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EP1379773B1 - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1379773B1
EP1379773B1 EP02727237A EP02727237A EP1379773B1 EP 1379773 B1 EP1379773 B1 EP 1379773B1 EP 02727237 A EP02727237 A EP 02727237A EP 02727237 A EP02727237 A EP 02727237A EP 1379773 B1 EP1379773 B1 EP 1379773B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
valve seat
ejection openings
valve
seat body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02727237A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1379773A1 (en
Inventor
Guido Pilgram
Joerg Heyse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1379773A1 publication Critical patent/EP1379773A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1379773B1 publication Critical patent/EP1379773B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/30—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped
    • F02M2200/306—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped using mechanical means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S239/00—Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
    • Y10S239/90—Electromagnetically actuated fuel injector having ball and seat type valve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a fuel injection system for a mixture-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engine which comprises a fuel injection valve which injects fuel into a combustion chamber formed by a piston / cylinder construction and is provided with a spark plug protruding into the combustion chamber.
  • the fuel injection valve is provided with at least one row of injection holes distributed over the circumference of the fuel injection valve. Through a targeted injection of fuel through the injection holes, a spray-guided combustion process is achieved by forming a mixture cloud with at least one jet.
  • a disadvantage of the fuel injection valve known from the above publication is in particular the coking of the spray openings, which thereby clog and reduce the flow through the fuel injector unacceptably high. This leads to malfunction of the internal combustion engine.
  • An electromagnetic fuel injection valve with a longitudinal axis for an internal combustion engine which has a nozzle body having a transverse wall with an inside and an outside through which a fuel path leads to the outside, an annular valve seat on the inside of the transverse wall, which surrounds the fuel path longitudinally movable Anchor which carries at its end facing the valve seat a plastic insert with flat sealing ring surface and is pressed by a spring against the valve seat, and having a valve seat which encloses an inner chamber, in the bottom of which at least two nozzle openings are arranged whose axes with the longitudinal axis Inclination angle include ⁇ and the fuel jet thereby determined have a diverging direction.
  • the depth of the inner chamber is equal to or less than a quarter of the inner diameter of the valve seat and the nozzle body has on the outside of the transverse wall an outer chamber which extends between the transverse wall and an outlet opening and is bounded by a cylindrical wall.
  • the US-A-6 131 826 discloses a combined valve seat body and orifice plate valve.
  • the valve seat body and the spray hole disc are integrally formed from a flat deformable workpiece.
  • the workpiece is cup-shaped so that it in the region of the valve seat surface against the non-actuated valve closing body in the closed state of the valve sealingly and in an area upstream of the valve seat surface forms the at least one injection orifice having spray perforated disk.
  • the US-A-5,881,957 describes a fuel injection valve having a valve seat body, which has a nozzle body on its end face facing the combustion chamber.
  • the nozzle body has an outer diameter which substantially corresponds to that of the valve seat body.
  • the nozzle body is constructed of a circular bottom and a cylindrical side wall which protrudes from the bottom in the direction of the combustion chamber.
  • a fuel injection valve is described, which consists of an injection body and an adapter which is mounted at one end of the injection body and protrudes therefrom toward the combustion chamber.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the features of the independent claim 1 has the advantage that the injection openings are mounted so that the circulating in the combustion chamber mixture flows are shielded from the injection orifices of the multi-hole fuel injection valve and thereby no fuel can settle in the region of the injection openings.
  • the ejection openings are arranged within a round or oval complete or partial annular wall, which is high enough to shield each of the ejection openings against the circulating in the combustion chamber flows.
  • the annular wall is advantageously rotated in the production of the valve seat body together with this from a workpiece.
  • Fig. 1 shows in an excerpt sectional view of an embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention 1.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is designed in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compression, spark-ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is suitable for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 is in operative connection with a valve closing body 4, which is arranged with a arranged on a valve seat body 5 valve seat surface 6 to a Tight fit together.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1, which has two injection openings 7.
  • the valve closing body 4 of the inventively designed fuel injection valve 1 has a nearly spherical shape. As a result, an offset-free, gimbal valve needle guide is achieved, which ensures an exact functioning of the fuel injection valve 1.
  • the valve seat body 5 of the fuel injection valve 1 is formed almost pot-shaped and contributes by its shape to the valve needle guide.
  • the valve seat body 5 is inserted into a spray-side recess 34 of the nozzle body 2 and connected by a weld 35 to the nozzle body 2.
  • the nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated by a gap 26 and are based on a connecting member 29 from.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is energized via a line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied with electric current.
  • the plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic casing 18, which may be molded on the inner pole 13.
  • valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is designed disk-shaped.
  • armature 20 On the other side of the dial 15 is an armature 20. This is frictionally connected via a first flange 21 with the valve needle 3 in connection, which is connected by a weld 22 with the first flange 21.
  • a return spring 23 On the first flange 21, a return spring 23 is supported, which in the present design of the Fuel injection valve 1 is brought by a sleeve 24 to bias.
  • a second flange 31 is arranged, which serves as a lower anchor stop. He is connected via a weld 33 non-positively with the valve needle 3. Between the armature 20 and the second flange 31, an elastic intermediate ring 32 for damping armature bouncers when closing the fuel injection valve 1 is arranged.
  • valve needle guide 14 in the armature 20 and the valve seat body 5 run fuel channels 30a to 30c, which conduct the fuel, which is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25, to the ejection openings 7.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a distribution line, not shown.
  • a ring wall 37 which in the present Embodiment two spray openings 7 at least partially surrounds.
  • the first flange 21 is acted on the valve needle 3 by the return spring 23 counter to its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat 6 in sealing engagement.
  • the armature 20 is located on the intermediate ring 32nd on, which is supported on the second flange 31. Upon excitation of the magnetic coil 10, this builds up a magnetic field, which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction. In this case, the armature 20 takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, and thus the valve needle 3 also in the stroke direction with.
  • the valve closing body 4, which is in operative connection with the valve needle 3, lifts off from the valve seat surface 6, as a result of which the fuel conducted via the fuel channels 30a to 30c to the injection opening 7 is hosed down.
  • the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the return spring 23 on the first flange 21 from the inner pole 13, whereby the valve needle 3 moves against the stroke direction.
  • the valve closing body 4 is seated on the valve seat surface 6, and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed.
  • the armature 20 is seated on the anchor stop formed by the second flange 31.
  • Fig. 2 shows in an excerpted sectional view the in Fig. 1 with II designated section of the in Fig. 1 illustrated first embodiment of an inventively designed fuel injector. 1
  • valve seat body 5 at its the combustion chamber facing convex curved end face 36 formed integrally with the valve seat body annular wall 37 which surrounds the ejection openings 7 at least partially.
  • the annular wall 37 is designed so that it projects beyond each of the ejection openings 7 in the axial direction, so that for each ejection opening 7 a shield against the circulating in the combustion chamber mixture flows is achieved.
  • the ejection openings 7 are formed in the present embodiment in a convexly curved end face 36 of the valve seat body 5.
  • the ejection openings 7 can be mounted within the annular wall 37 at arbitrary points. Preferably, they are arranged on a plurality of round or elliptical hole circles, which may be concentric or eccentric to each other, or on a plurality of parallel, obliquely or staggered straight or curved rows of holes.
  • the distance between the hole centers may be equidistant or different, but should be at least one hole diameter for manufacturing reasons.
  • the spatial orientation may be different for each hole axis, as in FIG Fig. 2 for two ejection openings 7 indicated.
  • the ring wall 37 can already be manufactured in one piece with it during the production of the valve seat body 5, which is preferably produced by turning. A subsequent attachment of the annular wall 37, for example by means of welding or soldering is conceivable.
  • the coking of the ejection openings 7 can be reduced. Since the diameter of the ejection openings 7 is typically about 100 microns, the risk that the ejection openings 7 clogged by coking with time and thus the flow rate is unduly restricted, relatively large.
  • the annular wall 37 Through the annular wall 37, a return flow of the fuel to the ejection openings 7 and consequently a fuel deposit and subsequent coking when burning the combustion chamber contents can be avoided.
  • the axial height of the annular wall 37 may be relatively small, since the mixture flow impinges on the tip of the fuel injection valve 1 due to the conditions prevailing in the combustion chamber approximately perpendicular to the alignment of the ejection openings 7.
  • Fig. 3 shows in the same representation as Fig. 2 a non-inventive fuel injection valve. Matching components are provided with matching reference numerals.
  • a shielding of the outlets of the spray openings 7 by means of lowering the outlets.
  • at least one annular groove 38 is introduced into the end face 36 of the valve seat body 5, in which all ejection openings 7 open.
  • the ejection openings 7 are thus set back relative to the end face 36 of the valve seat body 5, so that the return flow of the fuel to the outlets of the spray openings 7 is omitted, since an outer edge 39 of the at least one annular groove 38, the outlets of the spray openings 7 shields.
  • the ejection openings 7 can be arranged arbitrarily, so that the only proviso all discharge openings 7 open in the at least one annular groove.
  • the annular grooves can be oval or round or be formed in the form of pitch circles.
  • annular groove 38 may be formed so that the inner part of the end face 36 of the valve seat body 5 is concavely arched and thus lying in the interior spray holes 7 are also surmounted by the outer edge 39 of the annular groove 38 and shielded in their entirety against the combustion chamber flows.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment and z. B. for arbitrarily arranged spray openings 7, for part-circular annular walls 37 and annular grooves 38 and for any construction applicable to inwardly opening multi-hole fuel injection valves 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim.

Aus der DE 198 04 463 A1 ist ein Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine gemischverdichtende, fremdgezündete Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, welches ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil umfasst, das Brennstoff in einen von einer Kolben-/Zylinderkonstruktion gebildeten Brennraum einspritzt, und mit einer in den Brennraum ragenden Zündkerze versehen ist. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist mit mindestens einer Reihe über den Umfang des Brennstoffeinspritzventils verteilt angeordneten Einspritzlöchern versehen. Durch eine gezielte Einspritzung von Brennstoff über die Einspritzlöcher wird eine strahlgeführtes Brennverfahren durch Bildung einer Gemischwolke mit mindestens einem Strahl realisiert.From the DE 198 04 463 A1 For example, a fuel injection system for a mixture-compression spark-ignition internal combustion engine is known which comprises a fuel injection valve which injects fuel into a combustion chamber formed by a piston / cylinder construction and is provided with a spark plug protruding into the combustion chamber. The fuel injection valve is provided with at least one row of injection holes distributed over the circumference of the fuel injection valve. Through a targeted injection of fuel through the injection holes, a spray-guided combustion process is achieved by forming a mixture cloud with at least one jet.

Nachteilig an dem aus der oben genannten Druckschrift bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist insbesondere die Verkokung der Abspritzöffnungen, welche dadurch verstopfen und den Durchfluss durch das Brennstoffeinspritzventil unzulässig stark vermindern. Dies führt zu Fehlfunktionen der Brennkraftmaschine.A disadvantage of the fuel injection valve known from the above publication is in particular the coking of the spray openings, which thereby clog and reduce the flow through the fuel injector unacceptably high. This leads to malfunction of the internal combustion engine.

In der EP-A-0 348 786 wird ein elektromagnetisches Kraftstoffeinspritzventil mit einer Längsachse für eine Brennkraftmaschine beschrieben, welches einen Düsenkörper aufweist, der eine Querwand mit einer Innenseite und einer Außenseite, durch die ein Kraftstoffweg nach außen führt, einen ringförmigen Ventilsitz auf der Innenseite der Querwand, der den Kraftstoffweg umschließt, einen längsverschieblichen Anker, der an seinem dem Ventilsitz zugewandten Ende einen Kunststoffeinsatz mit planer Dichtringfläche trägt und durch eine Feder gegen den Ventilsitz gedrückt wird, und einen Ventilsitz aufweist, der eine Innenkammer umschließt, in deren Boden mindestens zwei Düsenöffnungen angeordnet sind, deren Achsen mit der Längsachse einen Neigungswinkel α einschließen und die dadurch bestimmten Kraftstoffstrahlen eine divergierende Richtung haben. Die Tiefe der Innenkammer ist dabei gleich oder kleiner als ein Viertel des Innendurchmessers des Ventilsitzes und der Düsenkörper hat auf der Außenseite der Querwand eine Außenkammer, die sich zwischen der Querwand und einer Austrittsöffnung erstreckt und von einer zylinderförmigen Wandung begrenzt ist.In the EP-A-0 348 786 An electromagnetic fuel injection valve with a longitudinal axis for an internal combustion engine is described, which has a nozzle body having a transverse wall with an inside and an outside through which a fuel path leads to the outside, an annular valve seat on the inside of the transverse wall, which surrounds the fuel path longitudinally movable Anchor which carries at its end facing the valve seat a plastic insert with flat sealing ring surface and is pressed by a spring against the valve seat, and having a valve seat which encloses an inner chamber, in the bottom of which at least two nozzle openings are arranged whose axes with the longitudinal axis Inclination angle include α and the fuel jet thereby determined have a diverging direction. The depth of the inner chamber is equal to or less than a quarter of the inner diameter of the valve seat and the nozzle body has on the outside of the transverse wall an outer chamber which extends between the transverse wall and an outlet opening and is bounded by a cylindrical wall.

Die US-A-6 131 826 offenbart ein Ventil mit kombiniertem Ventilsitzkörper und Spritzlochscheibe. Der Ventilsitzkörper und die Spritzlochscheibe sind einstückig aus einem flächigen verformbaren Werkstück gebildet. Das Werkstück ist topfförmig so ausgeformt, dass es im Bereich der Ventilsitzfläche an dem nicht betätigten Ventilschließkörper im geschlossenen Zustand des Ventils dichtend anliegt und in einem Bereich stromaufwärts der Ventilsitzfläche die zumindest eine Abspritzöffnung aufweisende Spritzlochscheibe bildet.
Die US-A-5 881 957 beschreibt ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit einem Ventilsitzkörper, welcher an seiner dem Brennraum zugewandten Endfläche einen Düsenkörper aufweist. Der Düsenkörper weist einen äußeren Durchmesser auf, der im Wesentlichen demjenigen des Ventilsitzköpers entspricht. Weiterhin ist der Düsenkörper aus einen kreisförmigen Boden und einer zylindrische Seitenwand aufgebaut, die von dem Boden in Richtung des Brennraums abragt.
In der US-A-4 519 370 wird ein Brennstofffeinspritzventil beschrieben, welches aus einem Einspritzkörper und einem Adapter besteht, welcher an einem Ende des Einspritzkörpers montiert ist und davon zum Brennraum hin abragt.The US-A-6 131 826 discloses a combined valve seat body and orifice plate valve. The valve seat body and the spray hole disc are integrally formed from a flat deformable workpiece. The workpiece is cup-shaped so that it in the region of the valve seat surface against the non-actuated valve closing body in the closed state of the valve sealingly and in an area upstream of the valve seat surface forms the at least one injection orifice having spray perforated disk.
The US-A-5,881,957 describes a fuel injection valve having a valve seat body, which has a nozzle body on its end face facing the combustion chamber. The nozzle body has an outer diameter which substantially corresponds to that of the valve seat body. Furthermore, the nozzle body is constructed of a circular bottom and a cylindrical side wall which protrudes from the bottom in the direction of the combustion chamber.
In the US-A-4 519 370 a fuel injection valve is described, which consists of an injection body and an adapter which is mounted at one end of the injection body and protrudes therefrom toward the combustion chamber.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß die Abspritzöffnungen so angebracht sind, daß die im Brennraum zirkulierenden Gemischströmungen von den Abspritzöffnungen des Mehrloch-Brennstoffeinspritzventils abgeschirmt werden und sich dadurch kein Brennstoff im Bereich der Abspritzöffnungen absetzen kann.The fuel injection valve according to the invention with the features of the independent claim 1 has the advantage that the injection openings are mounted so that the circulating in the combustion chamber mixture flows are shielded from the injection orifices of the multi-hole fuel injection valve and thereby no fuel can settle in the region of the injection openings.

Durch die in den abhängigen Ansprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahme sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des im unabhängigen Anspruch 1 angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.The measure listed in the dependent claims advantageous developments of the fuel injection valve specified in the independent claim 1 are possible.

Vorteilhafterweise sind die Abspritzöffnungen innerhalb eines runden oder ovalen vollständigen oder teilweisen Ringwalls angeordnet, der hoch genug ist, jede der Abspritzöffnungen gegen die im Brennraum zirkulierenden Strömungen abzuschirmen.Advantageously, the ejection openings are arranged within a round or oval complete or partial annular wall, which is high enough to shield each of the ejection openings against the circulating in the combustion chamber flows.

Der Ringwall wird dabei vorteilhafterweise bei der Herstellung des Ventilsitzkörpers gemeinsam mit diesem aus einem Werkstück gedreht.The annular wall is advantageously rotated in the production of the valve seat body together with this from a workpiece.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils,
Fig. 2
einen schematischen Schnitt durch den abspritzseitigen Teil des in Fig. 1 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils im Bereich II in Fig. 1, und
Fig. 3
einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein Brennstoffeinspritzsystem im gleichen Bereich wie Fig. 2 nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic section through a first embodiment of an inventively designed fuel injector,
Fig. 2
a schematic section through the discharge-side part of in Fig. 1 shown first embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention in the area II in Fig. 1 , and
Fig. 3
a schematic section through a fuel injection system in the same area as Fig. 2 not the subject of the invention.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Fig. 1 zeigt in einer auszugsweisen Schnittdarstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist in der Form eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen ausgeführt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 eignet sich zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen nicht dargestellten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine. Fig. 1 shows in an excerpt sectional view of an embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention 1. The fuel injection valve 1 is designed in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compression, spark-ignition internal combustion engines. The fuel injection valve 1 is suitable for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 besteht aus einem Düsenkörper 2, in welchem eine Ventilnadel 3 angeordnet ist. Die Ventilnadel 3 steht in Wirkverbindung mit einem Ventilschließkörper 4, der mit einer auf einem Ventilsitzkörper 5 angeordneten Ventilsitzfläche 6 zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt. Bei dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 handelt es sich im Ausführungsbeispiel um ein nach innen öffnendes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1, welches über zwei Abspritzöffnungen 7 verfügt.The fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged. The valve needle 3 is in operative connection with a valve closing body 4, which is arranged with a arranged on a valve seat body 5 valve seat surface 6 to a Tight fit together. In the exemplary embodiment, the fuel injection valve 1 is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1, which has two injection openings 7.

Der Ventilschließkörper 4 des erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 weist eine nahezu kugelförmige Form auf. Dadurch wird eine versatzfreie, kardanische Ventilnadelführung erzielt, die für eine exakte Funktionsweise des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 sorgt.The valve closing body 4 of the inventively designed fuel injection valve 1 has a nearly spherical shape. As a result, an offset-free, gimbal valve needle guide is achieved, which ensures an exact functioning of the fuel injection valve 1.

Der Ventilsitzkörper 5 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 ist nahezu topfförmig ausgebildet und trägt durch seine Form zur Ventilnadelführung bei. Der Ventilsitzkörper 5 ist dabei in eine abspritzseitige Ausnehmung 34 des Düsenkörpers 2 eingesetzt und mittels einer Schweißnaht 35 mit dem Düsenkörper 2 verbunden.The valve seat body 5 of the fuel injection valve 1 is formed almost pot-shaped and contributes by its shape to the valve needle guide. The valve seat body 5 is inserted into a spray-side recess 34 of the nozzle body 2 and connected by a weld 35 to the nozzle body 2.

Der Düsenkörper 2 ist durch eine Dichtung 8 gegen einen Außenpol 9 einer Magnetspule 10 abgedichtet. Die Magnetspule 10 ist in einem Spulengehäuse 11 gekapselt und auf einen Spulenträger 12 gewickelt, welcher an einem Innenpol 13 der Magnetspule 10 anliegt. Der Innenpol 13 und der Außenpol 9 sind durch einen Spalt 26 voneinander getrennt und stützen sich auf einem Verbindungsbauteil 29 ab. Die Magnetspule 10 wird über eine Leitung 19 von einem über einen elektrischen Steckkontakt 17 zuführbaren elektrischen Strom erregt. Der Steckkontakt 17 ist von einer Kunststoffummantelung 18 umgeben, die am Innenpol 13 angespritzt sein kann.The nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against an outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10. The magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10. The inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated by a gap 26 and are based on a connecting member 29 from. The magnetic coil 10 is energized via a line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied with electric current. The plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic casing 18, which may be molded on the inner pole 13.

Die Ventilnadel 3 ist in einer Ventilnadelführung 14 geführt, welche scheibenförmig ausgeführt ist. Zur Hubeinstellung dient eine zugepaarte Einstellscheibe 15. An der anderen Seite der Einstellscheibe 15 befindet sich ein Anker 20. Dieser steht über einen ersten Flansch 21 kraftschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung, welche durch eine Schweißnaht 22 mit dem ersten Flansch 21 verbunden ist. Auf dem ersten Flansch 21 stützt sich eine Rückstellfeder 23 ab, welche in der vorliegenden Bauform des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch eine Hülse 24 auf Vorspannung gebracht wird.The valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is designed disk-shaped. On the other side of the dial 15 is an armature 20. This is frictionally connected via a first flange 21 with the valve needle 3 in connection, which is connected by a weld 22 with the first flange 21. On the first flange 21, a return spring 23 is supported, which in the present design of the Fuel injection valve 1 is brought by a sleeve 24 to bias.

Abströmseitig des Ankers 20 ist ein zweiter Flansch 31 angeordnet, der als unterer Ankeranschlag dient. Er ist über eine Schweißnaht 33 kraftschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 verbunden. Zwischen dem Anker 20 und dem zweiten Flansch 31 ist ein elastischer Zwischenring 32 zur Dämpfung von Ankerprellern beim Schließen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 angeordnet.Downstream of the armature 20, a second flange 31 is arranged, which serves as a lower anchor stop. He is connected via a weld 33 non-positively with the valve needle 3. Between the armature 20 and the second flange 31, an elastic intermediate ring 32 for damping armature bouncers when closing the fuel injection valve 1 is arranged.

In der Ventilnadelführung 14, im Anker 20 und am Ventilsitzkörper 5 verlaufen Brennstoffkanäle 30a bis 30c, die den Brennstoff, welcher über eine zentrale Brennstoffzufuhr 16 zugeführt und durch ein Filterelement 25 gefiltert wird, zu den Abspritzöffnungen 7 leiten. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist durch eine Dichtung 28 gegen eine nicht weiter dargestellte Verteilerleitung abgedichtet.In the valve needle guide 14, in the armature 20 and the valve seat body 5 run fuel channels 30a to 30c, which conduct the fuel, which is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25, to the ejection openings 7. The fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a distribution line, not shown.

Erfindungsgemäß weist das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 an einer dem nicht weiter dargestellten Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine zugewandten Stirnseite 36 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5, der in einer Ausnehmung 34 des Düsenkörpers 2 angeordnet und beispielsweise mittels einer Schweißnaht 35 mit diesem verbunden ist, einen Ringwall 37 auf, der die im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel zwei Abspritzöffnungen 7 zumindest teilweise umgibt. Durch die durch den Ringwall 37 erzielte Abschirmung der Abspritzöffnungen 7 gegen den im Brennraum zirkulierenden Gemischströmungen wird eine Verkokung der Abspritzöffnungen 7 verhindert. Der abspritzseitige Teil des Erennstoffeinspritzventils 1 mit dem Ringwall 37 ist in Fig. 2 näher dargestellt.According to the invention, the fuel injection valve 1 at one of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine facing end face 36 of the valve seat body 5, which is arranged in a recess 34 of the nozzle body 2 and, for example by means of a weld 35 connected thereto, a ring wall 37, which in the present Embodiment two spray openings 7 at least partially surrounds. By scored by the annular wall 37 shielding the ejection openings 7 against the circulating in the combustion chamber mixture flows a coking of the ejection openings 7 is prevented. The discharge-side part of the fuel injection valve 1 with the annular wall 37 is in Fig. 2 shown in more detail.

Im Ruhezustand des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 wird der erste Flansch 21 an der Ventilnadel 3 von der Rückstellfeder 23 entgegen seiner Hubrichtung so beaufschlagt, daß der Ventilschließkörper 4 am Ventilsitz 6 in dichtender Anlage gehalten wird. Der Anker 20 liegt auf dem Zwischenring 32 auf, der sich auf dem zweiten Flansch 31 abstützt. Bei Erregung der Magnetspule 10 baut diese ein Magnetfeld auf, welches den Anker 20 entgegen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 23 in Hubrichtung bewegt. Dabei nimmt der Anker 20 den ersten Flansch 21, welcher mit der Ventilnadel 3 verschweißt ist, und damit die Ventilnadel 3 ebenfalls in Hubrichtung mit. Der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Wirkverbindung stehende Ventilschließkörper 4 hebt von der Ventilsitzfläche 6 ab, wodurch der über die Brennstoffkanäle 30a bis 30c zur Abspritzöffnung 7 geführte Brennstoff abgespritzt wird.In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the first flange 21 is acted on the valve needle 3 by the return spring 23 counter to its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat 6 in sealing engagement. The armature 20 is located on the intermediate ring 32nd on, which is supported on the second flange 31. Upon excitation of the magnetic coil 10, this builds up a magnetic field, which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction. In this case, the armature 20 takes the first flange 21, which is welded to the valve needle 3, and thus the valve needle 3 also in the stroke direction with. The valve closing body 4, which is in operative connection with the valve needle 3, lifts off from the valve seat surface 6, as a result of which the fuel conducted via the fuel channels 30a to 30c to the injection opening 7 is hosed down.

Wird der Spulenstrom abgeschaltet, fällt der Anker 20 nach genügendem Abbau des Magnetfeldes durch den Druck der Rückstellfeder 23 auf den ersten Flansch 21 vom Innenpol 13 ab, wodurch sich die Ventilnadel 3 entgegen der Hubrichtung bewegt. Dadurch setzt der Ventilschließkörper 4 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 6 auf, und das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 wird geschlossen. Der Anker 20 setzt auf dem durch den zweiten Flansch 31 gebildeten Ankeranschlag auf.If the coil current is turned off, the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the pressure of the return spring 23 on the first flange 21 from the inner pole 13, whereby the valve needle 3 moves against the stroke direction. As a result, the valve closing body 4 is seated on the valve seat surface 6, and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed. The armature 20 is seated on the anchor stop formed by the second flange 31.

Fig. 2 zeigt in einer auszugsweisen Schnittdarstellung den in Fig. 1 mit II bezeichneten Ausschnitt aus dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1. Fig. 2 shows in an excerpted sectional view the in Fig. 1 with II designated section of the in Fig. 1 illustrated first embodiment of an inventively designed fuel injector. 1

Wie bereits in Fig. 1 angedeutet, weist der Ventilsitzkörper 5 an seiner dem Brennraum zugewandten konvex gewolbten Stirnseite 36 einen einstückig mit dem Ventilsitzkörper ausgebildeten Ringwall 37 auf, der die Abspritzöffnungen 7 zumindest teilweise umgibt. Der Ringwall 37 ist dabei so ausgeführt, daß er jede der Abspritzöffnungen 7 in axialer Richtung überragt, so daß für jede Abspritzöffnung 7 eine Abschirmung gegenüber den im Brennraum zirkulierenden Gemischströmungen erzielt wird.As already in Fig. 1 indicated, the valve seat body 5 at its the combustion chamber facing convex curved end face 36 formed integrally with the valve seat body annular wall 37 which surrounds the ejection openings 7 at least partially. The annular wall 37 is designed so that it projects beyond each of the ejection openings 7 in the axial direction, so that for each ejection opening 7 a shield against the circulating in the combustion chamber mixture flows is achieved.

Die Abspritzöffnungen 7 sind im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel in einer konvex gewölbten Stirnseite 36 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 ausgebildet.The ejection openings 7 are formed in the present embodiment in a convexly curved end face 36 of the valve seat body 5.

Die Abspritzöffnungen 7 können innerhalb des Ringwalls 37 an beliebigen Punkten angebracht sein. Vorzugsweise sind sie auf mehreren runden oder elliptischen Lochkreisen, die zueinander konzentrisch oder exzentrisch sein können, oder auf mehreren parallelen, schräg oder versetzt zueinander angeordneten geraden oder gebogenen Lochreihen angeordnet. Der Abstand zwischen den Lochmittelpunkten kann dabei äquidistant oder unterschiedlich sein, sollte jedoch aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen zumindest einen Lochdurchmesser betragen. Die räumliche Orientierung kann für jede Lochachse unterschiedlich sein, wie in Fig. 2 für zwei Abspritzöffnungen 7 angedeutet.The ejection openings 7 can be mounted within the annular wall 37 at arbitrary points. Preferably, they are arranged on a plurality of round or elliptical hole circles, which may be concentric or eccentric to each other, or on a plurality of parallel, obliquely or staggered straight or curved rows of holes. The distance between the hole centers may be equidistant or different, but should be at least one hole diameter for manufacturing reasons. The spatial orientation may be different for each hole axis, as in FIG Fig. 2 for two ejection openings 7 indicated.

Der Ringwall 37 kann beispielsweise bereits während der Herstellung des Ventilsitzkörpers 5, welcher vorzugsweise durch Drehen hergestellt wird, mit diesem einstückig gefertigt werden. Auch eine nachträgliche Anbringung des Ringwalls 37 beispielsweise mittels Schweißen oder Löten ist denkbar.For example, the ring wall 37 can already be manufactured in one piece with it during the production of the valve seat body 5, which is preferably produced by turning. A subsequent attachment of the annular wall 37, for example by means of welding or soldering is conceivable.

Durch die Abschirmung der Abspritzöffnungen 7 gegen Gemischströmungen im Brennraum kann die Verkokung der Abspritzöffnungen 7 reduziert werden. Da der Durchmesser der Abspritzöffnungen 7 typischerweise ca. 100 µm beträgt, ist die Gefahr, daß die Abspritzöffnungen 7 durch Verkokung mit der Zeit verstopfen und somit die Durchflußmenge unzulässig stark eingeschränkt wird, relativ groß. Durch den Ringwall 37 kann ein Rückströmen des Brennstoffes zu den Abspritzöffnungen 7 und folglich ein Brennstoffniederschlag und nachfolgendes Verkoken beim Abbrennen des Brennrauminhalts vermieden werden. Die axiale Höhe des Ringwalls 37 kann dabei relativ gering sein, da die Gemischströmung aufgrund der im Brennraum herrschenden Verhältnisse etwa senkrecht zur Ausrichtung der Abspritzöffnungen 7 auf die Spitze des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 auftrifft.By shielding the ejection openings 7 against mixture flows in the combustion chamber, the coking of the ejection openings 7 can be reduced. Since the diameter of the ejection openings 7 is typically about 100 microns, the risk that the ejection openings 7 clogged by coking with time and thus the flow rate is unduly restricted, relatively large. Through the annular wall 37, a return flow of the fuel to the ejection openings 7 and consequently a fuel deposit and subsequent coking when burning the combustion chamber contents can be avoided. The axial height of the annular wall 37 may be relatively small, since the mixture flow impinges on the tip of the fuel injection valve 1 due to the conditions prevailing in the combustion chamber approximately perpendicular to the alignment of the ejection openings 7.

Fig. 3 zeigt in gleicher Darstellung wie Fig. 2 ein nicht erfindungsgemäßes Brennstoffeinspritzventil. Übereinstimmende Bauteile sind dabei mit übereinstimmenden Bezugszeichen versehen. Fig. 3 shows in the same representation as Fig. 2 a non-inventive fuel injection valve. Matching components are provided with matching reference numerals.

Statt an der Stirnseite 36 des Ventilsitzkörper s 5 einen Ringwall anzubringen, kann, nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung, eine Abschirmung der Austritte der Abspritzöffnungen 7 auch mittels Tieferlegens der Austritte erfolgen. Dabei wird zumindest eine Ringnut 38 in die Stirnseite 36 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 eingebracht, in welche alle Abspritzöffnungen 7 ausmünden.Instead of attaching to the end face 36 of the valve seat body s 5 a ring wall, can not be the subject of the invention, a shielding of the outlets of the spray openings 7 by means of lowering the outlets. In this case, at least one annular groove 38 is introduced into the end face 36 of the valve seat body 5, in which all ejection openings 7 open.

Die Abspritzöffnungen 7 sind somit gegenüber der Stirnseite 36 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 zurückgesetzt, so daß die Rückströmung des Brennstoffs an die Austritte der Abspritzöffnungen 7 entfällt, da ein Außenrand 39 der zumindest einen Ringnut 38 die Austritte der Abspritzöffnungen 7 abschirmt.The ejection openings 7 are thus set back relative to the end face 36 of the valve seat body 5, so that the return flow of the fuel to the outlets of the spray openings 7 is omitted, since an outer edge 39 of the at least one annular groove 38, the outlets of the spray openings 7 shields.

Die Abspritzöffnungen 7 können beliebig angeordnet sein, so daß als einzige Maßgabe alle Abspritzöffnungen 7 in der zumindest einen Ringnut ausmünden. Die Ringnuten können dabei oval oder rund sein oder in Form von Teilkreisen ausgebildet sein.The ejection openings 7 can be arranged arbitrarily, so that the only proviso all discharge openings 7 open in the at least one annular groove. The annular grooves can be oval or round or be formed in the form of pitch circles.

Es kann auch eine einzelne Ringnut 38 so ausgebildet sein, daß der innenliegende Teil der Stirnseite 36 des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 konkav gewölbt ist und somit die im Innenbereich liegenden Abspritzöffnungen 7 ebenfalls vom Außenrand 39 der Ringnut 38 überragt und in ihrer Gesamtheit gegen die Brennraumströmungen abgeschirmt werden.It may also be a single annular groove 38 may be formed so that the inner part of the end face 36 of the valve seat body 5 is concavely arched and thus lying in the interior spray holes 7 are also surmounted by the outer edge 39 of the annular groove 38 and shielded in their entirety against the combustion chamber flows.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt und z. B. für beliebig angeordnete Abspritzöffnungen 7, für teilkreisförmige Ringwälle 37 und Ringnuten 38 sowie für beliebige Bauweisen von nach innen öffnenden Mehrloch-Brennstoffeinspritzventilen 1 anwendbar.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment and z. B. for arbitrarily arranged spray openings 7, for part-circular annular walls 37 and annular grooves 38 and for any construction applicable to inwardly opening multi-hole fuel injection valves 1.

Claims (6)

  1. Fuel injection valve (1) for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines having an excitable actuator (10), a valve needle (3) which is operatively connected to the actuator (10) and is loaded by a restoring spring (23) in a closing direction for actuating a valve closing body (4) which forms a sealing seat together with a valve seat face (6) which is formed on a valve seat body (5), and at least two ejection openings (7) which are formed in the valve seat body (5), the ejection openings (7) being formed in the valve seat body (5) in such a way that they are protected from circulating mixture flows in a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, characterized in that the ejection openings (7) are formed in a convexly curved end side (36) of the valve seat body (5), which end side (36) faces the combustion chamber, the valve seat body (5) having, on the end side (36), an annular wall (37) which is formed integrally with the latter, surrounds the ejection openings (7) at least partially and is formed in such a way that it projects beyond each of the ejection openings (7) in the axial direction.
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the annular wall (37) is of circularly annular or oval configuration.
  3. Fuel injection valve according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that at least one annular groove (38) is formed in the end side (36) of the valve seat body (5), into which at least one annular groove (38) the ejection openings (7) open.
  4. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 3, characterized in that the at least one annular groove (38) is of annular or oval configuration.
  5. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the at least one annular groove (38) is configured in such a way that each of the ejection openings (7) is projected beyond by an outer edge (39) of the annular groove (38).
  6. Fuel injection valve according to one of Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the end side (36) of the valve seat body (5) is at least flat or concave within the annular groove (38), with the result that all the ejection openings (7) which are situated within the annular groove (38) are shielded by the outer edge (39) of the annular groove (38).
EP02727237A 2001-04-11 2002-03-16 Fuel injection valve Expired - Lifetime EP1379773B1 (en)

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DE10118163A DE10118163B4 (en) 2001-04-11 2001-04-11 Fuel injector
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PCT/DE2002/000965 WO2002084104A1 (en) 2001-04-11 2002-03-16 Fuel injection valve

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WO2002084104A1 (en) 2002-10-24
DE10118163B4 (en) 2007-04-19
US20080217439A1 (en) 2008-09-11
EP1379773A1 (en) 2004-01-14
DE10118163A1 (en) 2002-10-24
JP4200009B2 (en) 2008-12-24
JP2004518904A (en) 2004-06-24
DE50212534D1 (en) 2008-09-04
US7306173B2 (en) 2007-12-11

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