CN215815919U - Device capable of improving LED luminous efficiency based on surface plasma - Google Patents
Device capable of improving LED luminous efficiency based on surface plasma Download PDFInfo
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- CN215815919U CN215815919U CN202122172637.7U CN202122172637U CN215815919U CN 215815919 U CN215815919 U CN 215815919U CN 202122172637 U CN202122172637 U CN 202122172637U CN 215815919 U CN215815919 U CN 215815919U
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000980 Aluminium gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device capable of improving LED luminous efficiency based on surface plasma, which is characterized by comprising an N-pole grating layer, a multi-quantum well (MQWS) layer, a P-pole grating layer and an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) buffer layer which are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top, wherein the P-pole grating layer and the ITO buffer layer are in a grating ridge mosaic shape, a group of strip-shaped metal Ag is uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the ITO buffer layer, the edges of the N-pole grating layer and the ITO buffer layer are respectively provided with an N electrode N-nad and a P electrode P-nad, and the N electrode N-nad and the P electrode P-nad are in diagonal positions with the physical center of the device. The device can improve the quantum efficiency and the light extraction rate in the LED.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to a device capable of improving the luminous efficiency of an LED (light-emitting diode) based on surface plasma, which is used for constructing a surface plasma LED structure by utilizing a metal nano structure and a semiconductor material with excellent performance.
Background
Surface Plasmons (SPs) are electromagnetic Surface waves that have the greatest field strength at the Surface and an exponentially decaying field perpendicular to the interface, and can be excited by electrons and light waves, which are electron density waves that propagate along the metal Surface and are generated by the interaction of freely vibrating electrons present on the metal Surface and photons. The surface plasma can improve the LED luminous efficiency, not only can improve the internal quantum efficiency of the LED, but also can improve the light extraction efficiency by multiple times, and in order to reduce the influence of a metal film on the LED light-emitting, the metal particle local surface plasma coupling method becomes an effective means for enhancing the LED luminous efficiency by SPP.
The Y.C.Chu research group adopts Ag films with the thicknesses of 0.3 nm and 0.6nm to cover an InGaN-GaN Multiple Quantum Well (MQWs) through electron beam evaporation, so that the Ag films become Ag nano particles, and experimental results show that in a certain range, along with the increase of the density of the Ag nano particles, the internal quantum efficiency is increased, but the light-emitting efficiency is reduced; the C.H.Lu research group provides a simple method for manufacturing periodically distributed nano particles, the internal quantum efficiency can be enhanced by 4.4 times, the method has the defect that the method is influenced by factors such as the size of metal nano particles, the particle distribution, the particle shape, the particle volume fraction and the like, but compared with the metal nano particle structure, the metal period is easier to control the light radiation of an LED and the modulation of SPP; s.f.wu et al believe that using metallic photonic crystals can enhance the luminous efficiency by about 60 times, which is more advantageous to control the structural parameter settings of GaN-LEDs than using nanoparticles, but in the actual fabrication of device structures, SPP coupling needs to solve the problems of small coupling distance, high SPP loss, low conversion efficiency of SPP to light radiation, and the like. Currently, few studies have been reported on surface plasmons to improve the internal quantum efficiency of LEDs.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a device capable of improving the luminous efficiency of an LED based on surface plasma. The device can improve the quantum efficiency and the light extraction rate in the LED.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the utility model is as follows:
a device capable of improving LED luminous efficiency based on surface plasma comprises an N-pole grating layer, a multi-quantum well (MQWS) layer, a P-pole grating layer and an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) buffer layer which are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top, wherein the P-pole grating layer and the ITO buffer layer are in grating ridge mosaic shapes and are formed by mosaic, the contact area is increased, the luminous efficiency can be improved, a group of strip-shaped metal Ag is uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the ITO buffer layer, the edges of the N-pole grating layer and the ITO buffer layer are respectively provided with an N electrode N-nad and a P electrode P-nad, and the N electrode N-nad and the P electrode P-nad are in diagonal positions with the physical center of the device.
The N-pole grating layer and the P-pole grating layer are both gallium nitride GaN.
The multi-quantum well (MQWS layer) is a multi-quantum well layer with the thickness of 5nm, the quantum well is in a sandwich structure, the middle part is a thin semiconductor film, the structure of the semiconductor film is formed by the combination of AlGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs, two isolation layers (two N-type GaAs) are arranged on the outer side, and laser flashes towards the quantum well, so that electrons and positively charged holes can be generated in the middle semiconductor film layer.
The N-nad of the N electrode is made into an N-type electrode by vapor plating metal, and the material is arsenic or antimony or phosphorus.
The P-nad electrode is made of vapor plating metal and is made into a P-type electrode, and the P-type electrode is made of boron, indium or gallium and serves as an injection current end of the LED.
The number of the strip-shaped metal Ag is at least 3.
The method comprises the steps of analyzing the structural design of a surface plasma enhanced LED and the selection of metal materials, establishing an LED model by adopting multi-physical-field simulation software, observing the light emitting process of the LED and researching the light emitting principle of the LED, obtaining quantitative indexes of the electrical characteristics and the light emitting performance of the LED through numerical calculation, wherein the quantitative indexes comprise internal quantum efficiency, external quantum efficiency and light extraction rate, and through different settings of the model, the state density and the spontaneous radiation rate of the LED can be increased by the excitation of SPs, and light which is larger than a total internal reflection angle and cannot be radiated can be radiated in a light form through a reasonable structure, so that the quantum efficiency of the LED is greatly improved. The metal structure limits the light extraction rate of the luminophor to a certain extent, and in order to excite SPPs, namely the metal is required to show high reflectivity to the luminophor, the reflectivity of Au and Ag is higher and reaches more than 95%, and the reflectivity of Cu is lower and is below 90%. Therefore, it is most suitable to select Au or Ag as the metal material for making the surface plasmon structure.
The metal grating structure is adopted, so that the internal quantum efficiency of the LED can be effectively improved, the external quantum efficiency can be enhanced, gallium nitride (GaN) is an inorganic substance, is a compound of nitrogen and gallium, is a direct bandgap semiconductor, can be used in a high-power and high-speed photoelectric element, and therefore, the GaN grating is adopted in an LED model.
Indium tin oxide is a P-type semiconductor material with good conductivity and high light transmittance, the transmittance of the indium tin oxide in a visible light wave band can reach more than 90%, the indium tin oxide has good stability, and the ITO electrode is used for replacing a P-type electrode chip in the traditional LED, so that the light-emitting rate of the luminous body can be improved by 30% -40%; an ITO buffer layer is added between the gratings, so that the luminous intensity of the LED is further improved.
The GaN grating structure in the technical scheme corresponds to a metal structure, photons generated by LED Quantum Well (QW) spontaneous radiation penetrate through a GaN layer, the light extraction rate on the GaN grating surface is improved for the first time, then the photons pass through a metal Ag grating structure to generate SPPs-QW effective coupling, a part of the photons penetrate through metal and are carried to an external free space, a part of the photons are extracted from the metal side, the light extraction rate is improved for the second time, the LED spontaneous radiation rate is improved, and the internal quantum efficiency is enhanced.
According to the technical scheme, the internal quantum efficiency and the light-emitting efficiency are comprehensively considered, the light-emitting efficiency of the LED is improved, and the condition that the sum of light loss caused by the SPP coupling structure exceeds the sum of enhanced light emission of the SPP coupling structure is avoided.
The device can improve the quantum efficiency and the light extraction rate in the LED.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic mechanism diagram of the embodiment.
In the figure, 1, an N electrode grating layer 2, an N electrode N-nad 3, a multi-quantum well layer 4, a P electrode grating layer 5, an indium tin oxide ITO buffer layer 6, metal Ag 7 and a P electrode P-nad are arranged.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and examples, without however being limited thereto.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1, a device capable of improving the light emitting efficiency of an LED based on surface plasma includes an N-pole grating layer 1, a multi-quantum well (MQWS) layer 3, a P-pole grating layer 4, and an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) buffer layer 5, which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, the P-pole grating layer 4 and the ITO buffer layer 5 are in a grating ridge mosaic shape, and are formed by mosaic, so as to increase the contact area and improve the light emitting efficiency, a group of strip-shaped metal Ag6 is uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the ITO buffer layer 5, wherein the edges of the N-pole grating layer 1 and the ITO buffer layer 5 are respectively provided with an N-nad2 and a P-nad7, and the N-nad2 and the P-nad7 are in a diagonal position with the physical center of the device.
The N-pole grating layer and the P-pole grating layer are both gallium nitride GaN.
The multi-quantum well, namely the MQWS layer 3 is a multi-quantum well layer with the thickness of 5nm, the quantum well is in a sandwich structure shape, the middle part is a thin semiconductor film, the structure of the semiconductor film is formed by the combination of AlGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs, two isolation layers, namely two N-type GaAs layers, are arranged on the outer side, and flash towards the quantum well by laser, so that electrons and positively charged holes can be generated in the middle semiconductor film layer, under the normal condition, the electrons can be combined with the holes to emit photons, the photons generated by the QW spontaneous radiation of the LED quantum well penetrate through the GaN layer, and the light extraction rate on the surface of the GaN grating is improved by generating the effective coupling of SPPs-QW.
The N-nad2 electrode is made of evaporated metal and is made of arsenic, antimony or phosphorus.
The P-nad7 electrode is made of vapor plating metal and is made into a P-type electrode made of boron, indium or gallium and used as the injection current end of the LED.
The number of the strip-shaped metal Ag6 is at least 3, and the number of the silver strips is 3 in the example.
In this example, N-GaN with a thickness of 400nm is used as the N-pole grating 1.
In the example, the P-pole grating 4 adopts a 200nm gallium nitride (GaN) metal grating structure, the internal quantum efficiency of the LED can be effectively improved, the external quantum efficiency can also be enhanced, the P-GaN grating adopts a grating ridge form, the etching depth of the nano rectangular grating is 70nm, the height between the grating ridge and the quantum well is 180nm, the period diameter of the nano rectangular grating is recorded as 150nm, and the duty ratio is recorded as 0.5.
In the embodiment, a layer of ITO with the thickness of 300nm is deposited on the ITO buffer layer ITO 5 on the P-GaN grating structure to serve as a transition layer, and the ITO electrode is used for replacing a P-type electrode chip in the traditional LED, so that the light-emitting rate of the luminous body can be better improved.
In this example, 20nm thick strips of Ag were deposited on the ITO layer.
In the example, when current is injected into the LED, the conductivity of the ITO layer evaporated on the P pole grating can be rapidly and uniformly diffused on the surface, the electronic active performance is improved, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the LED is further improved, the luminous intensity is increased, a layer of ITO is placed on the P-GaN grating structure to serve as a transition layer, the light-emitting rate of the luminous body is improved by 30% -40%, the Ag film is deposited on the surface of the buffer layer by the metal Ag superposed on the light-emitting surface of the luminous body, an interface of metal and an air layer is formed, after the current is injected into the LED, the light emitted by the luminous body irradiates the metal structure to excite SPPs, a strong local electric field is formed on the metal-medium interface, the photons formed by spontaneous radiation recombination of electrons in the field and an LED quantum well (MQWS) penetrate through the GaN layer, the light extraction rate on the surface of the GaN grating is firstly improved, and then passes through the metal grating structure, by generating efficient coupling of SPPs-QW, a part of photons penetrate through the metal and are carried to the external free space, and a part of light is extracted from the metal side, so that the light extraction rate is improved again, the photon state density in the LED light-emitting layer is improved, and the internal quantum efficiency of the LED is enhanced.
Claims (6)
1. A device capable of improving LED luminous efficiency based on surface plasma is characterized by comprising an N-pole grating layer, a multi-quantum well (MQWS) layer, a P-pole grating layer and an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) buffer layer which are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top, wherein the P-pole grating layer and the ITO buffer layer are in a grating ridge mosaic shape, a group of strip-shaped metal Ag is uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the ITO buffer layer, the edges of the N-pole grating layer and the ITO buffer layer are respectively provided with an N-nad electrode and a P-nad electrode, and the N-nad electrode and the P-nad electrode are in a diagonal position with the physical center of the device.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the N-pole and P-pole grating layers are GaN.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the MQWS layer is a 5nm thick MQWS layer, the quantum well is sandwiched, the middle is a semiconductor film, the semiconductor film is composed of AlGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs composite form, and the outer side is two isolation layers, i.e. two pieces of N-type GaAs.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the N-nad is made of metal deposited to form an N-type electrode, and the material is arsenic, antimony or phosphorus.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the P-nad is made of a vapor deposited metal and is made of boron, indium or gallium, and the P-nad is used as an injection current terminal of the LED.
6. The device capable of improving the luminous efficiency of the LED based on the surface plasma as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the strip-shaped metal Ag is at least 3.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113659055A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-16 | 广西师范大学 | Device capable of improving LED luminous efficiency based on surface plasma |
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| CN113659055A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-16 | 广西师范大学 | Device capable of improving LED luminous efficiency based on surface plasma |
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