DE19547522C1 - HV line circuit breaker with gas-storage space - has gas-storage space divided by partition into heating space and cold gas space - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-voltage (HV) circuit-breaker including a gas-storage space (11,13) in to which arc-extinguishing gas heated by a switching arc (5) is free to flow in an arc-space (18), has the gas storage space divided by a partition (14) into heating space (11) and a cold gas space (13). Each of the separate part-spaces of the gas storage area (11,13) is joined by its own connecting duct (10,12) to the arc-space (18), with the ducts (10,12) radially discharging into the arc-space and axially spaced apart from one another and closed, with timed closure, by a contact (1). -

Description

The invention relates to high voltage power switch with a first, drivable contact piece, a second contact piece and with a gas storage space in which an arc space between the contact pieces by one Switching arc can flow heated extinguishing gas, whereby the gas storage space through a first partition into one Boiler room and a cold gas room is divided, such are related to each other that a pressure increase in Boiler room has an increase in pressure in the cold gas room, and wherein a first connection channel between the arc space and the boiler room and a second connecting channel between the cold gas space and the arc space are provided and the first and second connecting channels in one switching state are closed by one of the contact pieces and the switching movement when switching off one after the other be opened.

Such a high-voltage circuit breaker is an example from the French patent address 23 85 214 known. There is a drivable hollow con Taktstück a fixed, also hollow contact piece in the Switch-on state and admits in the course of the switch-off movement next an axial channel free that ver with a boiler room is bound. Then the drivable contact piece then NEN another channel free, the one with another, the boiler room coaxially surrounding gas storage space is connected. The night Part of this construction is that the Switch-off action initially released connection channel to Boiler room essentially parallel to the fixed con beat runs. If in this direction from the switch  arc-heated extinguishing gas flows out, there is a risk that the arc is carried away to the boiler room and there the walls of the boiler room or other building located there parts are damaged. The base of the arc would on the fixed contact piece (cf. Fig. 10 of FR 2 385 214) into the boiler room.

DE 38 10 091 A1 is a high-voltage power scarf ter known with a shared gas storage room, in which Extinguishing gas first in a boiler room, then in a gas tank and flows back into the arc room, as soon as the extinguishing gas pressure has decreased there.

The disadvantage of the circuit breaker described there is that after the extinguishing gas pressure in the Arc room both from the just with hot extinguishing gas filled boiler room as well as from the cold surrounding it gas space via a common connection channel for extinguishing gas in can flow into the arc chamber.

Thus there is a risk that in the connecting channel or in Arc room ver the hot extinguishing gas with cold extinguishing gas is mixed and thus creates a gas mixture that for the Reconsolidation of the isolating section of the circuit breaker is not optimally suited.

The present invention has for its object a High-voltage circuit breakers of the type mentioned at the beginning create, with the least effort for a shutdown process the largest possible quantities of the coldest possible extinguishing gas to extinguish the arc can.  

The object is achieved in that he and the second connection channel into the arc room separately from each other in the form of a first and a second ringka nals open in the radial direction that the first and the second ring channel in the axial direction of the contact pieces of are spaced from each other.

In that the first and the second connecting channel ge separates the arc room from the heating gas room and connect the cold gas room with the arc room is ver prevents this from flowing from the cold gas room to the arc room extinguishing gas through hot extinguishing gas from the boiler room is mined. Because both the first connecting channel as well as the second connecting channel in the radial direction in the arc chamber opens, the light is prevented bow clogged the mouth of a connecting channel and that the arc may be caused by a quenching gas flow in the heating gas room is extended.

Radial ring channels, which open into the arc space, bie ten compared to axially extending channels the advantage that large entry cross-sectional areas ver let real. In addition, the radial inflow direction the extinguishing gas when blowing the arc advantageous.

The invention can advantageously be designed by that the gas storage space together with the drivable Kon is moved in the switching case.

In this case, the gas storage space can be structurally simple with a mechanical compression device for extinguishing gas. The floor of the gas storage room can the piston one of the best compression cylinder and piston existing system.  

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides before that the boiler room and the cold gas room at least in one Adjacent area and that they are at least in one Part of the area only by a movable second Partition are separated from each other.

A movable second partition ensures that the hot Extinguishing gas from the boiler room not in direct contact with the cold extinguishing gas comes from the cold gas room. By moving ability of the partition is made possible by this Expansion of the gas in the boiler room is postponed and thus that cold gas in the cold gas room is compressed without using hot extinguishing gas to get in touch. This will put cold extinguishing gas under high pressure to blow the switching arc in the cold gas space provided.

The movable second partition can be in shape, for example of a flying piston that is displaceable in the cold gas space is to be realized. The movable partition can also be realized by an elastic membrane.

It can also be advantageously provided that the The boiler room and the cold gas room are arranged concentrically to each other are not.

This results in a space-saving arrangement and the Possibility of the boiler room and the cold gas room at one End separately from each other using a verb connection duct with the arc room and the heating gas space at its other end, seen in the axial direction to connect to the cold gas room. Through this configuration the invention gives the possibility of individual Gas spaces through large-diameter ring channels with each other  to connect and, if desired, large gas throughput to realize flows.

The invention can also be advantageously configured in this way be that the movable partition by an annular piston is formed.

This ring piston can be advantageous with a return spring be provided that normally after a switching hand transferred to a neutral position.

Instead of the movable partition, the cold gas space and the boiler room also through a check valve in the one of the Connection channels facing away from each other be which extinguishing gas only from the boiler room to the cold gas room can flow.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides before that the cross-sectional area of the ring channels in the one switching state closing contact piece starting from its free end continuously or in several stages takes.

This construction enables the ring channels to be released not just suddenly but in several steps or continuously possible.

In addition, the invention can be advantageous be designed that between the cold gas space and the Lichtbo at least one additional connection channel is provided is the axially in the radial direction in the arc space the other connecting channels open offset.  

This enables a time control, in particular a gradual amplification of the extinguishing gas flow during the off switching movement possible.

It can also be advantageously provided that the gas storage space by means of a check valve with a comm compression space of a mechanical extinguishing gas compression direction is connected. This flows after falling off of the extinguishing gas pressure in the gas storage space compressed extinguishing gas from the extinguishing gas compression device.

In addition, it can advantageously be provided that a mechani cal extinguishing gas compression device is provided, the un depending on the gas storage space by means of its own Ver binding channel is connected to the arc room.

This enables that during the switching process regardless of the heating effect of the arc cold kompri gated extinguishing gas from the compression device to Lichtbo reached.

In the following, the invention is illustrated by means of an embodiment shown in a drawing and then described ben.

It shows

Fig. 1 shows a circuit breaker according to the invention diagrammatically in cross-section,

Fig. 2 shows a circuit breaker according to the invention with a stepped pin-shaped contact piece in cross section.

The high-voltage circuit breaker shown in FIG. 1 has a first, drivable contact piece 2 and a second, fixed contact piece 1 , which are each designed as arcing contact pieces. In addition, the switch also has two continuous current contact pieces 3 , 4 . The switch is shown in an intermediate position during the switch-off movement, the drivable contact piece 2 has already moved away from the fixed contact piece 1 and an arc 5 has been drawn between these contact pieces. Only one half of the circuit breaker is shown in the figure.

With the drivable contact piece 2 , an insulating nozzle is connected by 6 , which has an opening 7 for the fixed contact piece 1 .

In the switched-on state, the contact piece 1 is in the contact piece 2 , which has the shape of a tulip contact, is closed and closes a first ring channel 8 and a second ring channel 9 tightly.

In the course of a switch-off movement, the fixed contact piece 1 initially releases the first ring channel 8 , which is connected to the heating chamber 11 via the first connecting channel 10 .

Later, the contact piece 1 then releases the second ring channel 9 , which is connected to the cold gas space 13 by means of the second connecting channel 12 .

The heating space 11 and the cold gas space 13 arranged concentrically to this together form a gas storage space which is divided by the annular first partition 14 .

The first communication passage 8 leads into the inflow opening 15 into the heating chamber 11, opens into the cold gas space 13 while the second connecting channel 12 in the outflow opening sixteenth

At its end opposite the inflow opening 15 and the outflow opening 16 , the heating chamber 11 and the cold gas chamber 13 are connected to one another by means of an opening 26 . The opening 26 can be closed by a check valve 17 which is held in the closed position by springs 19 and is only opened in the event that a higher pressure prevails in the heating chamber 11 than in the cold gas chamber 13 .

The circuit breaker described works as follows:
As soon as the drivable contact piece 2 has expired from the fixed contact piece 1 , an arc 5 is formed between the contact pieces and immediately thereafter the annular channel 8 is released from the drivable contact piece 1 , so that the one heated in the arc space 18 between the contact pieces 1 , 2 Extinguishing gas can flow through the first ring channel 8 and the first connecting channel 10 and the inflow opening 15 into the heating chamber 11 . There he builds up an extinguishing gas pressure, which leads to an overflow of extinguishing gas into the cold gas space 13 .

If the arc 5 extinguishes in the zero current passage of the current to be switched, the quenching gas pressure in the arc chamber 18 drops and the hot quenching gas can flow both from the heating chamber 11 via the first connecting duct 10 and from the cold gas chamber 13 through the second connecting duct 12 into the arcing chamber 18 flow in there to blow the arc 5 and to solidify the separating distance between the contact pieces 1 , 2 dielectrically.

Depending on the time of current zero crossing and the Anord voltage of the second ring channel 9 , the second ring channel 9 can still be blocked by the drivable contact piece 1 at this time, so that extinguishing gas can flow into the arc chamber 18 only through the first ring channel 8 and only later additional , cold extinguishing gas from the cold gas chamber 13 through the second connecting channel 12 and the second Ringka channel 9 flows into the arc chamber 18 . In this way it is achieved that the blowing of the arc is extended. In addition, it is achieved that especially in the critical time interval before the switching voltage rises, special cold extinguishing gas flows from the cold gas chamber 13 into the Lichtbo genraum 18 , which quickly achieves a high dielectric strength speed of the isolating section.

Fig. 2 shows a circuit breaker, which differs in some characteristics from the switch of FIG. 1. The same components are seen here with the same reference numerals.

The gas storage space is also divided here by a partition 14 into a heating space 11 and a cold gas space 13 . However, no check valve is provided for the temporary gas-tight separation of the two rooms, so that the hot extinguishing gas can constantly flow into the cold gas chamber 13 from the heating chamber 11 .

From the cold gas chamber 13 , the extinguishing gas can then through the flow opening 16 and the second connecting channel 12 into the second annular channel 9 and from there, depending on the position of the drivable contact piece 2 and the corresponding position of the fixed contact piece 20 in the Lichtbo genraum 18 flow in.

In addition, a third ring channel 27 is provided, into which the quenching gas can flow from the second connecting channel 12 and from which it can also flow into the arc chamber 18 . Since the second ring channel 9 and the third ring channel 27 are offset from one another in the axial direction of the contact pieces 2 , 20 , the third ring channel 21 and then the second ring channel 9 are released when the contact piece 2 is switched off. This gradually increases the blowing of the arc in the course of the switching movement. The arc is particularly strongly blown in a late phase, when a certain distance between the contact pieces 2 , 20 is reached and the arc is easier to extinguish than when the contact pieces are closer together.

The fixed contact piece 20 has a smaller cross-sectional area in its end region 21 than in the rest of the region. As a result, the ring channels 9 , 21 , which are completely closed by the contact piece 20 at the start of the opening movement, are initially partially released. An annular gap is first created between the end region 21 of the contact piece 20 and the insulating nozzle body 6 . Only later, when the drivable contact piece 2 has covered a sufficiently long path, are the ring channels 9 , 27 fully released continuously and the gas flow for blowing the arc 18 can be fully formed. This measure allows the throughput of the extinguishing gas flow to be precisely controlled as a function of the switching movement. This is particularly important since this switch construction does not require separate control valves to control the extinguishing gas flow. The drivable contact piece 20 takes over this valve function in cooperation with the insulating nozzle body 6 and the ring channels 8 , 9 , 27th

Irrespective of the blowing mechanism described so far, acts in the switch shown, as already indicated in Fig. 1, also a mechanical compression device 22 , 23 , which consists of a drivable, connected to the drivable contact piece 2 compression piston 22 and from the fixed compression cylinder 23 , which together enclose the compression volume 24 , in which extinguishing gas is compressed during the switch-off process.

The compressed extinguishing gas can get through the check valve 25 into the cold gas chamber 13 during the switch-off movement if the extinguishing gas pressure there is lower than in the compression volume 24 . It can also result that the Rückschlagven valve 25 is only opened when the quenching gas pressure in the cold gas space 13 has already been reduced in part in the course of blowing the arc 18 . The quenching gas is then already partially flowed out of the arc space through the interior of the hollow drivable contact piece 2 .

Thanks to the mechanical compression device for extinguishing gas will thus prolong the arc blowing enough.

In addition, even at low currents to be switched, at which the heating of the extinguishing gas by the arc is not strong enough, a blowing of the arc 18 can be guaranteed by the compression device.

The compression device can also, as shown in dash-dotted lines in Fig. 2, by means of its own connec tion channel independently of the gas storage space connected to the arc space.

The connection channels shown can all as Boh stanchions, but also as segments of ring channels be.

Claims (9)

1. High-voltage circuit breaker with a first, drivable contact piece ( 2 ), a second contact piece ( 1 , 20 ) and with a gas storage space ( 11 , 13 ), in an arc space ( 18 ) between the contact pieces ( 1 , 2 , 20 ) by a switching arc ( 5 ) heated extinguishing gas can flow, the gas storage space ( 11 , 13 ) being divided by a first partition ( 14 ) into a heating space ( 11 ) and a cold gas space ( 13 ), which are combined with one another in Ver are related to the fact that a pressure increase in the heating chamber ( 11 ) results in a pressure increase in the cold gas chamber ( 13 ), and wherein a first connecting channel ( 10 ) between the arc chamber ( 18 ) and the heating chamber ( 11 ) and a second connecting channel ( 12 ) between the cold gas chamber ( 13 ) and the arc chamber ( 18 ) are provided and the first and second connecting channels ( 10 , 12 ) are closed in the switched-on state by one of the contact pieces ( 1 , 20 ) and by the S Chaltbewegung be opened one after the other, characterized in that the first and the second connecting channel ( 10 , 12 ) in the arc space ( 18 ) separate from one another in the form of a first and second ring channel ( 8 , 9 ) open in the radial direction that the first and the second ring channel ( 8 , 9 ) are spaced apart from one another in the axial direction of the contact pieces ( 1 , 2 ). 2. High-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas storage space ( 11 , 13 ) is moved together with the drivable contact piece ( 2 ) in the switching case. 3. High-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heating space ( 11 ) and the cold gas space ( 13 ) adjoin each other at least in one area and that they are at least in a partial area of the area only by a movable second partition ( 17 ) are separated from each other. 4. High-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1 or one of the following, characterized in that the heating chamber ( 11 ) and the cold gas chamber ( 13 ) are arranged concentrically to one another. 5. High-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that the movable partition ( 17 ) is formed by an annular piston. 6. High-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1 or one of the following, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the ring channels ( 8 , 9 ) in a switching state closing contact piece ( 1 , 20 ) starting from its free end ( 21 ) continuously or in meh higher levels increases. 7. High-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1, or egg nem of the following, characterized in that between the cold gas space ( 13 ) and the arc space ( 18 ) we least at least one further connecting channel ( 21 ) is provided, which in the radial direction in the arc space ( 18 ) opens axially offset to the other connecting channels. 8. High-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1 or one of the following, characterized in that the gas storage space ( 11 , 13 ) by means of a check valve ( 25 ) with a compression space ( 24 ) of a mechanical extinguishing gas compression device ( 22 , 23 ) is connected. 9. High-voltage circuit breaker according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a mechanical quench gas compression device is provided, which is connected independently of the gas storage space ( 11 , 13 ) by means of its own connecting channel with the arc space ( 18 ).