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DE756487C - Process for the oxidation of lower hydrocarbons of the paraffin series - Google Patents

Process for the oxidation of lower hydrocarbons of the paraffin series

Info

Publication number
DE756487C
DE756487C DEG99566D DEG0099566D DE756487C DE 756487 C DE756487 C DE 756487C DE G99566 D DEG99566 D DE G99566D DE G0099566 D DEG0099566 D DE G0099566D DE 756487 C DE756487 C DE 756487C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
sec
methane
oxidation
formaldehyde
flow rate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEG99566D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Paul Nashan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gutehoffnungshutte Oberhausen AG
Original Assignee
Gutehoffnungshutte Oberhausen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gutehoffnungshutte Oberhausen AG filed Critical Gutehoffnungshutte Oberhausen AG
Priority to DEG99566D priority Critical patent/DE756487C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE756487C publication Critical patent/DE756487C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/27Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
    • C07C45/32Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen
    • C07C45/33Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Oxydation von niederen Kohlenwasserstoffen der Paraffinreihe Es ist bekannt, die teilweise Oxydation von Kohlenwasserstoffen der Paraffinreihe (C n H2 n -I- a), insbesondere von Methan, in Gegenwart fester oder gasförmiger bz.w. fester undgasförmigerKata,lysatoren durchzuführen, undallgemeindieMeinungvertreten, daß insbesondere bei Gasgemischen aus Kohlenwasserstoffen und Luft oder Sauerstoff sowie geringen Mengen von Stickoxyden eine möglichst große Geschwindigkeit der Gemische im Reaktionsraum und an den Katalysatoren eingehalten werden muß, um die entstehenden Erzeugnisse der Teiloxydation, wie Fb,rmaldehyd, weitgehend zu schonen. In der Praxis wurden zur Erzielung der für wichtig gehaltenen hohen Geschwindigkeiten größere Gebläse b@zw. Kompressoren verwendet. Zwar wurden bei solchen Geschwindigkeiten des Reaktionsgemisches teilweise erhebliche Ausbeuten erzielt, doch traten indessen auch bei der technischen Durchführung Schwierigkeiten durch die notwendigen hohen Temperaturen und anderen Energieverbrauch auf.Process for the oxidation of lower hydrocarbons of the paraffin series It is known the partial oxidation of hydrocarbons of the paraffin series (C n H2 n -I- a), especially of methane, in the presence of solid or gaseous respectively. solid and gaseous catalysts to carry out analyzers, and generally represent the opinion, that especially with gas mixtures of hydrocarbons and air or oxygen as well as small amounts of nitrogen oxides, the highest possible speed of the mixtures must be observed in the reaction chamber and on the catalysts to avoid the resulting To protect products of partial oxidation, such as Fb, rmaldehyde, to a large extent. In practice were used to achieve the high speeds considered important Blower b @ zw. Compressors used. True, were at such speeds the reaction mixture partially achieved considerable yields, but occurred in the meantime also with the technical implementation difficulties due to the necessary high Temperatures and other energy consumption.

Es wurde nun überraschenderweise gefunden, daß die Oxydation bei niederen Geschwindigkeiten bzw. längeren Kontaktzeiten und niederer Temperatur wesentlich vollständiger im gewünschten Sinn verläuft und noch den Vorzug bedeutend geringeren Energieverbrauchs aufweist.It has now been found, surprisingly, that the oxidation at low Speeds or longer contact times and low temperature runs much more completely in the desired sense and still has the advantage has lower energy consumption.

Wird die teilweise Oxydation von Methan in einem Kreislaufverfahren durchgeführt, bei welchem ein Natriumsilicat als fester Katalysator und Stickoxyde als gasförmige Katalysatoren benutzt werden, so wird bei gleichem t'mlaufverhältnis die gleiche Ausbeute an Formaldehyd in einer bestimmten größeren Zeitspanne, in der gleichen Apparatur, z. B. je Stunde erzielt: bei einer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit im Reaktionsraum von 420 cm,/see und etwa 6oo ° C, 300 cm/sec - - 55o 'C, Zoo cm/sec - - 48o 'C, - - - - - - x6o cm/sec - - 43o ° C, 120 Cm/sec - - 380 'C, - - - - - - 8o cm/sec - - 28o 'C. Gleichzeitig stieg aber auch die Ausbeute an Formaldehyd jeNml eingesetztes Methan. So wurden bei einer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit von etwa 42o cm/sec etwa 185 g C H O H @ Nm3 C H4, - - - - - 300 cm/see - ?zog CHOH/Nm3 CH4, - - - - - Zoo cm 'sec - 25o g CHOH: Nm3 C H4, - - - - - 16o CM/See - 36o g CHOH/Nm3 C H4, - - - - - =2o cm/sec - 520 g CHOH/Nm3 C H4, - - - - - 8o cm/sec - 6309 CHOH/Nm3 CN4 erhalten. Versuche mit Äthan zeigten ein ähnliches Ergebnis. Auch mit Gemischen von Methan und seinen Homologen mit anderen Gasen, wie sie z. B. in den Abgasen der Stickstoffwerke, Benzinwerke, Krackanlagen u. a. vorliegen, wurden analoge Erfahrungen gemacht.If the partial oxidation of methane is carried out in a cycle process in which a sodium silicate is used as the solid catalyst and nitrogen oxides as the gaseous catalyst, the same yield of formaldehyde is obtained in the same apparatus, e.g. . B. achieved per hour: at a flow rate in the reaction chamber of 420 cm / sec and about 600 ° C, 300 cm / sec - - 55o 'C, Zoo cm / sec - - 48o 'C, - - - - - - x6o cm / sec - - 43o ° C, 120 cm / sec - - 380 'C, - - - - - - 8o cm / sec - - 28o 'C. At the same time, however, the yield of formaldehyde perNml methane used also increased. So were at a flow rate of about 42o cm / sec about 185 g CHOH @ Nm3 C H4, - - - - - 300 cm / see -? Pulled CHOH / Nm3 CH4, - - - - - Zoo cm 'sec - 25o g CHOH: Nm3 C H4, - - - - - 16o CM / See - 36o g CHOH / Nm3 C H4, - - - - - = 2o cm / sec - 520 g CHOH / Nm3 C H4, - - - - - 8o cm / sec - 6309 CHOH / Nm3 CN4 obtain. Tests with ethane showed a similar result. Even with mixtures of methane and its homologues with other gases, such as those used in e.g. B. in the exhaust gases from nitrogen plants, gasoline plants, cracking plants, etc., analogous experiences have been made.

Aus dieser neuen Erkenntnis ergibt sich insbesondere für die technische Durchführung der Formaldehydherstellung aus Methan die praktische Folgerung, daß die Reaktion bei wesentlich geringerem Wärme- und Energieverbrauch und mit einfacheren Mitteln und Anlagen durchgeführt werden kann.This new knowledge results in particular for the technical Implementation of formaldehyde production from methane the practical conclusion that the reaction with significantly lower heat and energy consumption and with simpler ones Funds and facilities can be carried out.

Für die geschilderten Ergebnisse diente eine Apparatur aus einem Porzellanrohr von iooo mm Länge mit einer lichten Weite von 30 mm. Dieses mit dem aus mit Natriumsilicat behandelten Tonscherben bestehenden Kontakt ausgefüllte Rohr wurde in einem elektrischen Röhrenmuffelofen beheizt. Das Durchschicken des Reaktionsgasgemisches geschah im Kreislauf mittels eines Gebläses, das eine wechselnde Strömungsgeschwindigkeit ermöglichte. In den Kreislauf wurden stündlich Methan und Luft im Verhältnis i : 5 in der Menge zugeführt, daß das Kreislaufverhältnis = Methan -i- Luftmenge : Umlaufmenge 11,5 betrug, z. B. 2i,8 1/h Methan -f- io8,71/h Luft: 15oo 1/h Umlauf. Gleichzeitig wurden o,2 1/h N O in den Kreislauf gegeben. Das hinter dem Reaktionsrohr gekühlte Reaktionsgas wurde durch mit Raschigringen angefüllte Waschtürme geleitet, wo das entstandene Formaldehyd mit Wasser seine Auswaschung erfuhr.An apparatus made of a porcelain tube was used for the results described 100 mm long with a clear width of 30 mm. This with the one made with sodium silicate Treated potsherds existing contact filled tube was placed in an electrical Heated tubular muffle furnace. The reaction gas mixture was sent through in Circulation by means of a fan, which enabled a changing flow rate. Every hour methane and air were added to the circuit in a ratio of 1: 5 in quantity supplied that the cycle ratio = methane -i amount of air: amount of circulation 11.5 fraud, e.g. B. 2i.8 l / h methane -f- io8.71 / h air: 150 l / h circulation. Simultaneously were 0.2 1 / h N O added to the circuit. The reaction gas cooled behind the reaction tube was directed through washing towers filled with Raschig rings, where the resulting Formaldehyde was washed out with water.

Claims (2)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: z. Verfahren zur Oxydation von niederen Kohlenwasserstoffen der Paraffinreihe, insbesondere von Methan zu Formaldehyd mittels Sauerstoff oder Luft in Gegenwart von Stickoxyden und Natriumsilicaten als Katalysatoren in der Wärme, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umsetzung bei einer Temperatur von etwa 28o bis 48o° durchgeführt wird und hierbei die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Gemisches, bezogen auf den freien Querschnitt des Reaktionsraumes, unter Zoo cm/sec, vorzugsweise unter ioo cm/sec eingestellt wird. PATENT CLAIMS: e.g. Process for the oxidation of lower hydrocarbons the paraffin series, especially from methane to formaldehyde by means of oxygen or Air in the presence of nitrogen oxides and sodium silicates as catalysts in the Heat, characterized in that the reaction takes place at a temperature of about 28o up to 48o ° and the flow rate of the mixture, based on the free cross section of the reaction space, below zoo cm / sec, preferably is set below 100 cm / sec. 2. Ausführungsform des Verfahrens nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Herstellung von Formaldehyd aus Methan und Sauerstoff bzw. diese Reaktionsteilnehmer enthaltenden Gasgemische bei etwa 28o° gearbeitet und die StrÖ-mungsgeschwindigkeit des Gemisches, bezogen auf den freien Querschnitt des Reaktionsraumes, auf etwa 7o bis 8o cm/sec eingestellt wird. Zur Abgrenzung des Erfindungsgegenstands vom Stand der Technik sind im Erteilungsverfahren folgende Druckschriften in Betracht gezogen worden: Deutsche Patentschriften Nr. 286 731, 664 879; britische Patentschrift Nr. 337 407.2. Embodiment of the method according to claim i, characterized in that in the production of formaldehyde from methane and oxygen or gas mixtures containing these reactants worked at about 280 ° and the flow rate of the mixture, based on the free cross section of the reaction space, to about 7o to 8o cm / sec is set. To distinguish the subject matter of the invention from the state of the art, the following publications were taken into account in the granting procedure: German patent specifications No. 286 731, 664 879; British Patent No. 337 407.
DEG99566D 1939-02-22 1939-02-22 Process for the oxidation of lower hydrocarbons of the paraffin series Expired DE756487C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEG99566D DE756487C (en) 1939-02-22 1939-02-22 Process for the oxidation of lower hydrocarbons of the paraffin series

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEG99566D DE756487C (en) 1939-02-22 1939-02-22 Process for the oxidation of lower hydrocarbons of the paraffin series

Publications (1)

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DE756487C true DE756487C (en) 1953-03-16

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1181192B (en) * 1960-01-12 1964-11-12 Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag Process for the production of formaldehyde by the oxidation of methane with oxygen or air

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE286731C (en) *
GB337407A (en) * 1929-06-24 1930-10-24 Hans Harter Improvements relating to the oxidation of hydrocarbons in the gaseous phase
DE664879C (en) * 1930-04-01 1938-09-16 Gutehoffnungshuette Oberhausen Process for the production of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde from olefins with 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the molecule

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE286731C (en) *
GB337407A (en) * 1929-06-24 1930-10-24 Hans Harter Improvements relating to the oxidation of hydrocarbons in the gaseous phase
DE664879C (en) * 1930-04-01 1938-09-16 Gutehoffnungshuette Oberhausen Process for the production of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde from olefins with 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the molecule

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1181192B (en) * 1960-01-12 1964-11-12 Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag Process for the production of formaldehyde by the oxidation of methane with oxygen or air

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