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DE1567788C3 - Process for the production of chlorine from hydrogen chloride - Google Patents

Process for the production of chlorine from hydrogen chloride

Info

Publication number
DE1567788C3
DE1567788C3 DE19651567788 DE1567788A DE1567788C3 DE 1567788 C3 DE1567788 C3 DE 1567788C3 DE 19651567788 DE19651567788 DE 19651567788 DE 1567788 A DE1567788 A DE 1567788A DE 1567788 C3 DE1567788 C3 DE 1567788C3
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
catalyst
chlorine
chloride
oxygen
ruthenium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE19651567788
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE1567788A1 (en
DE1567788B2 (en
Inventor
Jan Heemskerk
Johannes Christiaan Marinus Stuiver
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Publication of DE1567788A1 publication Critical patent/DE1567788A1/en
Publication of DE1567788B2 publication Critical patent/DE1567788B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE1567788C3 publication Critical patent/DE1567788C3/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B7/00Halogens; Halogen acids
    • C01B7/09Bromine; Hydrogen bromide
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/06Halogens; Compounds thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B7/00Halogens; Halogen acids
    • C01B7/01Chlorine; Hydrogen chloride
    • C01B7/03Preparation from chlorides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B7/00Halogens; Halogen acids
    • C01B7/01Chlorine; Hydrogen chloride
    • C01B7/03Preparation from chlorides
    • C01B7/04Preparation of chlorine from hydrogen chloride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B7/00Halogens; Halogen acids
    • C01B7/13Iodine; Hydrogen iodide

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Träger wurde bei 100° C getrocknet und schließlich 3 Stunden lang im Luftstrom auf 250° C erhitzt.Support was dried at 100 ° C. and finally heated to 250 ° C. for 3 hours in a stream of air.

Die Konzentration der Lösung an Ruthenium(m)-chlorid wurde in verschiedenen Versuchen variiert, um Katalysatoren mit verschiedenem Rutheniumgehalt zu erhalten. Der Rutheniumgehalt wurde als Gewichtsprozent des Metalls, bezogen auf die Summe von Metall und Träger, berechnet.The concentration of ruthenium (m) chloride in the solution was varied in various experiments to produce catalysts with different ruthenium content to obtain. The ruthenium content was expressed as percent by weight of the metal based on the total of metal and support, calculated.

Herstellung von ChlorProduction of chlorine

Chlorwasserstoffgas und Luft wurden im stöchiometrischen Verhältnis bei Atmosphärendruck und. mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 60 l/h HCl pro kg Katalysator geleitet. Der prozentuale Anteil von Ruthenium im Katalysator und die Temperatur wurden variiert.Hydrogen chloride gas and air were in the stoichiometric ratio at atmospheric pressure and. passed at a rate of 60 l / h of HCl per kg of catalyst. The percentage of ruthenium in the catalyst and the temperature were varied.

Die folgende Tabelle gibt die Werte für die prozentuale Umwandlung und zum Vergleich die Gleichgewichtswerte. The following table gives the percent conversion values and, for comparison, the equilibrium values.

o/o Ruo / o Ru 300300 TaTa CC. 350350 5,00
8,21
12,91
5.00
8.21
12.91
44
46
44
46
56
76
79
56
76
79
Gleichgewichtbalance 8585 79,579.5 mperatur, °
325
temperature, °
325
40
66
67
40
66
67
8282

Claims (3)

1 2 Bereiches von 1 bis 5 ata liegt, kann die Reaktion Patentansprüche: prinzipiell sowohl bei höheren als auch bei niederen Drücken, z. B. zwischen 0,1 und 100 ata, ablaufen.1 2 range from 1 to 5 ata, the reaction can claims: in principle, both at higher and lower pressures, e.g. B. between 0.1 and 100 ata, expire. 1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Chlor aus Die Rutheniumverbindungen werden vorzugsweise Chlorwasserstoff und Sauerstoff in Gegenwart S auf einem gebräuchlichen Träger wie Silicagel, eines Katalysators bei erhöhter Temperatur, da- Aluminiumoxid, Bimsstein und keramisches Material durch gekennzeichnet, daß man als Ka- angewandt. Die Rutheniumkonzentration im Kontakt talysator eine oder mehrere Rutheniumverbindun- beträgt in der Regel 0,1 bis 15 Gewichtsprozent gen verwendet. Metall, bezogen auf die Summe von Metall und1. Process for the preparation of chlorine from The ruthenium compounds are preferred Hydrogen chloride and oxygen in the presence of S on a common carrier such as silica gel, a catalyst at elevated temperature, there- alumina, pumice stone and ceramic material characterized by being applied as Ka-. The ruthenium concentration in contact catalyst one or more ruthenium compounds is generally 0.1 to 15 percent by weight gen used. Metal, based on the sum of metal and 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch ge- ίο Träger. ·2. The method according to claim 1, characterized ge ίο carrier. · kennzeichnet, daß man als Katalysator Ruthe- Der Katalysator kann sowohl im Festbett als auchindicates that the catalyst used is ruthe- The catalyst can be used both in a fixed bed and nium(III)-chlorid verwendet. in der Wirbelschicht eingesetzt werden.nium (III) chloride is used. be used in the fluidized bed. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch Für die Oxydation mit gasförmigem Sauerstoff gekennzeichnet, daß 'man eine Temperatur zwi- wird gewöhnlich der Chlorwasserstoff mit Luft gesehen 325 und. 400° C einhält. 15 mischt. Außer Luft können jedoch auch weitere3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized for the oxidation with gaseous oxygen characterized that a temperature between hydrogen chloride is usually seen with air 325 and. 400 ° C. 15 mixes. In addition to air, however, others can also be used sauerstoffhaltige Gase ebenso wie reiner Sauerstoff verwendet werden. "Oxygen-containing gases as well as pure oxygen can be used. " ~ Im allgemeinen sollen Chlorwasserstoff und ~ In general, hydrogen chloride and Sauerstoff im stöchiometrischen Verhältnis zum Ein-Oxygen in the stoichiometric ratio to the input Es ist bekannt, zur Herstellung von Chlor Chlor- 20 satz kommen. Man kann aber auch vom stöchiowasserstoff im Gemisch mit Sauerstoff oder einem metrischen Verhältnis abgehen und Mischungen über sauerstoffhaltigen Gas bei erhöhter Temperatur mit den Katalysator führen, in welchen das Verhältnis einem Katalysator in Berührung zu bringen. Beim von Chlorwasserstoff zu Sauerstoff zwischen dem Deacon-Verfahren werden Kupferverbindungen als 5fachen und ein Fünftel des stöchiometrischen VerKatalysator verwendet. Es sind auch Verbindungen 25 hältnisses liegt.It is known that chlorine substitutes are used to produce chlorine. But you can also use stoichiohydrogen come off in a mixture with oxygen or a metric ratio and mixtures over lead oxygen-containing gas at elevated temperature with the catalyst, in which the ratio to bring into contact with a catalyst. When from hydrogen chloride to oxygen between the Deacon processes use copper compounds as 5 times and a fifth of the stoichiometric VerCatalyst used. There are also connections 25 proportionally. anderer Metalle als Katalysatoren für diese Oxyda- Der Katalysator wird in üblicher Weise auf demother metals as catalysts for this Oxyda- The catalyst is in the usual way on the tion verwendet worden. Im allgemeinen liegt aber bei Träger aufgebracht. Ein sehr geeignetes Verfahren diesen bekannten Verfahren die prozentuale Um- besteht darin, den Träger mit so viel Lösung einer Wandlung wesentlich unterhalb ' jener, die dem Rutheniumverbindung in Wasser zu vermischen, wie Gleichgewicht entsprechen würde. Erst vor kurzem 3° gerade vom Trägermaterial absorbiert werden kann, wurden hierin mit Kombinationen von Verbindungen Auf diese Weise wird der Katalysator gleichmäßig von Kupfer, Seltenen Erden und Alkalimetallen Ver- auf dem Träger verteilt, und es braucht keine Verbesserungen erzielt. Für das Gleichgewichtsverfahren bleibende Lösung abgetrennt zu werden. Die Konder österreichischen Patentschrift 228 744 wird ein zentration der Lösung wird so gewählt, daß man das Kontakt verwendet, der Kupferchlorid(e), Seltene 35 gewünschte Verhältnis von Ruthenium zu Träger Erdmetallchlorid(e) und Alkalimetallchlorid(e) im erhält. Diese Herstellung ist sehr einfach und unter-Atomverhältnis SE/Cu ^ 0,1 und Alkalimetall/Cu scheidet sich dadurch vorteilhaft von der Herstellung = 0,6 bis 3 sowie gegebenenfalls noch Silber-, Blei- . bekannter Kontakte.tion has been used. In general, however, is applied to the carrier. A very suitable procedure These known methods the percentage order is to provide the carrier with as much solution one Conversion substantially below 'those who like the ruthenium compound to mix in water Equilibrium would correspond. Only recently 3 ° can be absorbed straight from the carrier material, have been used herein with combinations of compounds In this way the catalyst becomes uniform of copper, rare earths and alkali metals are distributed on the support, and it needs no improvement achieved. For the equilibrium process remaining solution to be separated. The Konder Austrian patent specification 228 744 is a concentration of the solution is chosen so that one Contact uses the copper chloride (s), rare 35 desired ratio of ruthenium to carrier Earth metal chloride (s) and alkali metal chloride (s) im obtained. This manufacture is very simple and sub-atomic ratio SE / Cu ^ 0.1 and alkali metal / Cu are therefore advantageously separated from production = 0.6 to 3 and possibly also silver, lead. known contacts. oder Zinnchlorid auf porösem Trägermatrial enthält. Das als Ausgangsmaterial verwendete Gasgemischor tin chloride on a porous carrier material. The gas mixture used as the starting material Mit einem angegebenen Durchsatz von 79 °/o wird 40 kann auch ein oder mehrere Kohlenwasserstoffe enteine gute Annäherung an das bei 79,5% liegende halten. Bei dieser an sich bekannten Oxychlorierung Gleichgewicht erreicht. Jedoch muß relativ viel Ka- treten die Kohlenwasserstoffe in Reaktion mit dem talysator eingesetzt werden, und der Durchsatz be- gebildeten Chlor. Auf diese Weise kann Chlor an trägt nur 40 l/kg · h. . \ ungesättigte aliphatische kohlenwasserstoffe ange-With a stated throughput of 79%, one or more hydrocarbons can also be separated good approximation of the 79.5% hold. In this known oxychlorination Equilibrium reached. However, the hydrocarbons must react with the hydrocarbons catalyst are used, and the throughput of chlorine formed. That way, chlorine can get in carries only 40 l / kg · h. . \ unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons Es hat sich nun gezeigt, daß Rutheniumverbindun- 45 lagert werden, oder. Wasserstoff atome von gesättigten gen überraschenderweise wesentlich wirksamere Ka- aliphatischen,' cycloaliphatischen oder aromatischen talysatoren für die Oxydation von Chlorwasserstoff Kohlenwasserstoffen werden durch Chor ersetzt. In in der Gasphase sind und mit diesen Katalysatoren der Regel werden hierbei hohe Umwandlungen.von das Gleichgewicht bei verhältnismäßig niederen Chlorwasserstoff bei merklich niederen Temperaturen Temperaturen mit wesentlich höherem Durchsatz 50 als bei Abwesenheit von Kohlenwasserstoffen erzielt, erreicht wird. . Geeignete Temperaturen liegen häufig zwischen 100 ·It has now been shown that ruthenium compounds 45 are stored, or. Hydrogen atoms of saturated surprisingly much more effective potassium aliphatic, 'cycloaliphatic or aromatic catalysts for the oxidation of hydrogen chloride hydrocarbons are replaced by chlorine. In are in the gas phase and with these catalysts usually high conversions the equilibrium with relatively low hydrogen chloride at noticeably low temperatures Temperatures achieved with a significantly higher throughput 50 than in the absence of hydrocarbons, is achieved. . Suitable temperatures are often between 100 Die Erfindung betrifft daher die Herstellung von und 300° C. Chlor aus Chlorwasserstoffen und Sauerstoff in BeispielThe invention therefore relates to the production of and 300 ° C. Chlorine from hydrogen chloride and oxygen in example Gegenwart eines Katalysators bei erhöhter Tempera- Bereitung des Katalysators ' ·-Presence of a catalyst at elevated temperature- Preparation of the catalyst '· - tür und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als 55door and is characterized by the fact that as 55 Katalysator eine oder mehrere Rutheniumverbindun- Als Träger wurde Kieselerde - mit den folgendenCatalyst one or more ruthenium compounds - As a support was silica - with the following gen verwendet. Eigenschaften verwendet:gen used. Features used: Eine sehr brauchbare Rutheniumverbindung istA very useful ruthenium compound is Ruthenium(III)-chlorid. Zur Oxydation von Chlor- Oberfläche 292 m2/gRuthenium (III) chloride. For the oxidation of chlorine surface 292 m 2 / g wasserstoff werden Temperaturen zwischen 250 und 60 Porenvolumen 0,67 cm3/ghydrogen, temperatures between 250 and 60 pore volumes are 0.67 cm 3 / g 500° C angewandt. Temperaturen zwischen 325 und Durchschnittlicher500 ° C applied. Temperatures between 325 and average 400° C werden bevorzugt, aber das Verfahren kann Porendurchmesser 91,4 A400 ° C is preferred, but the process can produce pore diameters of 91.4 Å auch gut oberhalb von 400° C durchgeführt werden. Na-Gehalt 0,13 %>can also be carried out well above 400 ° C. Na content 0.13%> Das Verfahren kann gut bei Atmosphärendruck ~ r-hait n'i1 0/The process can be carried out well at atmospheric pressure ~ r - ha i t n'i1 0 / durchgeführt werden. Druckanstieg bedingt eine 65 .'be performed. Pressure increase causes a 65. ' Verlagerung des Gleichgewichtes in Richtung Chlor Der Träger wurde 2 Stunden lang bei 500° C ge-Shift of the equilibrium in the direction of chlorine. The carrier was treated for 2 hours at 500 ° C. und Wasser und kann daher günstig sein. Obwohl trocknet und mehrfach mit einer Lösung aus allgemein der Arbeitsdruck nicht außerhalb des Ruthenium(III)-chlorid getränkt. Der imprägnierteand water and can therefore be cheap. Though dries out and several times with a solution generally the working pressure is not soaked outside of the ruthenium (III) chloride. The impregnated
DE19651567788 1964-04-23 1965-04-21 Process for the production of chlorine from hydrogen chloride Expired DE1567788C3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6404460A NL6404460A (en) 1964-04-23 1964-04-23

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DE1567788A1 DE1567788A1 (en) 1970-05-27
DE1567788B2 DE1567788B2 (en) 1973-07-26
DE1567788C3 true DE1567788C3 (en) 1974-04-18

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BE (1) BE662847A (en)
DE (1) DE1567788C3 (en)
GB (1) GB1046313A (en)
NL (1) NL6404460A (en)

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US8889578B2 (en) 2008-03-22 2014-11-18 Bayer Materialscience Ag Processes for regenerating sulfur-poisoned, ruthenium and/or ruthenium compound-containing catalysts

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NO961970L (en) * 1995-05-18 1996-11-19 Sumitomo Chemical Co Process for the production of chlorine
CN1150127C (en) * 1996-08-08 2004-05-19 住友化学工业株式会社 Process for producing chlorine
US6852667B2 (en) 1998-02-16 2005-02-08 Sumitomo Chemical Company Limited Process for producing chlorine
MXPA04010691A (en) * 2002-05-15 2005-03-31 Basf Ag Methods for producing chlorine from hydrogen chloride.
DE10244996A1 (en) * 2002-09-26 2004-04-01 Basf Ag Catalyst for the catalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride
DE102005040286A1 (en) 2005-08-25 2007-03-01 Basf Ag Mechanically stable catalyst based on alpha-alumina
DE102005061954A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-07-05 Basf Ag Recycling of ruthenium from an used ruthenium catalyst comprises treating the catalyst containing ruthenium oxide in a hydrogen stream and treating the carrier material containing ruthenium metal with hydrochloric acid
DE102006023261A1 (en) 2006-05-18 2007-11-22 Bayer Materialscience Ag Process for the production of chlorine from hydrogen chloride and oxygen
DE102007020154A1 (en) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 Bayer Materialscience Ag Process for producing chlorine by gas phase oxidation
DE102006024542A1 (en) 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 Bayer Materialscience Ag Process for the separation of carbon monoxide from a hydrogen chloride-containing gas
DE102007020142A1 (en) * 2007-04-26 2008-10-30 Bayer Materialscience Ag Process for the recovery of ruthenium from a ruthenium-containing supported catalyst material
DE102007020146A1 (en) 2007-04-26 2008-10-30 Bayer Materialscience Ag Process for the purification and oxidation of a gas containing hydrogen chloride
DE102007020096A1 (en) 2007-04-26 2008-10-30 Bayer Materialscience Ag Process for the oxidation of carbon monoxide in a gas stream containing HCl
DE102007020444A1 (en) 2007-04-27 2008-11-06 Bayer Materialscience Ag Process for the oxidation of a hydrogen chloride-containing gas mixture
DE102007033113A1 (en) 2007-07-13 2009-01-15 Bayer Technology Services Gmbh Stable, high activity hydrogen chloride oxidation catalyst, for producing chlorine, comprises active component supported on carrier based on uranium compound
DE102007033114A1 (en) 2007-07-13 2009-01-15 Bayer Technology Services Gmbh Production of chlorine by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen, involves using a supported catalyst in which the active component is uranium or a uranium compound
CN101687178A (en) 2007-07-13 2010-03-31 拜尔技术服务有限责任公司 The thermally stable catalyst that is used for hydrogen chloride gas phase oxidation
DE102008038032A1 (en) 2008-08-16 2010-02-18 Bayer Materialscience Ag Catalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen in non-thermal plasma
DE102008038096A1 (en) 2008-08-16 2010-02-18 Bayer Materialscience Ag Catalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride with ozone
DE102008050975A1 (en) 2008-10-09 2010-04-15 Bayer Technology Services Gmbh Multi-stage process for the production of chlorine
DE102008051694A1 (en) 2008-10-15 2010-04-22 Bayer Materialscience Ag Process for the separation of carbon monoxide from a crude HCI gas
DE102008052012A1 (en) 2008-10-17 2010-04-22 Bayer Materialscience Ag Catalyst and process for producing chlorine by gas phase oxidation
DE102008063725A1 (en) 2008-12-18 2010-06-24 Bayer Materialscience Ag Preparation of chlorine from hydrogen chloride, using oxygen-containing gas, comprises exposing gas mixture comprising hydrogen chloride and oxygen to a heterogenous catalyzed thermal oxidation and subsequently to non-thermal plasma effect
JP5642707B2 (en) 2008-12-30 2014-12-17 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se Method for recovering ruthenium from spent ruthenium oxide containing catalysts
CN102271809A (en) 2008-12-30 2011-12-07 巴斯夫欧洲公司 Hydrogen Chloride Oxidation Catalyst Containing Ruthenium and Nickel
PT2401072E (en) 2009-02-26 2013-07-08 Basf Se Catalyst for hydrogen chloride oxidation comprising ruthenium and silver and/or calcium
DE102009021675A1 (en) 2009-05-16 2010-11-18 Bayer Technology Services Gmbh Process for producing chlorine by gas phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride in the presence of a ceria catalyst
DE102009033640A1 (en) 2009-07-17 2011-03-03 Bayer Technology Services Gmbh Process for the preparation of chlorine by gas phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride in the presence of sulfur oxides
DE102009034773A1 (en) 2009-07-25 2011-01-27 Bayer Materialscience Ag Process for producing chlorine by gas-phase oxidation on nanostructured ruthenium-supported catalysts
KR20120054616A (en) 2009-08-05 2012-05-30 바스프 에스이 Method for producing chlorine by gas phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride in a fluidized-bed reactor
EP2361682A1 (en) 2010-02-23 2011-08-31 Bayer MaterialScience AG Catalyst for chlorine production
SG174715A1 (en) 2010-03-30 2011-10-28 Bayer Materialscience Ag Process for preparing diaryl carbonates and polycarbonates
DE102010039735A1 (en) 2010-08-25 2012-03-01 Bayer Materialscience Aktiengesellschaft Catalyst and process for producing chlorine by gas phase oxidation
DE102010039734A1 (en) 2010-08-25 2012-03-01 Bayer Materialscience Aktiengesellschaft Catalyst and process for producing chlorine by gas phase oxidation
EP2729407A1 (en) 2011-07-05 2014-05-14 Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH Process for the production of chlorine using a cerium oxide catalyst in an adiabatic reaction cascade
CN103764548A (en) 2011-07-05 2014-04-30 拜耳知识产权有限责任公司 Process for the production of chlorine using a cerium oxide catalyst in an isothermic reactor
IN2014CN02995A (en) 2011-10-24 2015-07-03 Bayer Ip Gmbh
EP3403723A1 (en) 2017-05-19 2018-11-21 Covestro Deutschland AG Method for regenerating a poisoned catalyst containing ruthenium or ruthenium compounds
EP3421416A1 (en) 2017-06-29 2019-01-02 Covestro Deutschland AG Photocatalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride with carbon monoxide
EP3670444A1 (en) 2018-12-18 2020-06-24 Covestro Deutschland AG Photocatalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen
US11072528B2 (en) * 2019-04-22 2021-07-27 Fei Company Halogen generator
WO2021198479A1 (en) 2020-04-03 2021-10-07 Total Se Production of light olefins via oxychlorination

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8889578B2 (en) 2008-03-22 2014-11-18 Bayer Materialscience Ag Processes for regenerating sulfur-poisoned, ruthenium and/or ruthenium compound-containing catalysts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1567788A1 (en) 1970-05-27
NL6404460A (en) 1965-10-25
GB1046313A (en) 1966-10-19
DE1567788B2 (en) 1973-07-26
BE662847A (en) 1965-10-21

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