EP1461169B9 - Device for bending profiles - Google Patents

Abstract

In a device and in a process for bending a tube 72 , the tube 72 is guided through a bending tool 71 , which rotates around a section guide housing 81, 82 and also around a cam unit formed by two tubes 83, 84 . Rollers 86 serve as pressing elements, and a mandrel 73 serves as an abutment; as the tube 72 is pushed through the section guide housing 81, 82 between the rollers 86 and the mandrel 73 , it is squeezed to different degrees in different areas of its wall cross section, so that, as a result of the stretching and squeezing of the tube 72 , a bend is produced. The size of the bending radius of the tube 72 to be bent is determined by the eccentricity adjusted via the cam unit and/or by the axial feed of the rollers 86 toward the section guide housing 81, 82 . By means of the bending tool 71 according to the invention, it is possible to produce different bending radii in one and the same bending device in a tube 72 to be bent by changing the feed, that is, the distance between the rollers 86 and the mandrel 73 . No uncontrolled cracks or deformations occur. The bending tool 71 used imposes only minimal limitations on how the tube 72 can be bent in any of 3 dimensions, which means that a section can be bent into any desired shape.

Description

The invention relates to a device for bending profiles with a profile wall having wall cross-sectional areas at different distances from the axis of the bend to be executed, comprising a bending tool with at least one of the outside of the profile wall associated pressure element, wherein the bending tool has at least one at least one pressure element associated counter-pressure element , and wherein at least one pressure element and at least one counter-pressure element associated therewith can be moved relative to one another while squeezing at least one outer wall cross-sectional area of the profile wall in the cross-sectional direction relative to the axis of the bend.

Such a bending device is characterized by the US-A 2901930 as well as the DE 689 018C known.

For bending profiles various bending devices are known in which a force above the yield strength of the material is introduced into the workpiece, which then by the structural strength of the workpieces, a partial extension of the workpiece on the outside and a compression on the inside and thus a bend causes. These bending methods are limited by the design strength, since when exceeding the structural strength tearing, denting or buckling of the material are the result. At the same time the number of degrees of freedom is limited. Machines which use this method, in particular in the case of pipes, are known as mandrel bending machines, bending presses and multi-roll bending machines. The mandrel bending and bending presses allow only bends whose radii are predetermined by the molds. Multi-roll machines allow for variable radii with helical profile, but here a relatively large radius / pipe diameter ratio (5 to 10) is required.

When Abrollstreckbiegen or round bending takes place the formal design generation by rotation of a core role with simultaneous bending moment generation by pressure of the profile to the core role. When Abrollstreckbiegen takes place an additional superposition of an axial tensile stress.

From the DE 689 018 C a bending machine is known in which a cooperating with a impact-generating object (eg jackhammer) tool for curving is used by driving profiled rails. Anvil is associated with two or more movable hammers, which under the Influence of the impact-producing device and in each case as a result of their shape and spacing relative to the rail profile appropriately trained anvil so acting on two adjacent legs of the rail profile such that the rail undergoes an extension corresponding to the desired curvature.

The present invention has for its object to provide a bending device that waives the bending of profiles on axial tensile stresses and allows the bending of any shape.

This object is achieved by the device with all features according to claim 1. The device according to the invention has the advantage that profiles can be produced in one and the same bending device with different bending radii. A counter-pressure element adapted to the profile to be bent, such as a mandrel, is fixed in position on inner walls of the profile to be bent and arranged in such a way that the counter-pressure element is opposite a pressure element which can be delivered to the counter-pressure element at different distances therefrom. A delivery can also be made by the counter-pressure element to the pressure element, always so that between the pressure element and the counter-pressure element remains a gap through which the profile to be bent is transported therethrough. When transported through the gap the profile or a profile section is strongly squeezed until the desired bending occurs. By squeezing the profile wall at the pinched point or over a length section on the profile thinner and at the profile section opposite the crimped profile section profile can be upset the profile. During a bending process, the profile to be bent can still be twisted so that the bending direction of the profile to be bent can also be influenced.

According to the invention, the profile intended for bending is crimped to a different extent by a radially directed application of force to the profile in different wall cross-sectional areas, so that a bending occurs due to material expansion and material compression on the profile. The force can be applied via a roller or a roller against a counter-pressure element attached to the profile and the material of the profile between the roller and the counter-pressure element is squeezed to different degrees over the circumference or the contour of the profile. During a bending process, the profile to be bent can be pushed in sections or continuously as seen in the axial direction of the profile more or less strongly and / or stepwise or at different speeds continuously through the bending device according to the invention.

When bending by means of the bending device according to the invention in a profile, the outer dimension forming wall between two tools is partially compressed by advancing the workpiece to be bent (profile), ie squeezed. Thus, the stretch required for bending caused by compression (crushing) of the wall on one side of the workpiece. The material is compressed (squeezed) in the radial direction and consequently causes an expansion in the axial direction, so that a bend occurs in a profile. As a result, compression on the opposite side, for example a pipe wall, can likewise occur in the axial direction of the profile to be bent. In this method, the degree of bending can be adjusted relatively accurately by the corresponding force, with no impact movements must be applied to the prior art and the risk of overstretching is avoided. Pressure elements and counter-pressure elements are delivered to each other as close as desired and by the predetermined gap cross section, the bending can be effected as desired. During a bending process, the printing and counter-pressure elements can be moved in the radial direction so that the gap size and / or the gap shape changes. As a result, the material surface is in a visually better condition, and there are no additional tools such as wrinkles needed to keep the surface in a visually good condition. By turning the profile to be bent and then upsetting any bending shapes can be made. By adjusting the feed and thus the size of the sections is also in a simple way, the bend, ie the bending extent or the bending direction, influenced. The feed is not only intermittent, but can also be continuous. Higher quality surfaces are achieved in profiles to be bent, when the force is applied across an upper and / or a lower roll. In order to give the profile arbitrary shapes, various bends can be achieved that, according to a preferred embodiment, the force on the roller surface is different. Due to the one-sided compression (crushing) of the profile, for example on the top, the compression (crushing) of the material and thus the change in length in this area only in an edge region, so that a corresponding curvature of the profile can be effected.

A correspondingly configured device of an exemplary embodiment has a die for guiding the material to be bent, wherein a roller or roller introducing the force on the die can be moved laterally in the direction of the workpiece. Furthermore, an insertable into the workpiece (inserted) mandrel is provided, against which the roller or roller is movable (predetermined delivery) to compress the workpiece material between the mandrel and the roller or roll (squeezing) and to an extension in the axial direction cause.

A device for bending profiles has at least one roller, roller as a force-introducing tool. The application of force to the roller surface can be different.

In preferred various embodiments of the bending device according to the invention, the at least one pressure element as a movable roller or movable rollers and the counter-pressure element as the one or more rollers opposite mandrel is formed, which is at least partially positioned adjacent to the inner periphery of the hollow profile.

According to the invention, the gap is adjustable in size and / or cross-sectional shape. By a different delivery of the one or more printing elements to the or the counter-pressure elements can be any gap shapes and sizes set, which can cause a variety of bruises on the passed through the gap profile wall sections. Bend radii in a wide range and also a wide variety of bending shapes can be produced.

The profile to be bent can be pushed through the gap and / or pulled through. This has the advantage that, depending on the profile size, material thickness of the profile to be bent and / or profile contour most different modes of transport can be selected to pass the profile to be bent by the limited pressure and counter-pressure elements gap It is understood that the bending tool (pressure - And counter-pressure elements) moves relative to the profile to be bent, axialverfahren can be achieved in order to achieve the desired bend in the profile to be bent.

The printing elements may be formed as rollers and / or rollers and as counter-pressure elements offer themselves to mandrel shapes. The counter-pressure elements abut against inner wall cross-sectional areas of the profile wall to be bent, and it is understood that the outer contours of the pressure elements and the counter-pressure elements are adapted to the profile shape to be bent.

In a further embodiment of the bending device according to the invention, one or more rollers are rotatably mounted parallel to the axial course of the profile to be bent or with a roller rotation axis running transversely to the axial course of the profile to be bent.

The one or more rollers can be pressurized differently over their extent transversely to the axial course of the profile to be bent, so that different bending directions can be generated on a profile to be bent with this pressure setting.

Furthermore, the bending direction of a profile to be bent can be influenced by the fact that the profile in the bending direction via holding means, such as a chuck, held stationary during a bending operation, axially displaced and / or rotated about an axis of the profile.

In a preferred embodiment of the bending device according to the invention, the bending device has a stationary profile guide housing. Around the profile guide housing around an eccentric unit is rotatably mounted and regardless of the eccentric unit or the pressure elements is rotatably mounted on the eccentric unit.

The one or more pressure elements can be adjusted independently of the eccentric unit in their assignment to the profile guide housing. The eccentric unit can be formed from a first and a second circular one above the other arranged in a circle rotatable relative to each other rotatable tubes. In one embodiment, the circular tubes can be fixed in any rotational position.

The one or more pressure elements may be adjustable in one embodiment of the bending device according to the invention via one or more wedge bars or one or more conical sleeves in their assignment to the profile guide housing.

If the pressure elements are arranged to be rotatable about the profile guide housing, material squeezing over the circumference of a profile can take place relatively uniformly.

It is also advantageous if the eccentric unit is adjustable hydraulically or via a transmission.

With the device according to the invention can profiles with arbitrary cross-sectional shapes and circumferentially closed profiles, such as circular tubes, with different bending radii and bends of the profiles in different directions in high form and repeatability produced. Cracks and uncontrolled deformations on the profiles to be bent are avoided. The spatial course of the bending of a profile is only minimally limited by the bending tools, so that any shapes can be made with one and the same bending device on the profile to be bent.

The individual figures of the drawing show functional principles and an embodiment of the bending device according to the invention highly schematized. The individual features drawn are not to scale. Features of the bending device according to the invention are shown so that their inventive structure can be clearly shown.

Fig. 1

das Biegeprinzip einer nicht erfindungsgemäßen Biegevorrichtung im Längsschnitt;

Fig. 2

einen Schnitt gemäß II-II von Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

das Prinzip einer erfindungsgemäßen Biegevorrichtung im Längsschnitt mit als Rollen ausgebildeten Druckelementen;

Fig. 4

einen Schnitt IV-IV gemäß Fig. 3;

Fig. 5

ein erfindungsgemäßes Biegeprinzip im Längsschnitt mit Rollen als Druckelemente und einem Dorn als Gegendruckelement;

Fig. 6

eine Ansicht VI-VI von Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

ein nicht erfindungsgemäßes Biegeprinzip in Seitenansicht mit einem zu biegenden H-Profil;

Fig. 8

eine Ansicht VIII-VIII von Fig. 7;

Fig. 9

ein nicht erfindungsgemäßes Biegeprinzip in Seitenansicht mit Rollen/Walzen als Druck- und Gegendruckelement;

Fig. 10

eine Ansicht X-X von Fig. 9;

Fig. 11

nicht erfindungsgemäßes Biegeprinzip in Vorderansicht mit einem zu biegenden U-Profil;

Fig. 12

eine Seitenansicht einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Biegevorrichtung;

Fig. 13

einen Längsschnitt durch ein Biegewerkzeug der Biegevorrichtung von Fig. 12;

Fig. 14

eine Detailansicht von Druckelementen einer erfindungsgemäßen Biegevorrichtung im Längsschnitt;

Fig. 15

eine Ansicht XV-XV gemäß Fig. 14;

Fig.16

eine Detailansicht von Druckelementen einer erfindungsgemäßen Biegevorrichtung mit Konushülsen;

Fig. 17

eine Ansicht XVII-XVII von Fig. 16;

Fig. 18

einen weiteren Schnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Biegewerkzeug einer Biegevorrichtung im Bereich der Druckelemente;

Fig. 19a

eine Prinzipdarstellung von einer Exzentereinheit einer erfindungsgemäßen Biegevorrichtung in neutraler Stellung; und

Fig. 19b

eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Exzentereinheit einer erfindungsgemäßen Biegevorrichtung in Ausnutzung der maximalen Exzentrizität.

It shows:

Fig. 1

the bending principle of a bending device not according to the invention in longitudinal section;

Fig. 2

a section according to II-II of Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

the principle of a bending device according to the invention in longitudinal section with trained as rollers printing elements;

Fig. 4

a section IV-IV according to Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 5

an inventive bending principle in longitudinal section with rollers as printing elements and a mandrel as a counter-pressure element;

Fig. 6

a VI-VI view of Fig. 5 ;

Fig. 7

a not according to the invention bending principle in side view with an H-profile to be bent;

Fig. 8

a view VIII-VIII of Fig. 7 ;

Fig. 9

a non-inventive bending principle in side view with rollers / rollers as a pressure and counter-pressure element;

Fig. 10

a view XX from Fig. 9 ;

Fig. 11

not according to the invention bending principle in front view with a U-profile to be bent;

Fig. 12

a side view of an embodiment of a bending device according to the invention;

Fig. 13

a longitudinal section through a bending tool of the bending device of Fig. 12 ;

Fig. 14

a detailed view of printing elements of a bending device according to the invention in longitudinal section;

Fig. 15

a view XV-XV according to Fig. 14 ;

Figure 16

a detailed view of printing elements of a bending device according to the invention with Konushülsen;

Fig. 17

a view XVII-XVII of Fig. 16 ;

Fig. 18

a further section through an inventive bending tool of a bending device in the region of the pressure elements;

Fig. 19a

a schematic diagram of an eccentric unit of a bending device according to the invention in a neutral position; and

Fig. 19b

a schematic diagram of an eccentric unit of a bending device according to the invention in the use of maximum eccentricity.

Fig. 1 10 shows a bending principle for a non-inventive bending device with a die 11, through which a circular tube 12 can be pushed. The die 11 holds and stabilizes the tube 12 in its orientation. The die 11 is arranged stationary. In the tube 12, a mandrel 13 is arranged, which rests against the inner circumference of the tube 12 and in diameter is as large as the free tube diameter of the tube 12. The mandrel 13 is fixedly connected to a mandrel bar 14 through which the mandrel thirteenth is fixed in position and is immovably disposed in the tube 12 during a bending process. The tube 12 can be moved in the direction of arrow 15 through the die 11 and over the mandrel 13 away. A movable in the direction of arrows 16 punch 17 is arranged at the end of the die 11 so that it also presses on a pressure on the tube 12 on the mandrel 13, which forms a stamp formed for 17 abutment. The punch 17 comprises in the embodiment of Fig. 1 the half pipe outer circumference The punch 17 can be pressed so strong on the tube outer peripheral surface that the tube 12 is squeezed in the region of the punch 17 and thus elongated. This results in a bend on the tube 12. It is understood that the tube 12 can be crimped with a plurality of arranged around the circumference of the tube 12 movable punches. If the tube 12 is not circular in cross-section, then movable punches may be used, which cover different outer peripheral surfaces of the tube, and also the cross-sectional shape of a mandrel is always adapted to the inner circumference of a tube to be bent, so that the mandrel an effective abutment to can form the movable stamps.

The pipe of Fig. 1 , in the interior of which an axially displaceable mandrel 13 is arranged, is machined by a compression (crushing) in the radial direction and subsequent expansion in the axial direction of a pipe wall between the movable punch 17 and the mandrel 13. The die 11 serves to guide and as an abutment maintain the punch 17 to receive the force applied by the punch 17. By axial section feed of the tube 12, the tube 12 can be bent in the appropriate desired orm. Optionally, a wrinkle smoother can also be used here. By the appropriate introduction of force the desired bend is determined.

Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of the bending principle 10 from the Fig. 1 in a view II-II. The tube 12 is held stable in the die 11, and the diameter shape of the tube 12 is ensured by the perfect filling of the free pipe diameter even if the punch 17 is pressed in the direction of arrows 16 so strong on the outer circumference of the tube 12 that the tube 12 is squeezed in the contact area of the punch 17 on Rohraußenumfang. The punch 17 encloses the tube 12 substantially to half of the circumference, and over this area causes the punch a compression pinching in the radial direction and an elongation of the tube 12 in the axial direction. The punch 17 opposite peripheral surface of the pipe to be bent 12 is located in the die eleventh

Fig. 3 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a bending principle 20 according to the invention. A die 21 guides a circular tube 22 to be bent in an axially stable manner even under the introduction of force, and a mandrel 23 arranged in the tube 22 which can be fixed in place via a mandrel rod 24 ensures that that even under the action of force on the outer circumference of the tube 22 whose original pipe diameter or pipe shape is not changed.
The circular tube 22 can be pushed continuously in the direction of arrow 25 through the die 21 for bending the tube 22. In the direction of arrow 26 rotate on the outer circumference of the tube 22 rollers 27 which are adapted to the outer contour of the tube 22. The rollers 27 can press on their roller surfaces 28 differently strong on the outer circumference of the tube 22 and thus bend under compression of the circular tube 22.

Fig. 4 shows that in Fig. 3 illustrated bending principle in the view IV-IV. The tube 22 is stabilized over the mandrel 23 in shape, and on the outer circumference of the tube 22, the rollers 27 press on their roller surfaces 28 different degrees, so that a desired bend on the tube 22 can be generated. The rollers 27 can be moved to each other to different degrees and rotate in each direction in the direction of arrow 26. In the fig. 4 is dash-dotted yet the axis of rotation of the rollers 27 located. It is also possible to tilt the axis of rotation of the rollers 27 from the position shown in the figure, so that the necessary force for the crushing of a hollow profile can be introduced differently strong over the roller surface on the hollow profile to be bent.

Fig. 5 shows a bending principle 30 according to the invention with a stationary arranged die 31 and guided in the die 31 tube 32 which has a circular cross-section. In the tube 32, a mandrel 33 is arranged, which is pushed over a mandrel 34 into a position suitable for bending the tube 32. The to be bent tube 32 passes in the direction of arrow 35, the die 31 and the arrow direction 36 rollers 37 are delivered as pressure elements of Rohraußenwandung so that when pushing the tube 32 through the die 31 and positioned position of the mandrel 33, the tube 32 on the outer peripheral surface is squeezed. The rollers 37 are mounted in a roller carrier 38 which can rotate about the tube 32 to be bent.

Fig. 6 shows a view VI-VI Fig. 5 wherein the roller carrier 38 obscures the rollers 37. Inside the tube 32, the mandrel 33 is arranged so that it fills the entire cavity of the tube 32 and so can form an effective counter-bearing and counter-pressure element to the pressure elements, here rollers 37. The rollers 37 are delivered in the direction of arrow 36 to the mandrel 33 so far that only a gap between the mandrel 33 and the rollers 37 remains, which causes the passage of the tube 32 through the gap the desired pinch and thus the desired bend.

Fig. 7 shows a further not according to the invention bending principle 40 in side view. In a die 41, an H-profile 42 to be bent is displaceably guided and on the side inner walls and on the web of the H-profile 42 to be bent, jaws 43 are applied on both sides, which form the counterpressure elements. In the direction of arrow 45 to be bent H-profile 42 is passed through the die 41, and under delivery in the direction of arrow 46 of rollers 47, the outer surfaces of the bending H-profile 42 are squeezed. For the pinch shown in the figure, the upper roller 47 is closer to the jaws 43 delivered as the lower roller 47. During the bending process there is no change in delivery.

In Fig. 8 is an VIII-VIII view of Fig. 7 shown, and the transport direction of the H-profile 42 to be bent by the bending device takes place from the plane of the drawing. The jaws 43 stabilize the H-profile 42 to be bent on both sides, and the bending of the H-profile 42 is triggered via the rollers 47, which may also be designed as rollers. About the arrows 46, the delivery of the rollers 47 to the jaws 43 is indicated.

In the FIGS. 7 and 8 the bending principle is shown using an H-profile 42 with an upper roller 47 as a force-introducing tool and a lower roller 47 as an abutment and / or also as a force-introducing tool. The leadership of the H-profile 42 via the jaws 43, which also form an abutment for the rollers 47. Side of the H-profile 42 are, as in the Fig. 8 Even better seen, provided jaws 43, between which and the rollers 47, the compression of the material takes place. The initiation of the force required for the crushing of the H-profile 42 takes place via the rollers 47, wherein the introduction of force across the roller surface can be different. If the introduction of force via the roller surface is initiated differently on the H-profile 42 to be bent, then, for example, a lateral curvature from the plane of the drawing Fig. 7 be carried out. A curvature of the H-profile 42 to be bent, as in Fig. 7 shown, by a uniform force on the roller surfaces of the rollers 47 on the H-profile 42nd

Fig. 9 shows another not according to the invention bending principle 50 in side view with an H-profile to be bent 52. As counter-pressure elements rollers / rollers 53 are used and the bending H-profile 52 is in the direction of arrow 55 during a Bending process transported. With arrows 56, the delivery of the printing elements, here rollers / rollers 57, indicated, with the rollers 57 press on the outer surface of the bending H-profile 52. During a bending operation of the H-profile 52, both the rollers 53 and the rollers 57 rotate. Arrows 56 'show the direction of feed of the rollers 53 (counter-pressure elements) to the inner wall of the H-profile 52.

Fig. 10 shows a view XX of Fig. 9 in which the H-profile 52 to be bent is guided out of the drawing plane when passing through a bending process. The rollers 57 urging in the direction of arrow 56 on the outer surfaces of the bending H-profile 52 and the rollers 53 form the counter-pressure element and can also be pressed in different directions in the direction of arrow 56 'on the inner walls of the H-profile to be bent 52. The bending principle 50 from the FIGS. 9 and 10 is particularly advantageous for continuous feed due to the reduced wear associated with the use of rolls during a bending process. It is understood that not necessarily four rollers 53 must be used as counter-pressure elements, and a bend is possible even with simpler H-profiles 52 with thin walls when only one roller 57 is used for the.

Fig. 11 , shows a non-inventive bending principle 60 for a U-profile 62 to be bent, in which a roller 63 or an anvil is used as a counter-pressure element. For bending the U-profile 62, the U-profile 62 to be bent passes over the roller 63 or over the anvil, for example out of the plane of the drawing and via a desired delivery in the direction of the arrow 66 of rollers 67 or rolls, the desired bending at the U-profile 62. Profile 62 are performed. The Rollers 67 can be subjected to varying degrees of pressure stress, viewed over their roller surface, so that a wide variety of bending shapes are possible with the bending principle 60 according to the invention.

Fig. 12 shows a bending device 70 according to the invention in side view with a bending tool 71 for bending circular tubes 72. In the circular tube 72 is inserted in the longitudinal direction of the tube 72 its mandrel whose mandrel 74 is positionally fixed to the bending device 70 in a desired position. The tube 72 can be pushed in the direction of arrow 75 by the bending tool 71. Via a drive belt 76, which is connected to a rotary drive motor 77 for the bending tool 71, the bending tool 71 can rotate about the circular blank 72. An adjustment device for an eccentric unit of the bending device 70 is shown at 78, with which the bending tool 71 can be moved out with its axis of rotation from the longitudinal axis of the circular tube 72. In a neutral position of the bending device 70, the axis of rotation of the bending tool 71 with the pipe to be bent 72 is congruent. If the axis of rotation - moved to the longitudinal axis of the tube 72, the bending tool 71 presses differently on wall cross-sectional areas of the profile wall of the pipe to be bent 72. About a chuck 79, the pipe to be bent 72 is held in the bending device 70, and a pipe feed unit 80 can the tube 72 to be bent are pushed through the bending tool 71. The chuck 79 can also be rotated if necessary, so that with a rotation of the tube 72 via the chuck 79 different bending directions of the pipe to be bent 72 can be achieved.

Fig. 13 shows a section of the bending device according to the invention with the bending tool 71 in section. The tube to be bent 72 passes through a profile guide housing 81, 82, in which the pipe to be bent 72 is guided in a positionally stable displaceable manner. Internally, the tube 72 to be bent is stabilized by a mandrel 73, which is held stationary by the mandrel 74 during a bending process in a desired position. On the stationary profile guide housing 81, 82, the eccentric unit is arranged, which is rotatable to the profile guide housing 81, 82. The eccentric unit is formed from a first and a second tube 83, 84, each of which, viewed over its circumference, have different wall thicknesses. The tubes 83, 84 can be rotated more or less strongly against one another, so that the bending tool 71 rotatably mounted on the eccentric unit can be displaced out of the longitudinal axis of the tube 72 to a greater or lesser extent. If the tubes 83, 84 are rotated relative to one another, the axes of the eccentric unit and the circular tube 72 to be bent are no longer congruent, and the bending tool 71 rotatably mounted on the eccentric unit rotates eccentrically about the longitudinal axis of the tube 72 to be bent. The bearing of the bending tool 71 on the second tube 84 of the eccentric unit is indicated in the figure by the reference numeral 85.

In the bending tool 71, which rotates during a bending process about the eccentric unit, consisting of the first and second tube 83, 84, rollers 86 are formed as pressure elements, which are rotatably mounted in axes 87. The rollers 86 press on their roller surfaces 88 on the outer peripheral surface of the tube to be bent 72. If the bending tool 71 rotates about the tube 72 to be bent, the rollers 86 squeeze in different wall cross-sectional areas to be bent Tube 72 different degrees, so that from this force introduction a bending of the tube 72 takes place. In different wall section areas pipe to be bent 72 is compressed differently elongated.

Regardless of the eccentric unit, which is formed by the first and second tube 83, 84, the rollers 86 can be moved over one or more wedge bars 89 in their delivery to the tube 72 to be bent. The rollers 86 are mounted in a roller housing 90 which is slidably mounted in the housing of the bending tool 71. If the wedge bars 89 are displaced in the direction of arrow 91, then the diameter of a roller circulation path for the rollers 86 decreases, and the pressure on the circular tube 72 to be bent is increased. Also, the pressure that the rollers 86 exert on the outer peripheral surface of the circular tube 72 to be bent can be reduced by sliding the wedge bars 89 back against the direction of the arrow 91.

With the in Fig. 12 shown bending forces acting on a circular tube 72 to be bent forces both by a suitable adjustment of the eccentric unit as well as by the adjustment of the rollers 86 to each other independently pretend.

Fig. 14 shows in a simplified representation in section again an adjustment of the rollers 86 wedge bars 89, which are part of the bending tool 71. The profile guide housing 81, 82 is indicated in the figure, it leads the tube 72 to be bent in his by the bending device. The mandrel 73, held on mandrel 74, on the one hand supports the profile contour and serves on the other hand as an abutment for the rollers 86 which form the pressure element. The rollers 86 are rotatably mounted in a roller housing 90 which is displaceable within the housing of the bending tool 71 via the wedge bars 89. The bending tool rotates in the in Fig. 7 shown eccentric shape about the longitudinal axis of the tube to be bent 72 and squeezes in the upper part of the tube to be bent 72 than in the lower region. This is with a profile wall cross-sectional dilution in the Fig. 14 indicated. The tube 72 to be bent is pushed in the direction of arrow 75 by the bending device.

Fig. 15 shows a view XV-XV of Fig. 14 , The tube 72 to be bent is internally filled by the mandrel 73, and on the outer peripheral surfaces rollers 86 press on the outer circumference of the tube 72. The rollers 86 are rotatably supported on shafts 87 disposed in the roller housing 90. The roller housing 90 can be moved via wedge scans 89. The bending tool can rotate in the direction of arrow 92 about the tube 72 to be bent. The in the Fig. 15 Components not described in more detail are parts of the bending tool 71, which hold together and support the individual printing elements, here roller 86

Fig. 16 shows a further embodiment of a bending tool 100, which can be used in a bending device according to the invention. A profile guide housing 101 guides a tube 102 to be bent in a positionally stable manner by means of the bending device according to the invention, and a mandrel 103 supports and secures the cross-sectional shape of the tube 102 to be bent. The mandrel 103 is held over the mandrel rod 104, and the tube 102 to be bent can be passed over Mandrel 103 and the mandrel 104 through the profile guide housing 101 in the arrow direction 105 are pushed. By way of displacement of the conical sleeves 107 towards one another, the rollers 106 can be adjusted at a distance from each other and via this adjustment the pressure on the outer peripheral surface of a tube 102 to be bent can be increased or decreased become. The rotatably mounted in a cage rollers 106 are driven via the rotation of the cone sleeve 107 via static friction.

In Fig. 17 is a view. XVII-XVII of Fig. 16 shown. The tube to be bent 102 is completely filled in the interior lurch the mandrel 103, and against the mandrel 103 is about the rollers 106, the tube to be bent 102 squeezed by the bending tool in one of. Arrow directions 106 rotates about the pipe 102 to be bent. The conical rings 107 allow a different displacement of the rollers 106, which are rotatably mounted in a cage, in weighting the outer peripheral surface of the tube to be bent 102nd

Fig. 18 shows a different section through bending tool, as it can be used in the bending device according to the invention. A tube 112 to be bent is stabilized by a mandrel 113, which simultaneously forms an abutment for the pressure elements. In a roller housing 115 rollers 116 are rotatably mounted, which squeeze the pipe to be bent 112 at a rotational rotation in one of the arrow directions 118, seen over the circumference of the tube to be bent 112, different degrees, so that the tube to be bent 112 112 different after a bending operation has strong pipe wall cross-sections in the bending area. Via wedge bars 119, the roller housing 115 can be moved within the housing of a bending tool.

It is understood that in the FIGS. 13 to 17 shown Axialzustellungen to a pipe to be bent is additionally influenced by an eccentric which can rotate a rotatable about a pipe to be bent bending tool about the pipe longitudinal axis of the pipe to be bent.

In Fig. 19a is shown very schematically the construction of an eccentric unit 125, as it may be formed in a bending device of the type according to the invention. The eccentric unit 125 is formed by two, seen in cross-section, eccentric tubes 126, 127 which are rotatable relative to each other and can be fixed in any rotational position. In the Fig. 19a the two tubes 126, 127 are shown in a zero position, ie that the total wall thickness, seen in cross-section, is constant over the entire circumference of the eccentric unit 125. That is, a bending device rotating on a circular path 129 rotates in a zero position with an axis of rotation which is congruent with the longitudinal axis of the pipe to be bent.

In Fig. 19b an extreme position of the eccentric unit 125 is shown. The tubes 126, 127 are maximally rotated with respect to their respective eccentricity. That is, a bending tool rotates on the circular path 129 about the eccentric unit 125, so in the uppermost point of the circulation path, the bending tool is pressed maximum to the outer peripheral surface of the tube to be bent, and at the bottom of the circular path 129, the pressure elements have the maximum distance (smallest system pressure) to the outer peripheral surface of the pipe to be bent.

In a device for bending a pipe 72, the pipe 72 is guided by a bending tool 71 which rotates about a profile 81, 82 and about an eccentric unit formed by two tubes 83, 84. Rollers 86 serve as pressure elements and a mandrel 73 as an abutment, and between the rollers 86 and the mandrel 73, the pushed through the profile guide housing 81, 82 tube 72 is squeezed different degrees at different areas, so that by an elongation and a compression of the Tube 72 is generated a bend. A measure of the size of a bending radius on a pipe 72 to be bent is the eccentricity set via the eccentric unit and / or an axial feed of the rollers 86 to the profile guide housing 81, 82. With bending tool 71 according to the invention, different bending radii can be applied in one and the same bending device form a pipe to be bent 72 by the delivery, ie the distance between the rollers 86 and the mandrel 73 changes. Uncontrolled cracks or deformations do not occur. The spatial sale of the bend of a pipe 72 to be bent is only minimally limited by the bending tool 71 used, so that any shapes are produced on a profile to be bent.

Claims (13)

1. Device for bending profiles (22, 32, 72, 102, 112) with a profile wall which has wall cross-sectional areas at a differing distance from the axis of the bend which is to be executed, comprising a bending tool with at least one pressure element (27, 37, 86, 106, 116) and with least one mating pressure element (23, 33, 73, 103, 113) associated with a pressure element, wherein at least one pressure element (27, 37, 86, 106, 116) and at least one mating pressure element (23, 33, 73, 103, 113) associated with the can be moved relative to one another in a cross-sectional direction associated with the cross section of the profile wall and are advanced towards one another while maintaining a gap with a gap width which at least in a cross-sectional area associated with a wall cross-sectional area of the profile wall lying on the outside related to the axis of the bend is smaller than the associated wall cross-sectional area of the profile (22, 32, 72, 102, 112) which is to be bent and can be transported through the gap while at least the wall cross-sectional area of the profile wall lying on the outside related to the axis of the bend is squeezed and lengthened in longitudinal direction of the profile, wherein a wall cross-sectional area of the profile wall lying on the inside related to the axis of the bend remains unpressurised or is pressurised on both sides in the cross-sectional direction and in the process squeezed and lengthened in the longitudinal direction of the profile to a lesser degree than the wall cross-sectional area lying on the outside, characterised in that the pressure element or elements is/are formed as (a) roller(s) and or (a) roll(s) (27, 37, 86, 106, 116) associated with the of the profile wall, and that a mandrel (23, 33, 73, 103, 113) is provided as the mating pressure element, which mandrel can be applied to the inside of the profile wall.
2. Device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the gap can be adjusted in size and/or cross-sectional shape.
3. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the profile (22, 32, 72, 102, 112) is pushed and/or pulled through the gap.
4. Device according to any one of Claims 1, to 3, characterised in that the roller, roll or plurality of rollers, rolls (27, 37, 86, 106, 116) is/are rotatably mounted parallel to the axial orientation of the profile (22, 32, 72, 102, 112) or with a roller axis of rotation which is transverse to the axial orientation of the profile (22, 32, 72, 102, 112).
5. Device according to Claim 4, characterised in that the roller(s) and/or roll(s) (27, 37, 86, 106, 116) and/or the mandrel (23, 33, 73, 103, 113) can be pressurised to differing degrees over its/their extent transversely to the axial orientation of the profile (22, 32, 72, 102, 112).
6. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that during a bending operation the profile (72) is held stationary, can be axially displaced and/or about an axis of the profile (72) by way of holding means, such as a chuck (79).
7. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the device for bending has a stationary profile guide housing (81, 82) and an eccentric unit (83, 84) which rotatably surrounds the profile guide housing (81, 82) and on which the roller(s) and/or roll(s) (86), which is/are rotatably mounted independently of the accentric unit (83, 84), are disposed.
8. Device according to Claim 7, characterised in that the roller(s) and/or roll(s) (86) can be adjusted in its/their association with the profile guide housing (81, 82) independently of the eccentric unit (83, 84)
9. Device according to Claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the eccentric unit is formed from a first and a second tube (83, 84), wherein, viewed in cross section, the tubes (83, 84) are disposed one above the other and can be rotated relative to one another and, viewed over the circumference, the tubes (83, 84) have different wall thicknesses.
10. Device according to Claim 9, characterised in that the circular tubes (83, 84) can be fixed in any rotational position.
11. Device according to any one of Claims 5 to 10, characterised in that the roller(s) and/or roll(s) (86; 106) can be adjusted in their association with the profile guide housing (81, 82, 101) by way of one or a plurality of wedge rod(s) (89) or one or a plurality of cone sleeve(s) (107).
12. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the roller(s) and/or roll(s) (27, 37, 86, 106, 116) are disposed so that they can rotate about the profile (22, 32, 72, 102, 112) which is to be bent.
13. Device according to any one of Claims 7 to 12, characterised in that the eccentric unit (83, 84) can be adjusted hydraulically, pneumatically or by way of a mechanical gear unit.

Images