinforcements (1.2) to overlap with the reinforcement of the pillars and walls of the drawer (10.2) and thus constitute a rigid union. In this way, a high-strength monolithic structure module with the capacity to be stacked and thus constitute complete buildings is obtained.

54

The construction system of claims 51-53, characterized in that the slab of the elevator module drawer can have two gaps (10.3), which coincide in size and position with those of the base of the elevator module (10.4).

55.

The construction system of claims 1-54, characterized in that it comprises a series of habitable modules (6.1) whose combination results in different types of housing.

56.

The construction system of claims 1-55, characterized in that the different types of blocks, linear, tower, in block are obtained from the union of the different types of housing according to claim 55, and from the vertical stair and elevator communication modules. closed, ...

  ���������������   SPANISH OFFICE OF THE PATENTS AND BRAND Application no .: 201100888 SPAIN Date of submission of the application: 28.07.2011 Priority Date: REPORT ON THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE 51 Int. Cl.: E04B1 / 348 (2006.01) RELEVANT DOCUMENTS

Category

Documents cited Claims Affected

TO

EN 2284306 A1 (COMPACT HABIT S L) 01.11.2007, 1-56

column 1, line 43 - column 4, line 17; Figures 1-24.

TO

EP 1184521 A1 (BAUR THIERRY et al.) 06.03.2002, 1-56

column 1, line 3 - column 3, line 53; Figures 1-16.

TO

FR 1481428 A (COTTBUS WOHNUNGSBAU) 19.05.1967, 1-56

pages 1-4; Figures 1-4.

TO

US 3871146 A (HAMY NORBERT) 18.03.1975, 1-56

column 2, line 8 - column 4, line 58; Figures 1-14.

TO

FR 2430487 A1 (MAIOLI AMOS) 01.02.1980, 1-56

page 1, line 1 - page 3, line 9; Figures 1-6.

TO

WO 9840573 A1 (CONCRETE VOLUMES SWEDEN AB et al.) 17.09.1998, 1-56

page 2, lines 8-29; Figures 1-6.

TO

US 4599829 A (DIMARTINO SR JOHN M) 15.07.1986, 1-56

column 2, line 1 - column 3, line 34; Figures 1-14.

Category of the documents cited X: of particular relevance Y: of particular relevance combined with other / s of the same category A: reflects the state of the art O: refers to unwritten disclosure P: published between the priority date and the date of priority submission of the application E: previous document, but published after the date of submission of the application

This report has been prepared • for all claims • for claims no:

Date of realization of the report 08.11.2011

Examiner M. R. Revuelta Pollán Page 1/4

REPORT OF THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE Application number: 201100888 Minimum documentation searched (classification system followed by classification symbols) E04B Electronic databases consulted during the search (name of the database and, if possible, terms of search used) INVENES, EPODOC, WPI, PAJ State of the Art Report Page 2/4  WRITTEN OPINION Application number: 201100888 Date of Written Opinion: 08.11.2011 Statement

Novelty (Art. 6.1 LP 11/1986)

Claims Claims 1-56 IF NOT

Inventive activity (Art. 8.1 LP11 / 1986)

Claims Claims 1-56 IF NOT

The application is considered to comply with the industrial application requirement. This requirement was evaluated during the formal and technical examination phase of the application (Article 31.2 Law 11/1986).  Opinion Base.- This opinion has been made on the basis of the patent application as published. State of the Art Report Page 3/4  WRITTEN OPINION Application number: 201100888 1. Documents considered.- The documents belonging to the state of the art taken into consideration for the realization of this opinion are listed below.

Document

Publication or Identification Number publication date

D01

EN 2284306 A1 (COMPACT HABIT S L) 01.11.2007

D02

EP 1184521 A1 (BAUR THIERRY et al.) 06.03.2002

D03

FR 1481428 A (COTTBUS WOHNUNGSBAU) 05/19/1967

D04

US 3871146 A (HAMY NORBERT) 18.03.1975

D05

FR 2430487 A1 (MAIOLI AMOS) 01.02.1980

D06

WO 9840573 A1 (CONCRETE VOLUMES SWEDEN AB et al.) 17.09.1998

D07

US 4599829 A (DIMARTINO SR JOHN M) 15.07.1986

2. Statement motivated according to articles 29.6 and 29.7 of the Regulations for the execution of Law 11/1986, of March 20, on Patents on novelty and inventive activity; quotes and explanations in support of this statement Claim 1 of the patent under study describes a construction system of precast reinforced concrete parts comprising: 1. a housing module composed of:

-

A reinforced concrete base comprising: a reinforced concrete slab, four reinforced concrete walls located on the sides of the slab, four corners embedded in the base of the walls, reinforcement waiting to overlap with the drawer reinforcements.

-

A drawer (ceiling and walls) of reinforced concrete comprising: a slab of reinforced concrete, four vertical concrete walls that incorporate gaps, four pillars with "L" section of reinforced concrete, four corners embedded in the head of the pillars

-

A closet for passage of facilities

-

Neoprene bands on pillar head and between modules

-

Thermal insulation on drawer walls in contact with outer space

-

Variable facade exterior cladding

-

Reinforced concrete corridor slab supported at the base of the adjacent housing modules

2.

 Cover module

3.

 Connecting pieces between modules consisting of positioning parts and anchoring parts

Four.

 Vertical communication modules, stairs and elevator composed of a base and a drawer (ceiling and walls)

The documents of the prior art are documents D01-D08 show construction systems of parts precast reinforced concrete, but none of these documents show the set of these technical characteristics and in general the main differences with the patent under study is that none of the documents show a basis concrete that joins the drawer by means of trusses waiting to overlap with the trusses of the drawer, a closet for installation step incorporated in the module, neoprene bands in pillar head and between modules. Thus, the claimed invention implies an improved effect compared to the state of the art. In addition, it is not considered Obviously, a person skilled in the art obtains the invention from the documents mentioned above. Claims 2-56 depend directly or indirectly on claim 1 and describe in more detail each of the parts of the construction system. Conclusion: The invention claimed in claims 1-56 meets the requirements of novelty, inventive activity and application industrial. State of the Art Report Page 4/4