DE102009041101A1 - Guard for a component for closing an opening - Google Patents

Abstract

Locking device for a component for closing an opening having a fixed part and a moving part, with a bolt (1) which is movably guided in the longitudinal direction of the bolt between a locking and an unlocked end position, a movement-executing drive (4) for moving the bolt (1) and a transmission device (5) between the drive (4) and the bolt (1), the drive (4) being an electric motor, and the drive (4), the transmission device (5) and the bolt (1) are motion-coupled with direct transfer of kinetic energy, the bolt speed being adjustable via a controller (9), and monitoring of the movement of the drive (4) which is motion-coupled with the bolt (1) can be carried out with the controller (9), and the controller ( 9) is connected to at least one sensor (12) for determining the position of the movable part relative to the fixed part.

Description

The invention relates to a tumbler for a component for closing an opening according to the preamble of claim 1.

Tumblers are known as part of an access protection device for a lockable space area of a machine installation, from which a potential danger can emanate. The system can be, for example, machines or components such as robots for producing, treating or processing workpieces, as well as chemical plants or the like.

A tumbler is arranged between a door or flap closing the space area as a movable part and with respect to fixed walls or walls or a frame as a fixed part. The at least one optionally peripherally sealed door or flap, which can be opened or closed by pivoting or sliding, can be locked or locked by the tumbler.

At least one safety sensor is located between the door and the adjacent wall. In addition, a controller is provided, which is coupled to the mechanical system and the safety sensor to release the tumbler according to the operating state of the machine to open the door or lock. If the machine system no longer poses a risk potential for persons, d. H. in the room area through the door gripped or the room area can be committed through the door by, for example, the control is signaled a standstill of the moving parts of the machine system by standstill monitor, the controller releases the tumblers, so that in the room area Opening the doors a person can get to.

If at least parts of the mechanical system do not stand still or if other precautions are not taken before opening the doors, the tumblers are blocked so that the doors can not be opened. In addition, the controller prevents commissioning of the machine system with at least one open door.

Out DE 10 2004 030 362 A1 a device is known for the controlled locking of a safety-related device, such as a protective door or the like. The device has a movably mounted locking element which can be driven by a drive element and which, for the purpose of locking, can be brought out of a housing of the device in positive engagement with the device to be locked.

A disadvantage of the DE 10 2004 030 362 A1 known device is that in a blockage of the locking element of the drive and / or the locking element can be damaged, since the locking element and / or the drive can be bent or overheat. The guard locking is then defective and must be replaced, causing downtime and repair or maintenance.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a tumbler for a component for closing an opening according to the preamble of claim 1, with a simple design of improved and safe tumbler is possible in which damage to the tumbler can be prevented by simple means ,

This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

As a result, a tumbler for a component for closing an opening is provided according to the preamble of claim 1. The opening has a movable part such as a door, flap or lid and a stationary part such as a wall or a frame. A bolt is movably guided between a locking and an unlocked end position in the bolt longitudinal direction. There is provided a movement exporting drive for moving the bolt and a transmission device between the drive and the bolt. The drive is designed as an electric motor, wherein the drive, the transmission device and the bolt are motion-coupled with the immediate transmission of kinetic energy. Due to the mechanical movement coupling of the drive with the bolt, monitoring the movement of the drive is equivalent and equivalent to monitoring the movement of the bolt. If the drive moves, the bolt also moves and vice versa. A control is available that can regulate the speed of the bolt movement. Further, the controller is configured to monitor movement of the drive. The controller is connected to at least one sensor so that the controller can determine the relative position of the movable part to the fixed part. The movement of the drive acts directly on a movement of the bolt without the interposition of energy storage. The drive, the transfer device and the bolt are coupled with immediate transmission of kinetic energy. The transmission device is designed as a pure gear unit, which controls the rotational movement on the output shaft of the Electric motor converts into a translational movement of the bolt.

By using an electric motor as a drive, a prejudice existing in the art is overcome by previously thought that in a tumbler an electromagnet assembly would necessarily be present. Although alternative drives to the solenoid assembly have long been known in other fields, they have not been used in safety-oriented tumblers due to the prejudice of the art, since a solenoid assembly responds quickly, while being robust and relatively inexpensive to manufacture. Due to these considerations, using a component other than an electromagnet to actuate the bolt was repeatedly rejected because of a fear of interference with the electromagnetic fields occurring in an electric motor, which meant an absolute preclusion in terms of use for a safety-related component.

The inventors have found that speed is not so critical because of the rapid response of an electromagnet assembly, although it is a safety-related tumbler. Even with a lower bolt speed compared to the "instantaneous" operation via an electromagnet, a high level of safety is achieved because the inventors first noticed that even with the achievable with an electric motor speeds a meaningful reaction time of a machine operator z. B. in the course of an intended opening operation of the movable part or the door can be met. A stroke of the bolt, for example, 20 mm can be executed in one or two seconds. The corresponding speed of the bolt, for example, 20 mm / s is sufficient for both the safety requirements and the other requirements of the machine manufacturers and handling operators. With the said speed, an actuation of a bolt protruding from the housing of the tumbler can thus be achieved within a time window of approximately one second.

Prevention of jamming of the bolt and / or prevention of damage to the drive can be achieved via the controller by controlling the speed of the bolt while monitoring the movement of the drive to determine if the bolt is "jammed" or "in block " moves. By the motion coupling monitoring the movement of the drive can be synonymous with monitoring the movement of the bolt. This monitoring of the movement of the drive with the control can be achieved by determining the time required for the bolt to travel between the two end positions and a comparison with a predetermined threshold for this time. If the threshold value that can be stored in a memory of the controller is exceeded, the drive can be switched off and an error signal output by the controller. The reaching of the end positions can be done via at least one sensor which is connected to the controller. The sensor can be designed as a light barrier, RFID sensor, pulse echo sensor, mechanical contact, reed contact or Hall sensor. It can also be provided that the rotation of the drive takes place via a "rotation monitoring" of the drive. The time measurement and the "rotation monitoring" can also be provided jointly in one embodiment. For example, a "rotation monitoring" can be achieved in that the electric motor is designed as a stepper motor, which gives a feedback about the rotation to the controller. Further, the controller determines the position of the movable member relative to the fixed member to protect jamming and / or hot running of the drive by connecting the controller to at least one position determining sensor. This means that the bolt can only be extended after signaling that the moving part is in the position to be locked.

There are several advantages associated with the electromotive drive of the bolt. The drive itself is very difficult to manipulate because it has no influence from a magnetic field. In addition, a larger stroke (much more than 10 mm, that is several factors of this order of magnitude) can be achieved than when using with an electromagnet, wherein in addition a nearly constant on the stroke force on the bolt can be realized.

By using an electromotive drive configured as a "rotating motor" with a mechanical transmission, the movement of the bolt is reversible and no spring biased arrangement is used to eventually return the bolt. Furthermore, defined bolt positions, which are arranged between the maximum Bolzenhubpositionen be approached, the speed of the bolt can be influenced by the choice of gear ratio or by the adjustable transmission device and is adjustable adjustable by means of the electronic control of the electric motor. The transmission device converts the rotational movement of the electric motor into a linear movement of the bolt. The bolt can under a side load of about 100 N (for example by a tension of the door or the movable part) an unlocking / Apply locking force of approximately half the side load.

In addition, the tumbler with the electric motor drive and the mechanical transmission device in the event of a power failure, the last state before the power failure state of the tumbler at. The tumbler is designed as a bistable system.

The maximum permissible power consumption of the electric motor is preferably limited to 800 mA, in particular 600 mA, particularly preferably 500 mA. As a result, high power of movement of the bolt is achieved at low power consumption of the electric motor. Furthermore, it may be preferred if the electric motor has a power of 0.2 Nm to 0.4 Nm at the output shaft and a rotational speed between 70 U / min to 170 U / min results. A short-term larger power consumption can be switched by a suitable capacitor.

Preferably, a relative to the bolt movement stationary or stationary further sensor, which is connected to the controller, is provided, with which the reaching of the end positions of the bolt can be determined. The controller can thus determine whether and when the end position of the bolt has been reached, regardless of whether the drive was actuated. About the other sensor is a way to safely query the achievement of the end positions given.

By a preferred arrangement of the electric motor transversely to the movement of the bolt, a compact design of the tumbler is possible. For a further reduction in the volume of the tumbler, the electric motor can preferably be arranged along the movement of the bolt. The pin may have a preferably integrally formed thereon rack as part of the transmission device, which is in engagement with a drive connected to the worm wheel as a further part of the transmission device.

The transmission device as a pure gear unit preferably has a spur gear connected to the drive and a standing in engagement with the spur gear, connected to the pin rack. As a result, a cost-effective and in the design and manufacture easy to plan and to be installed tumbler is created.

The transmission device as a pure gear unit may preferably have a worm wheel connected to the drive and a toggle assembly connected to the worm and in engagement with the worm wheel. As a result, a cost-effective and in the design and manufacture easy to plan and to be installed tumbler is created. In addition, a high ratio / "leverage" is possible by the toggle assembly.

Preferably, the sensor, with which the movement or position of the bolt can be determined, be designed as a light barrier, RFID sensor, pulse echo sensor, mechanical contact or Hall sensor to realize a cost-effective and thereby secure tumbler, wherein the sensor can be selected depending on the external conditions, which also include tamper resistance.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.

1 shows schematically a tumbler according to the invention in a locking position or with extended bolt;

2 schematically shows a further embodiment of a tumbler according to the invention in a locking position or with extended bolt.

In 1 is schematically shown a tumbler according to the invention in a locked state. With a bolt 1 is the graphically indicated door as a movable part against a fixed wall, not shown, as a fixed part sustainable, when the tumbler is attached to one of the two parts and the bolt 1 in a corresponding recess 2 the other part positively engages. The bolt 1 is in a locking or blocking end position.

In the unlocked end position is the bolt 1 essentially in the housing 3 retracted.

In the in 1 locking end position is the bolt 1 out of the case 3 extended and can lock the door. For this purpose, the bolt engages 1 in the recess 2 on the door or the wall a positive fit, depending on which of the two parts, ie door or wall, the tumbler is mounted.

The bolt 1 is movably guided in the bolt longitudinal direction. To drive the bolt 1 is a drive 4 provided the bolt 1 via an intermediately coupled transmission device 5 can move. In principle, drives the drive 4 the transmission device 5 which, in turn, the bolt 1 emotional. The drive 4 is designed as an electric motor. The transmission device 5 is designed as a pure transmission device.

The bolt 1 slides at the end in a guide for a linear motion that encompasses the circumference of the bolt.

The transmission device 5 indicates with the drive 4 connected spur gear 6 and one in engagement with the spur gear 6 standing, with the bolt 1 connected rack 7 on. The spur gear 6 is directly with the drive 4 connected. The spur gear 6 is directly in positive engagement with the rack 7 that directly with the bolt 1 Immediately passing the movement of the rack 7 at the bolt 1 connected is.

The transmission device 5 converts the rotational movement of the drive 4 in a translational movement of the bolt 1 around.

The drive 4 is directly via the designed as a transmission unit transmission device 5 with the bolt 1 connected. These are the drive 4 , the transmission device 5 and the bolt 1 so interconnected that movement of the transmission device 5 or the drive 4 to an immediate movement of the bolt 1 leads. Further, the drive 4 , the transmission device 5 and the bolt 1 so interconnected that a reversal of motion of the drive 4 to an immediate reversal of motion in the transmitter 5 leads. bolt 1 , Drive 4 and transmission equipment 5 are directly mechanically coupled to each other by positive engagement. The direct mechanical coupling leads to an immediate reversal of the pin movement direction in a reversal of the movement of the drive 4 , The connection of drive 4 , Transmission device 5 and bolts 1 is characterized by a direct or immediate transmission of kinetic energy.

To monitor the movement of the bolt 1 is a sensor 8th provided, which determines in which end position the bolt 1 located. The sensor 8th is designed as a light barrier in the illustrated embodiment. In the case of the bolt 1 moved back in the housing, the bolt obstructed 1 the photocell is not and the sensor 8th can provide a signal that the bolt 1 is in the unlocked position. It may be provided that the sensor 8th in the end positions, the signal "light barrier blocked" is by using the photocell a recess of the bolt 1 can be detected, and the recess is arranged to the light barrier so that between the end positions, the light barrier is not blocked by the recess. In the end positions, the edge of the recess is the sensor 8th or the light barrier is detected and the light barrier is interrupted.

It can also be provided that the sensor 8th as stationary photocell with respect to two the bolt 1 passing through holes is arranged so that in the end positions, the photocell passes unhindered through the two through holes and during the movement of the bolt 1 from the bolt 1 is interrupted.

It can also be provided that two configured as light barriers, in the longitudinal direction or travel direction of the bolt 1 about the movement stroke of the bolt 1 spaced sensors 8a . 8b at the housing outlet spaced end of the bolt 1 or the extension with the transmission device 5 are provided. The Indian 1 illustrated sensor 8a can then, for example, when the bolt is extended 1 as well as the sensor 8b the signal provides "light barrier free". With retracted bolt 1 deliver the two sensors 8a . 8b the signal "light barrier interrupted".

In an alternative embodiment, the sensors configured as spaced-apart light barriers 8a and 8b also in the front area in the housing 3 adjacent to the passage opening for the bolt 1 be arranged. An arrangement in the region of the passage opening creates a more compact design.

The sensors 8th . 8a and 8b can also be used as RFID sensor, pulse echo sensor, mechanical contact, reed contact or Hall sensor for position determination of the bolt 1 be designed. The position in the housing 3 can largely the positions of the sensors configured as a light barrier 8th . 8a and 8b correspond.

For controlling the drive 4 or the electric motor is a controller 9 provided that also with the sensor 8th is connected, for example, to determine in which end position the bolt 1 located. The control 9 may also be configured to determine the time required for the bolt to move from one end position to the other end position. So it can be determined if the drive 4 Can move "freely" and the bolt 1 not in "block drives" or is obstructed. On the basis of the control 9 controlled speed of the bolt 1 and the travel distance between the end positions, the maximum allowable time as a threshold value in a memory of the controller 9 be stored or calculated by this. If the threshold is exceeded, it can be assumed that hindrance to the movement of bolts 1 and drive 4 is present.

Because a direct mechanical coupling of drive 4 , Transmission device 5 and bolts 1 present, the bolt would have to 1 at a Apply power to the electric motor. However, there is a blockage outside the case 3 before, so can the bolt 1 dont move. This blockage can be caused by jamming of the bolt 1 caused by the recess 2 not at the in 1 shown position, but the bolt 1 in the recess 2 is keyed (from the locking position to the unlocked position) or not in the recess 2 or from the housing 3 can be moved (from the unlocked position to the locking position). In case of blockage, the controller can blockade over the sensor 8th determine and generate an error signal. For monitoring a movement of the drive 4 can also be provided that designed as an electric motor drive 4 A stepper motor is one that provides feedback about the "executed" movement to the controller 9 gives. For example, in blocking the movement of the drive 4 a shutdown of the drive 4 and outputting an error signal by the controller 9 respectively.

At the housing 3 the tumbler is at least one more sensor 12 attached to the side facing the movable part to determine whether or not the movable part is in the position to be locked. The sensor 12 is with the controller 9 connected, and the controller 9 detects the position of the moving part, with the bolt 1 is then extended to the locking end position when the sensor 12 has detected the position of the movable part "positive". Preferably, the sensor 12 implemented as an RFID sensor or pulse echo sensor (CSS).

Im in 2 shown embodiment of a tumbler according to the invention comprises the transmission device 5 one with the drive 4 connected worm wheel 10 and one in engagement with the worm wheel 10 standing, with the bolt 1 Connected toggle assembly 11 on. The design of the other elements of the tumbler otherwise corresponds to in 1 shown embodiment.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102004030362 A1 [0006, 0007]

Claims (10)

Guard for a component for closing a fixed part and a movable part having opening, with a bolt ( 1 ), which is movably guided between an interlocking and an unlocked end position in the longitudinal direction of the bolt, a drive executing a movement ( 4 ) for moving the bolt ( 1 ) and a transmission device ( 5 ) between the drive ( 4 ) and the bolt ( 1 ), characterized in that the drive ( 4 ) is an electric motor, and the drive ( 4 ), the transmission equipment ( 5 ) and the bolt ( 1 ) are motion-coupled with the immediate transfer of kinetic energy, the bolt speed being controlled by a controller ( 9 ), and monitoring the movement of the bolt ( 1 ) motion coupled drive ( 4 ) with the controller ( 9 ) is feasible, and the controller ( 9 ) with at least one sensor ( 12 ) is connected for a determination of the position of the movable part relative to the fixed part. Locking device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the maximum permissible current consumption of the electric motor is limited to 800 mA, in particular 600 mA, particularly preferably 500 mA. Locking device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that another with the control ( 9 ) connected sensor ( 8th ) is provided, with which the reaching of the end positions of the bolt ( 1 ) is determinable. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drive ( 4 ) transversely to the direction of movement of the bolt ( 1 ) is arranged. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the transmission device ( 5 ) with the drive ( 4 ) connected spur gear ( 6 ) and one in engagement with the spur gear ( 6 ), with the bolt ( 1 ) connected rack ( 7 ) having. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the transmission device ( 5 ) with the drive ( 4 ) connected worm wheel ( 10 ) and one in engagement with the worm wheel ( 10 ), with the bolt ( 1 ) connected toggle assembly ( 11 ) having. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the sensor ( 12 ) is designed as an RFID sensor, pulse echo sensor, mechanical contact, reed contact or Hall sensor. Locking device according to claim 3, characterized in that the further sensor ( 8th ) is designed as a light barrier, RFID sensor, pulse echo sensor, mechanical contact, reed contact or Hall sensor. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control ( 9 ) has a memory for a time threshold, and in the controller ( 9 ) a comparison with the time is feasible, the bolt ( 1 ) is needed for a movement between the end positions. Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the drive ( 4 ) with the controller ( 9 ) for a feedback of the rotation of the drive ( 4 ) connected is.

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