EP1039967A1 - Device for automated production of cytostatic and/or antibiotic applications - Google Patents
Device for automated production of cytostatic and/or antibiotic applicationsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1039967A1 EP1039967A1 EP98965780A EP98965780A EP1039967A1 EP 1039967 A1 EP1039967 A1 EP 1039967A1 EP 98965780 A EP98965780 A EP 98965780A EP 98965780 A EP98965780 A EP 98965780A EP 1039967 A1 EP1039967 A1 EP 1039967A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cytostatics
- unit
- robot
- applications
- manufacturing area
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J3/00—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/004—Multifunctional apparatus for automatic manufacturing of various chemical products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
- A61J1/14—Details; Accessories therefor
- A61J1/20—Arrangements for transferring or mixing fluids, e.g. from vial to syringe
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for the automated production of cytostatics and / or antibiotics applications and a handling system suitable therefor.
- Cytostatics are drugs with a genotoxic therapeutic mechanism of action for the treatment of cancer. They destroy the degenerate cells of the cancerous tissue. Cytotoxic substances disrupt or block the DNA synthesis or the energy metabolism of a cell in such a way that this cell can die.
- cytostatics do not have any properties specifically directed against tumors, but due to their non-specific effectiveness also affect other cells with a high cell division rate, e.g. Bone marrow, mucous membranes, gonads, etc. on.
- Cytostatics applications are ready-to-use medications in dosage quantities and mixtures tailored to the individual case. They are made from powdered cytostatics and / or cytostatics solutions.
- the functionality of the safety cabinets contributes to the protection of personnel from cytostatics aerosols released inside the bank and to product protection, but does not provide 100% protection against contamination.
- the air flow returned to the work area by a safety workbench is filtered, but the discharge of cytotoxic particles with the air flow cannot be ruled out, since the degree of separation of the filter is less than 100 percent.
- the filters do not separate gaseous substances at all. Studies in this regard have shown that cytotoxic substances such as e.g. The cyclophosphamide already changes to the gas phase at room temperature.
- the object is achieved by a device for the automated production of cytostatics and / or antibiotic applications with a manufacturing area isolated from the outside world, into which materials to be processed are introduced, from which the manufactured cytostatics applications are output, in which the manufacturing process is carried out automatically and which enables complete control of all material flows and exchange processes.
- High-performance particle separators, relative washers and an adsorption unit or the like also preclude environmental pollution.
- At least one robot or automatic machine be integrated into the device within the manufacturing area. This can advantageously e.g. take over computer-controlled manufacturing tasks.
- the preferred safety workbench is divided into two sections by a plastic cutting disc, which optionally leaves a gap a hand-wide above the floor of the bench or is closed.
- the plastic cutting disc is intended to prevent people from reaching into the robot's work area. Therefore, the rooms created in this way are also referred to as robot-internal and external work spaces.
- the introduction and / or discharge areas are provided with locks in a particularly advantageous manner, so that practically a closed system can be implemented from a take-in store to a removal store.
- the device has actuators, tools or the like which can be remotely controlled from the outside within the isolated production area.
- the manufacturing area can preferably be viewed, operated in a vacuum and the related entire electronics and, as far as possible, the entire mechanics can be operated from the outside but shielded.
- the entire device can be designed to be explosion-proof in accordance with the explosion guidelines in order to meet the required safety requirements for personnel and materials.
- the device according to the invention is economical and very effective. There are no restrictions on the subdivisions or sequences of multiple manufacturing areas, manufacturing segments or modules and the like, which also include unpacking, packaging, etc.
- cytostatics In exhaust air mode, cytostatics are emitted into the immediate vicinity with the air flow, in the case of recirculation mode they are emitted into the Workspace emitted. In addition, cytostatics can be discharged from the work opening of the workbench in both modes of operation due to interactions between indoor air movement and the flow conditions in the safety workbench.
- a problem-adequate and, according to human judgment, really safe solution is the separation of humans and hazardous substances according to the invention through the automation and shielding of the working process "preparation of cytostatics applications".
- the implementation of a technical work system that works independently in a room that is isolated from the environment offers the possibility of both complying with the legal requirements as well as fulfilling the requirements for the quality and purity of the pharmaceuticals "cytostatics" and the potential risk for humans and Practically eliminating the environment.
- the device according to the invention is able to independently carry out the entire workflow for the production of cytostatics applications in a closed room or a closed housing.
- a freely programmable robot can be provided for handling the cytotoxic basic substances, solvents, consumables, etc.
- the cytostatics and / or antibiotic applications themselves can be prepared by means of automatic metering devices.
- the system can be loaded with materials for processing and the removal of finished pharmaceuticals via separate material locks.
- the programming, control and coordination of the work processes within the plant are to be adopted from a computer-based management system for which complex software must be provided. This software must include individual areas such as recipe management, material detection and preparation, robot or machine control, etc.
- FIG 3 shows an ampoule clamping unit of the device according to the invention
- Fig. 5A a first in the invention usable portal robot
- 5B shows a second robot which can be used in the device according to the invention.
- FIG. 6 shows an overall overview of the assemblies of the device according to the invention without a robot.
- a carriage system or the like which preferably consists of two linear sliding guides, which are interconnected by means of a base plate.
- the individual assemblies required for the production of the cytostatics and / or antibiotics applications are built on this base plate.
- Fig. 1 a cross section of such a linear sliding guide is shown.
- a guide rail 1 which is fixedly connected to the base plate 2
- a guide cassette 3 is slidably arranged on a guide rail 1, which is fixedly connected to the base plate 2, a guide cassette 3 is slidably arranged.
- the guide cassette 3 is part of a guide carriage 4, which can be moved linearly along the guide rail 1 and can be fixed to it with an adjusting screw 5.
- the sides of the slide system are covered with metal sheets in order to avoid contamination by the working and cleaning process.
- the risk of injury during maintenance and set-up work due to carelessness when moving the slide is minimized, since it is no longer possible to pinch your fingers or hands underneath the slide.
- Special features of this type of guides are their freedom from maintenance and Dry running. This eliminates the need to lubricate the guide rails 1 and thus contamination of the work space by greases and contamination of the grease by particles of the work process.
- FIG. 2 shows a swiveling table 6 or the like which can be used in the production area of the device according to the invention and serves for material testing.
- a swiveling table 6 which can be used in the production area of the device according to the invention and serves for material testing.
- the containers to be filled are fed to the work area of a robot described in more detail below.
- These can be syringes and bags of any size.
- the individual containers are inserted into specially adapted containers, two of which are shown by way of example with reference number 9 in FIG. 2.
- the containers 9 can be exchanged as desired.
- a pivot plate 10 with the receptacles for the containers 9 is screwed onto the flat pivot unit 7.
- the entire assembly is fastened to a base 11 in order to achieve the sufficient height for the pivoting process.
- This minimum height depends on the containers to be filled, in the exemplary embodiment shown a 50 ml syringe with the piston extended.
- the function of the swivel unit 7 is based on two double-acting, counter-rotating cylinders with racks, which drive and rotate a hollow gear shaft. In the end positions, the movement is controlled by two built-in, self-adjusting Shock absorber stopped. The angle of rotation is 180 °, whereby an adjustment of ⁇ 3 ° is possible.
- the syringes Due to the larger head bore compared to the cylinder diameter of the syringe, it can move when pivoting into the container 9, which leads to an undefined position in the end position of the swivel unit 7. In order to prevent this, the syringes are clamped in by means of the already mentioned clamping unit 8 after reaching the end position of the swivel plate 10 and thus defined in their position.
- Fig. 3 shows an ampoule clamping unit 12, which serves for clamping and for centering injection bottles, not shown.
- a gripper 13 is used to clamp the individual bottles.
- the preferably used gripper 13 has two clamping jaws 14 which are evenly closed against one another. This allows the different working pressures and the different friction losses in the pneumatic cylinders to be compensated and the injection bottles to be centered reliably.
- a control and regulating dosing system preferably a commercially available compounder 15, is used, which is shown schematically in FIG. 4.
- This compounder 15 enables the volume-defined pumping of up to 23 and more different liquids into one container.
- the individual basic substances are provided in injection bottles, bags or syringes and suspended above the compounder. They are via disposable plastic hoses, not shown, with two on the compounder 15 carousels 16, 16 'located. Inside each carousel 16, 16 'there is a cylinder with a central connection for the filling hose and an opening hole on the circumference. The cylinder is now turned so that the bore and the connection point of the required liquid are in the same position.
- the liquid can be pumped from a bottle, for example in a bag, via a hose pump 17 contained in the compounder 15. This process takes place for each individual component of the mixture to be produced, with the volume of the liquids supplied being checked. After each complete mixture, the carousels and the discharge hoses are rinsed with a cleaning solution, for example a NaCl solution.
- a cleaning solution for example a NaCl solution.
- the compounder 15 must be calibrated before the first filling process. This is because the dosage depends on the volume and the density of the basic substances depends on the temperature. Since the recipe data are given in mg, the volume must be converted into the corresponding weight. The calibration is carried out by pumping through a defined amount of liquid, which is collected and the target-actual deviation is determined using a balance. The weighed value is entered into the process computer, not shown, of the compounder 15.
- a filling and cleaning unit (not shown individually here) is used to fill the bags and syringes or the injection bottles with NaCl solution. Since a luer lock system is used for the bags, syringes and spikes used, the should Filling and cleaning unit to be able to close a solid, liquid-tight connection with this coupling. For this purpose, both halves of the Luer-Lock system are rotated by 225 ° against each other. For reasons of antiseptic work, it should be possible to clean the unit, ie all parts that can come into contact with liquids can be removed for cleaning.
- the cleaning unit serves to absorb the liquid that escapes when the filling unit is rinsed.
- a metal block with a through hole is used, which ends in a Luer lock connection.
- a disposable hose is connected there, through which the cleaning liquid is fed to the collecting container. Both modules are arranged one above the other in a frame. In this way, the filling unit can be cleaned in its rest position and the robot can carry out other activities
- a known shaker and not shown individually is used to mix the individual basic substances. The mixing takes place by a horizontal circular movement of the receiving table of the shaker. A rubber mat on the receiving table prevents the attached container from slipping.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B show the concept of a five-axis gantry robot.
- the five axes are with A, B, C, Denoted D and E.
- Linear units are used in the direction of the A axis, which are connected to each other via a spline shaft. This ensures that the sled runs in sync and that jamming is reliably excluded.
- a linear unit, referred to here as axis B, is mounted on the parallel slide 18.
- the axis C is in turn a telescopic axis, screwed.
- a large-stroke gripper is preferably used as the gripper 21. Attached swivel jaws of the gripper 21 allow swiveling through 180 ° in the vertical plane (axis E).
- FIG. 5B An alternative, structurally somewhat simpler form of a robot is shown in FIG. 5B. Since only small loads are handled, the portal is open here. This robot has a sufficiently large working space so that it is suitable for the automated production of cytostatics and / or antibiotics applications.
- the structure of the robot corresponds to that of the robot described above with the same reference numerals.
- Preparations for work the sequence of the automatic production of a cytostatics application and the cleaning work after work are described. To clarify these work processes, an overall overview of the assemblies is shown in FIG. 6, by means of which the individual actions and manipulations can be traced. The robot was not shown to improve the overview.
- Preparations for the work include the sterilization of the system by the staff and the loading of disposable items. This includes inserting the carousels 16, 16 'into the compounder 15 and connecting the individual carousel positions with ampoule boards 22.
- Disposable tubes (not shown) come with a spike at one end and a Luer lock connector at the other end , for use. The tubes are connected to the carousels 16, 16 'by the Luer-Lock system and the spikes are hooked into the ampoule boards 22. When this process is finished, the spikes are secured by clamping on the ampoule board 22.
- mixture solutions e.g. NaCl and glucose are required in larger quantities and are therefore placed outside the workbench. This results in the leading out of two compound hoses in order to enable these containers to be connected. These solutions are non-toxic, so there is no risk or contamination of the working environment.
- the connecting hose is inserted from the two carousels to the filling unit.
- This is a hose that has a Luer lock connection on both sides. This is also used for the connection to the cleaning unit 23 in order to achieve removal of the contaminated cleaning solution.
- a closable waste container 24 is placed in the system. After that, the entire system is made using alcohol or another chemical sterilized to prevent contamination of the end products.
- the front window is closed and a system security check is carried out by sensors, i.e. a check is carried out to determine whether the viewing window has been lowered far enough, the cutting window has been inserted and the light barrier is functional before the system is released for the assembly process.
- the compounder 15 is calibrated to the liquids and hoses used. As already stated, this is necessary because cytostatics have a density different from 1 and their volume is temperature-dependent and tubes have diameter-based fluctuations due to manufacture.
- a final check of the finished application by weighing is provided. A weighing unit (not described in more detail) serves this purpose. A defined amount of NaCl solution is pumped through the system and then weighed. The calibration factor is calculated and entered into the processor of the compounder 15.
- the computer sets up a supply sequence for the basic substances for automated production.
- the bottles are removed from the warehouse by the staff and placed under the workbench.
- the computer specifies the order of delivery of the various cytostatics on a monitor.
- the staff takes the prepared bottles, removes the protective cap in the external area of the workbench and sterilizes the rubber stopper of the bottle with alcohol.
- the bottle is then placed on the ampoule slide and inserted Spike inserted in the holder provided.
- a two-hand control ensures safe operation.
- An ampoule slide 25 uses a pneumatic cylinder to pull the bottle onto the turntable within the robot work area. If the bottle is on the turntable, the robot encloses it with the gripper and thus centers it on the turntable. The bottle is turned, the content is identified and checked using the vertically printed bar code. In this way, assembly errors by the staff are excluded. At the same time, the height of the bottle is recorded using an ultrasonic sensor. After the measurements, the robot takes the bottle and places it on the clamping unit 8, where it is centered and clamped in this position by moving the jaws together. Now the filling unit must be provided with a spike. For this purpose, the robot removes the spike from the holder of the ampoule slide 25 and places it next to the cleaning unit 23 in a device provided for this purpose.
- the filling unit is then lifted out of the frame and positioned over the spike. During the downward movement, the filling connection is rotated by the stepper motor. The twist occurs up to an angle of 225 °. The connection between the filling station and the spike is closed. The robot moves the filling unit including the spike over the clamped bottle. By lowering the filling unit, the spike is pressed through the rubber membrane. The height measurement carried out at the beginning now guarantees that the spike is always inserted at an even depth.
- the solvent is pumped into the bottle by means of the compounder 15. After filling, the robot moves the filling unit upwards and pulls the spike out of the bottle.
- the spike is a disposable item and is disposed of after each filling. For this purpose, the filling unit moves over the rest position and sets the spike down in the device. The filling unit is separated from the spike by turning and placed in the rest position. The robot grabs the spike and drops it into the waste container 24.
- a cleaning liquid usually NaCl
- NaCl is pumped through the compounder system to clean the hoses.
- the contaminated cleaning liquid is collected by the cleaning unit and fed to a container.
- the robot takes the filled bottle and sets it down on the shaker 26.
- the cytostatic is released by the rotation of the table.
- the bottle is gripped and rotated by the gripper by 180 ° so that the rubber membrane points downwards. Now it can be pricked onto a spike on the ampoule board 22.
- the robot now takes the next bottle, releases the cytostatic and sets the bottle down on the ampoule board 22. This process is repeated until the ampoule boards 22 are completely occupied.
- the device according to the invention is now prepared for the actual production of the cytostatics applications.
- the computer selects the containers and substances. Since the substances are already in the Only the individual containers have to be fed into the system. This is done via the swivel plate 10.
- an associated container 9 is hung on the swivel plate 10 by the operator.
- the container that is to say the syringe or the bag, is suspended in this container 9.
- the swivel plate 10 is rotated by 180 ° and the container is in the internal work space.
- the robot now removes the filling unit and positions it over the container.
- the Luer lock connection is closed and the compounder 15 begins to pump the individual components into the container.
- the number of flushing processes can be minimized by cleverly selecting the pump sequence, i.e. that first the cytostatics applications and then the solutions should be pumped into the container. It is therefore only necessary to clean once after the entire filling process, which minimizes the amount of contaminated cleaning liquids.
- the Luer lock connection is released and the filling unit is placed in its rest position.
- the swivel plate 10 conveys the finished product out of the internal work space, where it is removed.
- the hoses and filling unit are cleaned before the next filling process begins.
- the computer logs the remaining amounts of the cytostatics applications in the bottles. This means that a check can be carried out before the next filling process to determine whether sufficient basic substance is available or whether bottles with cytostatic powder still need to be added.
- the empty bottles are removed from the ampoule boards 22 by the robot and disposed of in the waste container 24.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19754317 | 1997-12-08 | ||
DE19754317 | 1997-12-08 | ||
PCT/EP1998/007947 WO1999029415A1 (en) | 1997-12-08 | 1998-12-08 | Device for automated production of cytostatic and/or antibiotic applications |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1039967A1 true EP1039967A1 (en) | 2000-10-04 |
Family
ID=7851069
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98965780A Withdrawn EP1039967A1 (en) | 1997-12-08 | 1998-12-08 | Device for automated production of cytostatic and/or antibiotic applications |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1039967A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999029415A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007051757A1 (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2009-05-07 | Ecker, Felix, Prof. Dr. | Pharmaceutical formulation e.g. hard capsule, producing method, for e.g. treating HIV, involves directly or indirectly distributing formulation based on data, which are required for determining therapy and transmitted to production device |
CN112265670A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-26 | 贵州苗西南饮品有限公司 | Bottled mineral water vanning anchor clamps |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002069897A2 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-12 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Method and apparatus for compounding individualized dosage forms |
US7783383B2 (en) | 2004-12-22 | 2010-08-24 | Intelligent Hospital Systems Ltd. | Automated pharmacy admixture system (APAS) |
US7610115B2 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2009-10-27 | Intelligent Hospital Systems Ltd. | Automated pharmacy admixture system (APAS) |
EP2457550B8 (en) * | 2005-05-16 | 2016-07-13 | ARxIUM Inc. | Automated pharmacy admixture system (APAS) |
MX371346B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2020-01-27 | J&J Solutions Inc D/B/A Corvida Medical | Compounding systems and methods for safe medicament transport. |
AU2016323793B2 (en) | 2015-09-17 | 2021-03-11 | J&J SOLUTIONS, INC. d/b/a Corvida Medical | Medicament vial assembly |
CA3001858C (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2021-03-23 | J&J SOLUTIONS, INC. d/b/a Corvida Medical | Automated compounding equipment for closed fluid transfer system |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2677273B1 (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1993-10-15 | Aquitaine Pharm International Sa | INSTALLATION OF HANDLING OF HIGHLY ACTIVE PRODUCTS. |
GB2259081A (en) * | 1991-08-16 | 1993-03-03 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Dispensing apparatus |
US5431201A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 1995-07-11 | Technology 2000 Incororated | Robotic admixture system |
FR2734497A1 (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-11-29 | Finagrosan Api | Cell unit for mfg. of a high contamination product |
-
1998
- 1998-12-08 EP EP98965780A patent/EP1039967A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-12-08 WO PCT/EP1998/007947 patent/WO1999029415A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9929415A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007051757A1 (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2009-05-07 | Ecker, Felix, Prof. Dr. | Pharmaceutical formulation e.g. hard capsule, producing method, for e.g. treating HIV, involves directly or indirectly distributing formulation based on data, which are required for determining therapy and transmitted to production device |
CN112265670A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-26 | 贵州苗西南饮品有限公司 | Bottled mineral water vanning anchor clamps |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1999029415A1 (en) | 1999-06-17 |
WO1999029415A9 (en) | 1999-09-16 |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: FELLENZ, RALF Inventor name: WARMER, ANDREAS Inventor name: FINK, BODO Inventor name: HECK, GEORG Inventor name: HEMMERS, ARND Inventor name: SCHOEPPE, GUENTER Inventor name: GOLDSCHMIDT, RALF Inventor name: ERICH, EGON |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20010619 |
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RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: INSTITUT FUER ENERGIE UND UMWELTTECHNOLOGIE E.V. ( |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
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18W | Application withdrawn |
Withdrawal date: 20011220 |