DE1257077B - Self-advancing pre-drilling machine - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

SCHES

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. Cl .:

German class:

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E2 t

E 23594 VI a / 5 b

September 27, 1962

December 28, 1967

Self-advancing pre-drilling machine

The invention relates to a self-advancing pilot drill with a drilling tool and a housing guided in the borehole, in which a drive machine for the drilling tool and a jacking device are housed.

In a machine of this type known from German patent specification 962 695, the machine housing is designed in two parts, the two parts telescoping into one another. The entire known The machine is suspended from a wire rope and is only suitable for drilling vertically downwards. The well-known The machine works step by step by periodically placing a housing part on the borehole wall via splay feet set and then the other housing part carrying the drill head by a pressure cylinder is advanced downwards. At the end of the advance stroke the splay feet are released and the associated housing part continues.

Due to the displaceability of the two housing parts of the known machine, however, compliance a required drilling direction with the necessary accuracy excluded. That in the telescopic guide any play that is necessarily present encourages the drill head to drift out of the desired direction out.

In addition, the two-part construction of the housing inevitably means that the arrangement of the front splayfeet conditionally. This increases the accuracy requirements for the centering property the splay feet many times over. This accuracy is due to the inevitable Irregularities in the borehole wall set clear limits.

The invention is based on the object of avoiding the deficiencies outlined and a self-advancing one To create a pre-drilling machine, which with its own power in any direction, z. Belly from bottom to top, and can also work the desired drilling direction with high accuracy adheres to.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the machine housing is rigid throughout is formed and has a length of at least six times the borehole diameter that a radial guide bearing for the drilling tool is arranged at the front end of the rigid housing and that for guiding the housing in the borehole one with several of the machine axis always one below the other Equally spaced guide surfaces provided guide device on the front and another guide device is used on the rear part of the housing. By this measure is Applicant:

Dipl.-Ing. Wolfgang Ebeling,

Salzgitter-Bad, Heinrich-von-Stephan-Str. 49

Named as inventor:

Dipl.-Ing. Wolfgang Ebeling, Salzgitter-Bad

an exceptionally high level of accuracy when pre-drilling can be achieved. Furthermore, the encapsulation of the moving Machine parts are greatly relieved compared to the environment interspersed with cuttings.

The machine according to the invention is particularly suitable for the production of targeted, mostly sole-connecting Boreholes with a diameter between 150 and 500 mm, which are usually then through other special machines are expanded. The machine can also be used without any subsequent expansion drilled holes for the production of cable bushings, exploratory holes or the like.

Appropriately, a cooperating with the borehole wall is on the machine housing Clamping device arranged, the clamping force of which is sufficient in every state and in every position of the machine, to keep the machine in the borehole without external force. Supporting the machine when drilling above the horizontal can thus be excluded.

According to an embodiment of the invention, one or both guide devices are simultaneously as Clamping device formed. A saving in components is achieved as a result.

Furthermore, one or both guide devices can be designed as a propulsion device at the same time be. This combination of functions also serves to save drive elements and promotes business operations.

According to a further training, a freewheel for one is in the drive of the propulsion device High speed switched on for the return journey. This allows the advantages of a Exploit fast reverse for the machine according to the invention. Switching from drilling to Fast reverse can be done by changing the direction of rotation of the drive motor.

According to another embodiment of the machine according to the invention is also between boring mill

709 710/2

tool and rotary drive switched on a freewheel for the return trip. This means that when the Drive motor for the return trip, a reverse rotation of the drilling tool and thus unnecessary wear avoided.

The drilling tool is expediently made up of several parts with different diameters constructed that can be driven in opposite directions. This allows a significant part of the drilling that occurs Reaction torque can be neutralized in the machine itself and does not need to be supported by the support to be introduced into the borehole wall.

The rigid housing is advantageously approximately in the middle, preferably between the reduction gear and the drive motor or the propulsion and guide device divisible, with partition walls seal the respective housing parts with shaft seals and the drive shaft with a pluggable Shaft coupling is coupled torsionally rigid. This measure enables the machine to be transported and assembled without any loss of rigidity relieved.

According to one embodiment of the invention, one of the two guide devices consists of a machine driven rollers arranged symmetrically to the machine's longitudinal axis. This is a continuous Feed secured with precise guidance at the same time. The propulsion and guide rollers can arranged in pairs at the ends of a shaft mounted in the gearbox housing, with the respective shaft Stub shaft be connected by a coarse thread and pressed outwards by axial springs will. This makes it possible, depending on the drilling resistance, to apply pressure forces to the To achieve roles. In addition, the reaction forces on the opposite rollers of a shaft can in turn can be stored in the machine. Appropriately sits on each shaft that a A pair of rollers carries a worm wheel in the middle, and all of these worm wheels mesh with one coaxially to the machine longitudinal axis arranged worm shaft. This makes driving the rollers very easy designed. Two shafts can be parallel to each other and symmetrical to the machine's longitudinal axis in one or more preferably perpendicular to the machine longitudinal direction and at a distance mutually arranged planes may be provided, the waves of the one plane opposite the Shafts of the next level are rotated by an angle, preferably 90 °. Through this arrangement of a relatively large number of roles becomes the specific one required of each role Reduced contact pressure and, on the other hand, better guidance in the borehole wall.

The rear guide device is expediently used for the purpose of changing the drilling direction provided with remotely controllable adjustment means that pivot the machine's longitudinal axis in the borehole enable. This means that any necessary changes in direction can also be made during the Drilling can be made.

The reduction gear is expediently constructed in such a way that the shaft of the drive motor with one part of the shaft coupling and with the other part of which a transmission shaft is connected, which an epicyclic gear drives whose drive shaft is both the central shaft for driving the inner drill bit as well as a reverse gear to drive the outer drill bit in opposite directions Drives hollow shaft. In this way, the engine speed is effectively reduced in a very small space possible. In the reverse gear, a speed reduction can also take place, which in addition serves to adjust the cutting speeds on the individual parts of the drilling tool to one another. Furthermore, the hollow shaft can drive the Sormenrad of a planetary feed gear, its drive drives the worm shaft. The internally toothed wheel of the planetary gear can be rotatably mounted and are in engagement with a gear drive of a throttled hydraulic pump. This is the drive connection of the feed interrupted, so that the feed speed according to the respective conditions can be regulated on the drilling tool.

Advantageously, the output of the feed gear is rotatably mounted on the hollow shaft and the Freewheel for quick retraction arranged between the hollow shaft and output.

According to one embodiment of the invention, on the housing of the drilling machine is opposite to the borehole wall sealing gasket arranged. Furthermore, in the through this sealing body closed front part of the borehole a compressed air supply line and an outlet line led out. As a result, the drill according to the invention can also be used for drilling slightly inclined and horizontal boreholes can be used in which the cuttings are not under the Influence of one's own gravity can be dissipated. The outlet line can be in one of individual Coupled pipe sections open into an existing discharge line. This will make repositioning facilitated by rods on site.

If the drive motor of the drill is designed as a compressed air motor, its exhaust air can

. the front sealed borehole part are supplied as purge air, the exhaust air for one Flushing process has sufficient overpressure in relation to the atmosphere.

Furthermore, a further sealing body can be used in the beginning of the borehole, which is attached to the Borehole wall is braced and openings for the passage of the outside into a pressure chamber between the two sealing bodies supplied compressed air and for the sliding passage of the Has discharge line and optionally for the sliding passage of the energy supply lines.

Appropriately, it is used for drilling with the required accuracy to be maintained later a tapping device which has a rail which is longitudinally displaceable in a bearing and which is attached to it Guide body for receiving the front guide device and one that is longitudinally displaceable on the rail Has clamp for the rear part of the drill housing. This will make the machine guided perfectly on a carriage during tapping, so that a very precise setting the drilling direction is enabled before drilling begins. Furthermore, the camp on a lockable Chassis can be pivoted. This enables the drilling machine to be transported and positioned relieved.

In the drawings are several embodiments of the invention in various applications shown as examples.

Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a first embodiment the invention;

Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention also in a schematic representation;

FIG. 3 is, on a larger scale, the same view of the drilling machine as in FIG. 1;

F i g. 4 shows an aixal longitudinal section of the drilling machine according to FIG. 3;

F i g. 5 shows, on a larger scale, a cross section along the line AB in FIG. 4;

F i g. 6 also shows a detail from FIG. 2 on a larger scale.

The drill consists of the drive machine 1, 2, the feed device 3 and the Drilling tool 4, 5. In the illustrated embodiment, the is together with the reduction gear 2, the drive motor 1, which forms the drive machine, is an electric motor which, via a line 6 is fed. The motor housing 7 forms with the intermediate piece 8 and the gear housing 9 continuously rigid housing, the front end of which is the radial guide and here at the same time axial Thrust bearing 10 for the drilling tool 4, 5 receives. Immediately behind this is a front guide device 11, 12 for the radial guidance of the machine in the borehole, which here consists of four pairs of rollers 11.12 exists. Another guide device 13 is attached to the rear end of the housing and consists of four skids 13 in the example shown.

In order to hold the drilling machine in every position in the borehole and to support it against the drilling pressure and the reaction torque of the drilling tool, a clamping device cooperating with the borehole wall is provided, which in the present case is combined with the front guide device 11, 12 by the rollers 11, 12 are provided with pointed teeth 14 to improve adhesion to the borehole wall and are constantly pressed outward by axial springs 15.

In order to generate the feed movement, the roller device is thereby also the feed device made that they have a feed gear 16, a worm shaft 17 and worm gears 18 are driven by the prime mover. The feed gear 16 consists of one Planetary gear, the sun gear 19 of which sits on the hollow shaft 20 driving the outer drill bit 4, while the web 21 is connected to the screw 17. The internal gear 22 is rotatable on the Hollow shaft 20 is supported and is driven by a throttled hydraulic pump 24 via a pinion 23 braked, resulting in an automatically controlled feed that is dependent on the drilling pressure.

The remotely switchable overdrive is provided by the freewheel 25 in the illustrated embodiment possible, which allows the hollow shaft 20 to rotate faster than the worm shaft 17 when drilling, with the reverse However, the direction of rotation of the motor couples both shafts to one another, causing the rollers 11, 12 to increase Run speed backwards.

Another freewheel 26 couples the hollow shaft 20 with the outer drill bit 4 and leaves it the crown stand still in reverse overdrive.

The inner drill bit 5 rotates in the opposite direction to the outer drill bit 4 and also at an increased speed. In this way, on the one hand, the reaction torque is partially compensated and, on the other hand, because of the changing diameter of the conical drilling tool 4, 5, the cutting speed is kept within narrower limits and adjusted. The reverse gear 27, which drives the hollow shaft 20 and thus the outer drill bit 4, is used for this purpose, while a central shaft 28 driving the inner drill bit 5 passes through the reverse gear 27, the hollow shaft 20 of the feed gear 16 and the outer drill bit 4.

ίο The shaft 59 of the drive motor 1 drives one Part of a shaft coupling 30 arranged in the region of the intermediate piece 8, the other part of which with a transmission shaft 58 is connected. The gear shaft 58 drives an epicyclic gear on the gear housing 9 fixed rolling ring 74. The output shaft 73 of the epicyclic gear 72 in turn drives both the central shaft 28 as well as the reverse gear 27.

To facilitate transport, the machine housing is between the motor housing in the exemplary embodiment 7 and gear housing 9 divisible. By loosening the flange screws 29, the two housings 7 and 9 separated from each other, with both halves of the shaft coupling 30 pulled apart will. The reduction gear 2 remains through the wall 31 which is separately fastened to the gear housing 9 sealed with shaft seal 32 even after removal of the intermediate piece 8 from the environment. The drive and guide rollers 11, 12 are in pairs on the ends of one in the gear housing 9 mounted shaft 33 and coupled with this by coarse thread 34. To this Way, the pressing force of the rollers against the borehole wall is increased with increasing drilling pressure and compensated in the shaft 33 itself.

The roller pairs are arranged in pairs with their shafts 33 in two planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the drilling machine. The two ends are spaced from each other and the shafts 33 in each plane are parallel to each other. The waves 33 of one level are rotated by 90 ° with respect to the waves of the other level. Each shaft carries a worm wheel 18 in the middle. All these worm wheels 18 mesh in the common worm shaft 17. In this way, with a favorable distribution of forces in the transmission, a larger number of symmetrically arranged drive and guide rollers 11, 12 can be accommodated in a confined space.
The drilling direction can be influenced during drilling if one or both guide devices 11, 12 and / or 13 are provided with remote-controlled adjustment means which enable the drilling machine housing 7, 8, 9 to be displaced radially in the borehole. In the illustrated embodiment, the rear guide runners 13 are articulated to be radially movable on bolts 35 and are pressed outward by pistons 36. Electrically remotely controllable valves 37 are switched on in the supply lines to each piston. The hydraulic control device is fed by a pump 38 which is driven by the drive motor 1.

A tube-like guide body 61, which is attached to a rail 62 is attached. The guide body 61 is used for recording the front guide device 11, 12 and the feed device 3 of the drill. Of the rear, initially protruding from the guide body 61 to the rear part of the drill is supported

in a clamp 63, which is longitudinally displaceable on the rail 62. The rail 62 is in turn in a bearing 64 which is longitudinally displaceable and which is pivotable about the axis 65. The axis 65 and thus the whole The tapping device rests on a chassis 66. As a result, the tapping device can also be used as a Trolleys are used for the drill. During drilling, one connected to the pipe 61 is used Chute 67 for discharging the drilling dust 68. A reel 69 is used for winding and unwinding the Energy supply line 6 for the drive motor 1.

In the second exemplary embodiment, a sealing body 40 with a sleeve 41 is arranged on the housing of the drilling machine, specifically at the rear end of the motor housing 1, which seals against the borehole wall 39. A compressed air supply line 43 leads into the thereby closed front part 42 of the borehole and an outlet line 44 leads out. From the pressure chamber 70, the compressed air flows through the sieve 51 and the compressed air supply line 43 and using the drilling machine parts suitable for this purpose, e.g. B. of drive shafts 28, 58, 59, which are hollow for this purpose (cavity 57 of the central shaft 28 and cavity 60 of a motor shaft 59), after the front end of the drill, for. B. to the tip of the outer drill bit 5. The flushing air is returned between the outer wall of the drill and the borehole wall 39 up to the sealing collar 41 and from there through the outlet line 44 and a discharge line 45 into the open. In this way, the drilling dust is blown into the discharge line and can be conveyed away pneumatically. The discharge line 45 is pulled along by the drilling machine and, according to the invention, consists of individual pipe sections which are coupled to one another and which are moved at the rear during drilling.

The purge air can be supplied from the outside in a manner not shown through a hose, the the drill pulls. According to the invention, however, it can also be fed through the borehole itself if a further sealing body 47 is inserted at the beginning of the borehole 46, which is attached to the borehole wall 39 is tightly clamped and openings for the entry of the compressed air 48 and for the passage the discharge line 45 and optionally the energy supply line 6. In the exemplary embodiment the sealing body 47 is braced against the borehole wall 39 by a hose 49, which is pressurized inside. For the sliding but sealed passage of Discharge line 45 and energy supply line 6, elastic collars 50 are provided in the sealing body 47, the outside of which by a Channel system 71 in the sealing body 47 is in communication with the pressure chamber 70.

A compressor 52 is connected to the inlet opening 48 of the sealing body 47 via a hose 53. A reel 54 also stores the energy supply line in this second exemplary embodiment 6. The blown drill dust is collected, for example, in a trolley 55 on which the discharge line 45 is supported by means of a roller 56.

If the drive motor of the drill can be a compressed air motor, its exhaust air can be used Drill dust removal can be used by placing its exhaust duct in the front, opposite the drilling

hole beginning 46 sealed borehole part 42 is performed.

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Self-advancing pre-drilling machine with one drilling tool and one guided in the borehole Housing in which a drive machine for the drilling tool and a driving device are housed, characterized in that the housing (7, 8, 9) is rigid throughout and a length of at least six times the borehole diameter that a radial guide bearing (10) for the Drilling tool (4, 5) is arranged at the front end of the rigid housing and that for guidance of the housing in the borehole one with several of the machine axis always identical to one another Guide device (3) provided on the front and with spaced guide surfaces another guide device (13) is used on the rear part of the housing. 2. Pre-drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that on the housing (7, 8, 9) a clamping device (11 and / or 12) cooperating with the borehole wall (39); 34; 15) is arranged, the clamping force of which is sufficient in every condition and in every position of the machine, to keep the machine in the borehole without external force. 3. Pre-drilling machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one or both guide devices (3, 13) are designed as clamping devices at the same time. 4. Pre-drilling machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that one or both guide devices (3, 13) simultaneously act as a propulsion device (11, 12) are trained. 5. pre-drilling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that in the drive (20, 19, 23, 24, 21, 17, 18, 34) of the propulsion device (11, 12) a freewheel (25) for an overdrive for the Return is switched on. 6. pre-drilling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the switching of drilling to fast reverse by changing the direction of rotation of the drive motor (1). 7. Pre-drilling machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that between the drilling tool (4) and rotary drive (20) a freewheel (26) is switched on for the return trip is. 8. Pre-drilling machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that that the drilling tool consists of several parts (4, 5) with different diameters, the are driven in opposite directions. 9. Pre-drilling machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that that the rigid housing (7, 8,9) approximately in the middle, preferably between the reduction gear (2) and the drive motor (1) or the propulsion and guide device (3) is divisible, with partition walls (e.g. 31) with shaft seal (32) the respective housing parts (7 and 9) seal and the drive shaft (59, 58) by means of a pluggable shaft coupling (30) is coupled torsionally rigid. 10. Pre-drilling machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that one of the two guide devices (3, 13) consists of machine-driven (17, 18, 33, 34) ~ driven rollers (11 , 12) exists
TTT pre-drilling machine according to claim 10, characterized in that the drive and guide rollers (11, 12) are arranged in pairs on the ends of a shaft (33) mounted in the gear housing (9), connected to the respective stub shaft by a steep thread (34) and are pressed outwards by axial springs (15). 12. Pre-drilling machine according to claim 11, characterized in that on each shaft (33), which carries a pair of rollers (11, 12), a worm wheel (18) sits in the middle and all of these worm wheels mesh with a worm shaft (17) arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the machine. 13. Pre-drilling machine according to one or more of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that that two shafts (33) are parallel to each other and symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the machine in one or more of the machine longitudinal direction, preferably perpendicular and im Spaced planes are provided and that the waves of the one plane are rotated by an angle, preferably 90 °, with respect to the shafts of the next level. 14. Pre-drilling machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that that the rear guide device (13) for the purpose of changing the drilling direction with remotely controllable adjusting means (36 to 38) are provided, which pivot the longitudinal axis of the machine enable in the borehole. 15. Pre-drilling machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that that the shaft (59) of the drive motor (1) with part of the shaft coupling (30) and with the other part of which is connected to a gear shaft (58) which drives an epicyclic gear (72), whose output shaft (73) both the central shaft (28) for driving the inner drill bit (5) as also a reversing gear (27) for driving in opposite directions the one driving the outer drill bit (4) Drives hollow shaft (20). 16. Pre-drilling machine according to claim 15, characterized in that in the reverse gear In addition, a speed reduction takes place. 17. Pre-drilling machine according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the hollow shaft (20) drives the sun gear (19) of a planetary feed gear (16), the output (21) of which drives the Drives worm shaft (17). 18. Pre-drilling machine according to claim 17, characterized in that the internally toothed Wheel (22) of the planetary gear (15) is rotatably mounted and with a pinion (23) a throttled Hydraulic pump (24) is engaged. 19. Pre-drilling machine according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the output (21) of the feed gear rotatably mounted on the hollow shaft (20) and the freewheel (25) for the Fast return is arranged between the hollow shaft (20) and output (21). 20. Pre-drilling machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that that on the drill housing (7, 8, 9) a against the borehole wall (39) sealing Sealing body (40) is arranged and in the closed by this sealing body front part (42) of the borehole a compressed air supply line (43) and an outlet line (44) leads out. 21. Pre-drilling machine according to claim 20, characterized in that the outlet line (44) into a discharge line (45) consisting of individual pipe sections that are coupled to one another flows out. 22. Pre-drilling machine according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the drive motor (1) the drill is designed as a compressed air motor, the exhaust air of which the front sealed borehole part (42) is supplied as scavenging air. 23. Pre-drilling machine according to one or more of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that that in the beginning of the borehole (46) a further sealing body (47) is inserted, the is braced on the borehole wall (39) and openings (48, 50) for the passage of the outside into a pressure chamber (70) between the two sealing bodies (40 and 47) Compressed air as well as for the sliding passage of the discharge line (45) and possibly for the having sliding passage of the energy supply line (6). 24. Pre-drilling machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that that a tapping device for tapping with the required accuracy to be maintained later serves, the one in a bearing (64) longitudinally displaceable rail (62) with a therein attached guide body (61) for receiving the front guide device (3) and a Clamp (63) that can be moved lengthways on the rail for the rear part of the drill housing (7, 8, 9). 25. Pre-drilling machine according to claim 24, characterized in that the bearing (64) on a lockable chassis (66) is pivotably (65) mounted. Considered publications:
German Patent No. 962 695;
U.S. Patent No. 3,005,627. 1 sheet of drawings 709 710/2 12. 67 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin