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EP0452386A1 - Controlled-rigidity support element. - Google Patents

Controlled-rigidity support element.

Info

Publication number
EP0452386A1
EP0452386A1 EP90901651A EP90901651A EP0452386A1 EP 0452386 A1 EP0452386 A1 EP 0452386A1 EP 90901651 A EP90901651 A EP 90901651A EP 90901651 A EP90901651 A EP 90901651A EP 0452386 A1 EP0452386 A1 EP 0452386A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support element
element according
grids
envelope
load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90901651A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0452386B1 (en
Inventor
Gerard Block
Jean Loeb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Europeenne de Sieges pour Automobiles CESA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Europeenne de Sieges pour Automobiles CESA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Europeenne de Sieges pour Automobiles CESA filed Critical Compagnie Europeenne de Sieges pour Automobiles CESA
Publication of EP0452386A1 publication Critical patent/EP0452386A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0452386B1 publication Critical patent/EP0452386B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/36—Supports for the head or the back
    • A47C7/40—Supports for the head or the back for the back
    • A47C7/46—Supports for the head or the back for the back with special, e.g. adjustable, lumbar region support profile; "Ackerblom" profile chairs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S297/00—Chairs and seats
    • Y10S297/03—Pneumatic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S5/00—Beds
    • Y10S5/91—Beds with suction means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to support elements with controlled stiffness comprising an envelope subjected to a control pressure.
  • the invention applies by way of nonlimiting examples to pieces of furniture such as seats, benches or sofas.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a support element adaptable to the morphology of any user with the aim of obtaining support and support in an anatomically correct position which does not cause any phenomenon of fatigue or produce deformation of the spine likely to cause lordosis or kyphosis.
  • the publication FR-A 2 096 133 describes a seat whose backrest is equipped with a cushion containing a compressible porous mass elastically placed in communication with a source of vacuum. This source adjusts the thickness of the cushion until its rigidity is sufficient to resist compression due to the load communicated by the seat user. It is noted, however, that such a design of the backrest is unsuitable for the needs of lateral support of the trunk and sacro-lumbar lordosis during changes in posture of the user of
  • EP-A 0 113 613 describes a seat including a partitioned PVC envelope containing a layer of particles such as polystyrene beads.
  • This envelope is joined by means of piping to a vacuum pump. When the suction is established, the walls of the envelope compress the polystyrene beads without appreciable variation in volume, creating a consistency between the beads which hardens the layer in the position required by the seat position of the seat user.
  • the subject of the invention is a support element with controlled rigidity comprising an outer casing and an improved inner load with the aim of avoiding the drawbacks observed with ball loads.
  • the load is constituted by a flexible laminated structure whose different layers are mounted in relative displacement under the effect of a non-uniform distribution of the compressive force of the load in the absence of any pressure d 'servo and whose envelope is subjected to a pressure variation to remove any relative movement between the different layers by giving them the necessary rigidity.
  • the support element thus produced fulfills the stiffening function and finds its place, for example in the manufacture of trim linings in association with adjustment devices with inflatable air pockets.
  • It may, in particular, have a substantially reduced constant thickness whatever the position of use and be easily obtained by automated cutting processes.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective representation of the seat frame with a set of supports mounted on the backrest
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the support element constituted by a sealed external envelope surrounding a laminated internal load with superimposed sheets
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the support element constituted by a sealed external envelope surrounding a laminated internal load with the incorporation of one or more compressible layers, and of grids allowing an embedding effect,
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the support element using mechanical means of immobilization by locking effect
  • FIG. 5 is a representation of the variant embodiment according to FIG. 4 following a vacuuming of the envelope
  • FIG. 6 relates to an alternative embodiment of the support element as shown in FIG. 4,
  • FIGS. 7a, 7b - 8a, 8b describe alternative embodiments of the support element in which the mechanical immobilization means directly connect the outer layers through the middle layer (s),
  • FIG. 9 describes another alternative embodiment of the support element in which the sealed envelope is located inside the support element
  • FIG. 1 represents a back support area 3 disposed on the frame of the backrest 1 of a motor vehicle seat covered with padding 2.
  • the back support zone 3 is extended to the right and to the left by two lateral support zones 4, 5.
  • An adjustment system 10 actuated by means of operating members such as a manipulator assembly I s rests, on the one hand on the rigid frame 12 which defines the load surface of the backrest, and which is fixed as is known between the lateral uprights 13 of the backrest frame, and on the other hand on supports 1-4, 15 of the additional padding cushions respectively carried by the lateral uprights 13.
  • the adjustment system 10 is covered by a lining of fibers 28 agglomerated by an appropriate binder, in order to give the seat permeability and desired ventilation and ensure better distribution of trunk pressures on the backrest.
  • the adjustment system 10 and the fiber lining are covered by the padding 2 and thus constitute the assembly of the back supports 3 and side supports 4, 5.
  • the adjustment system here consists of two superimposed support elements 16, 17, the size of which can be modified by varying their internal pressure.
  • each of the elements 16, 17 is constituted by a hollow member whose walls are impermeable to gas.
  • the unit 16 which rests on the frame 12 has a predetermined shape by the assembly of three compartmentalized airbags 18, 19, 20 whose general configuration is in correspondence with the different support zones 3, 4, 5 and which are integral with each other so as to define three inflatable capacities separately or simultaneously under the action of inflation pulses communicated by the manipulator assembly.
  • the element 17 as shown in FIG. 2 consists of an outer casing 29 connected via the manipulator to a vacuum source forming part of a pneumatic servo-control device, an exemplary embodiment of which has been described by publication EP-A 0 113 613.
  • a load 30 constituted by a set of flexible and flexible sheets 31 constituting a deformable layer under the effect of a non-uniform distribution of the compressive force.
  • the material of the sheets can be paper, textile, plastic or metal capable of relative displacement under the effect of a deformation whose physical characteristics (texture - thickness - coefficients of friction) are adapted to the qualities of rigidity required for the element 17 when the casing 29 communicates with the vacuum source.
  • the rigidity is obtained by blocking the sheets under pressure by friction forces or following an embedding or locking effect.
  • the sheets 31 can have different characteristics and have a surface with buttons or pins that can be engaged in depressions or meshes of a grid.
  • the sheets can also have perforations, be cut or have stiffening elements (plates, rings, etc.) in order to facilitate the depression of the envelope, increase the rigidity of the load, improve the cohesion between leaves or avoid wrinkling.
  • the element of FIG. 3 thus comprises a load 30 constituted by at least one layer made in a plate 32 of compressible foam rubber disposed between two grids 33 in order to obtain penetration of the plate 32 in the meshes of the grid when the casing 29 is connected to the vacuum source.
  • the thickness of the plate 32 is determined as a function of the desired rigidity.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 describes a load similar to that of FIG. 3 in which the middle layer consists of a grid such as 33 disposed between two plates 32a, 32b, themselves in contact with two grids 34.
  • Each of the grids 34 carries pins 35 positioned perpendicular to the plates 32a, 32b and oriented through said plates towards the middle grid 33.
  • the pins 35 of the grids 34 are embedded in the meshes of the grid 33 and improve the aforementioned mechanical connection by connecting the two grids 34 by a locking effect.
  • the plates 32a, 32b whose thickness is slightly greater than the useful length of the pins 35, are compressed and the pins 35 become embedded in the grid 33.
  • the envelope 29 communicates with atmospheric pressure
  • the plates 32a, 32b return to their initial state and the pins 35 automatically detach from the grid 33 by an unlocking effect.
  • the pins 35 become embedded in other meshes of the grid 33. The reversibility of the locking and unlocking allows the shape of the support element to be modified at will. .
  • the middle layer is formed by two sets of pins 35 mounted in opposition and integral with two grids 34. It will, however, be possible to use in certain configurations of the element that a single grid such as 34 with which the pins 35 are secured and oriented in two opposite directions normal to said grid towards external grids 33 by crossing respectively two compressible plates 32a, 32b.
  • the pins 35 are replaced by bars 38 for connecting the external grids 33 through the compressible central plate 32.
  • the bars 38 may have a cylindrical body of larger diameter suitable for keeping a substantially constant spacing between the grids 33 as indicated in FIG. 7b, while pins 38a located at the end of said bars are engaged in the grid meshes 33.
  • the bars 38 have a median bulge 38b and extend through a set of two compressible plates 32a, 32b.
  • the bars 38 are integral with a stratum or middle grid 34. These devices are intended to obtain the correct centering of the bars in the laminate layer.
  • the waterproof envelope 29 constituting the middle layer is inside the support element.
  • the outer walls of the envelope 29 carry pins 35 integral with grids 34 and extend through compressible plates 32a, 32b.
  • the envelope 29 contains a flexible compressible body 39 such as a cellular foam.
  • the envelope 29 is connected to a source of vacuum or pressure in order to obtain a displacement of the pins perpendicular to the external walls of the envelope in the direction of two external grids 33.
  • the exterior layers respectively constituted by a protective wall 37, by a covering cover 40 and by the exterior grids 33 remain at atmospheric pressure.
  • the grids 33, the walls 37 and the cover 40 are held in position by a spacing device 50 in order to maintain the spacing of the grids 33 while allowing overall flexibility of the support element when the pins 35 are not positively engaged in the meshes of the grids 33.
  • the operating mode of the support element depends on the initial spacing of the grids 34, 33 and on the length of the pins 35.
  • the body 39 contracts, the pins 35 emerge from the grids 33 and the support element regains its flexibility.
  • the grids 33 and 34 move parallel to each other during the shaping of the support element.
  • the reestablishment of atmospheric pressure allows the envelope 29 to return to its normal size and the engagement of the pins 35 in other meshes of the grids 33 in order to stiffen the support element in its new form.
  • the shape of the latter is maintained at atmospheric pressure and the vacuum source is only switched on for the time necessary for the shape modifications.
  • the support element finds just as well an application in the manufacture of mattresses, gutters and splints usable in the medical field as in the manufacture of molds or industrial packaging.

Landscapes

  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)
  • Buffer Packaging (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)

Abstract

Elément de soutien à rigidité asservie notamment de siège constitué par une enveloppe (29) étanche et une charge (30), caractérisé par le fait que la charge (30) est constituée par une structure stratifiée flexible dont les différentes strates (31; 32, 33; 32a, 32b, 34) sont montées à déplacement relatif, sous l'effet d'une répartition non uniforme de la force de compression de la charge en l'absence de toute pression d'asservissement et dont on soumet l'enveloppe (29) à une variation de pression pour supprimer tout déplacement relatif desdites strates (31; 32, 33; 32a, 32b, 34) en leur conférant la rigidité nécessaire.Support element with controlled rigidity, in particular a seat consisting of a sealed envelope (29) and a load (30), characterized in that the load (30) is made up of a flexible stratified structure whose different strata (31; 32, 33; 32a, 32b, 34) are mounted with relative displacement, under the effect of a non-uniform distribution of the compression force of the load in the absence of any servo pressure and of which the envelope is subjected ( 29) to a pressure variation to suppress any relative movement of said strata (31; 32, 33; 32a, 32b, 34) by giving them the necessary rigidity.

Description

ELEMENT DE SOUTIEN A RIGIDITE ASSERVIE  SUPPORT ELEMENT WITH STIFFNESS RIGIDITY
L' invention concerne les éléments de soutien à rigidité asservie comportant une enveloppe soumise à une pression d' asservissement. The invention relates to support elements with controlled stiffness comprising an envelope subjected to a control pressure.
L' invention s' applique à titre d' exemples non limitatifs aux pièces de mobilier tels que des sièges, banquettes ou canapés. The invention applies by way of nonlimiting examples to pieces of furniture such as seats, benches or sofas.
L' invention concerne plus particulièrement un élément de soutien adaptable à la morphologie d' un quelconque utilisateur dans le but d' obtenir un maintien et un soutien dans une position anatomiquement correcte qui n' occasionne aucun phénomène de fatigue ni ne produit de déformation de la colonne vertébrale susceptible de provoquer la lordose ou la cyphose. The invention relates more particularly to a support element adaptable to the morphology of any user with the aim of obtaining support and support in an anatomically correct position which does not cause any phenomenon of fatigue or produce deformation of the spine likely to cause lordosis or kyphosis.
La publication FR-A 2 096 133 décrit un siège dont le dossier est équipé d' un coussin contenant une masse poreuse compressible elastiquement mise en communication avec une source de dépression. Cette source règle l' épaisseur du coussin jusqu' à ce que sa rigidité soit suffisante pour résister à la compression due à la charge communiquée par l' utilisateur du siège. On constate, toutefois, qu' une telle conception du dossier est inadaptée aux nécessités d' un maintien latéral du tronc et de la lordose sacro-lombaire au cours des changements de posture de l'utilisateur du The publication FR-A 2 096 133 describes a seat whose backrest is equipped with a cushion containing a compressible porous mass elastically placed in communication with a source of vacuum. This source adjusts the thickness of the cushion until its rigidity is sufficient to resist compression due to the load communicated by the seat user. It is noted, however, that such a design of the backrest is unsuitable for the needs of lateral support of the trunk and sacro-lumbar lordosis during changes in posture of the user of
La publication EP-A 0 113 613 décrit un siège incluant une enveloppe PVC cloisonnée contenant une couche de particules telles que des billes de polystyrène. Cette enveloppe est réunie au moyen d' une tuyauterie à une pompe à vide. Lorsque la succion s' établit, les parois de l' enveloppe compriment les billes de polystyrène sans variation sensible de volume, en créant une cohérence entre les billes qui durcit la couche dans la position requise par la position assise de l' utilisateur du siège. Publication EP-A 0 113 613 describes a seat including a partitioned PVC envelope containing a layer of particles such as polystyrene beads. This envelope is joined by means of piping to a vacuum pump. When the suction is established, the walls of the envelope compress the polystyrene beads without appreciable variation in volume, creating a consistency between the beads which hardens the layer in the position required by the seat position of the seat user.
L' éclatement des billes consécutif aux vibrations extérieures et frottements communiqués à l' enveloppe se traduit par une perte totale de l' efficacité de l' élément de garnissage. De plus, il s' avère difficile de réaliser une bonne répartition des billes lorsque l' enveloppe est située dans un plan non horizontal. On connaît, en outre, par la publication DE-GM 76 17 960 un appui dorsal consistant en des manchons pneumatiques. Des pompes équipées chacune d' un clapet d' échappement permettent de régler individuellement la pression intérieure de chaque manchon et d' adapter l' appui dorsal aux besoins de l' utilisateur. Une modification de l' effet d' appui durant la marche du véhicule est difficile, en particulier pour le conducteur, et n' est rendue possible que si l' organe de manoeuvre a été conçu pour pouvoir être utilisé d' une seule main. The bursting of the balls subsequent to the external vibrations and friction communicated to the envelope results in a total loss of the efficiency of the packing element. In addition, it proves difficult to achieve a good distribution of the balls when the envelope is located in a non-horizontal plane. We also know from publication DE-GM 76 17 960 a back support consisting of pneumatic sleeves. Pumps each fitted with an exhaust valve allow the internal pressure of each sleeve to be adjusted individually and the back support to be adapted to the needs of the user. It is difficult, in particular for the driver, to modify the bearing effect while the vehicle is in motion, and is only made possible if the operating member has been designed to be able to be used with one hand.
L' invention a pour objet un élément de soutien à rigidité asservie comportant une enveloppe extérieure et une charge intérieure perfectionnée dans le but d' éviter les inconvénients constatés sur les charges à billes. The subject of the invention is a support element with controlled rigidity comprising an outer casing and an improved inner load with the aim of avoiding the drawbacks observed with ball loads.
Conformément à l' invention, la charge est constituée par une structure stratifiée flexible dont les différentes strates sont montées à déplacement relatif sous l' effet d'une répartition non uniforme de la force de compression de la charge en l' absence de toute pression d' asservissement et dont on soumet l' enveloppe à une variation de pression pour supprimer tout déplacement relatif entre les différentes strates en leur conférant la rigidité nécessaire. According to the invention, the load is constituted by a flexible laminated structure whose different layers are mounted in relative displacement under the effect of a non-uniform distribution of the compressive force of the load in the absence of any pressure d 'servo and whose envelope is subjected to a pressure variation to remove any relative movement between the different layers by giving them the necessary rigidity.
L' élément de soutien ainsi réalisé remplit la fonction de rigidification et trouve sa place, par exemple dans la confection de garnitures d' habillage en association avec des dispositifs de réglage à poches d' air gonflables. The support element thus produced fulfills the stiffening function and finds its place, for example in the manufacture of trim linings in association with adjustment devices with inflatable air pockets.
Il pourra, notamment, comporter une épaisseur constante sensiblement plus réduite quelque soit la position d'utilisation et être obtenu aisément par des procédés de découpage automatisés. It may, in particular, have a substantially reduced constant thickness whatever the position of use and be easily obtained by automated cutting processes.
D' autres caractéristiques et avantages de l' invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description d' exemples de réalisation de l' élément de soutien et d' un exemple de confection d' un siège qui en fait l' application en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel : Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description of examples of embodiment of the support element and of an example of making a seat which makes use of it with reference to the attached drawing. in which :
- La figure 1 est une représentation en perspective de l' armature du siège avec un ensemble d' appuis montés sur le dossier, - La figure 2 est une vue en coupe de l' élément de soutien constitué par une enveloppe extérieure étanche entourant une charge intérieure stratifiée à feuilles superposées, - Figure 1 is a perspective representation of the seat frame with a set of supports mounted on the backrest, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the support element constituted by a sealed external envelope surrounding a laminated internal load with superimposed sheets,
- La figure 3 est une vue en perspective de l' élément de soutien constitué par une enveloppe extérieure étanche entourant une charge intérieure stratifiée avec incorporation de une ou plusieurs strates compressibles, et de grilles autorisant un effet d' encastrement, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the support element constituted by a sealed external envelope surrounding a laminated internal load with the incorporation of one or more compressible layers, and of grids allowing an embedding effect,
- La figure 4 est une vue en coupe d' une variante de réalisation de l' élément de soutien utilisant des moyens mécaniques d' immobilisation par effet de verrouillage, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the support element using mechanical means of immobilization by locking effect,
- La figure 5 est une représentation de la variante de réalisation selon la figure 4 à la suite d' une mise sous vide de l' enveloppe, FIG. 5 is a representation of the variant embodiment according to FIG. 4 following a vacuuming of the envelope,
- La figure 6 se rapporte à une variante de réalisation de l' élément de soutien tel que représenté à la figure 4, FIG. 6 relates to an alternative embodiment of the support element as shown in FIG. 4,
- Les figures 7a, 7b - 8a, 8b décrivent des variantes de réalisation de l' élément de soutien dans lesquelles les moyens mécaniques d' immobilisation relient directement les strates extérieures au travers de la ou des strates médianes, FIGS. 7a, 7b - 8a, 8b describe alternative embodiments of the support element in which the mechanical immobilization means directly connect the outer layers through the middle layer (s),
- La figure 9 décrit une autre variante de réalisation de l' élément de soutien dans laquelle l' enveloppe étanche se situe à l' intérieur de l' élément de soutien, FIG. 9 describes another alternative embodiment of the support element in which the sealed envelope is located inside the support element,
La figure 1 représente une zone d' appui dorsal 3 disposé sur l' armature du dossier 1 d' un siège de véhicule automobile recouvert d' un rembourrage 2. FIG. 1 represents a back support area 3 disposed on the frame of the backrest 1 of a motor vehicle seat covered with padding 2.
La zone d' appui dorsal 3 se prolonge à droite et à gauche par deux zones d'appuis latéraux 4, 5. Un système de réglage 10 actionné par l' intermédiaire d' organes de manoeuvre tel qu' un ensemble manipulateur I l repose, d' une part sur l' armature rigide 12 qui définit la surface de charge du dossier, et qui est fixée ainsi que cela est connu entre les montants latéraux 13 de l' armature du dossier, et d' autre part sur des supports 1-4, 15 des coussins de rembourrage additionnels respectivement portés par les montants latéraux 13. Le système de réglage 10 est recouvert par une garniture de fibres 28 agglomérées par un liant approprié, dans le but de conférer au siège la perméabilité et l' aération souhaitées et d' assurer une meilleure répartition des pressions du tronc sur le dossier. Le système de réglage 10 et la garniture de fibres sont recouverts par le rembourrage 2 et constituent de la sorte l' ensemble des appuis dorsal 3 et latéraux 4, 5. The back support zone 3 is extended to the right and to the left by two lateral support zones 4, 5. An adjustment system 10 actuated by means of operating members such as a manipulator assembly I s rests, on the one hand on the rigid frame 12 which defines the load surface of the backrest, and which is fixed as is known between the lateral uprights 13 of the backrest frame, and on the other hand on supports 1-4, 15 of the additional padding cushions respectively carried by the lateral uprights 13. The adjustment system 10 is covered by a lining of fibers 28 agglomerated by an appropriate binder, in order to give the seat permeability and desired ventilation and ensure better distribution of trunk pressures on the backrest. The adjustment system 10 and the fiber lining are covered by the padding 2 and thus constitute the assembly of the back supports 3 and side supports 4, 5.
Le système de réglage est ici constitué par deux éléments de soutien superposés 16, 17 dont la taille est modifiable par variation de leur pression interne. A cet effet, chacun des éléments 16, 17 est constitué par un organe creux dont les parois sont imperméables au gaz. L' unité 16 qui repose sur l' armature 12 possède une forme prédéterminée par l' assemblage de trois coussins gonflables compartimentés 18, 19, 20 dont la configuration générale est en correspondance avec les différentes zones d' appui 3, 4, 5 et qui sont solidaires entre eux de manière à définir trois capacités gonflables séparément ou simultanément sous l' action des impulsions de gonflage communiquée par l' ensemble manipulateur. The adjustment system here consists of two superimposed support elements 16, 17, the size of which can be modified by varying their internal pressure. To this end, each of the elements 16, 17 is constituted by a hollow member whose walls are impermeable to gas. The unit 16 which rests on the frame 12 has a predetermined shape by the assembly of three compartmentalized airbags 18, 19, 20 whose general configuration is in correspondence with the different support zones 3, 4, 5 and which are integral with each other so as to define three inflatable capacities separately or simultaneously under the action of inflation pulses communicated by the manipulator assembly.
L' élément 17 tel que représenté à la figure 2 est constitué par une enveloppe extérieure 29 reliée par l' intermédiaire du manipulateur à une source de vide faisant partie d' un dispositif d' asservissement pneumatique dont un exemple de réalisation a été décrit par la publication EP-A 0 113 613. The element 17 as shown in FIG. 2 consists of an outer casing 29 connected via the manipulator to a vacuum source forming part of a pneumatic servo-control device, an exemplary embodiment of which has been described by publication EP-A 0 113 613.
Dans l' enveloppe 29 est contenue une charge 30 constituée par un ensemble de feuilles 31 souples et flexibles constituant une couche déformable sous l' effet d' une répartition non uniforme de la force de compression. A titre d' exemple, la matière constitutive des feuilles peut être du papier, textile, plastique ou métal susceptibles de déplacements relatifs sous l' effet d' une déformation dont les caractéristiques physiques (texture - épaisseur - coefficients de frottement) sont adaptées aux qualités de rigidité requises pour l' élément 17 lorsque l' enveloppe 29 communique avec la source de vide. Dans ce cas, la rigidité est obtenue par bloquage des feuilles sous pression par des forces de friction ou à la suite d' un effet d' encastrement ou de verrouillage. In the envelope 29 is contained a load 30 constituted by a set of flexible and flexible sheets 31 constituting a deformable layer under the effect of a non-uniform distribution of the compressive force. By way of example, the material of the sheets can be paper, textile, plastic or metal capable of relative displacement under the effect of a deformation whose physical characteristics (texture - thickness - coefficients of friction) are adapted to the qualities of rigidity required for the element 17 when the casing 29 communicates with the vacuum source. In this case, the rigidity is obtained by blocking the sheets under pressure by friction forces or following an embedding or locking effect.
A cet effet, les feuilles 31 peuvent avoir des caractéristiques différentes et présenter une surface à boutons ou pions engageables dans des dépressions ou des mailles d' une grille. Les feuilles peuvent également présenter des perforations, être découpées ou posséder des éléments de rigidification (plaques, anneaux, etc..) dans le but de faciliter la mise en dépression de l' enveloppe, augmenter la rigidité de la charge, améliorer la cohésion entre les feuilles ou éviter la formation de plis. To this end, the sheets 31 can have different characteristics and have a surface with buttons or pins that can be engaged in depressions or meshes of a grid. The sheets can also have perforations, be cut or have stiffening elements (plates, rings, etc.) in order to facilitate the depression of the envelope, increase the rigidity of the load, improve the cohesion between leaves or avoid wrinkling.
Dans ce qui suit on conviendra de désigner par les mêmes références les éléments ou organes analogues entrant dans la composition des diverses charges 30. In what follows, it will be appropriate to designate by the same references the elements or analogous bodies used in the composition of the various charges 30.
L' élément de la figure 3 comporte de la sorte une charge 30 constituée par au moins une strate réalisée dans une plaque 32 de caoutchouc mousse compressible disposée entre deux grilles 33 dans le but d' obtenir une pénétration de la plaque 32 dans les mailles de la grille lorsque l' enveloppe 29 est reliée à la source de vide. L' épaisseur de la plaque 32 est déterminée en fonction de la rigidité souhaitée. The element of FIG. 3 thus comprises a load 30 constituted by at least one layer made in a plate 32 of compressible foam rubber disposed between two grids 33 in order to obtain penetration of the plate 32 in the meshes of the grid when the casing 29 is connected to the vacuum source. The thickness of the plate 32 is determined as a function of the desired rigidity.
On réalise de la sorte une liaison mécanique entre les strates 32, 33 à la suite de la mise en dépression de l' enveloppe 29. In this way a mechanical connection is made between the strata 32, 33 following the placing of the envelope 29 in depression.
L' élément représenté aux figures 4 et 5 décrit une charge analogue à celle de la figure 3 dans laquelle la strate médiane est constituée par une grille telle que 33 disposée entre deux plaques 32a, 32b, elles-mêmes en contact avec deux grilles 34. Chacune des grilles 34 porte des pions 35 positionnés perpendiculairement aux plaques 32a, 32b et orientés au travers desdites plaques vers la grille médiane 33. The element shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 describes a load similar to that of FIG. 3 in which the middle layer consists of a grid such as 33 disposed between two plates 32a, 32b, themselves in contact with two grids 34. Each of the grids 34 carries pins 35 positioned perpendicular to the plates 32a, 32b and oriented through said plates towards the middle grid 33.
Lorsque l' élément est soumis à une force de compression qui lui communique une courbure, les grilles 34 et les plaques 32a, 32b se déplacent relativement à la grille 33. When the element is subjected to a compressive force which gives it a curvature, the grids 34 and the plates 32a, 32b move relative to the grid 33.
Lorsque l' enveloppe 29 est reliée à la source de vide, les pions 35 des grilles 34 s' encastrent dans les mailles de la grille 33 et améliorent la liaison mécanique précitée en reliant les deux grilles 34 par un effet de verrouillage. Au cours du processus, les plaques 32a, 32b, dont l' épaisseur est légèrement supérieure à la longueur utile des pions 35, sont comprimées et les pions 35 s' encastrent dans la grille 33. Par contre, lorsque l' enveloppe 29 communique avec la pression atmosphérique, les plaques 32a, 32b retrouvent leur état initial et les pions 35 se désolidarisent automatiquement de la grille 33 par un effet de déverrouillage . Lors d' un - changement de courbure de la charge 30, les pions 35 s' encastrent dans d' autres mailles de la grille 33. La réversibilité du verrouillage et du déverrouillage permet la modification à volonté de la forme de l' élément de soutien. When the casing 29 is connected to the vacuum source, the pins 35 of the grids 34 are embedded in the meshes of the grid 33 and improve the aforementioned mechanical connection by connecting the two grids 34 by a locking effect. During the process, the plates 32a, 32b, whose thickness is slightly greater than the useful length of the pins 35, are compressed and the pins 35 become embedded in the grid 33. On the other hand, when the envelope 29 communicates with atmospheric pressure, the plates 32a, 32b return to their initial state and the pins 35 automatically detach from the grid 33 by an unlocking effect. During a change in the curvature of the load 30, the pins 35 become embedded in other meshes of the grid 33. The reversibility of the locking and unlocking allows the shape of the support element to be modified at will. .
Selon l' exemple de réalisation représenté à la figure 6, la strate médiane est formée par deux ensembles de pions 35 montés en opposition et solidaires de deux grilles 34. Il sera, toutefois, possible de n' utiliser dans certaines configurations de l' élément qu' une seule grille telle que 34 avec laquelle les pions 35 sont solidarisés et orientés selon deux directions opposées normales à ladite grille vers des grilles extérieures 33 en traversant respectivement deux plaques 32a, 32b compressibles. According to the embodiment shown in Figure 6, the middle layer is formed by two sets of pins 35 mounted in opposition and integral with two grids 34. It will, however, be possible to use in certain configurations of the element that a single grid such as 34 with which the pins 35 are secured and oriented in two opposite directions normal to said grid towards external grids 33 by crossing respectively two compressible plates 32a, 32b.
L' ensemble précité est protégé par des strates extérieures 37 dans le but de préserver l' enveloppe 29 des perforations éventuelles. The above-mentioned assembly is protected by external layers 37 in order to preserve the envelope 29 from any perforations.
Selon les figures 7d, 7b, les pions 35 sont remplacés par des barres 38 de liaison des grilles extérieures 33 au travers de la plaque médiane compressible 32. According to FIGS. 7d, 7b, the pins 35 are replaced by bars 38 for connecting the external grids 33 through the compressible central plate 32.
Les barres 38 peuvent posséder un corps cylindrique de plus fort diamètre adapté à la conservation d' un écartement sensiblement constant entre les grilles 33 ainsi que cela est indiqué à la figure 7b, tandis que des tétons 38a situés à l' extrémité desdites barres sont engagés dans les mailles des grilles 33. The bars 38 may have a cylindrical body of larger diameter suitable for keeping a substantially constant spacing between the grids 33 as indicated in FIG. 7b, while pins 38a located at the end of said bars are engaged in the grid meshes 33.
Selon la figure 8a, les barres 38 possèdent un renflement médian 38b et s' étendent au travers d' un ensemble de deux plaques compressibles 32a, 32b. Selon la figure 8b, les barres 38 sont solidaires d' une strate ou grille médiane 34. Ces dispositifs ont pour but d' obtenir le centrage correct des barres dans la couche stratifiée. According to FIG. 8a, the bars 38 have a median bulge 38b and extend through a set of two compressible plates 32a, 32b. According to Figure 8b, the bars 38 are integral with a stratum or middle grid 34. These devices are intended to obtain the correct centering of the bars in the laminate layer.
Selon la figure 9, l' enveloppe étanche 29 constitutive de la strate médiane est à l' intérieur de l' élément de soutien. Les parois extérieures de l' enveloppe 29 portent des pions 35 solidaires de grilles 34 et s' étendent au travers de plaques compressibles 32a, 32b. L' enveloppe 29 contient un corps souple compressible 39 tel qu' une mousse alvéolaire.According to FIG. 9, the waterproof envelope 29 constituting the middle layer is inside the support element. The outer walls of the envelope 29 carry pins 35 integral with grids 34 and extend through compressible plates 32a, 32b. The envelope 29 contains a flexible compressible body 39 such as a cellular foam.
L' enveloppe 29 est reliée à une source de vide ou de pression dans le but d' obtenir un déplacement des pions perpendiculairement aux parois extérieures de l' enveloppe en direction de deux grilles extérieures 33. The envelope 29 is connected to a source of vacuum or pressure in order to obtain a displacement of the pins perpendicular to the external walls of the envelope in the direction of two external grids 33.
Les strates extérieures respectivement constituées par une paroi 37 de protection, par une housse d' habillage 40 et par les grilles extérieures 33 restent à la pression atmosphérique. The exterior layers respectively constituted by a protective wall 37, by a covering cover 40 and by the exterior grids 33 remain at atmospheric pressure.
Les grilles 33, les parois 37 et la housse 40 sont maintenues en position par un dispositif d' écartement 50 dans le but de maintenir l' écartement des grilles 33 tout en autorisant une souplesse d' ensemble de l' élément de soutien lorsque les pions 35 ne sont pas engagés positivement dans les mailles des grilles 33. The grids 33, the walls 37 and the cover 40 are held in position by a spacing device 50 in order to maintain the spacing of the grids 33 while allowing overall flexibility of the support element when the pins 35 are not positively engaged in the meshes of the grids 33.
Le mode de fonctionnement de l' élément de soutien dépend de l' écartement initial des grilles 34, 33 et de la longueur des pions 35. The operating mode of the support element depends on the initial spacing of the grids 34, 33 and on the length of the pins 35.
Dans le cas où les pions 35 ne sont pas engagés dans les grilles 33 en position normale, lorsque l' enveloppe 29 est à la pression atmosphérique, lorsque l' enveloppe 29 est sous une pression supérieure à la pression atmosphérique, le corps 39 s' expanse, les pions 35 s' encastrent dans les grilles 33 et l' élément de soutien se rigidifie. In the case where the pins 35 are not engaged in the grids 33 in the normal position, when the envelope 29 is at atmospheric pressure, when the envelope 29 is under a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure, the body 39 s' expanded, the pins 35 are embedded in the grids 33 and the support element stiffens.
Supposons que les pions 35 soient engagés dans les grilles 33 en position normale, lorsque l' enveloppe 29 est à la pression atmosphérique. Suppose that the pins 35 are engaged in the grids 33 in the normal position, when the envelope 29 is at atmospheric pressure.
Lorsque l' enveloppe 29 est reliée à une source de vide, le corps 39 se contracte, les pions 35 se dégagent des grilles 33 et l' élément de soutien retrouve sa souplesse. Dans ce cas, les grilles 33 et 34 se déplacent parallèlement entre elles au cours de la mise en forme de l' élément de soutien. When the casing 29 is connected to a source of vacuum, the body 39 contracts, the pins 35 emerge from the grids 33 and the support element regains its flexibility. In this case, the grids 33 and 34 move parallel to each other during the shaping of the support element.
Le rétablissement de la pression atmosphérique permet à l' enveloppe 29 de reprendre sa taille normale et l' engagement des pions 35 dans d' autres mailles des grilles 33 dans le but de rigidifier l' élément de soutien dans sa nouvelle forme. Dans ce mode de réalisation de l' élément de soutien, la forme de ce dernier est maintenue à la pression atmosphérique et la source de vide n' est enclanchée que le temps nécessaire aux modifications de forme. The reestablishment of atmospheric pressure allows the envelope 29 to return to its normal size and the engagement of the pins 35 in other meshes of the grids 33 in order to stiffen the support element in its new form. In this embodiment of the support element, the shape of the latter is maintained at atmospheric pressure and the vacuum source is only switched on for the time necessary for the shape modifications.
Sans sortir du cadre de l' invention, il est bien évident que l' application d' une enveloppe intérieure étanche peut tout aussi bien convenir à l' exemple décrit en référence des figures 3, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b. Dans ce dernier cas, les barres 38 s' étendront au travers de l' enveloppe dont les parois localement soudées permettent l' aménagement d' oeils de passage des barres telles que 38. Réciproquement, et à titre d' exemple non limitatif, les barres telles que 38 peuvent tout aussi bien remplacer les pions 35 utilisés dans l' exemple de réalisation selon la figure 9. Without departing from the scope of the invention, it is obvious that the application of a sealed inner envelope can just as well suit the example described with reference to FIGS. 3, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b. In the latter case, the bars 38 will extend through the envelope, the locally welded walls of which allow the fitting of passage eyes for bars such as 38. Conversely, and by way of nonlimiting example, the bars such as 38 can just as easily replace the pins 35 used in the embodiment according to FIG. 9.
On comprend aussi que l' élément de soutien trouve tout aussi bien une application dans la confection de matelas, gouttières et attelles utilisables dans le domaine médical que dans la confection de moules ou d' emballages industriels. It is also understood that the support element finds just as well an application in the manufacture of mattresses, gutters and splints usable in the medical field as in the manufacture of molds or industrial packaging.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1/ Elément de soutien à rigidité asservie notamment de siège constitué par une enveloppe (29) étanche et une charge (30), caractérisé par le fait que la charge (30) est constituée par une structure stratifiée flexible dont les différentes strates (31 ; 32,1 / Support element with controlled rigidity, in particular of a seat constituted by a sealed envelope (29) and a load (30), characterized in that the load (30) is constituted by a flexible laminated structure, the different strata (31; 32,
33 ; 32a, 32b, 34) sont montées à déplacement relatif, sous l' effet d' une répartition non uniforme de la force de compression de la charge en l' absence de toute pression d' asservissement et dont on soumet l' enveloppe (29) à une variation de pression pour supprimer tout déplacement relatif entre lesdites strates (31 ; 32,33; 32a, 32b, 34) are mounted with relative displacement, under the effect of a non-uniform distribution of the compressive force of the load in the absence of any servo pressure and of which the casing (29) is subjected to a pressure variation to suppress any relative displacement between said layers (31; 32,
33 ; 32a, 32b, 34) en leur conférant la rigidité nécessaire. 33; 32a, 32b, 34) by giving them the necessary rigidity.
2/ Elément de soutien selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la charge est constituée à partir de feuilles (31) enfermées dans une enveloppe (29) extérieure reliée à une source de vide et soumise à la pression atmosphérique extérieure. 2 / support element according to claim 1, characterized in that the load is formed from sheets (31) enclosed in an outer casing (29) connected to a vacuum source and subjected to external atmospheric pressure.
3/ Elément de soutien selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que les feuilles possèdent un coefficient de frottement superficiel autorisant leur adhérence mutuelle lors d' une variation de pression. 3 / support element according to claim 2, characterized in that the sheets have a surface friction coefficient allowing their mutual adhesion during a pressure variation.
4/ Elément de soutien selon l' une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que les feuilles (31) sont dissemblables. 4 / support element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sheets (31) are dissimilar.
5/ Elément de soutien selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les strates possèdent des moyens (33 ; 34, 35) mécaniques d' immobilisation à encastrement. 5 / support element according to claim 1, characterized in that the strata have means (33; 34, 35) mechanical immobilisation to embedding.
6/ Elément de soutien selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens (33 ; 34 ; 35) mécaniques d' immobilisation sont répartis de part et d' autre d' une strate (32) compressible. 7/ Elément de soutien selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens mécaniques d' encastrement (35, 38) sont répartis de part et d' autre d' une strate médiane (32, 39). 8/ Elément de soutien selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que la strate médiane est constituée par une grille (33) dont les mailles constituent les éléments de réception de pions (35) positionnés sur une strate (34) adjacente et s' étendant au travers de la strate (32) compressible. 9/ Elément de soutien selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que la strate médiane est constituée par un ensemble de pions (35) en opposition orientés en direction de deux grilles (33) adjacentes au travers de strates (32a, 32b) compressibles. 10/ Elément de soutien selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments d' encastrement sont constitués par des barres de liaison (38) de grilles (33) adjacentes à au moins une strate compressible (32, 32d, 32b). 11/ Elément de soutien selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que les barres de liaison (38) comportent des moyens d' écartement des grilles (33) et s' étendent au travers de la strate (32, 32a, 32b) compressible. 12/ Elément de soutien selon l' une quelconque des revendications 1,6 / Support element according to claim 5, characterized in that the mechanical immobilization means (33; 34; 35) are distributed on either side of a compressible stratum (32). 7 / support element according to claim 6, characterized in that the mechanical embedding means (35, 38) are distributed on either side of a median layer (32, 39). 8 / support element according to claim 7, characterized in that the middle stratum is constituted by a grid (33) whose meshes constitute the pawn receiving elements (35) positioned on an adjacent stratum (34) and s' extending through the compressible layer (32). 9 / support element according to claim 7, characterized in that the middle stratum is constituted by a set of pins (35) in opposition oriented in the direction of two grids (33) adjacent through compressible strata (32a, 32b) . 10 / support element according to claim 7, characterized in that the embedding elements consist of connecting bars (38) of grids (33) adjacent to at least one compressible layer (32, 32d, 32b). 11 / support element according to claim 10, characterized in that the connecting bars (38) comprise means for spacing the grids (33) and extend through the compressible layer (32, 32a, 32b) . 12 / Support element according to any one of claims 1,
5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, caractérisé par le fait que l' enveloppe étanche (29) s' étend entre les pions (35) en opposition orientés en direction de grilles adjacentes (33) entre lesquelles est placé un dispositif d' écartement (50). 13/ Elément de soutien selon la revendication 12, caractérisé par le fait que l' enveloppe (29) contient un corps (39) compressible dont l' expansion et la contract ion sous l' effet d' une variation de la pression dans l' enveloppe (29) commande le déplacement des pions (35) dans le sens d' un verrouillage ou d; déverrouillage au contact des grilles adjacentes (33). 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, characterized in that the sealed envelope (29) extends between the pins (35) in opposition oriented in the direction of adjacent grids (33) between which a device is placed spacer (50). 13 / Support element according to claim 12, characterized in that the envelope (29) contains a compressible body (39) whose expansion and contract ion under the effect of a variation of the pressure in the envelope (29) controls the movement of the pins (35) in the direction of locking or d; unlocking in contact with adjacent grids (33).
EP90901651A 1989-01-10 1990-01-02 Controlled-rigidity support element Expired - Lifetime EP0452386B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8900197A FR2641493B1 (en) 1989-01-10 1989-01-10 SUPPORT ELEMENT FOR RIGIDITY ASSERVED
FR8900197 1989-01-10

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EP0452386A1 true EP0452386A1 (en) 1991-10-23
EP0452386B1 EP0452386B1 (en) 1993-12-29

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EP90901651A Expired - Lifetime EP0452386B1 (en) 1989-01-10 1990-01-02 Controlled-rigidity support element

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US (1) US5159726A (en)
EP (1) EP0452386B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2656151B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE99138T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69005616T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0452386T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2047911T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2641493B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1990007890A1 (en)

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US6713001B1 (en) 1997-12-29 2004-03-30 Lear Corporation Surface imaging method for a vehicle seat
US6367106B1 (en) 1998-02-20 2002-04-09 Sand Therapeutic, Inc. Therapeutic support for the reduction of decubitus ulcers
JP4426722B2 (en) 1998-05-19 2010-03-03 ケルシウス，エルエルシー Towel mat with frame member and removably attached membrane
USD447661S1 (en) 1998-05-19 2001-09-11 Gray Matter Holdings, Llc Mat with inflatable pillow
US6684433B2 (en) * 2001-03-07 2004-02-03 Gualtiero G. Giori Pressure adjustable foam support apparatus
US6922863B2 (en) * 2001-03-07 2005-08-02 Gualtiero G. Giori Adjustable foam mattress
DE10156621C1 (en) * 2001-11-17 2002-11-21 Thomas Hausmann Child seat, for automobile or aircraft, has foam-filled inflatable cushioning elements allowing fitting to each child
CA2416861A1 (en) 2002-02-01 2003-08-01 The Or Group,Inc. Reversed air mattress
US20060075569A1 (en) * 2002-09-17 2006-04-13 Gino Giori Adjustable foam mattress
DE10358951B4 (en) * 2003-12-15 2015-02-12 Deutsche Lufthansa Ag Air cushion arrangement for a passenger seat
EP1903913B1 (en) * 2005-07-20 2010-06-09 Prospective Concepts AG Pneumatic vehicle seat
US11299084B2 (en) * 2019-10-16 2022-04-12 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Selectively rigidizable membrane

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2641493A1 (en) 1990-07-13
DE69005616T2 (en) 1994-04-28
ES2047911T3 (en) 1994-03-01
US5159726A (en) 1992-11-03
WO1990007890A1 (en) 1990-07-26
JPH05500458A (en) 1993-02-04
ATE99138T1 (en) 1994-01-15
DE69005616D1 (en) 1994-02-10
EP0452386B1 (en) 1993-12-29
FR2641493B1 (en) 1991-02-22
JP2656151B2 (en) 1997-09-24
DK0452386T3 (en) 1994-01-24

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