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EP0582218B1 - Choke coil for a converter - Google Patents

Choke coil for a converter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0582218B1
EP0582218B1 EP93112152A EP93112152A EP0582218B1 EP 0582218 B1 EP0582218 B1 EP 0582218B1 EP 93112152 A EP93112152 A EP 93112152A EP 93112152 A EP93112152 A EP 93112152A EP 0582218 B1 EP0582218 B1 EP 0582218B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
cooling
inductance coil
coil according
supports
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93112152A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0582218A1 (en
Inventor
Wilhelm KRÄMER
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ABB Patent GmbH
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ABB Patent GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0582218A1 publication Critical patent/EP0582218A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0582218B1 publication Critical patent/EP0582218B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F37/00—Fixed inductances not covered by group H01F17/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/16—Water cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a choke coil for a power converter with two tubular, hollow winding supports arranged in parallel and directly next to one another, each carrying a partial winding of a single winding consisting of two partial windings connected in series, the beginning and end of the winding of the two partial windings existing winding are arranged on the first end face of the winding support and the winding extends helically from the first to the second end face of the first winding support, starting at the beginning of the winding, changes there from the first to the second winding support and further helically from the second to the first end face of the second winding support up to Winding end runs.
  • Such a choke coil for a converter is known from DE-A-40 08 424.
  • a choke coil for a converter with a choke winding wound on a cylindrical winding support is proposed, in which the winding support consists of at least two rod-shaped or tubular winding support sections, each of which is connected to one another via connecting parts.
  • Each of the partial windings of the choke winding load-bearing winding support sections are arranged so that the magnetic fields generated partially cancel or weaken each other.
  • this choke coil is not suitable for liquid cooling.
  • a water-cooled choke coil embedded in casting resin (potting compound) for converter systems is known from DE-A-37 43 222.
  • the coil is arranged and sealed in an annular container made of non-magnetic material, there being grommets attached to the container lid for the passage of the electrical supply lines, and the space between the coil and the container wall for support and as a thermal bridge is filled with the sealing compound.
  • the coil is arranged with its container in a boiler through which the cooling water flows, wherein water gaps are arranged in spaces between the annular container and magnetic parts of the choke coil or between the latter, the boiler and a packing element arranged therein such that they provide a helical guide for the cooling water around the Create an annular container.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a choke coil for a converter of the type mentioned, which can be cooled with hot water and which emits only a small external magnetic field.
  • winding supports serve as heat sinks for internal cooling of the inductor with an electrically conductive cooling liquid and an immersion tube protrudes into the interior of each winding support, whereby a cylindrical gap suitable for cooling liquid cooling is formed between each winding support and the associated dip tube.
  • the inductor can be cooled efficiently and is of a very simple construction.
  • the choke coil which is constructed according to the toroid principle, is vibration-proof and robust and, moreover, very compact, which saves weight and space, which is particularly important for a rail vehicle when installing the choke coil in an encapsulated, water-cooled converter module. Since the magnetic fields emitted to the outside by the choke coil are very small, only relatively small losses are generated in the metal housing walls of the converter module.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side section through a first variant of a choke coil.
  • the winding carriers 1, 2 consist, for example, of a thin-walled plastic tube with a high mechanical strength, long-term very good insulation properties and a sufficiently good thermal conductivity.
  • a GRP pipe pipe made of glass fiber reinforced plastic
  • cast resin or a polyamide pipe
  • Each winding support 1 or 2 has an electrical connection side 1a or 2a at one end and a cooling connection side 1b or 2b at its other end.
  • the winding 3 consisting of two partial windings begins, for example on the electrical connection side 1a, extends helically to the cooling connection side 1b, changes from there to the cooling connection side 2b and continues helically to the electrical connection side 2a.
  • the winding strand winding around the individual winding carriers can consist of a large number of individual wires which are electrically insulated from one another, which reduces the electrical losses during operation of the inductor. In addition, however, it is also possible to form the winding in one piece as an aluminum casting.
  • a bandage 4 around the winding strand has a multiple function and is firstly an elastic buffering that prevents stress or shock cracks, secondly serves to decouple the winding heating to the outer casting 5 described in more detail below, and thirdly increases the mechanical strength.
  • the encapsulation 5, which is preferably formed from cast resin, envelops the winding 3 on its outward-facing jacket and end faces and thus ensures the electrical insulation of the winding 3 from the outside. So that the temperatures at the non-cooled winding start 3a and winding end 3b do not rise to high values, there are provided large cross-sectional enlargements of the winding. This is taken into account by appropriate design of the end fittings 6 and 7 and solved structurally. In the case of a winding formed as an aluminum casting, the end fittings 6, 7, which are enlarged in cross section, can be cast simultaneously with the winding strand. To ensure the short-circuit strength, the end fittings 6, 7 are connected to the winding carriers 1, 2 via screw connections 8, 9.
  • the casting 5 holds the winding 3 and end fittings 6, 7 together.
  • the "shrinking force" of the casting 5 also ensures the pressure required for pressing the winding onto the winding carrier, which results in a good heat transfer from the winding to the winding carrier results.
  • a magnetic shielding cap 10a, 11a is arranged in each of the external spaces formed between the two winding carriers 1, 2. These magnetic shielding caps 10a, 11a reduce the edge-side magnetic fields emitted from the choke coil, so that only relatively small electrical losses are generated in the metal housing walls of a converter module surrounding the choke.
  • the magnetic shield caps 10a, 11a can, for example, be mounted (screwed) on webs 12a, 13a, which are part of the encapsulation 5 and additionally contribute to the short-circuit strength of the choke coil.
  • the choke coil has internal cooling using coolant - preferably process water.
  • the choke coil according to the first variant is mounted on a cooling rail 15 on the cooling connection side with the interposition of seals 14.
  • the cooling rail 15 has a coolant flow 16 and separate coolant returns 17a, 17b.
  • the coolant reaches the throttle coil via immersion tubes 18a, 18b (water guide tubes) connected to the coolant flow 16 and projecting deeply into the interior of the winding support 1 and flows through return openings 19a, 19b to the coolant return 17a, 17b.
  • This dip tube / return opening arrangement is provided in both winding carrier interiors.
  • the further ends of the winding carriers 1, 2 - the electrical connection ends 1a, 2a - are hydraulically closed in the first variant by cover 26 with cover sealing ring 27.
  • cover 26 with cover sealing ring 27.
  • the waste heat produced by the winding 3 during operation and conducted via the winding carriers 1, 2 is released to the liquid via the inner lateral surface of the carrier 1, 2.
  • A can Temperature jump from approx. 150 ° C on winding 3 to approx. 70 ° C on the inner surface of the carrier 1, 2 occur.
  • the gaps 28a, 28b which result between the inner lateral surface of the winding carriers 1, 2 and the outer lateral surface of the dip tubes 18a, 18b can be narrow for guiding the coolant.
  • the installation of the choke coil within a converter module is very simple, since only a 2-point bearing is necessary on both end faces.
  • the end fittings 6, 7 on the electrical connection sides 1a, 2a which are provided with screw connections for this purpose, serve as the first fastening points.
  • the screw connections between the cooling rails 15 and the cooling connection sides 1b, 2b of the winding supports serve as second fastening points.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section near a connection side of the choke coil.
  • the winding carriers 1, 2, the winding 3, the casting 5 and the magnetic shielding caps 10a, 10b can be seen.
  • the position of the immersion tubes 18a, 18b within the interior of the winding carriers 1, 2 and the gaps 28a, 28b are indicated.
  • the winding carriers consist of composite tubes with an inner metal tube 20 with applied electrical insulation 21.
  • the electrical insulation 21 consists, for example, of cast resin with aluminum nitride as a filler. The heat dissipation is improved by the addition of this filler.
  • the winding 3 is applied to the electrical insulation 21.
  • This variant has the advantage that the cooling liquid does not come into direct contact with the electrical insulation. Furthermore, the composite pipe is mechanically very stable.
  • FIG. 1 A further alternative winding carrier design is shown in FIG.
  • the winding carriers consist of porcelain or ceramic tubes 22.
  • This variant also has the advantage that the cooling liquid (process water) does not come into contact with an organic insulating agent. Due to the good thermal conductivity of porcelain or ceramic, the wall thickness of the tubes 22 can be relatively thick, which leads to a mechanically very stable construction. With this variant, temperature differences of up to 90 ° C are possible.
  • FIG. 5 shows a section through a choke coil with additional external cooling.
  • Winding carriers 1, 2 with winding 3 and bandage 4 can be seen.
  • An insulating sleeve 23 serves for the external electrical insulation of the winding.
  • a cooling jacket 25 for the coolant flow between the insulating jacket 23 and jacket 24 is formed by means of a further outer jacket 24.
  • the coolant enters the cavities 33 of the winding carriers 1, 2, for example, via a feed opening from the coolant feed of the cooling rail and flows back into the coolant return of the cooling rail via the gaps 28a, 28b and the cooling jacket 25.
  • the internal cooling of the choke coil by means of dip tubes 18a, 18b and gaps 28a, 28b can also be seen.
  • This variant of a choke coil can be used with very powerful choke coils in which internal cooling alone is not sufficient to dissipate heat.
  • FIG. 6 shows a section through a gap formed between winding support 1 and dip tube 18a. It can be seen that the gap is divided by means of three dividers 29 into three gap segments 28a ', 28a ⁇ , 28a ′′′ parallel to the main axis of the choke coil. This measure prevents an annular electrical Can of course form a conductive water jacket and is of course also used in the gap 28b and in the cooling jacket 25.
  • FIG. 7 shows a second variant of a choke coil.
  • a choke coil 30 with end fittings 6, 7 for the electrical connection can be seen, in which the electrical connection side is also a cooling connection side, i.e. the choke coil 30 is penetrated by two coolant lines 31, 32, which emerge from the choke coil on both end faces, the winding 3 of the choke coil enclosing the two coolant lines 31, 32.
  • Each of the two coolant lines 31, 32 is double-walled, so that the outer jacket the winding support 1 and the inner jacket the dip tube, e.g. 18a.
  • the gap between the two jackets, e.g. 28a is used for throttle cooling, while the cavity 33 in the interior of the inner jacket advantageously serves for the transport of coolant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Drosselspule für einen Stromrichter mit zwei parallel und unmittelbar nebeneinander angeordneten, rohrförmigen, hohl ausgebildeten Wicklungsträgern, die jeweils eine Teilwicklung einer aus zwei miteinander in Serie verbundenen Teilwicklungen bestehenden einzigen Wicklung tragen, wobei Wicklungsanfang und Wicklungsende der aus den zwei Teilwicklungen bestehenden Wicklung an der ersten Stirnseite der Wicklungsträger angeordnet sind und sich die Wicklung beginnend am Wicklungsanfang schraubenförmig von der ersten zur zweiten Stirnseite des ersten Wicklungsträgers erstreckt, dort vom ersten zum zweiten Wicklungsträger wechselt und weiter schraubenförmig von der zweiten zur ersten Stirnseite des zweiten Wicklungsträgers bis zum Wicklungsende verläuft.The invention relates to a choke coil for a power converter with two tubular, hollow winding supports arranged in parallel and directly next to one another, each carrying a partial winding of a single winding consisting of two partial windings connected in series, the beginning and end of the winding of the two partial windings existing winding are arranged on the first end face of the winding support and the winding extends helically from the first to the second end face of the first winding support, starting at the beginning of the winding, changes there from the first to the second winding support and further helically from the second to the first end face of the second winding support up to Winding end runs.

Eine solche Drosselspule für einen Stromrichter ist aus der DE-A-40 08 424 bekannt. Dort wird eine Drosselspule für einen Stromrichter mit einer auf einem zylinderförmigen Wicklungsträger aufgewickelten Drosselwicklung vorgeschlagen, bei der der Wicklungsträger aus mindestens zwei jeweils stab- oder rohrförmigen Wicklungsträgerabschnitten besteht, die jeweils über Verbindungsteile miteinander verbunden sind. Die jeweils die Teilwicklungen der Drosselwicklung tragenden Wicklungsträgerabschnitte sind so angeordnet, daß sich die erzeugten Magnetfelder teilweise gegenseitig aufheben bzw. abschwächen. Diese Drosselspule eignet sich jedoch nicht zur Flüssigkeitskühlung.Such a choke coil for a converter is known from DE-A-40 08 424. There, a choke coil for a converter with a choke winding wound on a cylindrical winding support is proposed, in which the winding support consists of at least two rod-shaped or tubular winding support sections, each of which is connected to one another via connecting parts. Each of the partial windings of the choke winding load-bearing winding support sections are arranged so that the magnetic fields generated partially cancel or weaken each other. However, this choke coil is not suitable for liquid cooling.

Eine wassergekühlte, in Gießharz (Vergußmasse) eingebettete Drosselspule für Stromrichteranlagen ist aus der DE-A-37 43 222 bekannt. Die Spule ist in einem Kreisringbehälter aus amagnetischem Material angeordnet und versiegelt, wobei an dem Behälterdeckel stoffschlüssig angebrachte Tüllen zur Durchführung der elektrischen Zuleitungen vorhanden sind, und wobei der Raum zwischen Spule und Behälterwandung zur Stützung und als Wärmebrücke mit der Vergußmasse ausgefüllt ist. Die Spule ist mit ihrem Behälter in einem von dem Kühlwasser durchströmten Kessel angeordnet, wobei in Zwischenräumen zwischen dem Kreisringbehälter und Magnetteilen der Drosselspule oder zwischen diesem, dem Kessel und einem darin angeordneten Füllkörper Wasserführungen derart angeordnet sind, daß sie eine schraubenlinienartige Führung des Kühlwassers um den Kreisringbehälter erzeugen.A water-cooled choke coil embedded in casting resin (potting compound) for converter systems is known from DE-A-37 43 222. The coil is arranged and sealed in an annular container made of non-magnetic material, there being grommets attached to the container lid for the passage of the electrical supply lines, and the space between the coil and the container wall for support and as a thermal bridge is filled with the sealing compound. The coil is arranged with its container in a boiler through which the cooling water flows, wherein water gaps are arranged in spaces between the annular container and magnetic parts of the choke coil or between the latter, the boiler and a packing element arranged therein such that they provide a helical guide for the cooling water around the Create an annular container.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Drosselspule für einen Stromrichter der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, die mit Brauchwasser gekühlt werden kann und die nur ein geringes externes Magnetfeld abgibt.The invention has for its object to provide a choke coil for a converter of the type mentioned, which can be cooled with hot water and which emits only a small external magnetic field.

Diese Aufgabe wird in Verbindung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Anspruchs 1 erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Wicklungsträger als Kühlkörper zur Innenkühlung der Drosselspule mit einer elektrisch leitfähigen Kühlflüssigkeit dienen und in den Innenraum eines jeden Wicklungsträgers ein Tauchrohr ragt, wodurch ein zur Kühlflüssigkeitskühlung geeigneter zylindrischer Spalt zwischen jedem Wicklungsträger und dem zugehörigen Tauchrhr gebildet wird.This object is achieved in connection with the features of the preamble of claim 1 in that the winding supports serve as heat sinks for internal cooling of the inductor with an electrically conductive cooling liquid and an immersion tube protrudes into the interior of each winding support, whereby a cylindrical gap suitable for cooling liquid cooling is formed between each winding support and the associated dip tube.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielbaren Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß die Drosselspule effizient gekühlt werden kann und dabei sehr einfach aufgebaut ist.The advantages that can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that the inductor can be cooled efficiently and is of a very simple construction.

Ferner sind keine aufwendigen magnetischen Abschirmeinrichtungen notwendig, um störende, nach außen wirkende Magnetfelder zu reduzieren. Die gemäß dem Toroid-Prinzip aufgebaute Drosselspule ist rüttelsicher und robust und darüberhinaus sehr kompakt, wodurch Gewichts- und Raumvorteile erzielt werden, was insbesondere beim Einbau der Drosselspule in einem gekapselten, wassergekühlten Stromrichtermodul für ein Schienenfahrzeug von großer Wichtigkeit ist. Da die von der Drosselspule nach außen abgegebenen Magnetfelder sehr gering sind, werden nur relativ geringe Verluste in den metallenen Gehäusewandungen des Stromrichtermoduls erzeugt.Furthermore, no complex magnetic shielding devices are necessary in order to reduce disturbing magnetic fields that act on the outside. The choke coil, which is constructed according to the toroid principle, is vibration-proof and robust and, moreover, very compact, which saves weight and space, which is particularly important for a rail vehicle when installing the choke coil in an encapsulated, water-cooled converter module. Since the magnetic fields emitted to the outside by the choke coil are very small, only relatively small losses are generated in the metal housing walls of the converter module.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen seitlichen Schnitt durch eine erste Variante einer Drosselspule,
Figur 2
einen Schnitt in der Nähe einer Anschlußseite der Drosselspule,
Figur 3, 4
alternative Wicklungsträgergestaltungen,
Figur 5
einen Schnitt durch eine Drosselspule mit zusätzlicher Außenkühlung,
Figur 6
einen Schnitt durch einen zwischen Wicklungsträger und Tauchrohr gebildeten Spalt,
Figur 7
eine zweite Variante einer Drosselspule.
The invention is explained below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it:
Figure 1
a side section through a first variant of a choke coil,
Figure 2
a section near a connection side of the choke coil,
Figure 3, 4
alternative winding carrier designs,
Figure 5
a section through a choke coil with additional external cooling,
Figure 6
4 shows a section through a gap formed between the winding support and the dip tube,
Figure 7
a second variant of a choke coil.

In Figur 1 ist ein seitlicher Schnitt durch eine erste Variante einer Drosselspule dargestellt. Es sind zwei parallel und unmittelbar nebeneinander angeordnete, rohrförmige Wicklungsträger 1, 2 zu erkennen, die zum einen für das Aufbringen der Wicklung 3 und zum anderen als Kühlkörper für die Innenkühlung der Drossel dienen. Die Wicklungsträger 1, 2 bestehen beispielsweise aus einem dünnwandigen Kunststoffrohr mit einer hohen mechanischen Festigkeit, einem dauerhaft sehr guten Isoliervermögen und einer hinreichend guten Wärmeleitfähigkeit. Beispielsweise eignet sich ein GFK-Rohr (Rohr aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff) mit Gießharz oder ein Polyamidrohr. Varianten sind in den Figuren 3 und 4 dargestellt.FIG. 1 shows a side section through a first variant of a choke coil. There are two tubular winding carriers 1, 2 arranged in parallel and directly next to one another, one for the Apply the winding 3 and on the other hand serve as a heat sink for the internal cooling of the choke. The winding carriers 1, 2 consist, for example, of a thin-walled plastic tube with a high mechanical strength, long-term very good insulation properties and a sufficiently good thermal conductivity. For example, a GRP pipe (pipe made of glass fiber reinforced plastic) with cast resin or a polyamide pipe is suitable. Variants are shown in Figures 3 and 4.

Jeder Wicklungsträger 1 bzw. 2 weist an seinem einen Ende eine Elektroanschlußseite 1a bzw. 2a und an seinem anderen Ende eine Kühlanschlußseite 1b bzw. 2b auf. Die aus zwei Teilwicklungen bestehende Wicklung 3 beginnt beispielsweise an der Elektroanschlußseite 1a, erstreckt sich schraubenförmig bis zur Kühlanschlußseite 1b, wechselt von dort zur Kühlanschlußseite 2b und verläuft weiter schraubenförmig bis zur Elektroanschlußseite 2a. Der sich um die einzelnen Wicklungsträger windende Wicklungsstrang kann aus einer Vielzahl elektrisch voneinander isolierter Einzeldrähte bestehen, was die elektrischen Verluste bei Betrieb der Drosselspule reduziert. Daneben ist es jedoch auch möglich, die Wicklung als Aluminium-Gußteil einstückig auszubilden.Each winding support 1 or 2 has an electrical connection side 1a or 2a at one end and a cooling connection side 1b or 2b at its other end. The winding 3 consisting of two partial windings begins, for example on the electrical connection side 1a, extends helically to the cooling connection side 1b, changes from there to the cooling connection side 2b and continues helically to the electrical connection side 2a. The winding strand winding around the individual winding carriers can consist of a large number of individual wires which are electrically insulated from one another, which reduces the electrical losses during operation of the inductor. In addition, however, it is also possible to form the winding in one piece as an aluminum casting.

Eine Bandage 4 um den Wicklungsstrang hat eine mehrfache Funktion und stellt zum ersten eine elastische Pufferung dar, die Spannungs- oder Schockrisse verhindert, dient zum zweiten zur Abkoppelung der Wicklungserwärmung auf den nachstehend näher beschriebenen äußeren Umguß 5 und erhöht zum dritten die mechanische Festigkeit.A bandage 4 around the winding strand has a multiple function and is firstly an elastic buffering that prevents stress or shock cracks, secondly serves to decouple the winding heating to the outer casting 5 described in more detail below, and thirdly increases the mechanical strength.

Der vorzugsweise aus Gießharz gebildete Umguß 5 umhüllt die Wicklung 3 an ihren nach außen gerichteten Mantel- und Stirnflächen und stellt somit die elektrische Isolation der Wicklung 3 nach außen sicher. Damit die Temperaturen am nicht gekühlten Wicklungsanfang 3a und Wicklungsende 3b nicht auf zu hohe Werte ansteigen, sind dort starke Querschnittsvergrößerungen der Wicklung vorgesehen. Dies ist durch entsprechende Gestaltung der Endarmaturen 6 und 7 berücksichtigt und konstruktiv gelöst. Bei einer als Aluminium-Gußteil ausgebildeten Wicklung können die im Querschnitt vergrößerten Endarmaturen 6, 7 gleichzeitig mit dem Wicklungsstrang gegossen werden. Zur Gewährleistung der Kurzschlußfestigkeit sind die Endarmaturen 6, 7 über Verschraubungen 8, 9 mit den Wicklungsträgern 1, 2 verbunden. Zusätzlich hält auch der Umguß 5 Wicklung 3 und Endarmaturen 6, 7 fest zusammen. Die "Schrumpfkraft" des Umgusses 5 stellt auch den zur Anpressung der Wicklung auf die Wicklungsträger notwendigen Druck sicher, wodurch sich ein guter Wärmeübergang von der Wicklung zum Wicklungsträger ergibt.The encapsulation 5, which is preferably formed from cast resin, envelops the winding 3 on its outward-facing jacket and end faces and thus ensures the electrical insulation of the winding 3 from the outside. So that the temperatures at the non-cooled winding start 3a and winding end 3b do not rise to high values, there are provided large cross-sectional enlargements of the winding. This is taken into account by appropriate design of the end fittings 6 and 7 and solved structurally. In the case of a winding formed as an aluminum casting, the end fittings 6, 7, which are enlarged in cross section, can be cast simultaneously with the winding strand. To ensure the short-circuit strength, the end fittings 6, 7 are connected to the winding carriers 1, 2 via screw connections 8, 9. In addition, the casting 5 holds the winding 3 and end fittings 6, 7 together. The "shrinking force" of the casting 5 also ensures the pressure required for pressing the winding onto the winding carrier, which results in a good heat transfer from the winding to the winding carrier results.

In den sich zwischen beiden Wicklungsträgern 1,2 ausbildenden externen Zwischenräumen ist jeweils eine Magnetabschirmkappe 10a, 11a angeordnet. Diese Magnetabschirmkappen 10a, 11a reduzieren die von der Drosselspule nach außen abgegebenen, randseitigen Magnetfelder, so daß nur relativ geringe elektrische Verluste in den die Drossel umgebenden metallenen Gehäusewandungen eines Stromrichtermoduls erzeugt werden. Die Magnetabschirmkappen 10a, 11a können beispielsweise auf Stegen 12a, 13a montiert (verschraubt) sein, die Teil des Umgusses 5 sind und zusätzlich zur Kurzschlußfestigkeit der Drosselspule beitragen.A magnetic shielding cap 10a, 11a is arranged in each of the external spaces formed between the two winding carriers 1, 2. These magnetic shielding caps 10a, 11a reduce the edge-side magnetic fields emitted from the choke coil, so that only relatively small electrical losses are generated in the metal housing walls of a converter module surrounding the choke. The magnetic shield caps 10a, 11a can, for example, be mounted (screwed) on webs 12a, 13a, which are part of the encapsulation 5 and additionally contribute to the short-circuit strength of the choke coil.

Wie vorstehend bereits erwähnt, weist die Drosselspule eine Innenkühlung unter Einsatz von Kühlflüssigkeit - vorzugsweise Brauchwasser - auf. Hierzu ist die Drosselspule gemäß erster Variante an der Kühlanschlußseite unter Zwischenlage von Dichtungen 14 auf einer Kühlschiene 15 montiert. Die Kühlschiene 15 weist einen Kühlflüssigkeitsvorlauf 16 und hiervon getrennte Kühlflüssigkeitsrückläufe 17a, 17b auf. Dabei gelangt die Kühlflüssigkeit über mit dem Kühlflüssigkeitsvorlauf 16 verbundene, tief in den Innenraum des Wicklungsträgers 1 ragende Tauchrohre 18a, 18b (Wasserleitrohre) in die Drosselspule und strömt über Rücklauföffnungen 19a, 19b zum Kühlflüssigkeitsrücklauf 17a, 17b. Diese Tauchrohr/Rücklauföffnung-Anordnung ist bei beiden Wicklungsträger-Innenräumen vorgesehen. Die weiteren Enden der Wicklungsträger 1, 2 - die Elektroanschlußenden 1a, 2a - sind bei der ersten Variante durch Deckel 26 mit Deckeldichtring 27 hydraulisch verschlossen. Während des Rückströmens der Kühlflüssigkeit wird die von der Wicklung 3 während des Betriebes produzierte, über die Wicklungsträger 1, 2 geleitete Verlustwärme über die Innenmantelfläche des Trägers 1, 2 an die Flüssigkeit abgegeben. Dabei kann ein Temperatursprung von ca. 150°C an der Wicklung 3 auf ca. 70°C an der Innenmantelfläche des Trägers 1, 2 auftreten. Zur Erzielung hoher Kühlflüssigkeitsgeschwindigkeiten können die sich zwischen Innenmantelfläche der Wicklungsträger 1, 2 und Außenmantelfläche der Tauchrohre 18a, 18b ergebenden Spalte 28a, 28b zur Führung der Kühlflüssigkeit eng ausgebildet sein.As already mentioned above, the choke coil has internal cooling using coolant - preferably process water. For this purpose, the choke coil according to the first variant is mounted on a cooling rail 15 on the cooling connection side with the interposition of seals 14. The cooling rail 15 has a coolant flow 16 and separate coolant returns 17a, 17b. The coolant reaches the throttle coil via immersion tubes 18a, 18b (water guide tubes) connected to the coolant flow 16 and projecting deeply into the interior of the winding support 1 and flows through return openings 19a, 19b to the coolant return 17a, 17b. This dip tube / return opening arrangement is provided in both winding carrier interiors. The further ends of the winding carriers 1, 2 - the electrical connection ends 1a, 2a - are hydraulically closed in the first variant by cover 26 with cover sealing ring 27. During the backflow of the cooling liquid, the waste heat produced by the winding 3 during operation and conducted via the winding carriers 1, 2 is released to the liquid via the inner lateral surface of the carrier 1, 2. A can Temperature jump from approx. 150 ° C on winding 3 to approx. 70 ° C on the inner surface of the carrier 1, 2 occur. In order to achieve high coolant velocities, the gaps 28a, 28b which result between the inner lateral surface of the winding carriers 1, 2 and the outer lateral surface of the dip tubes 18a, 18b can be narrow for guiding the coolant.

Die Montage der Drosselspule innerhalb eines Stromrichtermoduls gestaltet sich sehr einfach, da lediglich eine 2-Punkt-Lagerung an beiden Stirnflächen notwendig ist. Als erste Befestigungspunkte dienen die Endarmaturen 6, 7 an den Elektroanschlußseiten 1a, 2a, die hierzu mit Schraubanschlüssen versehen sind. Als zweite Befestigungspunkte dienen die Verschraubungen zwischen Kühlschienen 15 und den Kühlanschlußseiten 1b, 2b der Wicklungsträger (Schiebe- und Fixlagerbefestigungen).The installation of the choke coil within a converter module is very simple, since only a 2-point bearing is necessary on both end faces. The end fittings 6, 7 on the electrical connection sides 1a, 2a, which are provided with screw connections for this purpose, serve as the first fastening points. The screw connections between the cooling rails 15 and the cooling connection sides 1b, 2b of the winding supports (sliding and fixed bearing fastenings) serve as second fastening points.

In Figur 2 ist ein Schnitt in der Nähe einer Anschlußseite der Drosselspule dargestellt. Es sind die Wicklungsträger 1, 2, die Wicklung 3, der Umguß 5 und die Magnetabschirmkappen 10a, 10b zu erkennen. Die Lage der Tauchrohre 18a, 18b innerhalb der Innenräume der Wicklungsträger 1, 2 und die Spalte 28a, 28b sind angedeutet.FIG. 2 shows a section near a connection side of the choke coil. The winding carriers 1, 2, the winding 3, the casting 5 and the magnetic shielding caps 10a, 10b can be seen. The position of the immersion tubes 18a, 18b within the interior of the winding carriers 1, 2 and the gaps 28a, 28b are indicated.

In Figur 3 ist eine alternative Wicklungsträgergestaltung dargestellt. Bei dieser Variante bestehen die Wicklungsträger aus Verbundrohren mit einem inneren Metallrohr 20 mit aufgebrachter elektrischer Isolation 21. Die elektrische Isolation 21 besteht beispielsweise aus Gießharz mit Aluminiumnitrid als Füllstoff. Durch den Zusatz dieses Füllstoffes wird die Wärmeabfuhr verbessert. Auf die elektrische Isolation 21 ist die Wicklung 3 aufgebracht. Diese Variante hat den Vorteil, daß die Kühlflüssigkeit nicht in direkten Kontakt mit der elektrischen Isolierung gelangt. Ferner ist das Verbundrohr mechanisch sehr stabil.An alternative winding carrier design is shown in FIG. In this variant, the winding carriers consist of composite tubes with an inner metal tube 20 with applied electrical insulation 21. The electrical insulation 21 consists, for example, of cast resin with aluminum nitride as a filler. The heat dissipation is improved by the addition of this filler. The winding 3 is applied to the electrical insulation 21. This variant has the advantage that the cooling liquid does not come into direct contact with the electrical insulation. Furthermore, the composite pipe is mechanically very stable.

In Figur 4 ist eine weitere alternative Wicklungsträgergestaltung dargestellt. Bei dieser Variante bestehen die Wicklungsträger aus Porzellan- oder Keramikrohren 22. Diese Variante hat ebenfalls den Vorteil, daß die Kühlflüssigkeit (Brauchwasser) nicht in Kontakt mit einem organischen Isoliermittel tritt. Aufgrund der guten Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Porzellan oder Keramik kann die Wandstärke der Rohre 22 relativ dick sein, was zu einer mechanisch sehr stabilen Konstruktion führt. Bei dieser Variante sind Temperaturdifferenzen bis zu 90°C möglich.A further alternative winding carrier design is shown in FIG. In this variant, the winding carriers consist of porcelain or ceramic tubes 22. This variant also has the advantage that the cooling liquid (process water) does not come into contact with an organic insulating agent. Due to the good thermal conductivity of porcelain or ceramic, the wall thickness of the tubes 22 can be relatively thick, which leads to a mechanically very stable construction. With this variant, temperature differences of up to 90 ° C are possible.

In Figur 5 ist ein Schnitt durch eine Drosselspule mit zusätzlicher Außenkühlung dargestellt. Es sind Wicklungsträger 1, 2 mit Wicklung 3 und Bandage 4 zu erkennen. Eine Isolierhülle 23 dient zur äußeren elektrischen Isolation der Wicklung. Mittels einer weiteren äußeren Hülle 24 wird ein Kühlmantel 25 für die Kühlflüssigkeitsströmung zwischen Isolierhülle 23 und Hülle 24 gebildet. Die Kühlflüssigkeit tritt beispielsweise über eine Vorlauföffnung aus dem Kühlflüssigkeitsvorlauf der Kühlschiene in die Hohlräume 33 der Wicklungsträger 1, 2 ein und fließt über die Spalte 28a, 28b und den Kühlmantel 25 zurück in den Kühlflüssigkeitsrücklauf der Kühlschiene. Die Innenkühlung der Drosselspule mittels Tauchrohre 18a, 18b und Spalte 28a, 28b ist ebenfalls zu erkennen. Diese Variante einer Drosselspule ist bei sehr leistungsstarken Drosselspulen einsetzbar, bei denen eine Innenkühlung allein zur Verlustwärmeabfuhr nicht ausreicht.FIG. 5 shows a section through a choke coil with additional external cooling. Winding carriers 1, 2 with winding 3 and bandage 4 can be seen. An insulating sleeve 23 serves for the external electrical insulation of the winding. A cooling jacket 25 for the coolant flow between the insulating jacket 23 and jacket 24 is formed by means of a further outer jacket 24. The coolant enters the cavities 33 of the winding carriers 1, 2, for example, via a feed opening from the coolant feed of the cooling rail and flows back into the coolant return of the cooling rail via the gaps 28a, 28b and the cooling jacket 25. The internal cooling of the choke coil by means of dip tubes 18a, 18b and gaps 28a, 28b can also be seen. This variant of a choke coil can be used with very powerful choke coils in which internal cooling alone is not sufficient to dissipate heat.

In Figur 6 ist ein Schnitt durch einen zwischen Wicklungsträger 1 und Tauchrohr 18a gebildeten Spalt dargestellt. Es ist zu erkennen, daß der Spalt mit Hilfe von drei Trennstegen 29 in drei Spaltsegmente 28a′, 28a˝, 28a‴ parallel zur Hauptachse der Drosselspule unterteilt ist. Diese Maßnahme verhindert, daß sich ein ringförmiger elektrisch leitfähiger Wassermantel ausbilden kann und wird selbstverständlich auch beim Spalt 28b sowie beim Kühlmantel 25 angewendet.FIG. 6 shows a section through a gap formed between winding support 1 and dip tube 18a. It can be seen that the gap is divided by means of three dividers 29 into three gap segments 28a ', 28a˝, 28a ‴ parallel to the main axis of the choke coil. This measure prevents an annular electrical Can of course form a conductive water jacket and is of course also used in the gap 28b and in the cooling jacket 25.

In Figur 7 ist eine zweite Variante einer Drosselspule dargestellt. Es ist eine Drosselspule 30 mit Endarmaturen 6, 7 für den elektrischen Anschluß zu erkennen, bei dem die Elektroanschlußseite gleichzeitig auch eine Kühlanschlußseite ist, d.h. die Drosselspule 30 wird von zwei Kühlflüssigkeitsleitungen 31, 32 durchdrungen, die an beiden Stirnflächen aus der Drosselspule austreten, wobei die Wicklung 3 der Drosselspule die beiden Kühlflüssigkeitsleitungen 31, 32 umschließt. Jede der beiden Kühlflüssigkeitsleitungen 31, 32 ist doppelwandig aufgebaut, so daß der äußere Mantel den Wicklungsträger 1 und der innere Mantel das Tauchrohr, z.B. 18a, bildet. Der zwischen beiden Mänteln befindliche Spalt, z.B. 28a, dient wiederum zur Drosselkühlung, während der Hohlraum 33 im Innenraum des inneren Mantels vorteilhaft zum Kühlflüssigkeitstransport dient.FIG. 7 shows a second variant of a choke coil. A choke coil 30 with end fittings 6, 7 for the electrical connection can be seen, in which the electrical connection side is also a cooling connection side, i.e. the choke coil 30 is penetrated by two coolant lines 31, 32, which emerge from the choke coil on both end faces, the winding 3 of the choke coil enclosing the two coolant lines 31, 32. Each of the two coolant lines 31, 32 is double-walled, so that the outer jacket the winding support 1 and the inner jacket the dip tube, e.g. 18a. The gap between the two jackets, e.g. 28a, in turn, is used for throttle cooling, while the cavity 33 in the interior of the inner jacket advantageously serves for the transport of coolant.

Claims (13)

  1. Inductance coil for a converter having two tubular winding supports (1, 2) of hollow design which are disposed in parallel and immediately adjacent to one another and which each support a subwinding of a single winding (3) comprising two subwindings connected in series with one another, the winding start (3a) and winding finish (3b) of the winding comprising two subwindings being disposed at the first end face of the winding supports and the winding (3) extending helically from the first end face (1a) to the second end face (1b) of the first winding support (1) starting at the winding start (3a), switching from the first winding support to the second winding support (2) at that point and extending further helically from the second end face (2b) to the first end face (2a) of the second winding support (2) up to the winding finish (3b), characterized in that the winding supports (1, 2) serve as heat sink for the internal cooling of the inductance coil with an electrically conductive cooling liquid and an immersion tube (18a, 18b) projects into the interior of each winding support (1, 2), as a result of which a cylindrical gap (28a, 28b) suitable for cooling-liquid cooling is formed between each winding support (1, 2) and the associated immersion tube (18a, 18b).
  2. Inductance coil according to Claim 1, characterized in that winding start (3a) and winding finish (3b) each have an enlarged cross section.
  3. Winding coil according to Claim 1 and/or 2, characterized in that the winding (3) is wound round with a banding (4).
  4. Inductance coil according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a surrounding casting (5) encloses the inductance coil, only the end fittings (6, 7) of the electrical connections and the end faces being cut out.
  5. Inductance coil according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the winding supports (1, 2) comprise a plastics tube.
  6. Inductance coil according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the winding supports (1, 2) are composed of a GFP tube.
  7. Inductance coil according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the winding supports (1, 2) comprise a composite tube having internal metal tube (20) and external electrical insulation (21).
  8. Inductance coil according to Claim 7, characterized in that the electrical insulation (21) is composed of a casting resin having aluminium nitride as filler.
  9. Inductance coil according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the winding supports (1, 2) comprise a porcelain tube or ceramic tube (22).
  10. Inductance coil according to at least one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the electrical connection sides (1a, 2a) at which winding start and winding finish are situated are hydraulically sealed and only the opposite cooling connection sides (1b, 2b) are suitably formed for hydraulically sealed connection to a cooling rail (15).
  11. Inductance coil according to at least one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the winding supports (1, 2) pass through both end faces.
  12. Inductance coil according to at least one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized by an additional external cooling system by means of a cooling sheath (25) between an insulating sleeve (23) covering the winding (3) and an external sleeve (24), the cooling sheath (25) being joined in a hydraulically sealed manner to cooling-liquid feed (16) and cooling-liquid return (17) of a cooling-liquid system.
  13. Inductance coil according to at least one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the gaps (28a, 28b) formed between immersion tubes (18a, 18b) and winding supports (1, 2) and/or the cooling sheath (25) are subdivided by separating crosspieces (29) into segments parallel to the main axis of the inductance coil.
EP93112152A 1992-08-04 1993-07-29 Choke coil for a converter Expired - Lifetime EP0582218B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4225677 1992-08-04
DE4225677A DE4225677A1 (en) 1992-08-04 1992-08-04 Choke coil for a converter

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0582218A1 EP0582218A1 (en) 1994-02-09
EP0582218B1 true EP0582218B1 (en) 1995-11-02

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EP93112152A Expired - Lifetime EP0582218B1 (en) 1992-08-04 1993-07-29 Choke coil for a converter

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007014360A1 (en) * 2007-03-26 2008-10-02 Abb Technology Ag Spacers for windings
DE102011079648A1 (en) * 2011-07-22 2013-01-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Winding arrangement with coil windings and a cooling channel system
CN112614664A (en) * 2020-12-11 2021-04-06 华中科技大学 Repetition frequency water-cooling inductor for special integrated power supply system and manufacturing method

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH297561A (en) * 1952-02-06 1954-03-31 Oerlikon Maschf Liquid-cooled transformer.
US4307364A (en) * 1980-05-16 1981-12-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Electrical reactor with foil windings
US4896130A (en) * 1987-11-16 1990-01-23 Ermilov Igor V Magnetic system
DE3743222A1 (en) * 1987-12-19 1989-06-29 Asea Brown Boveri Cooled inductor coil for converter installations
DE4008424A1 (en) * 1990-03-16 1991-09-19 Asea Brown Boveri Inductance coil for an inverter - has coil former constructed from four sections with corner inserts

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EP0582218A1 (en) 1994-02-09
DE4225677A1 (en) 1994-03-10
DE59300846D1 (en) 1995-12-07

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