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EP2503575A1 - Method and device for diagnosing an actuator and actuator comprising such a device - Google Patents

Method and device for diagnosing an actuator and actuator comprising such a device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2503575A1
EP2503575A1 EP12354013A EP12354013A EP2503575A1 EP 2503575 A1 EP2503575 A1 EP 2503575A1 EP 12354013 A EP12354013 A EP 12354013A EP 12354013 A EP12354013 A EP 12354013A EP 2503575 A1 EP2503575 A1 EP 2503575A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
coil
supply
diagnostic device
diagnostic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12354013A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2503575B1 (en
Inventor
Mustapha Chelloug
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP2503575A1 publication Critical patent/EP2503575A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2503575B1 publication Critical patent/EP2503575B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/0062—Testing or measuring non-electrical properties of switches, e.g. contact velocity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/052—Controlling, signalling or testing correct functioning of a switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • H01H47/06—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current by changing number of serially-connected turns or windings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of diagnosing an actuator comprising a coil and a coil power control device, in particular an electric circuit breaker actuator. It also relates to a device for diagnosing the supply of a coil of an actuator for carrying out the diagnostic method. It also relates to an actuator comprising a coil and at least one such diagnostic device. Finally, it relates to a computer program comprising a computer program code means adapted to the execution of steps of the diagnostic method.
  • Actuators are known for controlling the opening and closing of circuit breakers and which today consist of an integrated control electronics associated with an electromagnet coil.
  • the role of this electronics has allowed to add features that have mainly reduced the volume of the actuator.
  • This control means can not be used on actuators controlled by electronics, it gives no information on the state of the actuator: but only information on its presence.
  • the objective of the invention is therefore to verify that the winding is not cut or short-circuited and that the electronics are not faulty.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a diagnostic method for overcoming the problems mentioned above and improving the methods known from the prior art.
  • the invention proposes a simple, economical, efficient diagnostic method making it possible to verify that the winding is not cut or short-circuited and / or that the control electronics are not faulty.
  • the step of controlling a power supply of the actuator comprises activating a power control element of the actuator.
  • the step of controlling a coil feed includes activating a feed control member of the spool.
  • the step of monitoring, at the level of the diagnostic device, an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal comprises determining an intensity of a current flowing in a line. supplying the actuator or determining a voltage across a resistive element traversed by the current flowing in a supply line of the actuator.
  • the step of deducing a diagnosis of the actuator comprises a temporal analysis of the variations of the electrical characteristic.
  • the hardware and / or software means comprise a control element for supplying the actuator.
  • the hardware and / or software means comprise an element for monitoring an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal, said element being an element for determining an intensity of a current flowing in a supply line of the actuator or an element for determining a voltage across a resistive element traversed by the current flowing in a supply line of the actuator.
  • the hardware and / or software means comprise a deduction element of a diagnosis of the actuator, said element being an element of temporal analysis of the variations of the electrical characteristic of the electrical signal.
  • the hardware and / or software means comprise a control element of the supply of the coil.
  • the hardware and / or software means comprise an element for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the coil and an element for analyzing the intensity of the current flowing in the coil.
  • the hardware and / or software means comprise an element for determining a supply voltage of the coil and an element for analyzing the supply voltage of the coil.
  • An actuator according to the invention comprising a coil and at least one control device comprises a diagnostic device as defined above.
  • the diagnostic device and composed of two separate devices, a first diagnostic device and a second control device.
  • a computer program according to the invention comprises computer program code means adapted to the execution of steps of the method as defined above, when the program is executed on a computer.
  • This system mainly comprises an actuator 2, in particular an electric circuit breaker actuator, a device 3 for diagnosing the state of the actuator and a switch 4 for activating the actuator 2, such as a push button.
  • the actuator 2 is connected in series with the switch 4 on a power line 10 between the phase P and neutral N terminals of an electrical network, such as the commercial electricity network.
  • an electrical network such as the commercial electricity network.
  • the power supply, and therefore the activation of the actuator is controlled by the switch 4.
  • actuation of the switch makes it possible to apply the voltage of the network directly to the terminals 7 of the actuator.
  • the diagnostic device 3 is connected by power supply terminals 5 directly to the phase P and neutral N terminals of the electrical network.
  • the diagnostic device is connected by terminals 6 to the terminals of the switch 4, that is to say in parallel with the switch.
  • the diagnostic device allows the supply of the actuator by short-circuiting the switch.
  • the diagnostic device could supply the actuator by directly applying a voltage generated by the diagnostic device between the terminals 7 of the actuator.
  • the supply of the actuator via the diagnostic device is performed periodically, for example once an hour, especially once an hour for 30 ms.
  • the actuator emits an electrical signal which is received by the diagnostic device and which makes it possible to determine the state of the actuator.
  • the diagnostic device 3 preferably comprises a power supply 31, an actuator power control element 32, 36, an element 33, 37 for monitoring an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal supplying the actuator and an element 38 deduction of a diagnosis of the actuator.
  • the actuator power control element 32, 36 may comprise a first controlled switch 36, controlled by a control means 36, for example included in a microcontroller 39.
  • the element 33, 37 for monitoring an electrical characteristic of the electric signal supplying the actuator may comprise an element 33, 37 for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the line supplying the actuator or an element 33 of the determining a voltage across a resistive element 37 traversed by the current flowing in the line supplying the actuator.
  • the element 33 may in particular be included in the microcontroller.
  • the element 38 of deduction of a diagnosis of the actuator may comprise an element of temporal analysis of the variations of the electrical characteristic of the actuator.
  • electrical signal supplying the actuator in particular an element for analyzing variations in the intensity of the current absorbed in the actuator in a time window.
  • the controlled switch and the resistive element are in series on the line for supplying the actuator. They can be arranged in series between terminals 6.
  • the diagnostic device may comprise a user interface, such as a light indicator making it possible to inform a user of the existence of a problem, in particular a state problem of the actuator.
  • the diagnostic device may also include terminals 35 to which a user interface device may be connected.
  • the actuator 2 mainly comprises a control device 22 and an electromagnet 21.
  • the electromagnet comprises for example a first call coil 211 and a second holding coil 212.
  • the coils are for example connected in series.
  • the control device mainly comprises a converter 221 making it possible to convert the electric supply signal of the actuator into an electrical signal adapted to the supply of the electromagnet, a logic processing unit 225 such as a microcontroller, a power supply 223 and a voltage regulator 224 for supplying this logic processing unit, an element 225, 226 for controlling the supply of the first coil, an element 225, 228 for controlling the power supply of the series assembly of the first and second coils , an element 225, 227 for determining a intensity of a current flowing in the first coil, an element 225, 229 for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the series assembly of the first and second coils, an element 225 for analyzing the intensities of the currents flowing in the coils, an element 222 for determining a supply voltage of the coils and a means for analyzing the supply voltage of the coil.
  • a logic processing unit 225 such as a microcontroller
  • a power supply 223 and a voltage regulator 224 for supplying this logic processing unit
  • the converter 221 typically includes a protection circuit, a filter and a rectification circuit.
  • the logic processing unit is powered by the power supply 223 via the voltage regulator 224.
  • the power supply is itself powered by the output of the converter 221.
  • the element for determining the supply voltage of the coils comprises a voltage divider 222 whose intermediate terminal is driving the logic processing unit.
  • the element 225, 226 for controlling the supply of the first coil preferably comprises a switch 226 controlled by the logic processing unit 225.
  • the control element 228, 225 of the power supply of the first coil The series assembly of the first and second coils preferably comprises a switch 228 controlled by the logic processing unit 225.
  • the element 225, 227 for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the first coil 211 preferably comprises a resistor 227 connected in series with the first coil and the controlled switch 226.
  • a terminal of the resistor 227 is connected to a mass.
  • the potential of the other terminal of the resistor drives an input of the logical processing unit.
  • the element 225, 229 for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the assembly comprising the first and second coils preferably comprises a resistor 229 connected in series with the first and second coils and the controlled switch 228.
  • a terminal of the resistor 229 is connected to a ground.
  • the potential of the other terminal of the resistor drives an input of the logical processing unit.
  • This second embodiment of the control device is preferably intended to be applied when the output voltage of the converter 221 remains below a first voltage threshold, for example 100 V.
  • a second embodiment of actuator 2 ' is described below with reference to the figure 4 .
  • This second embodiment of FIG. control device is preferably intended to be applied when the output voltage of the converter 221 exceeds a first voltage threshold, for example 100 V.
  • control device An embodiment detail of the control device according to the second embodiment is described below with reference to the figure 5 .
  • a controlled switch 303 is connected in series with the holding coil 212 and a Zener diode 307 between the terminals of the converter 221.
  • a series circuit of a diode 308 and a capacitor 309 is connected in parallel with the Zener diode.
  • Serial mounting of the controlled switch 228 and the measuring resistor 229 is also connected in parallel with the Zener diode.
  • the controlled switch 303 is connected to the logic processing unit 225 and to an output terminal of the converter 221 via a pull-up resistor 302. Thus, as soon as the converter 221 supplies a voltage, the controlled switch 303 is closed.
  • a diode 304 is connected in parallel with the holding coil.
  • the controlled switch 228 is controlled by the logic processing unit 225 and thus makes it possible to short-circuit the Zener diode to measure, at the level of the resistor 229, the current flowing in the holding coil 212. that the diode 308 makes it possible to prevent a current supplied by the capacitor 309 from circulating in the resistor 229 when the controlled switch 228 is closed.
  • the voltage developed across the Zener diode enables the capacitor 309 to be charged to produce an electrical signal supplying the energy required for the power supply 223.
  • the logic processing unit can regulate the power supply current of the holding coil regularly, for example every 312 ⁇ s: the switch 303 being closed, it suffices to derive the current in the resistor 229 by the controlled switch 228 for a short time (typically 16 ⁇ s) to know the value of the intensity of the current. If this is lower than a setpoint, the controlled switch 303 is kept on and the current flows into the Zener diode 307 and the capacitor 309. If the holding coil has a problem, the logic processing unit can control an opening of the controlled switch 303.
  • the diagnostic device and / or the control device comprises all the hardware and / or software means making it possible to implement the diagnostic method that is the subject of the invention.
  • the diagnostic device and / or the control device comprises hardware and / or software means for implementing each of the steps of the diagnostic method object of the invention. These means may include computer programs.
  • One embodiment of a diagnostic method according to the invention is described below with reference to the figure 6 .
  • all of the process steps described below are iterated over time, in particular at regular intervals. These iterations are preferably controlled by a clock included in the diagnostic device.
  • a power supply of the actuator is controlled by the diagnostic device.
  • this command is triggered by a clock and maintained for a predetermined duration, for example 30 ms.
  • this supply step is performed by a closing of the controlled switch 36.
  • the actuator 2 is then fed by the network through the resistor 37. It is note that at the end of the predetermined duration mentioned above, the controlled switch 36 is open.
  • a supply of a coil is controlled by the control device of the actuator. This is preferably done automatically at the actuator in a test procedure stored in the processing logic unit 225 and implemented during any supply of the actuator. To do this, the logic processing unit controls the closing of the controlled switch 226. Therefore, a supply current of the coil 211 flows through the controlled switch 226 and the resistance of 227. This step may also comprise a supply of all the coils 211 and 212. To do this, the logic processing unit controls the closing of the controlled switch 228. Therefore, a supply current of the coil 212 flows through the controlled switch 228 and the resistor 229. The current or currents supplying the coils can be detected at the level of the diagnostic device and, more exactly at the level of the resistor 37 of the diagnostic device. Indeed, the supply of one or more coils causes a greater current draw on the supply line of the actuator 2.
  • an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal supplying the actuator is monitored or analyzed at the level of the diagnostic device.
  • the intensity of the electric current supplying the actuator is monitored, in particular the evolution of the intensity of the electric current supplying the actuator during the period during which the actuator is powered via the diagnostic device.
  • a fourth step 115 it is tested whether the variations or changes in a characteristic, in particular the intensity of the electric current supplying the actuator, are in conformity with what they should be in the event of proper operation of the actuator.
  • the actuator is designed to absorb during a test procedure an electric current whose intensity is calibrated. If the intensity of the electric current absorbed by the actuator leaves this caliber, it can be deduced that the actuator has a fault, in particular a fault in its coils and / or a fault in the control device of the actuator. feeding its coils.
  • a diagnosis of the actuator is deduced using a result of the monitoring or analysis step.
  • step 115 If the result of the test step 115 is positive, proceed to a step 120 in which the following diagnosis is made: the actuator is operational. We then go to a step 125 during which a delay is made before looping on step 100.
  • the The delay of step 125 is relatively long, typically of the order of an hour. We can report the diagnosis via an interface.
  • step 115 If the result of the test step 115 is negative, proceed to a step 130 in which the following diagnosis is made: the actuator is not operational.
  • the actuator it is possible to implement a step of analyzing changes in the electrical characteristic to determine which part of the actuator is not operational, in particular the control device or the call coil or the holding coil. We can report the diagnosis via an interface.
  • the upper diagram shows the evolution V7 temporal voltage at the terminals of the actuator during the execution of the embodiment of the diagnostic method according to the invention. Note that the actuator is powered for 30 ms.
  • the controller transmits the result of these checks.
  • the logic processing unit controls for example the closing of the controlled switch 226 for a short period, for example 1 ms.
  • the logic processing unit does not command a controlled switch closing supplying one or the other of the coils.
  • the current flow test steps in the coils can be arranged differently temporally.
  • the switches for coding the result of the tests implemented at the actuator can be arranged differently temporally and be varied so as to be able to encode various information, such as a failure of the control device, a coil failure call and failure of the hold coil.
  • control device is such that if the voltage persists for more than 30 ms at the terminals of the actuator, it interprets this feeding as an operational food and not as a diagnostic procedure. It then commands, at the expiration of 30 ms, a step of supplying the call coil, for example for 80 ms, then the supply of the holding coil, the call coil being deactivated.
  • the test of the holding coil is provided implicitly by the fact that the supply of the logic processing unit passes through the holding coil in the case of the actuator 2 '. If it is cut, nothing works. Furthermore, in the case of the actuator 2, the state of the holding coil may not be tested. Indeed, the functionality of the call coil may be sufficient to ensure the function of the actuator.
  • the feedback of the actuator to the diagnostic device can be achieved through separate conductors conductors for supplying the actuator.
  • the different switches controlled can be realized by transistors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
  • Testing And Monitoring For Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves controlling a power supply of actuator (2) by a diagnostic device (3) and a power supply of the coil by a control device. An electric characteristic of an electric signal supplying the actuator is monitored at level of the diagnostic device. Diagnostic of the actuator is deducted using the result of the monitoring step. Temporal analysis of variations of the electric characteristic of the signal is performed. Control units (32, 36) of power supply of the actuator are activated. A control unit of power supply of the coil is activated. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a diagnostic device of the power supply of a coil of an actuator (2) a computer program comprising computer program code unit to perform a method for diagnosing an actuator when the program is executed on a computer.

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUETECHNICAL AREA

La présente invention concerne un procédé de diagnostic d'un actionneur comprenant une bobine et un dispositif de commande d'alimentation de la bobine, en particulier un actionneur de disjoncteur électrique. Elle concerne aussi un dispositif de diagnostic de l'alimentation d'une bobine d'un actionneur permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé de diagnostic. Elle concerne également un actionneur comprenant une bobine et au moins un tel dispositif de diagnostic. Elle concerne enfin un programme informatique comprenant un moyen de code de programme informatique adapté à l'exécution d'étapes du procédé de diagnostic.The present invention relates to a method of diagnosing an actuator comprising a coil and a coil power control device, in particular an electric circuit breaker actuator. It also relates to a device for diagnosing the supply of a coil of an actuator for carrying out the diagnostic method. It also relates to an actuator comprising a coil and at least one such diagnostic device. Finally, it relates to a computer program comprising a computer program code means adapted to the execution of steps of the diagnostic method.

ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUESTATE OF THE ART

On connaît des actionneurs destinés à commander l'ouverture et la fermeture de disjoncteurs et qui sont constitués aujourd'hui d'une électronique de pilotage intégrée et associée à une bobine d'électroaimant. Le rôle de cette électronique a permis de rajouter des fonctionnalités qui ont principalement permis de réduire le volume de l'actionneur.Actuators are known for controlling the opening and closing of circuit breakers and which today consist of an integrated control electronics associated with an electromagnet coil. The role of this electronics has allowed to add features that have mainly reduced the volume of the actuator.

Auparavant, ces actionneurs n'étaient constitués que d'un électroaimant alimenté directement, c'est-à-dire sans électronique de commande. De ce fait, dans certaines installations sensibles, il était possible d'effectuer un test de la continuité du bobinage par l'injection d'un courant faible dans la bobine. Ainsi, il était possible d'avoir une indication d'état ou de disponibilité de l'actionneur. Cependant, il n'était pas possible par ces moyens de déterminer si le bobinage de l'actionneur était ou non court-circuité.Previously, these actuators consisted only of an electromagnet powered directly, that is to say without control electronics. Therefore, in some sensitive installations, it was possible to test the continuity of the coil by injecting a weak current into the coil. Thus, it was possible to have an indication of the state or availability of the actuator. However, it was not possible by these means to determine whether or not the winding of the actuator was short-circuited.

Ce moyen de contrôle n'est pas utilisable sur les actionneurs pilotés par une électronique, il ne donne aucune information sur l'état de l'actionneur : mais uniquement une information sur sa présence.This control means can not be used on actuators controlled by electronics, it gives no information on the state of the actuator: but only information on its presence.

Il existe cependant un besoin de connaître dans certaines installations sensibles, l'état de l'actionneur, notamment:

  • l'état du ou des bobinages, (opérationnel ou ouvert ou court-circuité), et/ou
  • l'état de l'électronique de commande du ou des bobinages.
However, there is a need to know in certain sensitive installations, the state of the actuator, including:
  • the condition of the winding (s), (operational or open or short-circuited), and / or
  • the state of the control electronics of the winding (s).

Il apparaît donc intéressant de tester une bobine alimentée par une électronique de commande (utilisant par exemple une technologie PWM pour Pulse-Width Modulation en anglais permettant une adaptation de la tension de commande à une large plage d'alimentation ou un fonctionnement en appel maintien qui diminue la puissance dissipée en maintien continu). La bobine alimentée n'est pas « visible » directement au travers de ses fils de commande et d'alimentation : il y a généralement un pont de diodes et un transistor ouvert hors commande de bobine. Ainsi, un courant alimentant l'actionneur n'alimente pas nécessairement la bobine.It therefore seems interesting to test a coil powered by a control electronics (using for example a PWM technology for Pulse-Width Modulation in English allowing adaptation of the control voltage to a wide range of power supply or call holding operation which decreases the dissipated power in continuous maintenance). The energized coil is not "visible" directly through its control and power wires: there is usually a diode bridge and an open transistor off the coil. Thus, a current supplying the actuator does not necessarily supply the coil.

L'objectif de l'invention est donc de vérifier que le bobinage n'est pas coupé ou court-circuité et que l'électronique n'est pas défaillante.The objective of the invention is therefore to verify that the winding is not cut or short-circuited and that the electronics are not faulty.

On connaît de l'art antérieur des dispositifs permettant d'effectuer des diagnostics concernant différents systèmes comme un système de sécurité de véhicule automobile ( DE 3920693 ) ou comme un système d'allumage de véhicule automobile ( US 2009/139505 ). On connaît aussi du document JP 2009/174599 un dispositif de diagnostic du fonctionnement d'un circuit électronique de commande d'une électrovanne.Prior art is known devices for performing diagnostics on different systems such as a motor vehicle safety system ( DE 3920693 ) or as a motor vehicle ignition system ( US 2009/139505 ). Document is also known JP 2009/174599 a device for diagnosing the operation of an electronic control circuit of a solenoid valve.

EXPOSE DE L'INVENTIONSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Le but de l'invention est de fournir un procédé de diagnostic permettant de remédier aux problèmes évoqués précédemment et améliorant les procédés connus de l'art antérieur. En particulier, l'invention propose un procédé de diagnostic simple, économique, efficace et permettant de vérifier que le bobinage n'est pas coupé ou court-circuité et/ou que l'électronique de commande n'est pas défaillante.The object of the invention is to provide a diagnostic method for overcoming the problems mentioned above and improving the methods known from the prior art. In particular, the invention proposes a simple, economical, efficient diagnostic method making it possible to verify that the winding is not cut or short-circuited and / or that the control electronics are not faulty.

Un procédé de diagnostic selon l'invention d'un actionneur comprenant une bobine et un dispositif de commande d'alimentation de la bobine, comprend les étapes suivantes :

  • Commande d'une alimentation de l'actionneur grâce à un dispositif de diagnostic,
  • Commande d'une alimentation de la bobine grâce au dispositif de commande,
  • Surveillance, au niveau du dispositif de diagnostic, d'une caractéristique électrique d'un signal électrique, notamment du signal électrique alimentant l'actionneur, et
  • Déduction d'un diagnostic de l'actionneur en utilisant un résultat de l'étape de surveillance.
A diagnostic method according to the invention of an actuator comprising a coil and a coil feed control device comprises the following steps:
  • Control of a power supply of the actuator by means of a diagnostic device,
  • Control of a supply of the coil thanks to the control device,
  • Monitoring, at the level of the diagnostic device, an electrical characteristic of an electrical signal, in particular the electrical signal supplying the actuator, and
  • Deduction of a diagnosis of the actuator using a result of the monitoring step.

De préférence, l'étape de commande d'une alimentation de l'actionneur comprend l'activation d'un élément de commande d'alimentation de l'actionneur.Preferably, the step of controlling a power supply of the actuator comprises activating a power control element of the actuator.

De préférence, l'étape de commande d'une alimentation de la bobine comprend l'activation d'un élément de commande d'alimentation de la bobine..Preferably, the step of controlling a coil feed includes activating a feed control member of the spool.

Avantageusement, l'étape de surveillance, au niveau du dispositif de diagnostic, d'une caractéristique électrique du signal électrique comprend la détermination d'une intensité d'un courant circulant dans une ligne d'alimentation de l'actionneur ou la détermination d'une tension aux bornes d'un élément résistif parcouru par le courant circulant dans une ligne d'alimentation de l'actionneur.Advantageously, the step of monitoring, at the level of the diagnostic device, an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal comprises determining an intensity of a current flowing in a line. supplying the actuator or determining a voltage across a resistive element traversed by the current flowing in a supply line of the actuator.

De préférence, l'étape de déduction d'un diagnostic de l'actionneur comprend une analyse temporelle des variations de la caractéristique électrique.Preferably, the step of deducing a diagnosis of the actuator comprises a temporal analysis of the variations of the electrical characteristic.

Un dispositif de diagnostic selon l'invention de l'alimentation d'une bobine d'un actionneur comprend des moyens matériels et/ou logiciels de mise en oeuvre d'étapes du procédé de diagnostic tel que défini ci-dessus.A diagnostic device according to the invention for supplying a coil of an actuator comprises hardware and / or software means for implementing steps of the diagnostic method as defined above.

De préférence, les moyens matériels et/ou logiciels comprennent un élément de commande d'alimentation de l'actionneur.Preferably, the hardware and / or software means comprise a control element for supplying the actuator.

De préférence, les moyens matériels et/ou logiciels comprennent un élément de surveillance d'une caractéristique électrique du signal électrique, ledit étant un élément de détermination d'une intensité d'un courant circulant dans une ligne d'alimentation de l'actionneur ou un élément de détermination d'une tension aux bornes d'un élément résistif parcouru par le courant circulant dans une ligne d'alimentation de l'actionneur.Preferably, the hardware and / or software means comprise an element for monitoring an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal, said element being an element for determining an intensity of a current flowing in a supply line of the actuator or an element for determining a voltage across a resistive element traversed by the current flowing in a supply line of the actuator.

De préférence, les moyens matériels et/ou logiciels comprennent un élément de déduction d'un diagnostic de l'actionneur, ledit élément étant un élément d'analyse temporelle des variations de la caractéristique électrique du signal électrique.Preferably, the hardware and / or software means comprise a deduction element of a diagnosis of the actuator, said element being an element of temporal analysis of the variations of the electrical characteristic of the electrical signal.

De préférence, les moyens matériels et/ou logiciels comprennent un élément de commande de l'alimentation de la bobine.Preferably, the hardware and / or software means comprise a control element of the supply of the coil.

Avantageusement, les moyens matériels et/ou logiciels comprennent un élément de détermination d'une intensité d'un courant circulant dans la bobine et un élément d'analyse de l'intensité du courant circulant dans la bobine.Advantageously, the hardware and / or software means comprise an element for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the coil and an element for analyzing the intensity of the current flowing in the coil.

Avantageusement, les moyens matériels et/ou logiciels comprennent un élément de détermination d'une tension d'alimentation de la bobine et un élément d'analyse de la tension d'alimentation de la bobine.Advantageously, the hardware and / or software means comprise an element for determining a supply voltage of the coil and an element for analyzing the supply voltage of the coil.

Un actionneur selon l'invention comprenant une bobine et au moins un dispositif de commande comporte un dispositif de diagnostic tel que défini ci-dessus.An actuator according to the invention comprising a coil and at least one control device comprises a diagnostic device as defined above.

De préférence, le dispositif de diagnostic et composé de deux dispositifs séparés, un premier dispositif de diagnostic et un second dispositif de commande.Preferably, the diagnostic device and composed of two separate devices, a first diagnostic device and a second control device.

Un programme informatique selon l'invention comprend un moyen de code de programme informatique adapté à l'exécution d'étapes du procédé tel que défini ci-dessus, lorsque le programme est exécuté sur un ordinateur.A computer program according to the invention comprises computer program code means adapted to the execution of steps of the method as defined above, when the program is executed on a computer.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Les dessins annexés représentent, à titre d'exemples, un mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de diagnostic selon l'invention, deux modes de réalisation d'un dispositif de commande selon l'invention et un mode d'exécution d'un procédé de diagnostic selon l'invention.

  • La figure 1 est un schéma d'un système comprenant un mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de diagnostic selon l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est un diagramme temporel des signaux de test.
  • La figure 3 est un schéma d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un actionneur selon l'invention.
  • La figure 4 est un schéma d'un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un actionneur selon l'invention.
  • La figure 5 est un schéma d'une variante du deuxième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de commande selon l'invention.
  • La figure 6 est un ordinogramme d'un mode d'exécution d'un procédé de diagnostic selon l'invention.
The appended drawings represent, by way of examples, an embodiment of a diagnostic device according to the invention, two embodiments of a control device according to the invention and a method of executing a method. diagnostic device according to the invention.
  • The figure 1 is a diagram of a system comprising an embodiment of a diagnostic device according to the invention.
  • The figure 2 is a timing diagram of the test signals.
  • The figure 3 is a diagram of a first embodiment of an actuator according to the invention.
  • The figure 4 is a diagram of a second embodiment of an actuator according to the invention.
  • The figure 5 is a diagram of a variant of the second embodiment of a control device according to the invention.
  • The figure 6 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a diagnostic method according to the invention.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE MODES DE REALISATION PREFERESDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Un mode de réalisation d'un système 1 selon l'invention est décrit ci-après en référence à la figure 1. Ce système comprend principalement un actionneur 2, en particulier un actionneur de disjoncteur électrique, un dispositif 3 de diagnostic de l'état de l'actionneur et un interrupteur 4 d'activation de l'actionneur 2, comme un bouton poussoir.An embodiment of a system 1 according to the invention is described below with reference to the figure 1 . This system mainly comprises an actuator 2, in particular an electric circuit breaker actuator, a device 3 for diagnosing the state of the actuator and a switch 4 for activating the actuator 2, such as a push button.

Par exemple, l'actionneur 2 est branché en série avec l'interrupteur 4 sur une ligne électrique 10 entre les bornes de phase P et de neutre N d'un réseau électrique, comme le réseau électrique commercial. Ainsi, l'alimentation, donc l'activation de l'actionneur, est commandée par l'interrupteur 4. En effet, un actionnement de l'interrupteur permet d'appliquer la tension du réseau directement aux bornes 7 de l'actionneur.For example, the actuator 2 is connected in series with the switch 4 on a power line 10 between the phase P and neutral N terminals of an electrical network, such as the commercial electricity network. Thus, the power supply, and therefore the activation of the actuator, is controlled by the switch 4. In fact, actuation of the switch makes it possible to apply the voltage of the network directly to the terminals 7 of the actuator.

Par ailleurs, le dispositif de diagnostic 3 est connecté par des bornes 5 d'alimentation directement aux bornes de phase P et de neutre N du réseau électrique. En outre, le dispositif de diagnostic est connecté par des bornes 6 aux bornes de l'interrupteur 4, c'est-à-dire en parallèle de l'interrupteur. En conséquence, pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé de diagnostic, le dispositif de diagnostic permet l'alimentation de l'actionneur en court-circuitant l'interrupteur.Furthermore, the diagnostic device 3 is connected by power supply terminals 5 directly to the phase P and neutral N terminals of the electrical network. In addition, the diagnostic device is connected by terminals 6 to the terminals of the switch 4, that is to say in parallel with the switch. In Accordingly, to implement a diagnostic method, the diagnostic device allows the supply of the actuator by short-circuiting the switch.

Alternativement, le dispositif de diagnostic pourrait alimenter l'actionneur en appliquant directement une tension générée par le dispositif de diagnostic entre les bornes 7 de l'actionneur.
L'alimentation de l'actionneur via le dispositif de diagnostic est réalisée périodiquement, par exemple une fois par heure, notamment une fois par heure pendant 30ms. Lors de cette alimentation, l'actionneur émet un signal électrique qui est reçu par le dispositif de diagnostic et qui permet de déterminer l'état de l'actionneur.Alternatively, the diagnostic device could supply the actuator by directly applying a voltage generated by the diagnostic device between the terminals 7 of the actuator.
The supply of the actuator via the diagnostic device is performed periodically, for example once an hour, especially once an hour for 30 ms. During this power supply, the actuator emits an electrical signal which is received by the diagnostic device and which makes it possible to determine the state of the actuator.

Le dispositif de diagnostic 3 comprend de préférence une alimentation 31, un élément 32, 36 de commande d'alimentation de l'actionneur, un élément 33, 37 de surveillance d'une caractéristique électrique du signal électrique alimentant l'actionneur et un élément 38 de déduction d'un diagnostic de l'actionneur.The diagnostic device 3 preferably comprises a power supply 31, an actuator power control element 32, 36, an element 33, 37 for monitoring an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal supplying the actuator and an element 38 deduction of a diagnosis of the actuator.

L'élément 32, 36 de commande d'alimentation de l'actionneur peut comprendre un premier interrupteur commandé 36, commandé par un moyen de commande 36, par exemple inclus dans un microcontrôleur 39.The actuator power control element 32, 36 may comprise a first controlled switch 36, controlled by a control means 36, for example included in a microcontroller 39.

L'élément 33, 37 de surveillance d'une caractéristique électrique du signal électrique alimentant l'actionneur peut comprendre un élément 33, 37 de détermination d'une intensité d'un courant circulant dans la ligne alimentant l'actionneur ou un élément 33 de détermination d'une tension aux bornes d'un élément résistif 37 parcouru par le courant circulant dans la ligne alimentant l'actionneur. L'élément 33 peut notamment être inclus dans le microcontrôleur.The element 33, 37 for monitoring an electrical characteristic of the electric signal supplying the actuator may comprise an element 33, 37 for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the line supplying the actuator or an element 33 of the determining a voltage across a resistive element 37 traversed by the current flowing in the line supplying the actuator. The element 33 may in particular be included in the microcontroller.

L'élément 38 de déduction d'un diagnostic de l'actionneur peut comprendre un élément d'analyse temporelle des variations de la caractéristique électrique du signal électrique alimentant l'actionneur, notamment un élément d'analyse des variations de l'intensité du courant absorbé dans l'actionneur dans une fenêtre temporelle.The element 38 of deduction of a diagnosis of the actuator may comprise an element of temporal analysis of the variations of the electrical characteristic of the actuator. electrical signal supplying the actuator, in particular an element for analyzing variations in the intensity of the current absorbed in the actuator in a time window.

Par exemple, l'interrupteur commandé et l'élément résistif sont en série sur la ligne permettant d'alimenter l'actionneur. Ils peuvent être disposés en série entre les bornes 6.For example, the controlled switch and the resistive element are in series on the line for supplying the actuator. They can be arranged in series between terminals 6.

Avantageusement, le dispositif de diagnostic peut comprendre une interface utilisateur, comme un voyant lumineux permettant d'informer un utilisateur de l'existence d'un problème, notamment un problème d'état de l'actionneur. Alternativement ou complémentairement, Le dispositif de diagnostic peut également comprendre des bornes 35 auxquelles peut être raccordé un dispositif d'interface utilisateur.Advantageously, the diagnostic device may comprise a user interface, such as a light indicator making it possible to inform a user of the existence of a problem, in particular a state problem of the actuator. Alternatively or additionally, the diagnostic device may also include terminals 35 to which a user interface device may be connected.

Un premier mode de réalisation d'actionneur 2 est décrit ci-après en référence à la figure 3. L'actionneur 2 comprend principalement un dispositif de commande 22 et un électroaimant 21.A first embodiment of actuator 2 is described below with reference to the figure 3 . The actuator 2 mainly comprises a control device 22 and an electromagnet 21.

L'électroaimant comprend par exemple une première bobine d'appel 211 et une deuxième bobine de maintien 212. Les bobines sont par exemple montées en série.The electromagnet comprises for example a first call coil 211 and a second holding coil 212. The coils are for example connected in series.

Le dispositif de commande comprend principalement un convertisseur 221 permettant de convertir le signal électrique d'alimentation de l'actionneur en un signal électrique adapté à l'alimentation de l'électroaimant, une unité logique de traitement 225 comme un microcontrôleur, une alimentation 223 et un régulateur de tension 224 pour alimenter cette unité logique de traitement, un élément 225, 226 de commande de l'alimentation de la première bobine, un élément 225, 228 de commande de l'alimentation de l'ensemble série des première et deuxième bobines, un élément 225, 227 de détermination d'une intensité d'un courant circulant dans la première bobine, un élément 225, 229 de détermination d'une intensité d'un courant circulant dans l'ensemble série des première et deuxième bobines, un élément 225 d'analyse des intensités des courants circulant dans les bobines, un élément 222 de détermination d'une tension d'alimentation des bobines et un moyen d'analyse de la tension d'alimentation de la bobine.The control device mainly comprises a converter 221 making it possible to convert the electric supply signal of the actuator into an electrical signal adapted to the supply of the electromagnet, a logic processing unit 225 such as a microcontroller, a power supply 223 and a voltage regulator 224 for supplying this logic processing unit, an element 225, 226 for controlling the supply of the first coil, an element 225, 228 for controlling the power supply of the series assembly of the first and second coils , an element 225, 227 for determining a intensity of a current flowing in the first coil, an element 225, 229 for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the series assembly of the first and second coils, an element 225 for analyzing the intensities of the currents flowing in the coils, an element 222 for determining a supply voltage of the coils and a means for analyzing the supply voltage of the coil.

Le convertisseur 221 comprend typiquement un circuit de protection, un filtre et un circuit de redressement.The converter 221 typically includes a protection circuit, a filter and a rectification circuit.

De préférence, comme représenté à la figure 3, l'unité logique de traitement est alimentée par l'alimentation 223 via le régulateur de tension 224. L'alimentation est elle-même alimentée par la sortie du convertisseur 221.Preferably, as shown in figure 3 , the logic processing unit is powered by the power supply 223 via the voltage regulator 224. The power supply is itself powered by the output of the converter 221.

L'élément de détermination de la tension d'alimentation des bobines comprend un diviseur de tension 222 dont la borne intermédiaire attaque l'unité logique de traitement.The element for determining the supply voltage of the coils comprises a voltage divider 222 whose intermediate terminal is driving the logic processing unit.

L'élément 225, 226 de commande de l'alimentation de la première bobine comprend de préférence un interrupteur 226 commandé par l'unité logique de traitement 225. De même, l'élément 228, 225 de commande de l'alimentation de l'ensemble série des première et deuxième bobines comprend de préférence un interrupteur 228 commandé par l'unité logique de traitement 225.The element 225, 226 for controlling the supply of the first coil preferably comprises a switch 226 controlled by the logic processing unit 225. Similarly, the control element 228, 225 of the power supply of the first coil The series assembly of the first and second coils preferably comprises a switch 228 controlled by the logic processing unit 225.

L'élément 225, 227 de détermination d'une intensité d'un courant circulant dans la première bobine 211 comprend de préférence une résistance 227 montée en série avec la première bobine et l'interrupteur commandé 226. Par exemple, une borne de la résistance 227 est reliée à une masse. Le potentiel de l'autre borne de la résistance attaque une entrée de l'unité logique de traitement.The element 225, 227 for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the first coil 211 preferably comprises a resistor 227 connected in series with the first coil and the controlled switch 226. For example, a terminal of the resistor 227 is connected to a mass. The potential of the other terminal of the resistor drives an input of the logical processing unit.

L'élément 225, 229 de détermination d'une intensité d'un courant circulant dans l'ensemble comprenant les première et deuxième bobine comprend de préférence une résistance 229 montée en série avec les première et deuxième bobines et l'interrupteur commandé 228. Par exemple, une borne de la résistance 229 est reliée à une masse. Le potentiel de l'autre borne de la résistance attaque une entrée de l'unité logique de traitement.The element 225, 229 for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the assembly comprising the first and second coils preferably comprises a resistor 229 connected in series with the first and second coils and the controlled switch 228. for example, a terminal of the resistor 229 is connected to a ground. The potential of the other terminal of the resistor drives an input of the logical processing unit.

Ce deuxième mode de réalisation de dispositif de commande est de préférence destiné à être appliqué lorsque la tension en sortie du convertisseur 221 reste en deçà d'un premier seuil de tension, par exemple 100 V.This second embodiment of the control device is preferably intended to be applied when the output voltage of the converter 221 remains below a first voltage threshold, for example 100 V.

Un deuxième mode de réalisation d'actionneur 2' est décrit ci-après en référence à la figure 4. L'actionneur 2' diffère de l'actionneur 2 en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif de commande 22' différent. En effet, le dispositif de commande 22' diffère du dispositif de commande 22 en ce que l'alimentation 223 est alimentée entre les bornes d'un élément résistif, notamment entre les bornes de la résistance de mesure 229. Ce deuxième mode de réalisation de dispositif de commande est de préférence destiné à être appliqué lorsque la tension en sortie du convertisseur 221 dépasse un premier seuil de tension, par exemple 100 V.A second embodiment of actuator 2 'is described below with reference to the figure 4 . The actuator 2 'differs from the actuator 2 in that it comprises a different control device 22'. In fact, the control device 22 'differs from the control device 22 in that the power supply 223 is supplied between the terminals of a resistive element, in particular between the terminals of the measurement resistor 229. This second embodiment of FIG. control device is preferably intended to be applied when the output voltage of the converter 221 exceeds a first voltage threshold, for example 100 V.

Un détail de réalisation du dispositif de commande selon le deuxième mode de réalisation est décrit ci-après en référence à la figure 5.An embodiment detail of the control device according to the second embodiment is described below with reference to the figure 5 .

Dans cette réalisation, un interrupteur commandé 303 est monté en série, avec la bobine de maintien 212 et une diode Zener 307, entre les bornes du convertisseur 221. De plus, un montage série d'une diode 308 et d'un condensateur 309 est monté en parallèle de la diode Zener. Un montage série de l'interrupteur commandé 228 et de la résistance de mesure 229 est également monté en parallèle de la diode Zener. L'interrupteur commandé 303 est relié à l'unité logique de traitement 225 et à une borne de sortie du convertisseur 221 via une résistance de tirage (pull-up en anglais) 302. Ainsi, dès que le convertisseur 221 fournit une tension, l'interrupteur commandé 303 est fermé. Une diode 304 est montée en parallèle de la bobine de maintien.In this embodiment, a controlled switch 303 is connected in series with the holding coil 212 and a Zener diode 307 between the terminals of the converter 221. In addition, a series circuit of a diode 308 and a capacitor 309 is connected in parallel with the Zener diode. Serial mounting of the controlled switch 228 and the measuring resistor 229 is also connected in parallel with the Zener diode. The controlled switch 303 is connected to the logic processing unit 225 and to an output terminal of the converter 221 via a pull-up resistor 302. Thus, as soon as the converter 221 supplies a voltage, the controlled switch 303 is closed. A diode 304 is connected in parallel with the holding coil.

Par ailleurs, l'interrupteur commandé 228 est commandé par l'unité logique de traitement 225 et permet donc de court-circuiter la diode Zener pour mesurer, au niveau de la résistance 229, le courant circulant dans la bobine de maintien 212. On remarque que la diode 308 permet d'éviter qu'un courant fourni par le condensateur 309 puisse circuler dans la résistance 229 lorsque l'interrupteur commandé 228 est fermé.Moreover, the controlled switch 228 is controlled by the logic processing unit 225 and thus makes it possible to short-circuit the Zener diode to measure, at the level of the resistor 229, the current flowing in the holding coil 212. that the diode 308 makes it possible to prevent a current supplied by the capacitor 309 from circulating in the resistor 229 when the controlled switch 228 is closed.

Grâce à un tel montage, la tension développée aux bornes de la diode Zener permet la charge du condensateur 309 pour produire un signal électrique fournissant l'énergie nécessaire à l'alimentation 223.By virtue of such an arrangement, the voltage developed across the Zener diode enables the capacitor 309 to be charged to produce an electrical signal supplying the energy required for the power supply 223.

Par exemple, dans le cadre d'une commande permanente, l'unité logique de traitement peut réguler le courant d'alimentation de la bobine de maintien régulièrement, par exemple toutes les 312µs: l'interrupteur 303 étant fermé, il suffit de dériver le courant dans la résistance 229 par l'interrupteur commandé 228 pendant un temps bref (typiquement 16µs) pour connaître la valeur de l'intensité du courant. Si celui-ci est inférieur à une consigne, l'interrupteur commandé 303 est maintenu passant et le courant passe dans la diode Zener 307 et dans le condensateur 309. Si la bobine de maintien présente un problème, l'unité logique de traitement peut commander une ouverture de l'interrupteur commandé 303.For example, in the context of a permanent command, the logic processing unit can regulate the power supply current of the holding coil regularly, for example every 312 μs: the switch 303 being closed, it suffices to derive the current in the resistor 229 by the controlled switch 228 for a short time (typically 16μs) to know the value of the intensity of the current. If this is lower than a setpoint, the controlled switch 303 is kept on and the current flows into the Zener diode 307 and the capacitor 309. If the holding coil has a problem, the logic processing unit can control an opening of the controlled switch 303.

Le dispositif de diagnostic et/ou le dispositif de commande comprend tous les moyens matériels et/ou logiciels permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé de diagnostic objet de l'invention. Notamment, le dispositif de diagnostic et/ou le dispositif de commande comprend des moyens matériels et/ou logiciels permettant de mettre en oeuvre chacune des étapes du procédé de diagnostic objet de l'invention. Ces moyens peuvent inclure des programmes d'ordinateur.The diagnostic device and / or the control device comprises all the hardware and / or software means making it possible to implement the diagnostic method that is the subject of the invention. In particular, the diagnostic device and / or the control device comprises hardware and / or software means for implementing each of the steps of the diagnostic method object of the invention. These means may include computer programs.

Un mode d'exécution d'un procédé de diagnostic selon l'invention est décrit ci-après en référence à la figure 6. De préférence, l'ensemble des étapes du procédé décrites ci-après sont itérées dans le temps, notamment à intervalle régulier. Ces itérations sont de préférence commandées par une horloge incluse dans le dispositif de diagnostic.One embodiment of a diagnostic method according to the invention is described below with reference to the figure 6 . Preferably, all of the process steps described below are iterated over time, in particular at regular intervals. These iterations are preferably controlled by a clock included in the diagnostic device.

Dans une première étape 100, on commande une alimentation de l'actionneur grâce au dispositif de diagnostic. De préférence, cette commande est déclenchée par une horloge et maintenue pendant une durée prédéterminée, par exemple 30 ms. Dans le mode de réalisation de dispositif de diagnostic décrit plus haut, cette étape d'alimentation est réalisée par une fermeture de l'interrupteur commandé 36. L'actionneur 2 se retrouve alors alimenté par le réseau au travers de la résistance 37. Il est à noter qu'à l'échéance de la durée prédéterminée mentionnée précédemment, l'interrupteur commandé 36 est ouvert.In a first step 100, a power supply of the actuator is controlled by the diagnostic device. Preferably, this command is triggered by a clock and maintained for a predetermined duration, for example 30 ms. In the diagnostic device embodiment described above, this supply step is performed by a closing of the controlled switch 36. The actuator 2 is then fed by the network through the resistor 37. It is note that at the end of the predetermined duration mentioned above, the controlled switch 36 is open.

Dans une deuxième étape 105, on commande une alimentation d'une bobine grâce au dispositif de commande de l'actionneur. Ceci est de préférence réalisé automatiquement au niveau de l'actionneur dans une procédure de test enregistrée dans l'unité logique de traitement 225 et mise en oeuvre lors de toute alimentation de l'actionneur. Pour ce faire, l'unité logique de traitement commande la fermeture de l'interrupteur commandé 226. Dès lors, un courant d'alimentation de la bobine 211 circule au travers de l'interrupteur commandé 226 et de la résistance de 227. Cette étape peut également comprendre une alimentation de l'ensemble des bobines 211 et 212. Pour ce faire, l'unité logique de traitement commande la fermeture de l'interrupteur commandé 228. Dès lors, un courant d'alimentation de la bobine 212 circule au travers de l'interrupteur commandé 228 et de la résistance de 229. Le ou les courants d'alimentation des bobines peuvent être détectés au niveau du dispositif de diagnostic et, plus exactement, au niveau de la résistance 37 du dispositif de diagnostic. En effet, l'alimentation d'une ou des bobines provoque un appel de courant plus important sur la ligne d'alimentation de l'actionneur 2.In a second step 105, a supply of a coil is controlled by the control device of the actuator. This is preferably done automatically at the actuator in a test procedure stored in the processing logic unit 225 and implemented during any supply of the actuator. To do this, the logic processing unit controls the closing of the controlled switch 226. Therefore, a supply current of the coil 211 flows through the controlled switch 226 and the resistance of 227. This step may also comprise a supply of all the coils 211 and 212. To do this, the logic processing unit controls the closing of the controlled switch 228. Therefore, a supply current of the coil 212 flows through the controlled switch 228 and the resistor 229. The current or currents supplying the coils can be detected at the level of the diagnostic device and, more exactly at the level of the resistor 37 of the diagnostic device. Indeed, the supply of one or more coils causes a greater current draw on the supply line of the actuator 2.

Dans une troisième étape 110, on surveille ou on analyse, au niveau du dispositif de diagnostic, une caractéristique électrique du signal électrique alimentant l'actionneur. De préférence, on surveille l'intensité du courant électrique alimentant l'actionneur, notamment on surveille l'évolution de l'intensité du courant électrique alimentant l'actionneur pendant toute la durée où l'actionneur est alimenté via le dispositif de diagnostic.In a third step 110, an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal supplying the actuator is monitored or analyzed at the level of the diagnostic device. Preferably, the intensity of the electric current supplying the actuator is monitored, in particular the evolution of the intensity of the electric current supplying the actuator during the period during which the actuator is powered via the diagnostic device.

Dans une quatrième étape 115, on teste si les variations ou les évolutions d'une caractéristique, notamment l'intensité du courant électrique alimentant l'actionneur, sont conformes à ce qu'elles devraient être en cas de bon fonctionnement de l'actionneur. En effet, l'actionneur est conçu pour absorber au cours d'une procédure de test un courant électrique dont l'intensité est calibrée. Si l'intensité du courant électrique absorbé par l'actionneur sort de ce calibre, on peut en déduire que l'actionneur présente un défaut, notamment un défaut au niveau de ses bobines et/ou un défaut au niveau du dispositif de commande de l'alimentation de ses bobines. Suite à cette étape de test, on déduit un diagnostic de l'actionneur en utilisant un résultat de l'étape de surveillance ou d'analyse.In a fourth step 115, it is tested whether the variations or changes in a characteristic, in particular the intensity of the electric current supplying the actuator, are in conformity with what they should be in the event of proper operation of the actuator. Indeed, the actuator is designed to absorb during a test procedure an electric current whose intensity is calibrated. If the intensity of the electric current absorbed by the actuator leaves this caliber, it can be deduced that the actuator has a fault, in particular a fault in its coils and / or a fault in the control device of the actuator. feeding its coils. Following this test step, a diagnosis of the actuator is deduced using a result of the monitoring or analysis step.

Si le résultat de l'étape de test 115 est positif, on passe à une étape 120 dans laquelle on établit le diagnostic suivant : l'actionneur est opérationnel. On passe ensuite à une étape 125 au cours de laquelle est réalisé une temporisation avant de boucler sur l'étape 100. De préférence, la temporisation de l'étape 125 est relativement longue, typiquement de l'ordre de l'heure. On peut signaler le diagnostic via une interface.If the result of the test step 115 is positive, proceed to a step 120 in which the following diagnosis is made: the actuator is operational. We then go to a step 125 during which a delay is made before looping on step 100. Preferably, the The delay of step 125 is relatively long, typically of the order of an hour. We can report the diagnosis via an interface.

Si le résultat de l'étape de test 115 est négatif, on passe à une étape 130 dans laquelle on établit le diagnostic suivant : l'actionneur n'est pas opérationnel. On peut notamment mettre en oeuvre une étape d'analyse des évolutions de la caractéristique électrique pour déterminer quelle partie de l'actionneur n'est pas opérationnelle, notamment le dispositif de commande ou la bobine d'appel ou la bobine de maintien. On peut signaler le diagnostic via une interface.If the result of the test step 115 is negative, proceed to a step 130 in which the following diagnosis is made: the actuator is not operational. In particular, it is possible to implement a step of analyzing changes in the electrical characteristic to determine which part of the actuator is not operational, in particular the control device or the call coil or the holding coil. We can report the diagnosis via an interface.

Un exemple d'évolutions de l'intensité du courant électrique alimentant un actionneur opérationnel est décrit ci-après en référence la figure 2.An example of changes in the intensity of the electric current supplying an operational actuator is described below with reference to the figure 2 .

Sur le diagramme supérieur, on représente l'évolution V7 temporelle de la tension aux bornes de l'actionneur lors de l'exécution du mode d'exécution du procédé de diagnostic selon l'invention. On remarque que l'actionneur est alimenté pendant 30 ms.The upper diagram shows the evolution V7 temporal voltage at the terminals of the actuator during the execution of the embodiment of the diagnostic method according to the invention. Note that the actuator is powered for 30 ms.

Sur le diagramme inférieur, on représente l'évolution temporelle de la tension V37 aux bornes de la résistance 37 du dispositif de diagnostic. Cette tension étant une image du courant d'alimentation de l'actionneur. Dans un exemple de réalisation, le dispositif de commande d'alimentation commande, après 20 ms d'alimentation de l'actionneur, une brève fermeture du premier interrupteur commandé 226 puis du deuxième interrupteur commandé 228. La durée totale de fermeture de ces interrupteurs est typiquement de l'ordre de 2 ms. Entre le début d'alimentation de l'actionneur et la fin de l'alimentation de ces bobines, l'unité logique de traitement 225 a par exemple vérifié que :

  • la tension d'alimentation de l'actionneur est suffisante pour l'activer grâce à la mesure de la tension de la tension entre les deux résistances du diviseur de tension 222,
  • l'alimentation de l'unité logique de traitement 223 est opérationnelle,
  • le courant électrique circulant dans la bobine d'appel n'est ni trop faible (cas d'un circuit ouvert), ni trop important (cas d'un court-circuit). On peut utiliser à cette fin une mesure de la tension aux bornes de la résistance de 227.
  • le courant électrique circulant dans la bobine de maintien n'est ni trop faible (cas d'un circuit ouvert), ni trop important (cas d'un court-circuit). On peut utiliser à cette fin une mesure de la tension aux bornes de la résistance de 229.
The lower diagram shows the time evolution of the voltage V37 across the resistor 37 of the diagnostic device. This voltage is an image of the supply current of the actuator. In an exemplary embodiment, the power control device controls, after 20 ms supply of the actuator, a brief closing of the first controlled switch 226 and the second controlled switch 228. The total duration of closing of these switches is typically of the order of 2 ms. Between the start of supply of the actuator and the end of the supply of these coils, the logic processing unit 225 has for example verified that:
  • the supply voltage of the actuator is sufficient to activate it by measuring the voltage of the voltage between the two resistors of the voltage divider 222,
  • the power supply of the logic processing unit 223 is operational,
  • the electric current flowing in the call coil is neither too weak (case of an open circuit), nor too important (case of a short circuit). For this purpose a measurement of the voltage across the resistor of 227 can be used.
  • the electric current flowing in the holding coil is neither too weak (in the case of an open circuit) nor too much (in the case of a short circuit). For this purpose a measurement of the voltage across the resistor of 229 can be used.

Si toutes ces conditions sont remplies, le dispositif de commande transmet le résultat de ces vérifications. Pour ce faire, l'unité logique de traitement commande par exemple la fermeture de l'interrupteur commandé 226 pendant une brève période, par exemple 1 ms. Dans le cas contraire, l'unité logique de traitement ne commande pas de fermeture d'interrupteur commandé alimentant l'une ou l'autre des bobines.If all these conditions are fulfilled, the controller transmits the result of these checks. To do this, the logic processing unit controls for example the closing of the controlled switch 226 for a short period, for example 1 ms. In the opposite case, the logic processing unit does not command a controlled switch closing supplying one or the other of the coils.

En conséquence, on voit apparaître, lorsqu'on analyse la tension aux bornes de la résistance 37 du dispositif de diagnostic, deux impulsions successives, comme représenté à la figure 2, lorsque l'actionneur est opérationnel et une seule impulsion, voire aucune impulsion lorsque l'actionneur est défaillant.Consequently, when the voltage across the resistor 37 of the diagnostic device is analyzed, two successive pulses appear, as shown in FIG. figure 2 , when the actuator is operational and a single pulse or no pulse when the actuator is faulty.

Bien évidemment, les étapes de test de circulation du courant dans les bobines peuvent être agencées différemment temporellement. De même, les commutations permettant de coder le résultat des tests mis en oeuvre au niveau de l'actionneur peuvent être agencées différemment temporellement et être variées de manière à pouvoir coder différentes informations, comme une défaillance du dispositif de commande, une défaillance de la bobine d'appel et une défaillance de la bobine de maintien.Of course, the current flow test steps in the coils can be arranged differently temporally. Similarly, the switches for coding the result of the tests implemented at the actuator can be arranged differently temporally and be varied so as to be able to encode various information, such as a failure of the control device, a coil failure call and failure of the hold coil.

Par ailleurs, le dispositif de commande est tel que si la tension persiste pendant plus de 30 ms aux bornes de l'actionneur, il interprète cette alimentation comme une alimentation opérationnelle et non comme une procédure de diagnostic. Il commande alors, à l'échéance des 30 ms, une étape d'alimentation de la bobine d'appel, par exemple pendant 80 ms, puis l'alimentation de la bobine de maintien, la bobine d'appel étant désactivée.Moreover, the control device is such that if the voltage persists for more than 30 ms at the terminals of the actuator, it interprets this feeding as an operational food and not as a diagnostic procedure. It then commands, at the expiration of 30 ms, a step of supplying the call coil, for example for 80 ms, then the supply of the holding coil, the call coil being deactivated.

Dans une variante préférée de réalisation, le test de la bobine de maintien est assuré implicitement par le fait que l'alimentation de l'unité logique de traitement passe par la bobine de maintien dans le cas de l'actionneur 2'. Si elle est coupée, rien ne fonctionne. Par ailleurs, dans le cas de l'actionneur 2, l'état de la bobine de maintien peut ne pas être testé. En effet, la fonctionnalité de la bobine d'appel peut suffire à assurer la fonction de l'actionneur.In a preferred embodiment, the test of the holding coil is provided implicitly by the fact that the supply of the logic processing unit passes through the holding coil in the case of the actuator 2 '. If it is cut, nothing works. Furthermore, in the case of the actuator 2, the state of the holding coil may not be tested. Indeed, the functionality of the call coil may be sufficient to ensure the function of the actuator.

Ainsi, grâce à l'invention, il est possible de tester l'électronique de commande de l'actionneur, le bon câblage, la présence de tension d'alimentation, l'état du (des) bobinage(s) grâce au dispositif de diagnostic.Thus, thanks to the invention, it is possible to test the control electronics of the actuator, the correct wiring, the presence of supply voltage, the state of the winding (s) through the device of diagnostic.

On peut également déterminer de manière précise les valeurs de résistance du ou des bobinages du fait de la connaissance de la tension d'alimentation des bobines. Il est également possible, en ajoutant une sonde de température, de pouvoir corriger la mesure de résistance pour prendre en compte sa fluctuation en température.It is also possible to precisely determine the resistance values of the winding or windings because of the knowledge of the supply voltage of the coils. It is also possible, by adding a temperature probe, to be able to correct the resistance measurement to take into account its fluctuation in temperature.

Bien évidemment, le retour d'informations de l'actionneur vers le dispositif de diagnostic peut être réalisé grâce à des conducteurs distincts des conducteurs permettant l'alimentation de l'actionneur.Of course, the feedback of the actuator to the diagnostic device can be achieved through separate conductors conductors for supplying the actuator.

Les différents interrupteurs commandés peuvent être réalisés par des transistors.The different switches controlled can be realized by transistors.

Claims (14)

Procédé de diagnostic d'un actionneur (2 ; 2') comprenant une bobine (211, 212) et un dispositif (22 ; 22') de commande d'alimentation de la bobine, comprenant les étapes suivantes : - Commande d'une alimentation de l'actionneur grâce à un dispositif (3) de diagnostic, - Commande d'une alimentation de la bobine grâce au dispositif de commande, - Surveillance, au niveau du dispositif de diagnostic, d'une caractéristique électrique d'un signal électrique, notamment du signal électrique alimentant l'actionneur, et - Déduction d'un diagnostic de l'actionneur en utilisant un résultat de l'étape de surveillance, ladite étape de déduction d'un diagnostic de l'actionneur comprenant une analyse temporelle des variations de la caractéristique électrique. A method of diagnosing an actuator (2; 2 ') comprising a coil (211, 212) and a coil power control device (22; 22'), comprising the steps of: - Control of a power supply of the actuator by means of a device (3) for diagnosis, - Control of a supply of the coil thanks to the control device, - Monitoring, at the level of the diagnostic device, an electrical characteristic of an electrical signal, in particular the electrical signal supplying the actuator, and - Deduction of a diagnosis of the actuator using a result of the monitoring step, said step of deducing a diagnosis of the actuator comprising a temporal analysis of the variations of the electrical characteristic. Procédé de diagnostic selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de commande d'une alimentation de l'actionneur comprend l'activation d'un élément (32, 36) de commande d'alimentation de l'actionneur..Diagnostic process according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the step of controlling a power supply of the actuator comprises the activation of a control element (32, 36) for supplying the actuator. Procédé de diagnostic selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de commande d'une alimentation de la bobine comprend l'activation d'un élément (225, 226, 228) de commande d'alimentation de la bobine..Diagnostic method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the step of controlling a supply of the coil comprises activating a coil power control element (225, 226, 228). . Procédé de diagnostic selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de surveillance, au niveau du dispositif de diagnostic, d'une caractéristique électrique du signal électrique comprend la détermination d'une intensité d'un courant circulant dans une ligne d'alimentation de l'actionneur ou la détermination d'une tension aux bornes d'un élément résistif (37) parcouru par le courant circulant dans une ligne d'alimentation de l'actionneur.Diagnostic method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the step of monitoring, at the level of the diagnostic device, an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal comprises determining an intensity of a current flowing in a line supplying the actuator or determining a voltage across a resistive element (37) traversed by the current flowing in a supply line of the actuator. Dispositif (3) de diagnostic de l'alimentation d'une bobine d'un actionneur comprenant des moyens matériels (32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229) et/ou logiciels de mise en oeuvre d'étapes du procédé de diagnostic selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4.Device (3) for diagnosing the supply of a coil of an actuator comprising material means (32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229) and / or software for implementing steps of the diagnostic method according to one of claims 1 to 4. Dispositif de diagnostic selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que les moyens matériels et/ou logiciels comprennent un élément (32, 36) de commande d'alimentation de l'actionneur.Diagnostic device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the hardware and / or software means comprise an element (32, 36) for controlling the supply of the actuator. Dispositif de diagnostic selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens matériels et/ou logiciels comprennent un élément (33, 37) de surveillance d'une caractéristique électrique du signal électrique, ledit étant un élément (33, 37) de détermination d'une intensité d'un courant circulant dans une ligne d'alimentation de l'actionneur ou un élément (33) de détermination d'une tension aux bornes d'un élément résistif (37) parcouru par le courant circulant dans une ligne d'alimentation de l'actionneur.Diagnostic device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the hardware and / or software means comprise an element (33, 37) for monitoring an electrical characteristic of the electrical signal, said element being an element (33, 37) of determining an intensity of a current flowing in a supply line of the actuator or an element (33) for determining a voltage across a resistive element (37) traversed by the current flowing in a line supply of the actuator. Dispositif de diagnostic selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens matériels et/ou logiciels comprennent un élément (38) de déduction d'un diagnostic de l'actionneur, ledit élément étant un élément d'analyse temporelle des variations de la caractéristique électrique du signal électrique.Diagnostic device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the hardware and / or software means comprise an element (38) for deducing a diagnosis of the actuator, said element being an element of temporal analysis variations in the electrical characteristic of the electrical signal. Dispositif de diagnostic selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les moyens matériels et/ou logiciels comprennent un élément (225, 226, 228) de commande de l'alimentation de la bobine.Diagnostic device according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the hardware and / or software means comprise an element (225, 226, 228) for controlling the supply of the coil. Dispositif de diagnostic selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les moyens matériels et/ou logiciels comprennent un élément (225, 227, 229) de détermination d'une intensité d'un courant circulant dans la bobine et un élément (225) d'analyse de l'intensité du courant circulant dans la bobine.Diagnostic device according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the hardware and / or software means comprise an element (225, 227, 229) for determining an intensity of a current flowing in the coil and a element (225) for analyzing the intensity of the current flowing in the coil. Dispositif de diagnostic selon l'une des revendications 5 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les moyens matériels et/ou logiciels comprennent un élément (222, 225) de détermination d'une tension d'alimentation de la bobine et un élément (225) d'analyse de la tension d'alimentation de la bobine.Diagnostic device according to one of Claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the hardware and / or software means comprise an element (222, 225) for determining a supply voltage of the coil and an element (225). analyzing the supply voltage of the coil. Actionneur (2) comprenant une bobine (211, 212) et au moins un dispositif de commande caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif de diagnostic (3, 22) selon l'une des revendications 5 à 11.Actuator (2) comprising a coil (211, 212) and at least one control device characterized in that it comprises a diagnostic device (3, 22) according to one of Claims 5 to 11. Actionneur (2) selon la revendication 12 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif (3, 22) de diagnostic et composé de deux dispositifs séparés, un premier dispositif de diagnostic (3) et un second dispositif de commande (22).Actuator (2) according to Claim 12, characterized in that the diagnostic device (3, 22) consists of two separate devices, a first diagnostic device (3) and a second control device (22). Programme informatique comprenant un moyen de code de programme informatique adapté à l'exécution d'étapes du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, lorsque le programme est exécuté sur un ordinateur.A computer program comprising computer program code means adapted to execute steps of the method according to one of claims 1 to 4, when the program is executed on a computer.
EP12354013.0A 2011-03-22 2012-03-05 Method and device for diagnosing an actuator and actuator comprising such a device Active EP2503575B1 (en)

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