DE69521497T2 - MICROWAVE ANTENNA - Google Patents
MICROWAVE ANTENNAInfo
- Publication number
- DE69521497T2 DE69521497T2 DE69521497T DE69521497T DE69521497T2 DE 69521497 T2 DE69521497 T2 DE 69521497T2 DE 69521497 T DE69521497 T DE 69521497T DE 69521497 T DE69521497 T DE 69521497T DE 69521497 T2 DE69521497 T2 DE 69521497T2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- waveguide
- planar elements
- elements
- cavities
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000007666 vacuum forming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Diese Erfindung bezieht sich auf Antennen, insbesondere (jedoch nicht ausschließlich) auf Planarantennen zum Empfang von Mikrowellensignalen, wie direkte Bild- und Tonübertragung durch Satelliten-(DBS-)Signale.This invention relates to antennas, particularly (but not exclusively) to planar antennas for receiving microwave signals, such as direct video and audio transmission by satellite (DBS) signals.
Es sind Planarantennen bekannt, die eine Anordnung von Hörnern, die mit einem oder mehreren Wellenleitersystemen kommunizieren, umfassen, und bei denen die Hörner und Wellenleiter aus einem Sandwich übereinandergelegter, planarer Elemente geformt sind. Die planaren Elemente können Kunststofformteile mit elektrisch leitenden, durch Metallisieren geformten Oberflächen sein. Vergleichen sie zum Beispiel meine veröffentlichten internationalen Patentanmeldungen WO89/09501 und WO91/20109.Planar antennas are known which comprise an array of horns communicating with one or more waveguide systems, and in which the horns and waveguides are formed from a sandwich of superimposed planar elements. The planar elements may be plastic moldings with electrically conductive surfaces formed by metallization. See, for example, my published international patent applications WO89/09501 and WO91/20109.
Während sich Antennen des oben beschriebenen Typs als erfolgreich herausgestellt haben, sind weitere Verbesserungen im Hinblick auf das Vereinfachen der Massenherstellung und der Verringerung der Herstellungskosten nötig.While antennas of the type described above have proven successful, further improvements are needed to simplify mass production and reduce manufacturing costs.
Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Antenne bereitgestellt, das folgendes umfaßt: Bereitstellen einer Vielzahl von im allgemeinen planaren Elementen, wobei jedes der planaren Elemente eine allgemeine, vorgegebene Dicke aufweist, die transversal zu seiner Symmetrieebene liegt; Vakuumformen des planaren Elements, um die einzelnen Teile, die die Antenne ausmachen, dreidimensional zu formen, wobei diese Teile Wellenleiterhohlräume und Wellenleiterkanäle umfassen; Positionieren der geformten planaren Elemente in einem Stirnflächenverhältnis, um eine Reihe von Hohlräumen und ein Wellenleitsrsystem zu formen, wobei jeder Hohlraum mit mindestens einem Wellenleiterkanal in Verbindung ist; und Befestigen der planaren Elemente aneinander.According to the present invention there is provided a method of manufacturing an antenna comprising: providing a plurality of generally planar elements, each of the planar elements having a generally predetermined thickness transverse to its plane of symmetry; vacuum forming the planar element to three-dimensionally shape the individual parts making up the antenna, which parts include waveguide cavities and waveguide channels; positioning the formed planar elements in face-to-face relationship to define a series of cavities and a forming a waveguide system, each cavity communicating with at least one waveguide channel; and securing the planar elements together.
Ferner ist gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Antenne bereitgestellt, die durch das im letzten, vorhergehenden Abschnitt beschriebene Verfahren geformt wurde und die eine Vielzahl von im allgemeinen planaren Elementen umfaßt, die vakuumgeformt wurden, um dreidimensionale Teile, die die Antenne ausmachen, zu formen, wobei diese Teile Wellenleiterhohlräume und Wellenleiterkanäle umfassen, wobei die planaren Elemente im Stirnflächenverhältnis aneinander befestigt sind, um eine Anordnung von Hohlräumen und Wellenleitersystemen zu formen, wobei jeder Hohlraum mit mindestens einem Wellenleiterkanal in Verbindung ist.Further according to the present invention there is provided an antenna formed by the method described in the last preceding section and comprising a plurality of generally planar elements which have been vacuum formed to form three-dimensional parts making up the antenna, which parts include waveguide cavities and waveguide channels, the planar elements being secured to one another in face-to-face relation to form an array of cavities and waveguide systems, each cavity communicating with at least one waveguide channel.
In einer bevorzugten Form der Erfindung sind die planaren Elemente durch Ultraschallschweißen aneinander befestigt; zu diesem Zweck können die zusammenpassenden Flächen der planaren Elemente mit Rippen oder dergleichen versehen sein, die Schmelzen, um während des Ultraschallschweißens Schweißraupen zu formen.In a preferred form of the invention, the planar elements are secured together by ultrasonic welding; for this purpose, the mating surfaces of the planar elements may be provided with ribs or the like which melt to form weld beads during ultrasonic welding.
Erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsformen werden nun beispielhaft und unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben, wobei:Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 eine isometrische Ansicht, mit einem Teilschnitt durch eine transversale Ebene, eines erfindungsgemäßen Antennenteils ist;Fig. 1 is an isometric view, with a partial section through a transverse plane, of an antenna part according to the invention;
Fig. 2 einen Teil aus Fig. 1 detaillierter und vergrößert zeigt;Fig. 2 shows a part of Fig. 1 in more detail and enlarged;
Fig. 3 ein bevorzugtes Mittel, das zum Aneinanderbefestigen von Teilen des Systems aus Fig. 1 und 2 verwendet wird, darstellt;Figure 3 illustrates a preferred means used for securing together parts of the system of Figures 1 and 2;
Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht, die die Herstellung einer veränderten Form eines Wellenleiterkanals darstellt, ist; undFig. 4 is a plan view illustrating the fabrication of a modified shape of a waveguide channel; and
Fig. 5 ein vergrößerter Zeichnungsabschnitt im Querschnitt entlang der Linie 5-5 aus Fig. 4 ist.Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional drawing section taken along line 5-5 of Fig. 4.
Besonders in bezug auf Fig. 1 und 2 weist ein im allgemeinen bei 10 ausgezeichnetes Antennenteil die Form einer 4 · 4-Anordnung von empfangenden Hörnern 12 auf. In der Praxis würde das Teil 10 mit ähnlichen Teilen zusammengebaut werden, um eine größere Anordnung als eine einzelne Antenne bereitzustellen. Das Antennenteil 10 umfaßt fünf im allgemeinen planare Elemente 14-22.Referring particularly to Figures 1 and 2, an antenna member generally indicated at 10 is in the form of a 4 x 4 array of receiving horns 12. In practice, member 10 would be assembled with similar members to provide a larger array than a single antenna. Antenna member 10 comprises five generally planar elements 14-22.
Das erste planare Element 14 ist geformt, um die Hornantennen 12 bereitzustellen, die jeweils aus einem spitz zulaufenden quadratischen Abschnitt bestehen und in einer niederen Wand 24 und kreisförmigen Öffnung 26 enden.The first planar element 14 is shaped to provide the horn antennas 12, each consisting of a tapered square section terminating in a low wall 24 and circular opening 26.
Die zweiten und dritten planaren Elemente 16, 18 definieren zusammen zylindrische Hohlräume 28 in Ausrichtung mit den kreisförmigen Öffnungen 26 und erste geschlossene, rechteckige Abschnittskanäle 30, die sich entlang der Länge des Antennenteils 10 erstrecken. Die Hohlräume 28 enden in einer planaren Teil-Endwand 32, die einen D- förmigen Schlitz 34 definiert.The second and third planar elements 16, 18 together define cylindrical cavities 28 in alignment with the circular openings 26 and first closed rectangular section channels 30 that extend along the length of the antenna portion 10. The cavities 28 terminate in a planar portion end wall 32 that defines a D-shaped slot 34.
Die vierten und fünften planaren Elemente 20, 22 definieren zusammen Bodenabschnitte 36 der Hornhohlräume und zweite geschlossene, rechteckige Abschnittspassagen 38. Jeder Bodenabschnitt 36 besitzt einen oberen Teil 39, der den D-förmigen Schlitzen 34 entspricht, und einen unteren Teil 40, der einen oben offenen Kanal formt, der mit einem der zweiten Passagen 38 in Verbindung ist.The fourth and fifth planar elements 20, 22 together define bottom sections 36 of the horn cavities and second closed, rectangular section passages 38. Each bottom section 36 has an upper part 39 corresponding to the D-shaped slots 34 and a lower part 40 forming an open-topped channel communicating with one of the second passages 38.
Die ersten Kanäle 30 sind mit den Hohlräumen 26 mittels Duchgängen 40, wie in Fig. 2 angezeigt, verbunden.The first channels 30 are connected to the cavities 26 by means of passages 40, as shown in Fig. 2.
Jedes der planaren Elemente 14-22 wird separat durch Vakuumformen eines geeigneten Kunststoffmaterials geformt. Vakuumformtechniken und -materialien sind an sich gut bekannt und werden deswegen hier nicht im Detail beschrieben. Die Wände der Hörner, Hohlräume und Kanäle bewirken die Bereitstellung einer geriffelten Formation für jedes Element, und geben dadurch einen beträchtlichen Grad an Steifheit, der sich durch das Aneinanderbefestigen der fünf Elemente erhöht.Each of the planar elements 14-22 is separately formed by vacuum forming a suitable plastic material. Vacuum forming techniques and materials are well known in the art and are therefore not described in detail here. The walls of the horns, cavities and channels function to provide a ridged formation for each element, thereby providing a significant degree of rigidity which is increased by securing the five elements together.
Nach dem Vakuumformen wird eine geeignete Seite jedes Elements in geeigneter Form metallisiert, so daß, wenn die Elemente aneinander befestigt werden, die Flächen der Hörner, Hohlräume und Kanäle, die der empfangenen Mikrowellenstrahlung anliegen, leitende, metallisierte Flächen sind. Die Kanäle 30 und 38 funktionieren daher als Wellenleiter für unterschiedlich polarisierte Mikrowellensignale, die, wie an sich bekannt, durch den Bau der Hohlräume 26 getrennt sind.After vacuum forming, an appropriate side of each element is metallized in a suitable form so that when the elements are secured together, the surfaces of the horns, cavities and channels facing the received microwave radiation are conductive, metallized surfaces. The channels 30 and 38 therefore function as waveguides for differently polarized microwave signals which, as is well known, are separated by the construction of the cavities 26.
Die fünf Elemente können in jeder beliebigen geeigneten Weise aneinander befestigt werden. Sie können zum Beispiel mittels Klebstoff aneinander befestigt werden. Ein bevorzugtes Merkmal der vorliegenden Erfindung ist jedoch das Aneinanderbefestigen der planaren Elemente mittels Ultraschallschweißen. Zu diesem Zweck sind, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, zusammenpassende Flächen, wie die untere Fläche 50 des ersten Elements 14 und die obere Fläche 52 des zweiten Elements 16, mit Rippen 54 versehen, die schmelzen, um während des Ultraschallschweißens kontinuierliche Schweißraupen zu formen.The five elements can be secured together in any suitable manner. For example, they can be secured together using adhesive. However, a preferred feature of the present invention is securing the planar elements together using ultrasonic welding. To this end, as shown in Figure 3, mating surfaces, such as the lower surface 50 of the first element 14 and the upper surface 52 of the second element 16, are provided with ribs 54 that melt to form continuous weld beads during ultrasonic welding.
In bezug auf Fig. 4 und 5 ist eine andere Bauweise eines geformten Teils 60, das teilweise die Wellenleiter definiert, dargestellt, zum Beispiel als Ersatz für Teil 22 in obiger Ausführungsform.Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, another construction of a shaped part 60 partially defining the waveguides is shown, for example as Replacement for part 22 in the above embodiment.
Fig. 4 zeigt eine 12 · 12-Anordnung, jedoch versteht es sich, daß die Vorrichtung auf jede gewünschte Anordnungsgröße angewandt werden kann.Fig. 4 shows a 12 x 12 array, but it is understood that the device can be applied to any desired array size.
Teil 60 ist wiederum vakuumgeformt, wobei eine einzige Materialmembran geformt wird, um obere Flächen 62 und untere Flächen 64, an welche Seitenbahnen 65 angrenzen, zu formen, um Wellenleiterkanäle 66 zu definieren. In dieser Ausführungsform sind die oberen Flächen 62 jedoch lediglich als Flansche in der Nähe der Wellenleiterkanäle 66 geformt, und an anderen Orten wird Material abgeschnitten, um Leerräume 68 zu formen.Part 60 is again vacuum formed, with a single membrane of material being formed to form top surfaces 62 and bottom surfaces 64, adjacent to which side panels 65 are to define waveguide channels 66. In this embodiment, however, top surfaces 62 are merely formed as flanges near waveguide channels 66, and material is trimmed away at other locations to form voids 68.
Diese Konfiguration ist besonders wirkungsvoll und führt zu einer Gewichtsreduzierung um ungefähr 30%. Zusätzlich dazu verringert das besondere Design die Größe des zu metallisierenden Bereichs.This configuration is particularly effective and results in a weight reduction of approximately 30%. In addition, the special design reduces the size of the area to be metallized.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9403752A GB9403752D0 (en) | 1994-02-26 | 1994-02-26 | Microwave antennas |
GB9409692A GB9409692D0 (en) | 1994-05-14 | 1994-05-14 | Microwave antennas |
PCT/GB1995/000398 WO1995023440A1 (en) | 1994-02-26 | 1995-02-24 | Microwave antennas |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE69521497D1 DE69521497D1 (en) | 2001-08-02 |
DE69521497T2 true DE69521497T2 (en) | 2002-05-29 |
Family
ID=26304396
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE69521497T Expired - Fee Related DE69521497T2 (en) | 1994-02-26 | 1995-02-24 | MICROWAVE ANTENNA |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0746880B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH10500261A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100342111B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1075253C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE202658T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU1715595A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2184080A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69521497T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0746880T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2160698T3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3036740T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT746880E (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995023440A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (141)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9703748D0 (en) * | 1997-02-22 | 1997-04-09 | Fortel International Limited | Microwave antennas |
GB9708758D0 (en) * | 1997-04-29 | 1997-06-25 | Era Patents Ltd | Antenna |
US6034647A (en) * | 1998-01-13 | 2000-03-07 | Raytheon Company | Boxhorn array architecture using folded junctions |
CN1592845B (en) * | 2001-11-26 | 2010-05-05 | Vega格里沙贝两合公司 | Antenna system for a level measurement apparatus |
US7109939B2 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2006-09-19 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Wideband antenna array |
WO2008069358A1 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Idoit Co., Ltd. | Horn array type antenna for dual linear polarization |
WO2008102987A1 (en) * | 2007-02-21 | 2008-08-28 | Idoit Co., Ltd. | Horn array type antenna for dual linear polarization |
KR20080105856A (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-04 | 주식회사 아이두잇 | Dual linearly polarized horn array antenna |
KR20090024039A (en) | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-06 | 주식회사 아이두잇 | Dual linearly polarized horn array antenna |
KR100905914B1 (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-07-02 | 주식회사 아이두잇 | Dual linear polarization horn array type antenna |
WO2009031794A1 (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-12 | Idoit Co., Ltd. | Horn array type antenna for dual linear polarization |
WO2009078630A1 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-25 | Idoit Co., Ltd. | Horn array type antenna with skew filter |
WO2009093779A1 (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2009-07-30 | Microface Co., Ltd | Feeding network structure for flat type antenna |
KR101536341B1 (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2015-07-15 | 주식회사 아이두잇 | Adapter for antenna |
KR101405294B1 (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2014-06-11 | 위월드 주식회사 | Ultra wideband dual linear polarization waveguide antenna for communication |
CN103022719A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-03 | 浙江大学 | Vehicle-borne STOM (satcom on the move) array antenna with gain increased by lightweight dielectric lens |
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Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2523376A1 (en) * | 1982-03-12 | 1983-09-16 | Labo Electronique Physique | RADIATION ELEMENT OR HYPERFREQUENCY SIGNAL RECEIVER WITH LEFT AND RIGHT CIRCULAR POLARIZATIONS AND FLAT ANTENNA COMPRISING A NETWORK OF SUCH JUXTAPOSED ELEMENTS |
AU8078891A (en) * | 1990-06-14 | 1992-01-07 | John Louis Frederick Charles Collins | Microwave antennas |
GB2247990A (en) * | 1990-08-09 | 1992-03-18 | British Satellite Broadcasting | Antennas and method of manufacturing thereof |
-
1995
- 1995-02-24 DE DE69521497T patent/DE69521497T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-02-24 ES ES95909057T patent/ES2160698T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-02-24 PT PT95909057T patent/PT746880E/en unknown
- 1995-02-24 CA CA002184080A patent/CA2184080A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-02-24 CN CN95191809A patent/CN1075253C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-02-24 AT AT95909057T patent/ATE202658T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-02-24 EP EP95909057A patent/EP0746880B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-02-24 DK DK95909057T patent/DK0746880T3/en active
- 1995-02-24 AU AU17155/95A patent/AU1715595A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-02-24 KR KR1019960704676A patent/KR100342111B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-02-24 WO PCT/GB1995/000398 patent/WO1995023440A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-02-24 JP JP7522212A patent/JPH10500261A/en not_active Ceased
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2001
- 2001-09-27 GR GR20010401597T patent/GR3036740T3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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WO1995023440A1 (en) | 1995-08-31 |
ATE202658T1 (en) | 2001-07-15 |
EP0746880A1 (en) | 1996-12-11 |
ES2160698T3 (en) | 2001-11-16 |
DE69521497D1 (en) | 2001-08-02 |
CN1144019A (en) | 1997-02-26 |
GR3036740T3 (en) | 2001-12-31 |
EP0746880B1 (en) | 2001-06-27 |
DK0746880T3 (en) | 2002-01-07 |
PT746880E (en) | 2001-12-28 |
CA2184080A1 (en) | 1995-08-31 |
KR970701435A (en) | 1997-03-17 |
CN1075253C (en) | 2001-11-21 |
JPH10500261A (en) | 1998-01-06 |
AU1715595A (en) | 1995-09-11 |
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