EP1505225B1 - Shuttering system for the transition of reinforcement between concrete elements and/or the closure of concrete shutters - Google Patents

Abstract

Mold system for forming a reinforcement junction from one concrete component to an adjacent concrete component in a connecting direction or for termination of a concrete mold comprises at least four spacer profile elements (6) and mounting positions for the spacer profile elements. One mounting position is provided on the two outer sides of a central element (5) facing the mold elements (2, 3) and one mounting position is provided on the inner sides of the mold elements lying opposite the outer sides of the central element. Several spacer profile elements are mounted on top of each other in each mounting position. At least one spacer profile element is mounted in each mounting position. An elastic sealing lip is arranged on at least one uppermost spacer profile element in two mounting positions which lie opposite each other.

Description

The invention relates to a formwork system for forming a transition of a reinforcement of a concrete component to a neighboring in a connecting direction, further concrete component, or the front end of a concrete formwork, comprising two formwork elements and a central element, preferably wherein the formwork elements parallel, planar, vertically aligned Schalhäute , wherein the middle element is arranged between the shell elements in the region of one end of the shell elements, and wherein in each case elastic sealing lips are arranged between the shell elements and the middle element.

A generic formwork system is from the DE 198 00 569 C2 known.

Formwork systems are used to make concrete components on site. The formwork system limits to the four sides (and down) a space in which uncured, liquid concrete is poured. After hardening of the concrete, the formwork is removed, and a solid concrete component is released.

In order to produce larger concrete components, such as elongated walls, you either need correspondingly large formwork systems with a large entire scarf surface, or you use the principle of "clocking". After the principle of clocking a first section of the large concrete component is first created, and after its curing, the formwork is dismantled and used to build a formwork for a second section of the concrete component, and so on.

In the production of a large concrete component according to the principle of timing must be taken to ensure that at the transition areas or interfaces of the individual sections no mechanical weaknesses are introduced into the structure of the entire concrete component.

For many applications in the field of building construction concrete elements are provided with reinforcements to improve their strength. Reinforcements are steel structures, in particular reinforcing mesh or parallel oriented round steel, which are poured into the concrete. A typical wall of a building contains one or two levels of reinforcement aligned parallel to the wall surface.

In order to obtain an improvement in the strength of the concrete component also and just at the interfaces of adjacent sections, the reinforcements must be conducted across the interfaces. This means, the reinforcement must protrude from the formwork during filling of the concrete and during hardening.

In the DE 198 00 569 C2 For this purpose, a formwork system is proposed, with which two levels of reinforcement can be carried over the front end of a concrete wall section. For this purpose, the formwork system on two vertically oriented system elements, which can be attached to the front side, for example, two parallel, opposing, spaced apart, flat and vertically oriented formwork elements. The system elements are connected to a central part by means of tongues, plates and wedges, wherein in each case a gap remains between the system elements and the middle part. The reinforcements are guided through the gap. The gap is covered by elastic sealing lips, which fit tightly against the reinforcements and cause a substantial sealing of the gap for the uncured concrete.

A disadvantage of this known formwork system is fixed rigidly with this formwork system thickness of the concrete wall can be created. To change the thickness of the concrete wall, at least the middle part must be replaced. Another disadvantage is the rigidly fixed with this formwork system depth of the concrete cover of the concrete wall can be created. The depth of a concrete cover is the distance between the surface and the underlying reinforcement inside a concrete component. The depth of the concrete cover is defined in the known formwork system with the associated system element. For a change in the depth of the concrete cover must be replaced in any case, the associated system element. As a result, a concrete prior art shawl system at a construction site is suitable for creating only one type of concrete wall.

US-A-3,731,902 discloses a formwork system having the features of the preamble of claim 1.

In contrast, it is the object of the present invention to provide a formwork system for the creation of concrete components with rebar connection, which can be used for a variety of thicknesses of concrete components and which can be used simultaneously for a variety of depths of concrete coverings.

This object is achieved by a formwork system according to claim 1.

The formwork system according to the invention limits a space for filling with liquid concrete by the two formwork elements (to which further formwork elements and / or already hardened sections of a concrete component and / or other concrete components can connect), the middle part, the side surfaces of spacer profile elements and at least two elastic sealing lips. Due to the area of the sealing lips, which each span a gap between the uppermost spacer profile elements of two opposite mounting positions, the reinforcements can protrude.

In this case, the distance between the two formwork elements through the entire Number of spacer elements used (at all four mounting positions). When using a few spacer profile elements a small distance of the shell elements and thus a small thickness of a concrete wall to be cast is set, while using many spacer profile elements, a large thickness is set. At the same time, the depth of the concrete cover can be selected by the choice of the number of spacer profile elements at the mounting position on the inside of the shell element, to which the associated surface of the concrete component borders.

Thus, basically any thickness of concrete components can be achieved at any depths of the concrete cover with the formwork system according to the invention by a corresponding number of spacer profile elements is used. On a construction site, only two formwork elements and a central element with accessories as well as a sufficient number of spacer profile elements need to be provided to create any concrete walls.

According to the invention, all spacer profile elements are designed identically without a sealing lip, and the spacer profile elements with a sealing lip differ only through the additionally attached, typically fixed by a clamping sealing lip of the spacer profile elements without sealing lip.

Very particular preference is given to an embodiment of the formwork system according to the invention, in which an elastic sealing lip is arranged on the respectively uppermost spacer profile element of each mounting position. This means that the four spacer profile elements located above are provided with a sealing lip. The sealing lip is typically made of rubber, such as a hollow rubber profile. The sealing lips of those uppermost spacer profile elements which are mounted on mutually facing mounting positions are pressed against each other. The two gaps between the spacer profile elements are thus spanned from both sides by contacting sealing lips. The contact sealing lip on the sealing lip a particularly good sealing effect against the uncured, liquid concrete is achieved.

A preferred embodiment provides that the middle element has a recess for a joint tape. The recess may also be formed as a nip of the central element. As a result, a joint tape, which is typically made of rubber, be integrated as a water barrier in the concrete component. A moisture path propagating at the interface between two sections of a concrete component that have been produced in time is broken into the interior of the concrete component.

Also preferred is an embodiment of the formwork system according to the invention, in which the spacer profile elements can be mounted in the mounting positions by means of screw connections. For this purpose, the spacer profile elements and the associated mating surfaces of the mounting positions on breakthrough openings, through which a screw can be performed. The perforated mating surfaces may be provided directly on the middle element or directly on the formwork elements, or else the middle element or the formwork elements have special installations on which the perforated mating surfaces provided are. Vertical profiles are preferably arranged as separate components on the formwork elements as special installations, wherein the vertical profiles have the perforated mating surfaces for mounting the spacing profile elements. The vertical profiles are usually attached via turnbuckles on the formwork elements. Typically, each set of spacer profile elements is fixed to a mounting position with at least two bolts and nuts. Screw connections are safe, quick to attach and quick to loosen. For mounting different amounts of distance profile elements different length screws can be provided.

Particularly preferred is an embodiment which provides that the formwork elements, the middle element and the spacer profile elements each have a breakthrough opening, and that these breakthrough openings are penetrated by a common anchor rod, wherein the anchor rod preferably extends in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the connection direction. The anchor rod absorbs the normal forces acting on the formwork elements through the uncured concrete and prevents the formwork elements from being pushed apart. In this respect, the anchor rod increases the mechanical stability of the formwork system. At the same time the anchor rod serves as a positional fixation of the central element and the inner spacer profile elements, and preferably the outer spacer profile elements are fixed in position via the vertical profile by means of a turnbuckle.

A preferred development of this embodiment is characterized in that the formwork elements, the middle element and the spacer profile elements each have a plurality of apertures, and that these apertures are penetrated by a plurality of common anchor rods. The use of several anchor rods, which respectively protrude through both shell elements, the center element and all spacer profile elements, increases the mechanical stability of the Formwork system even further. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the assembly of the spacer profile elements can be realized solely by the anchor rods.

Further preferred is an embodiment of the formwork system according to the invention, which is characterized in that the middle element is formed by two mutually displaceable or pivotable half-shells, each half-shell comprises at least one eyelet whose Durchragungsrichtung preferably in the vertical direction, that the formwork system further comprises at least one wedge bar wherein the wedge bar has wedge arms for projecting the eyelets, and wherein the wedge arms and the eyelets cooperate such that the half shells are moved away from or towards each other by advancing or retracting the wedge bar, this movement of the half shells preferably being horizontal in the direction perpendicular to Connecting direction occurs. Preferably, the wedge bar downwardly open, horseshoe-like wedge arms. By the wedge bar and the half shells, the middle element can be easily detached from a solidified concrete surface. For this purpose, the half-shells are typically curved on their surfaces in contact with the concrete (in particular convex) or inclined in sections to one another.

Also advantageous is an embodiment in which the formwork elements, the middle element and the spacer profile elements in the connection direction extend up to a common end plane which is perpendicular to the connection direction. This facilitates on the one hand the alignment of the elements in the formwork construction, on the other hand this simplifies the securing of the elements with respect to the pressure exerted by the not yet hardened concrete pressure in the direction of the connecting direction. At the final level easily securing means can be created.

A preferred development of this embodiment provides that the formwork system comprises at least one transverse bar, which bears against the common end plane, and that the transverse bar is braced by means of end anchors with the formwork elements. The end anchor is typically formed by a coarse threaded rod that can be secured with wing nuts. The cross bar with typically two end anchors is a simple securing means for receiving the pressure of the uncured concrete on the front end of the formwork system.

Another advantageous development of the above embodiment provides that the middle element has at least partially an extension that is significantly longer or significantly shorter in the connection direction than the spacer profile elements. Thus, the front end of the concrete part to be concreted portion of the concrete component no flat surface, but a profile and / or a curvature. In a longer extended middle part, the end face of the part to be concreted has a depression, in the case of a shorter extension a projection. As a result, a toothing is achieved at the interface of two erected in timing sections of a concrete component. The stability of the entire concrete component is increased by this shear gearing.

Further preferred is an embodiment of the formwork system according to the invention, in which the spacer profile elements have a step profile, in particular with a flat on a first side contact surface and on a second side four straight, parallel rails, preferably with a hook-shaped cross section of the rails. The height of the rails determines material saving the achieved by a spacer profile element Platzhalterwirkung. The hook shape of the rails in cross-section allows pinching an elastic sealing lip. The sealing lip is thus reversibly attached to the spacer profile element and can be, for example, by guiding parallel to the rail direction and disconnected. However, the sealing lip can be perpendicular to the rail direction and perpendicular to the contact surface can not be removed because of the hook effect. The sealing lip is preferably partially on the side facing the rails of the contact surface.

Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description and the drawings. The embodiments shown and described are not to be understood as exhaustive enumeration, but rather have exemplary character for the description of the invention.

Fig. 1:

eine schematische Schrägansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Schalungssystems unter Verwendung von 11 Abstandsprofilelementen;

Fig. 2:

eine schematische Draufsicht auf ein erfindungsgemäßes Schalungssystem unter Verwendung von 8 Abstandsprofilelementen;

Fig. 3:

eine schematische Draufsicht auf ein erfindungsgemäßes Schalungssystem unter Berücksichtigung von Bewehrungen mit der Verwendung von 9 Abstandsprofilelementen;

Fig. 4:

eine schematische Draufsicht auf ein erfindungsgemäßes Schalungssystem mit Bewehrungen unter Verwendung von 19 Abstandsprofilelementen und einem Fugenband.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments. It shows:

Fig. 1:

a schematic oblique view of a formwork system according to the invention using 11 spacer profile elements;

Fig. 2:

a schematic plan view of an inventive formwork system using 8 spacer profile elements;

3:

a schematic plan view of an inventive formwork system taking into account reinforcements with the use of 9 spacer profile elements;

4:

a schematic plan view of an inventive formwork system with reinforcements using 19 spacer profile elements and a joint tape.

FIG. 1 shows a formwork system 1 according to the invention, with the aid of which a transition of a reinforcement between two concrete components or two subsections of a concrete component, which are produced in time, can be created. However, the formwork system 1 according to the invention can also be used for the frontal completion of a concrete component (without reinforcement).

The formwork system 1 comprises two formwork elements 2 , 3 , each of which has an upright (vertically oriented) formwork skin 4 . The formwork skins 4 largely form the insides of the formwork elements 2, 3. The formwork system 1 furthermore comprises a center element 5 and a multiplicity of spacing profile elements 6 . In the case shown in FIG. 1, the formwork system 1 comprises eleven spacer profile elements.

The spacer profile elements 6 are largely mounted on each other, wherein the respective lowest spacer profile elements are mounted on the inside of the shell elements 2, 3 and on the outer sides of the central element 5. The respective uppermost spacer profile elements are each provided with a sealing lip 7. The sealing lips 7 of opposing top spacer elements are pressed against each other.

The formwork elements 2, 3, the central part 5 and the spacer profile elements 6 with sealing lips 7 define a space 11 which is filled with liquid concrete to produce a section of a concrete component to be created. The formwork system 1 remains in the state shown in Fig. 1 until the concrete is solidified in the space 11 .

The sealing lips 7 are made of elastic material, preferably rubber or another plastic. Through them protrude several reinforcing steels. The sealing lips 7 thereby enclose this reinforcement 8 in a close manner. Through the sealing lips 7, two gaps 9, 10 between opposite sets of spacer profile elements 6 largely closed.

The formwork system 1 according to the invention enables the creation of two levels 12 , 13 of reinforcements 8. The protruding from the formwork system 1 reinforcements 8 at the same time determine the direction in which further sections of a concrete component to be created can connect. In the case shown in FIG. 1, the reinforcements 8 are parallel to a corresponding connection direction 14 .

In order to absorb the pressure exerted by the concrete in space 11 on the boundaries of the space 11, the formwork system 1 has various reinforcing means or securing means. In order to hold the formwork elements 2, 3, the formwork system 1 has anchor rods 15, which project through the formwork elements 2, 3, the spacer profile elements 6, the center element 5 and the gaps 9, 10. The anchor rods 15 have nuts on both sides, which compress the designated elements. In order to prevent the center element 5 and the spacer profile elements 6 from breaking out of the formwork system 1 in the direction of the connection direction 14 , the formwork system 1 has two transverse bars 16 against which the middle element 5 and the connection elements 6 lie flat. The cross bar 16 are attached with end anchors 17 on the frame of the formwork elements 2, 3.

In order to be able to easily detach the solidified element 5 from the solidified concrete after curing of the concrete in the space 11, the middle element 5 is formed by two half-shells 18 , 19 . The two half-shells 18, 19 press with their the space 11 facing the leading edges against each other, wherein in a space between just these edges of the half-shells 18, 19, a waterproof joint tape 20 is arranged. The half-shells 18, 19 are movable relative to one another insofar as the contact region of the leading edges can be regarded as a pivoting axis. The distance or the pivoting position of the half-shells 18, 19 against each other is determined by the position of a wedge bar 21 , which is provided with horseshoe-like wedge arms 22 . The wedge bar 21 further has a handling tab 23 . The wedge arms 22 project through eyelets 24 , 25 of the half shells 18, 19. The wedge arms 22 are curved in such a way that the half shells 18, 19 are moved toward one another by an upward movement of the wedge bar 21, and that by a downward movement of the wedge bar 21, the half shells 18, 19 are pushed away from each other. Before filling the liquid concrete in the space 11, the wedge bar 21 is driven downward to spread the half-shells 18, 19. By spreading a good closure of the column 9, 10 is effected. After curing of the concrete in the space 11, the middle part 5, in particular of the part 11 projecting into the space 11 of the middle element 5, to be detached from the surface of the solidified concrete. For this purpose, the wedge rod 21 is driven upward, whereby the half-shells 18, 19 are pivoted towards each other at their ends facing the viewer. This results in a detachment of at least the obliquely placed leading edges of the central element. 5

The attachment of the spacer profile elements 6 to vertical profiles 30 or on the middle element 5 takes place in FIG. 1 by means of screw connections 26 . These protrude through each of the set of spacer profile elements 6 and the mating surfaces of the respective mounting position on the vertical profiles 30 and the central element. 5

The preferred material used for the formwork elements 2, 3 and their frame structures is steel. Likewise, steel is preferably used for the half-shells 18, 19 of the central element 5. The spacer profile elements 6 are preferably made of aluminum.

2 shows a plan view of a formwork system according to the invention, comprising formwork elements 2, 3, which in turn have formwork skins 4 and vertical profiles 30, wherein the vertical profiles 30 by means of turnbuckle devices 31 with the frame of the formwork elements 2, 3rd are connected. The illustrated formwork system further comprises spacer profile elements 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 and a middle element 5.

The spacer profile elements 32, 33 are arranged on one another (or next to one another, mounted on each other) in a first mounting position 40 in the region of the left-hand end of the formwork element 2 on the inside of the formwork element 2 in FIG. These spacer profile elements 32, 33 are opposed by two further spacer profile elements 34, 35, which are arranged on a second mounting position 41 on an outer side of the middle element 5. Similarly, the spacer profile elements 36, 37 are arranged at a third mounting position 42 on the other outer side of the central element 5, and the spacer profile elements 38, 39 are arranged at a fourth mounting position 43 on the inside of the shell element 3. The respective uppermost spacer profile elements 33, 34, 37, 38 each have elastic sealing lips 7, wherein the sealing lips 7 are pressed against each other by opposing spacer profile elements 33, 34 and 37, 38, ie they are under elastic compressive stress. As a result, in particular, a penetration of uncured concrete from a space bounded by the formwork system space 11 through the sealing lips 7 is prevented. The sealing lips 7 close insofar column 9, 10 between the spacer profile elements 33 and 34 and 37 and 38th

The spacer profile elements 32 to 39 each have flat, designed as plates bearing surfaces 44 , on which on one side at least two, preferably and shown but four rails 45 , 46 are arranged. These rails 45, 46 determine the distance that bridges a spacer profile element. At the same time, the rails 45, 46 act as a delimitation of the space 11 and as an abutment surface on securing means, such as the cross bar 16. On the hook-shaped rails 46 also a sealing lip 7 can be fixed by clamping. All spacer profile elements 32 to 39 are identical, in particular can be spacer profile elements with (from the front side) viewed right-hand rails (32, 33, 36, 37) by a simple rotation in a spacer profile element with left-side rails (see 34, 35, 38, 39) are transferred. In a not shown, advantageous embodiment, the spacer profile elements are mirror-symmetrical with respect to a vertically aligned, perpendicular to the connecting direction center plane.

The central element 5 is formed from two half-shells 18, 19, which adjoin one another at their front edges in the region 47 facing the space 11. The two half shells 18, 19 can roll on the round edges in this area 47 to each other, so be pivoted against each other. Between the edges in the region 47, a joint tape 20 is arranged in the illustrated case. A pivoting of the half-shells 18, 19 against each other can be done by suitably moving a wedge rod 21, see. Fig. 1.

By concrete, which is arranged in the region of the space 11, there is both pressure on the inner sides of the formwork elements 2, 3 as well as pressure on the adjacent edges of the space 11 edges of the spacer profile elements 32 to 39 and the middle part 5. These forces must be countered by suitable securing means. The forces on the inner sides of the formwork elements 2, 3 are absorbed in particular by an anchor rod 15 with counter-plates 48 and nuts 49 . The anchor rod 15 extends through the formwork elements 2, 3, the spacer profile elements 32 to 39 and the central element 5. The forces on the space 11 facing surfaces of the spacer profile elements 32 to 39 and the central element 5 are received by the cross bar 16. This is possible since the spacer profile elements 32 to 39 to be secured and the middle element 5 extend in the connection direction 14 as far as a common end plane 50 , to which they form planar contact surfaces. At the end plane 50 continue to meet the vertical profiles 30. At the end plane 50 of the crossbar 16 is applied, and this is fixed by means of end anchors 17 and suitable counter-plates 51 and nuts 52 .

Figures 3 and 4 illustrate the versatility of the formwork system according to the invention with respect to the producible wall thicknesses and depths of a concrete cover.

FIG. 3 again shows a plan view of a formwork system according to the invention, in which nine spacer profile elements 6 were used. Between shell elements 2, 3 and reinforcements 8, a distance is provided in each case, which corresponds approximately to the height of two spacer profile elements 6. The total thickness of the concrete wall to be poured in the space 11 is composed of the width of the central element 5, the height of nine spacer profile elements 6 and two gap widths.

The cast in the space 11 concrete wall is created without a joint tape, a gap between two half-shells 18, 19 of the central element 5 is held closed by elastic forces.

FIG. 4 likewise shows a plan view of a formwork system according to the invention. In this formwork system, a partial section of a concrete component with a depth on both sides of the concrete cover according to the added heights of three spacer elements 6, and a width corresponding to the sum of the heights of 19 spacer profile elements 6, the width of a central part 5, and two gap widths is made in space 11. The gap widths typically correspond approximately to the diameter of a reinforcement 8. In FIG. 4, the middle element 5 in turn has a joint tape 20.

As can be readily seen from Figures 1, 2 and in particular Figures 3 and 4, by adding or removing spacer profile elements at the mounting positions both the depth of the concrete cover and the total thickness of a concrete component can be adjusted.

In the context of the present invention, it is basically possible to use even non-planar formwork elements or non-parallel formwork elements. Optionally, then a central element can be used with inclined outer surfaces for the corresponding mounting positions. In principle, not strictly vertically oriented formwork elements can be used.

For the creation of particularly thin-walled concrete components u.U. also modifications of the formwork system come into question, in which no spacer profile element is arranged at one or more mounting positions. If necessary, then sealing lips must be attached directly to the formwork elements or the central element.

In the case of a concrete component to be cast, reinforcements from the interior of the concrete component should protrude beyond the concrete component in order to allow a firm connection to a further concrete component to be concrete-coated. To produce the first concrete component, a formwork system according to the invention is used, which comprises two large-area formwork elements, which are connected to a central element. The distance of a formwork element to the middle element is bridged with a flexible number of spacer profile elements which project in two sets each from the inner wall of the formwork element and the outer wall of the middle element to each other. Between the two sets of spacer profile elements remains a gap which is bridged by means of at least one elastic sealing lip. A reinforcement protruding from the concrete component to be cast can push this sealing lip to the side, whereby the sealing lip releases a small clearance for precisely this reinforcement. Incidentally, however, the gap remains closed by the sealing lip for liquid concrete.

Claims (11)

1. Formwork system (1) for forming a transition of a reinforcement (8) between a concrete component and a further concrete component located adjacent thereto in a connecting direction (14), or to the front side end of a concrete formwork, comprising two formwork elements (2, 3), and a central element (5), wherein the formwork elements (2, 3) preferably comprise parallel, flat, vertically oriented formwork shells (4), wherein the central element (5) is disposed between the formwork elements (2, 3) in the region of an end of the formwork elements (2, 3), and wherein elastic sealing lips (7) are disposed between each formwork element (2, 3) and the central element (5), wherein the formwork system (1) comprises at least four spacers (6; 32-39), wherein the formwork system (1) comprises mounting positions (40-43) for the spacers (6; 32-39), wherein one mounting position (41, 42) is provided on each of the two outer sides of the central element (5), facing the formwork elements (2, 3), and one mounting position (40, 43) is provided on each inner side of the formwork elements (2, 3) opposite to these outer sides of the central element (5), wherein at least one spacer (6; 32-39) is mounted at each mounting position (40-43), characterized in that several spacers (6; 32-39) can be mounted on top of each other at each mounting position (40-43), and an elastic sealing lip (7) is disposed on at least each uppermost spacer (33, 34, 37, 38) of two mounting positions (40, 41; 42, 43) facing each other, and wherein all spacers (6; 32-39) without sealing lip (7) are identically designed and the spacers (33, 34, 37, 38) comprising a sealing lip (7) differ from the spacers (32, 35, 36, 39) without sealing lip (7) only by the sealing lip (7) which is additionally mounted by clamping.
2. Formwork system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that an elastic sealing lip (7) is disposed at each uppermost spacer (33, 34, 37, 38) of each mounting position (40-43).
3. Formwork system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central element (5) has a recess for a tape joint (20).
4. Formwork system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacers (6; 32-39) can be mounted in the mounting positions (40-43) through screw connections (26).
5. Formwork system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the formwork elements (2, 3), the central element (5) and the spacers (6; 32-39) each have an opening, and these openings are penetrated by a common tie rod (15), wherein the tie rod (15) preferably extends in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the connecting direction (14).
6. Formwork system (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the formwork elements (2, 3), the central element (5) and the spacers (6; 32-39) each have several openings and these openings are penetrated by several common tie rods (15).
7. Formwork system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central element (5) is formed by two mutually displaceable or pivotable semi-shells (18, 19), wherein each semi-shell (18, 19) comprises at least one lug (24, 25) whose penetrating direction is preferably vertical, the formwork system (1) also has at least one wedge rod (21) wherein the wedge rod (21) has wedge arms (22) for passage of the lugs (24, 25), and wherein the wedge arms (22) and lugs (24, 25) interact such that driving forward or backward of the wedge rod (21) moves the semi-shells (18, 19) away from each other or towards each other, wherein this motion of the semi-shells (18, 19) preferably takes place in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the connecting direction (14).
8. Formwork system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that vertical sections (30) mounted to the formwork elements (2, 3), the central element (5) and the spacers (6; 32-39) extend in the connecting direction (14) to a common final plane (50) which lies perpendicular to the connecting direction (14).
9. Formwork system (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the formwork system (1) has at least one crossbar (16) which abuts the common final plane (50) and the crossbar (16) is tensioned with the formwork elements (2, 3) via stopend ties (17).
10. Formwork system (1) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the central element (5) is at least partially considerably longer or shorter in the connecting direction (14) than the spacers (6; 32-39).
11. Formwork system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacers (6; 32-39) have a stepped profile, in particular with an abutment surface (44) which is flat on a first side, and four straight, parallel rails (45, 46) on a second side, the rails (46) preferably having a hook-shaped cross-section.

Images