DE7532453U - COMPONENT - Google Patents

Description

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DR.-ING. DIPL.-INS. M. SC; 'c * * O WU-I-PHV *. ORi · · OIPL.-PHY5. HÖGER - LEGAL RIGHTS -GRiESSBACH - HAECKER PATENT LAWYERS IN STUTTGART

LUTERMA

Component

The innovation concerns wooden construction elements, welehe in particular can be used as panels, beams and posts, which can optionally have a great length and made by slats and plywood.

There is already a so-called "slat material" known, which has the shape of panels of small thickness, but possibly large surface and wixd formed by a core of juxtaposed, generally made of white wood slats, which is covered on each side with a plywood panel . The various components are combined by hot gluing under the press. This material is widely used for light carpentry work, but in no way does it enable the production of floors which are intended to carry heavy local loads (e.g. floors of railway wagons), of large span beams and of posts working on kinks. The idea is nats to expand the possibilities des'battenmaterials "by increasing its thickness * Jn reality is the profit illusory. On the one hand thus obtained cover the cost of the material compared to the increase of benefits disproportionately because the losses in

Production of battens will increase considerably. on the other hand If one calculates the main η advantage of the slat material, which consists in the elimination of the consequences of extensive defects in wood thanks to the subdivision of these defects ".

The innovation "aims at the production of components, which can be produced by means of a technology which is comparable to that of the slat material, their training and However, properties are so different from those of the slat material that it is possible through this innovation according to the material, whose price remains low to replace the solid timber in applications in which it was previously absolutely necessary was

For this, the innovation proposes an element with several layers (generally at least three) of parallel Slats made of solid wood (fir, ficbcbe or enough dense poplar), the two outer layers being formed by battens with the same direction as the fibers, each Layer separated from the neighboring layer by a plywood panel whose grain direction is perpendicular to the grain direction of the wood of the battens of the outer layers «

The batten layers can all have the same thickness. However, since the gluing time under the heating press is all the more is shorter, the closer the gluing planes are to the surfaces in contact with the press plate, it is advisable to use an odd one Number of layers (often three) to use and the middle layer to be thicker than the outer layers give. This increases the time it takes to occupy the press serving to unite the constituent parts abbreviated

The components of the element can be proportionate be of the usual kind. The plywood panels are generally tropical woods, such as Gabon mahogany, although developable as well native woods (e.g. poplar) can be used at the expense of reducing their lifespan. These plates can have the usual thickness, i.e. 1.3 * 1 | 76 or 2.6 mm. the Slats are made of solid hardwood, such as fir or spruce, and their cross-section can be square or rectangular, with the Side length can be between 10 mm and 4-5 mm. At a page length of over 45 mm, the advantage of the subdivided

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Regardless of the solution chosen, an element is obtained which is very flat, no deformations, in particular Warpage, still showing changes in the dimensions of the solid wood. The element does not contain concentrated either and more extensive errors in volume. Its mechanical strength and its resistance to the The effect of cold water or steam at 130 ° 0 is quite satisfactory.

The innovation is explained below by way of example with reference to the drawing.

Fig. 1 shows schematically in a perspective representation a part of a intended for use as a board Elements.

FIG. 2, which is similar to FIG. 1, shows a variant embodiment.

Figures 3 and 4 show schematically the application of the innovation to the formation of beams and posts.

For the sake of greater clarity, the components of one and the same element have been shown in different scales, especially with regard to their thickness. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the corresponding organs of various embodiments, with double arrows indicating the fiber direction of the components.

The element j, a part of which is shown schematically in FIG. 1, is in particular for the formation of on Its four sides supported panels can be used, e.g. floors. It consists of a middle layer 10, which of two outer layers 11 and 12 is separated by plywood panels 13 and 14. The layer 10 is formed by slats, which perpendicular to the slats forming the outer layers 11 and 12 lie. In other words, the fibers of the wood of the outer layers 11 and 12 are with the fibers of the wood of the layer 10 crossed. The fibers of the wood forming the panels 13 and 14 are identical to the fibers of the wood forming the outer layers 11 and 12 Crossed wood. The assembly is firmly joined together by hot gluing on the hydraulic press.

At TafG ^ n with dimensions common in plan consist of the slats forming the layers 11, 12 in general

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a single piece from one end of the board to the other * In other cases one is led to the use of slats, which with their ends by joining and gluing juxtaposed as indicated at 15. The gluing takes place then simultaneously with the union of the arrangement under the press. Ss can even be used slats, the ends of which are placed against one another with straight, unglued joints, as indicated at 16 «

The manufacture of such panels is an extrapolation of the manufacture of the slat material. every layer is put together on a lathing machine, put on the hot glue press, provided with an order and with a plywood panel and, if necessary, covered with the next layer. It must of course be avoided that a glued Butt joint comes in the middle of the thickness of the element, as one is then under the most unfavorable conditions in terms of the The duration of the heating required for the glue to harden is · For the same reason, it is often medium Layer used, which is thicker than the outer layers. The middle layer often has a thickness which is between one and a half times and twice the thickness of each outer layer and have different thicknesses, especially for the sake of appearance. Either side or both can of course in turn, for example, be coated with a spread or with an application of paint.

As an example it should be stated that the scheme

panels of 45 mm thickness corresponding to FIG. 1 are produced, which consisted of three layers of spruce, which were separated by veneer panels made of Gabon mahogany. The slats layers 11 and 12 had a thickness of 12.2 mm and that of the middle layer a thickness of 17 * 5 mm. All lattem were 25 mm wide.

The element shown in Fig. 2 is depending on its dimensions can be used to form panels, beams and posts supported on two sides

In contrast to the element of FIG. 1, at the element of FIG. 2, the slats of the middle layer 10 in the same direction as the slats of the outer layers 11 and 12. To de »

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but a weakening of the arrangement zu'vermeiden are the comparable U various layers "offset," that is, "the joints 17 between the slats of the outer layers in other layers such as the joints 18 between slats of the middle layer 10 (for example at the same distance from these joints).

The element of Fig. 2 was used in particular for the formation of floor panels which are attached to the two vertical sides are supported in the direction of the grain of the Holzea # Boards with a thickness of 45 mm thus correspond to all of the formation Conditions imposed by the floors of railroad cars, which were previously used for planks made of solid oak ledβ

You can also form balconies with the arrangement of Fig. 2, which should work on edge with simple support, as indicated schematically in Fig. 3, where the arrow F the Indicates strain. In this case it is often expedient for the element to have three layers, the middle layer to give a considerably greater thickness than the outer layers. For example, for beams to support the tanks of methane transport ships the following dimensions can be selected:

- middle layer of battens 45 mm thick and 25 mm wide,

- Outer layers: battens 12.2 mm thick and

25 mm width,

- Gabon mahogany veneer panels of 2.6 mm

Thickness·

The structure shown in Fig. 2 can also be used to form wooden trusses. It is then expedient to put the elements together in groups of four, as shown in the diagram indicated in thin lines in FIG.

The innovation naturally enables numerous design modifications and numerous applications. Of these you can in particular, without restrictive intent, the manufacture of Floors for shipping containers, trucks and barges, scaffolding, insulating brackets, etc. are listed, which also fall within the scope of the innovation.

The component can in particular contain more than three batten layers. It can also only have two layers of batten have, which have the same fiber directions and by a

7532453 02/19/76

WHERE

Veneer panels are separated, the fibers of which cross with those of the slats. In this case, of course, butt joints between the slats of one layer were left in planes which are offset from the planes of the joints between the slats of the other layer. Such a © training is particularly advantageous for components with a thickness of 20 to 32 mm.

Claims (1)

τι.7. ^; ,,. ^: 0470 75 B ' Protection claims ^ y 1. Component, characterized in that it is formed by several layers of parallel slats made of solid wood is formed, wherein the two outer layers consist of battens with fiber directions in the same direction, each layer of the adjacent layer is separated by a plywood board (13, 14), the fibers of which are perpendicular to the fibers of the wood Slats of the outsiders (11, 12) lie, with all layers and panels are firmly glued together. 2. Element according to claim 1 with at least three layers, characterized in that each layer consists of slats consists, the joints (17) are in planes, which of the Levels of the joints (18) between the battens of the layer or the neighboring layers are different 5. Element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the layers have the same thickness. 4. Element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer layers (11, 12) have a smaller thickness as the middle layer or layers (10). 5. Element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the slats made of spruce or fir and the veneer panels from GabonHMahogany, another tropical one Wood with similar properties or from a developable native wood. 6 · Element according to one of claims 1 to 5 »there- f characterized in that the slats from one in each layer single ones extending over the entire length of the layer Pieces are made and their ends are placed together so that the joints between successive sections lie in mutually offset levels, or that the slats consist of sections which are joined together with notches and are glued 7β element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized characterized that the layers have a thickness between 10 and 45 mm » 8. Element according to claim 1 _9, characterized in that it does not consist of only two Lattensc, which by one 7532453 1S.02.76 >}) 1 mil »1 • (Il 75 B Veneer panels are separated, the fibers of which are perpendicular to the Fibers of the wood of the battens of the two layers lie " 7532453 19.02.7S