CN209875220U - Peak shaving power generation system integrating carbon dioxide cycle and liquefied air energy storage - Google Patents
Peak shaving power generation system integrating carbon dioxide cycle and liquefied air energy storage Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 270
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 181
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本实用新型提供了一种集成二氧化碳循环与液化空气储能的调峰发电系统，包括液空储能子系统和超临界二氧化碳循环子系统；液空储能子系统包括空分装置、液氮及液氧储罐、液氮及液氧泵、高低压氮气透平、氮气收集装置、第一发电机、储热装置、传热介质泵、切换阀等。超临界二氧化碳循环子系统包括二氧化碳循环泵、高低温换热器、燃烧室、二氧化碳透平、第二发电机、水分离器、冷却器、液体二氧化碳收集装置等。液空储能子系统在低谷时储存电力在调峰时释放，并将天然气的能量在调峰时由超临界二氧化碳循环转换为电力，系统储能量大，调峰能力强，具备大规模快速负荷调节能力，系统效率高、无污染、零排放、100％碳捕集，副产品经济价值高。
The utility model provides a peak-shaving power generation system integrating carbon dioxide circulation and liquefied air energy storage, including a liquid-air energy storage subsystem and a supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem; the liquid-air energy storage subsystem includes an air separation device, liquid nitrogen and Liquid oxygen storage tank, liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen pump, high and low pressure nitrogen turbine, nitrogen collection device, first generator, heat storage device, heat transfer medium pump, switching valve, etc. The supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem includes a carbon dioxide circulation pump, a high and low temperature heat exchanger, a combustion chamber, a carbon dioxide turbine, a second generator, a water separator, a cooler, and a liquid carbon dioxide collection device. The air-liquid energy storage subsystem stores electricity during low valleys and releases it during peak shaving, and converts the energy of natural gas from supercritical carbon dioxide cycle into electricity during peak shaving. The system has large energy storage, strong peak shaving ability, and large-scale fast load Regulatory capacity, high system efficiency, no pollution, zero emissions, 100% carbon capture, high economic value of by-products.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种集成二氧化碳循环与液化空气储能的调峰发电系统，属于电力系统调峰及储能技术领域。The utility model relates to a peak-shaving power generation system integrating carbon dioxide circulation and liquefied air energy storage, which belongs to the technical field of peak-shaving and energy storage in power systems.
背景技术Background technique
随着新能源发电装机容量不断扩大，电力系统必须有充足的调峰容量来平抑新能源电力的波动。同时，风力发电、太阳能发电的间歇性和波动性问题，导致用电低谷时的弃风、弃光现象，这就需要借助大规模储能技术。因此，先进的调峰和储能技术是当前电力系统的迫切需求。With the continuous expansion of the installed capacity of new energy power generation, the power system must have sufficient peak-shaving capacity to stabilize the fluctuation of new energy power. At the same time, the intermittency and volatility of wind power and solar power generation lead to abandonment of wind and light during low power consumption, which requires the use of large-scale energy storage technology. Therefore, advanced peak shaving and energy storage technologies are an urgent need for the current power system.
通常水电适合用于调峰，而现在火电也参与调峰，并且越来越多地采用燃气轮机承担电网尖峰负荷调节。抽水蓄能电站既可大规模储能，又可大规模调峰，而且是清洁绿色的可再生能源，但是受限于地理条件。带补燃的压缩空气储能系统可兼具储能与大规模调峰功能，但是会有二氧化碳排放。Usually hydropower is suitable for peak load regulation, but now thermal power is also involved in peak load regulation, and more and more gas turbines are used to undertake peak load regulation of the power grid. The pumped storage power station can not only store energy on a large scale, but also regulate peaks on a large scale, and it is a clean and green renewable energy source, but it is limited by geographical conditions. The compressed air energy storage system with supplementary combustion can have both energy storage and large-scale peak shaving functions, but there will be carbon dioxide emissions.
近年来，液化空气储能技术和新型的燃气轮机技术的发展为开发更先进的储能调峰发电系统提供了广阔的探索空间。特别是以超临界二氧化碳为工质的半闭式直燃加热循环系统，兼具高效发电与廉价捕碳的优点，采用纯氧燃烧，配备有大型空分装置，天然地具备液化空气储能的硬件条件。In recent years, the development of liquefied air energy storage technology and new gas turbine technology has provided a broad exploration space for the development of more advanced energy storage peak-shaving power generation systems. In particular, the semi-closed direct-fired heating cycle system using supercritical carbon dioxide as the working medium has the advantages of high-efficiency power generation and low-cost carbon capture. It uses pure oxygen combustion and is equipped with a large-scale air separation unit. It naturally has the capability of liquefied air energy storage. hardware condition.
如何对半闭式超临界二氧化碳循环系统和液空储能系统进行集成，使其具备大规模储能和大规模快速负荷调节能力，并且高效率、无污染、零排放、100％碳捕集，是本领域技术人员致力于解决的难题。此类发电系统在行业上未见有相关报道。How to integrate the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation system and the air-liquid energy storage system so that it has large-scale energy storage and large-scale rapid load adjustment capabilities, and has high efficiency, no pollution, zero emissions, and 100% carbon capture, It is a difficult problem that those skilled in the art are committed to solving. This type of power generation system has not been reported in the industry.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型要解决的技术问题是：如何对半闭式超临界二氧化碳循环系统和液空储能系统进行集成，使其具备大规模储能和大规模快速负荷调节能力，并且高效率、无污染、零排放、100％碳捕集。The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: how to integrate the semi-closed supercritical carbon dioxide circulation system and the liquid-air energy storage system, so that it has large-scale energy storage and large-scale rapid load adjustment capabilities, and has high efficiency and no pollution , zero emissions, 100% carbon capture.
为了解决上述技术问题，本实用新型的技术方案是提供一种集成二氧化碳循环与液化空气储能的调峰发电系统，其特征在于：包括液空储能子系统和超临界二氧化碳循环子系统；In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present utility model is to provide a peak-shaving power generation system integrating carbon dioxide circulation and liquefied air energy storage, which is characterized in that it includes a liquid-air energy storage subsystem and a supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem;
所述液空储能子系统包括空分装置，空分装置的液氮出口连接液氮储罐进口，空分装置的液氧出口连接液氧储罐进口，液氮储罐出口连接液氮泵进口，液氧储罐出口连接液氧泵进口，液氮泵出口连接低温换热器氮进口，液氧泵出口连接低温换热器氧进口，低温换热器氮出口连接高温换热器氮进口，低温换热器氧出口连接高温换热器氧进口，高温换热器氮出口连接高压氮气透平进口，高压氮气透平出口连接高温换热器再热氮气进口，高温换热器再热氮气出口连接低压氮气透平进口，低压氮气透平出口连接氮气收集装置，高压氮气透平和低压氮气透平同轴连接第一发电机，高温换热器氧出口连接所述超临界二氧化碳子系统的燃烧室氧进口；储热装置出口连接传热介质泵进口，传热介质泵出口分两路分别连接空分装置传热介质进口和高温换热器传热介质进口，空分装置传热介质出口连接切换阀的一个进口，高温换热器传热介质出口连接切换阀的另一个进口，切换阀出口连接储热装置进口；The liquid-air energy storage subsystem includes an air separation device, the liquid nitrogen outlet of the air separation device is connected to the inlet of the liquid nitrogen storage tank, the liquid oxygen outlet of the air separation device is connected to the inlet of the liquid oxygen storage tank, and the outlet of the liquid nitrogen storage tank is connected to the liquid nitrogen pump The inlet, the outlet of the liquid oxygen storage tank is connected to the inlet of the liquid oxygen pump, the outlet of the liquid nitrogen pump is connected to the nitrogen inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger, the outlet of the liquid oxygen pump is connected to the oxygen inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger, and the nitrogen outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the nitrogen inlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger , the oxygen outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the oxygen inlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger, the nitrogen outlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure nitrogen turbine, the outlet of the high-pressure nitrogen turbine is connected to the reheat nitrogen inlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger, and the reheat nitrogen of the high-temperature heat exchanger The outlet is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure nitrogen turbine, the outlet of the low-pressure nitrogen turbine is connected to the nitrogen collection device, the high-pressure nitrogen turbine and the low-pressure nitrogen turbine are coaxially connected to the first generator, and the oxygen outlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the combustion of the supercritical carbon dioxide subsystem The oxygen inlet of the chamber; the outlet of the heat storage device is connected to the inlet of the heat transfer medium pump, and the outlet of the heat transfer medium pump is divided into two routes to connect the heat transfer medium inlet of the air separation unit and the heat transfer medium inlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger, and the heat transfer medium outlet of the air separation unit is connected One inlet of the switching valve, the outlet of the heat transfer medium of the high temperature heat exchanger is connected to the other inlet of the switching valve, and the outlet of the switching valve is connected to the inlet of the heat storage device;
所述超临界二氧化碳循环子系统包括二氧化碳循环泵，二氧化碳循环泵出口连接高温换热器低温侧二氧化碳进口，高温换热器低温侧二氧化碳出口连接燃烧室二氧化碳进口，燃烧室二氧化碳出口连接二氧化碳透平进口，二氧化碳透平连接第二发电机，二氧化碳透平的高压出口抽出燃烧产生的多余二氧化碳连接高温换热器高温侧高压二氧化碳进口，高温换热器高温侧高压二氧化碳出口连接第一水分离器进口，第一水分离器出口连接冷却器进口，冷却器出口连接液体二氧化碳收集装置，二氧化碳透平的低压出口连接高温换热器高温侧低压二氧化碳进口，高温换热器高温侧低压二氧化碳出口连接第二水分离器进口，第二水分离器出口连接低温换热器低压二氧化碳进口，低温换热器低压二氧化碳出口连接二氧化碳循环泵进口；液化天然气储罐出口连接液化天然气泵进口，液化天然气泵出口连接低温换热器天然气进口，低温换热器天然气出口连接高温换热器天然气进口，高温换热器天然气出口连接燃烧室天然气进口。The supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem includes a carbon dioxide circulation pump, the outlet of the carbon dioxide circulation pump is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the low temperature side of the high temperature heat exchanger, the carbon dioxide outlet of the low temperature side of the high temperature heat exchanger is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the combustion chamber, and the carbon dioxide outlet of the combustion chamber is connected to the carbon dioxide turbine inlet , the carbon dioxide turbine is connected to the second generator, and the high-pressure outlet of the carbon dioxide turbine is connected to the high-pressure carbon dioxide inlet on the high-temperature side of the high-temperature heat exchanger, and the high-pressure carbon dioxide outlet on the high-temperature side of the high-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the first water separator. The outlet of the first water separator is connected to the cooler inlet, the cooler outlet is connected to the liquid carbon dioxide collection device, the low-pressure outlet of the carbon dioxide turbine is connected to the low-pressure carbon dioxide inlet on the high-temperature side of the high-temperature heat exchanger, and the low-pressure carbon dioxide outlet on the high-temperature side of the high-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the second water The inlet of the separator and the outlet of the second water separator are connected to the low-pressure carbon dioxide inlet of the cryogenic heat exchanger, and the low-pressure carbon dioxide outlet of the cryogenic heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide circulation pump; the outlet of the LNG storage tank is connected to the inlet of the LNG pump, and the outlet of the LNG pump is connected to the low-temperature exchanger The natural gas inlet of the heat exchanger, the natural gas outlet of the low temperature heat exchanger are connected to the natural gas inlet of the high temperature heat exchanger, and the natural gas outlet of the high temperature heat exchanger is connected to the natural gas inlet of the combustion chamber.
优选地，所述空分装置为压缩深冷空分装置。Preferably, the air separation unit is a compression cryogenic air separation unit.
优选地，所述储热装置的传热介质为水。Preferably, the heat transfer medium of the heat storage device is water.
优选地，所述低温换热器和高温换热器为多股流换热器，包括一个以上换热器串联及并联组合。上述的集成二氧化碳循环与液化空气储能的调峰发电系统，使用方法如下：液空储能子系统中的空分装置持续运行，制备的液氧和液氮分别储存于液氧储罐和液氮储罐中；将切换阀调节至储热装置仅与空分装置连通的位置，传热介质泵运行，通过传热介质将空分装置中压缩气体的热量传递至储热装置中进行储存。Preferably, the low-temperature heat exchanger and the high-temperature heat exchanger are multi-stream heat exchangers, including more than one heat exchanger in series and in parallel. The above-mentioned peak-shaving power generation system integrating carbon dioxide cycle and liquefied air energy storage is used as follows: the air separation unit in the liquid-air energy storage subsystem continues to operate, and the prepared liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen are stored in the liquid oxygen storage tank and the liquid In the nitrogen storage tank; adjust the switching valve to the position where the heat storage device is only in communication with the air separation unit, the heat transfer medium pump runs, and the heat of the compressed gas in the air separation unit is transferred to the heat storage device for storage through the heat transfer medium.
液空储能子系统和超临界二氧化碳循环子系统在电网调峰时工作过程如下：The working process of the air-liquid energy storage subsystem and the supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem is as follows when the power grid is peak-shaving:
将切换阀调节至储热装置仅与高温换热器连通的位置，传热介质泵运行，通过传热介质将储热装置中的热量传递给高温换热器。Adjust the switching valve to the position where the heat storage device is only in communication with the high-temperature heat exchanger, and the heat transfer medium pump operates to transfer the heat in the heat storage device to the high-temperature heat exchanger through the heat transfer medium.
氮泵将液氮升压，液氮经过低温换热器加热，再经高温换热器进一步加热升温，再经高压氮气透平膨胀做功，压力下降，然后经高温换热器再热，再经低压氮气透平膨胀做功，排气进入氮气收集装置，高压氮气透平和低压氮气透平推动第一发电机产生电力。The nitrogen pump boosts the pressure of the liquid nitrogen. The liquid nitrogen is heated by the low-temperature heat exchanger, then further heated by the high-temperature heat exchanger, and then expanded by the high-pressure nitrogen turbine to do work, and the pressure drops, and then reheated by the high-temperature heat exchanger, and then passed The low-pressure nitrogen turbine expands to perform work, the exhaust gas enters the nitrogen collection device, and the high-pressure nitrogen turbine and the low-pressure nitrogen turbine drive the first generator to generate electricity.
液氧泵将液氧升压，液氧经过低温换热器加热，再经高温换热器进一步加热升温，最后进入燃烧室；液化天然气泵将液化天然气升压，液化天然气经过低温换热器加热，再经高温换热器进一步加热升温，最后进入燃烧室与液氧燃烧。The liquid oxygen pump boosts the pressure of the liquid oxygen, and the liquid oxygen is heated by the low-temperature heat exchanger, then further heated by the high-temperature heat exchanger, and finally enters the combustion chamber; the liquefied natural gas pump boosts the pressure of the liquefied natural gas, and the liquefied natural gas is heated by the low-temperature heat exchanger , and then further heated by a high-temperature heat exchanger, and finally enter the combustion chamber and burn with liquid oxygen.
二氧化碳循环泵将液体二氧化碳工质增压，液体二氧化碳工质经高温换热器加热，再进入燃烧室升温，燃烧室排出的混合气进入二氧化碳透平膨胀做功，二氧化碳透平推动第二发电机产生电力，二氧化碳透平高压出口抽出燃烧产生的多余二氧化碳，这股二氧化碳经高温换热器释放余热，再经第一水分离器除湿，最后经冷却器冷却成液体储存于液体二氧化碳收集装置，二氧化碳透平低压排气口排出的二氧化碳经高温换热器释放余热，再经第二水分离器除湿，再经低温换热器液化，最后回到二氧化碳循环泵。The carbon dioxide circulation pump pressurizes the liquid carbon dioxide working medium. The liquid carbon dioxide working medium is heated by a high-temperature heat exchanger, and then enters the combustion chamber to heat up. The mixed gas discharged from the combustion chamber enters the carbon dioxide turbine to expand and do work. Electricity, the carbon dioxide turbine high-pressure outlet pumps out the excess carbon dioxide produced by combustion. This carbon dioxide releases waste heat through the high-temperature heat exchanger, then dehumidifies through the first water separator, and finally is cooled into a liquid by the cooler and stored in the liquid carbon dioxide collection device. The carbon dioxide discharged from the flat low-pressure exhaust port releases waste heat through the high-temperature heat exchanger, then dehumidifies through the second water separator, and then liquefies through the low-temperature heat exchanger, and finally returns to the carbon dioxide circulation pump.
第一发电机和第二发电机共同提供调峰电力。The first generator and the second generator jointly provide peak-shaving power.
优选地，所述空分装置在用电低谷或者电力过剩时段调高产量，在用电高峰时段调低产量。Preferably, the air separation unit increases the output during low power consumption or power surplus periods, and decreases the output during peak power consumption periods.
优选地，所述氮泵将液氮升压至3MPa以上。Preferably, the nitrogen pump boosts the pressure of the liquid nitrogen to above 3MPa.
优选地，所述液氧泵将液氧升压至15MPa以上。Preferably, the liquid oxygen pump boosts the pressure of the liquid oxygen to above 15MPa.
优选地，所述液化天然气泵将液化天然气升压至15MPa以上。Preferably, the liquefied natural gas pump boosts the pressure of the liquefied natural gas to above 15MPa.
优选地，所述二氧化碳循环泵将液体二氧化碳工质增压至15MPa以上，液体二氧化碳工质经高温换热器加热，再进入燃烧室升温至800℃以上，二氧化碳透平高压出口抽出的燃烧产生的多余二氧化碳的压力为3.8～4.2MPa，二氧化碳透平低压排气口排出的二氧化碳压力为0.7～1MPa。Preferably, the carbon dioxide circulation pump pressurizes the liquid carbon dioxide working medium to above 15MPa, the liquid carbon dioxide working medium is heated by a high-temperature heat exchanger, and then enters the combustion chamber to raise the temperature to above 800°C, and the combustion produced by the high-pressure outlet of the carbon dioxide turbine The pressure of excess carbon dioxide is 3.8-4.2MPa, and the pressure of carbon dioxide discharged from the low-pressure exhaust port of the carbon dioxide turbine is 0.7-1MPa.
优选地，所述第一水分离器的进口介质温度高于且接近介质中二氧化碳的凝结温度。Preferably, the inlet medium temperature of the first water separator is higher than and close to the condensation temperature of carbon dioxide in the medium.
优选地，所述第二水分离器的进口介质温度高于且接近介质中水的冰点。Preferably, the temperature of the inlet medium of the second water separator is higher than and close to the freezing point of water in the medium.
优选地，所述低温换热器中二氧化碳透平低压排气流体中残余水分会凝结成的冰在调峰运行完成后停机时清除。Preferably, the ice formed by the condensation of residual moisture in the low-pressure exhaust fluid of the carbon dioxide turbine in the low-temperature heat exchanger is removed when the peak-shaving operation is completed and shut down.
优选地，所述高压氮气透平和低压氮气透平排出的氮气回收用于工业用途，空分装置产生的余热除用于系统本身外还用于向外输出供暖。Preferably, the nitrogen gas discharged from the high-pressure nitrogen turbine and the low-pressure nitrogen turbine is recovered for industrial purposes, and the waste heat generated by the air separation unit is used for heating outside as well as for the system itself.
优选地，所述二氧化碳收集装置收集的二氧化碳可用于工业用途、增强型石油开采或者进行封存。Preferably, the carbon dioxide collected by the carbon dioxide collection device can be used for industrial purposes, enhanced oil recovery or storage.
相比现有技术，本实用新型提供的集成二氧化碳循环与液化空气储能的调峰发电系统具有如下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the peak-shaving power generation system integrating carbon dioxide cycle and liquefied air energy storage provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1、具备大规模储能能力，对于10MWe以上等级的机组，液氧作为超临界二氧化碳循环中燃烧室的氧化剂，其液氧需求量非常大，从而作为储能介质的液氮的产量也按比例增大，所以通过空分装置可以大量地消耗电网过剩电力；1. With large-scale energy storage capacity, for units above 10MWe, liquid oxygen is used as the oxidant in the combustion chamber in the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle, and the demand for liquid oxygen is very large, so the output of liquid nitrogen as the energy storage medium is also proportional Increase, so the excess power of the grid can be consumed in large quantities through the air separation unit;
2、具备大规模快速负荷调节能力，超临界二氧化碳循环采用半闭式直燃加热方式，二氧化碳透平膨胀比高，二氧化碳透平排气温度较低，并且被液氮、液氧、液化天然气以及二氧化碳循环泵出来的二氧化碳工质迅速冷却和液化，使循环的启动速度加快，并且超临界二氧化碳循环没有压气机，采用泵，系统的可靠性好；2. Capable of large-scale and rapid load adjustment. The supercritical carbon dioxide cycle adopts a semi-closed direct-fired heating method. The expansion ratio of the carbon dioxide turbine is high, and the exhaust temperature of the carbon dioxide turbine is low. It is heated by liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquefied natural gas and The carbon dioxide working fluid pumped out of the carbon dioxide circulation pump is rapidly cooled and liquefied, which speeds up the start-up of the cycle, and the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle does not have a compressor, and the pump is used, so the reliability of the system is good;
3、系统效率高、无污染、零排放、100％碳捕集，由于超临界二氧化碳循环发电效率高，超临界二氧化碳循环采用天然气纯氧燃烧，所以燃烧几乎没有污染气体产生，且燃烧产生的二氧化碳可直接收集，同时，液空储能子系统的储放循环效率高，无任何污染；3. The system has high efficiency, no pollution, zero emissions, and 100% carbon capture. Due to the high power generation efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle uses natural gas and pure oxygen combustion, so there is almost no polluting gas generated during combustion, and the carbon dioxide produced by combustion It can be collected directly, and at the same time, the storage and release cycle efficiency of the air-liquid energy storage subsystem is high without any pollution;
4、副产品经济价值高，空分装置可以产生氩气等气体产品，氮气透平排出的氮气还可以回收用于工业用途，空分装置产生的大量余热除用于系统本身外还可向外输出供暖，捕集的二氧化碳也可用于工业用途、增强型采油。4. The economic value of the by-products is high. The air separation unit can produce gas products such as argon, and the nitrogen gas discharged from the nitrogen turbine can also be recycled for industrial purposes. A large amount of waste heat generated by the air separation unit can be exported to the outside besides being used for the system itself Heating, captured carbon dioxide can also be used for industrial purposes, enhanced oil recovery.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实施例提供的集成二氧化碳循环与液化空气储能的调峰发电系统示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a peak-shaving power generation system integrating carbon dioxide cycle and liquefied air energy storage provided by this embodiment;
附图标记说明：Explanation of reference signs:
1—空分装置，2—液氮储罐，3—液氧储罐，4—液氮泵，5—液氧泵，6—低温换热器，7—高温换热器，8—高压氮气透平，9—氮气收集装置，10—低压氮气透平，11—第一发电机，12—储热装置，13—传热介质泵，14—切换阀，15—液化天然气储罐，16—液化天然气泵，17—二氧化碳循环泵，18—燃烧室，19—二氧化碳透平，20—第二发电机，21—第一水分离器，22—冷却器，23—液体二氧化碳收集装置，24—第二水分离器。1—air separation unit, 2—liquid nitrogen storage tank, 3—liquid oxygen storage tank, 4—liquid nitrogen pump, 5—liquid oxygen pump, 6—low temperature heat exchanger, 7—high temperature heat exchanger, 8—high pressure nitrogen Turbine, 9—nitrogen collection device, 10—low pressure nitrogen turbine, 11—first generator, 12—heat storage device, 13—heat transfer medium pump, 14—switching valve, 15—liquefied natural gas storage tank, 16— Liquefied natural gas pump, 17—carbon dioxide circulation pump, 18—combustion chamber, 19—carbon dioxide turbine, 20—second generator, 21—first water separator, 22—cooler, 23—liquid carbon dioxide collection device, 24— Second water separator.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本实用新型。Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the utility model.
图1为本实施例提供的集成二氧化碳循环与液化空气储能的调峰发电系统示意图，所述的集成二氧化碳循环与液化空气储能的调峰发电系统包括液空储能子系统和超临界二氧化碳循环子系统。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the peak-shaving power generation system integrating carbon dioxide cycle and liquefied air energy storage provided by this embodiment. The peak-shaving power generation system integrating carbon dioxide cycle and liquefied air energy storage includes an air-liquid energy storage subsystem and supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem.
液空储能子系统包括空分装置1，空分装置1的液氮出口连接液氮储罐2进口，空分装置1的液氧出口连接液氧储罐3进口，液氮储罐2出口连接液氮泵4进口，液氧储罐3出口连接液氧泵5进口，液氮泵4出口连接低温换热器6氮进口，液氧泵5出口连接低温换热器6氧进口，低温换热器6氮出口连接高温换热器7氮进口，低温换热器6氧出口连接高温换热器7氧进口，高温换热器7氮出口连接高压氮气透平8进口，高压氮气透平8出口连接高温换热器7再热氮气进口，高温换热器7再热氮气出口连接低压氮气透平10进口，低压氮气透平10出口连接氮气收集装置9，高压氮气透平8和低压氮气透平10同轴连接第一发电机11，高温换热器7氧出口连接超临界二氧化碳子系统的燃烧室18氧进口；储热装置12出口连接传热介质泵13进口，传热介质泵13出口分两路分别连接空分装置1传热介质进口和高温换热器7传热介质进口，空分装置1传热介质出口连接切换阀14的一个进口，高温换热器7传热介质出口连接切换阀14的另一个进口，切换阀14出口连接储热装置12进口。The air-liquid energy storage subsystem includes air separation unit 1, the liquid nitrogen outlet of air separation unit 1 is connected to the inlet of liquid nitrogen storage tank 2, the liquid oxygen outlet of air separation unit 1 is connected to the inlet of liquid oxygen storage tank 3, and the outlet of liquid nitrogen storage tank 2 Connect to the 4 inlet of the liquid nitrogen pump, connect the 3 outlet of the liquid oxygen storage tank to the 5 inlet of the liquid oxygen pump, connect the 4 outlet of the liquid nitrogen pump to the 6 nitrogen inlet of the low temperature heat exchanger, connect the 5 outlet of the liquid oxygen pump to the 6 oxygen inlet of the low temperature heat exchanger, and connect the 6 oxygen inlet of the low temperature heat exchanger. The nitrogen outlet of the heat exchanger 6 is connected to the nitrogen inlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger 7, the oxygen outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 6 is connected to the oxygen inlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger 7, the nitrogen outlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger 7 is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure nitrogen turbine 8, and the high-pressure nitrogen turbine 8 The outlet is connected to the high-temperature heat exchanger 7 reheating nitrogen inlet, the reheating nitrogen outlet of the high-temperature heat exchanger 7 is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure nitrogen turbine 10, the outlet of the low-pressure nitrogen turbine 10 is connected to the nitrogen collection device 9, the high-pressure nitrogen turbine 8 and the low-pressure nitrogen ventilation The flat 10 is coaxially connected to the first generator 11, the oxygen outlet of the high temperature heat exchanger 7 is connected to the combustion chamber 18 of the supercritical carbon dioxide subsystem; the outlet of the heat storage device 12 is connected to the inlet of the heat transfer medium pump 13, and the outlet of the heat transfer medium pump 13 Connect the heat transfer medium inlet of the air separation unit 1 and the heat transfer medium inlet of the high temperature heat exchanger 7 in two ways, the heat transfer medium outlet of the air separation unit 1 is connected to an inlet of the switching valve 14, and the heat transfer medium outlet of the high temperature heat exchanger 7 is connected to The other inlet of the switching valve 14, the outlet of the switching valve 14 is connected to the inlet of the heat storage device 12.
超临界二氧化碳循环子系统包括二氧化碳循环泵17，二氧化碳循环泵17出口连接高温换热器7低温侧二氧化碳进口，高温换热器7低温侧二氧化碳出口连接燃烧室18二氧化碳进口，燃烧室18二氧化碳出口连接二氧化碳透平19进口，二氧化碳透平19连接第二发电机20，二氧化碳透平19的高压出口抽出燃烧产生的多余二氧化碳连接高温换热器7高温侧高压二氧化碳进口，高温换热器7高温侧高压二氧化碳出口连接第一水分离器21进口，第一水分离器21出口连接冷却器22进口，冷却器22出口连接液体二氧化碳收集装置23，二氧化碳透平19的低压出口连接高温换热器7高温侧低压二氧化碳进口，高温换热器7低压二氧化碳出口连接第二水分离器24进口，第二水分离器24出口连接低温换热器6低压二氧化碳进口，低温换热器6低压二氧化碳出口连接二氧化碳循环泵17进口；液化天然气储罐15出口连接液化天然气泵16进口，液化天然气泵16出口连接低温换热器6天然气进口，低温换热器6天然气出口连接高温换热器7天然气进口，高温换热器7天然气出口连接燃烧室18天然气进口。The supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem includes a carbon dioxide circulation pump 17, the outlet of the carbon dioxide circulation pump 17 is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the high temperature heat exchanger 7 at the low temperature side, the carbon dioxide outlet of the high temperature heat exchanger 7 is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the combustion chamber 18 at the low temperature side, and the carbon dioxide outlet of the combustion chamber 18 is connected to The inlet of the carbon dioxide turbine 19, the carbon dioxide turbine 19 is connected to the second generator 20, the high pressure outlet of the carbon dioxide turbine 19 extracts excess carbon dioxide generated by combustion, and is connected to the high temperature side high pressure carbon dioxide inlet of the high temperature heat exchanger 7, and the high temperature side of the high temperature heat exchanger 7 is high pressure The carbon dioxide outlet is connected to the inlet of the first water separator 21, the outlet of the first water separator 21 is connected to the inlet of the cooler 22, the outlet of the cooler 22 is connected to the liquid carbon dioxide collection device 23, and the low pressure outlet of the carbon dioxide turbine 19 is connected to the high temperature side of the high temperature heat exchanger 7 Low pressure carbon dioxide inlet, high temperature heat exchanger 7 low pressure carbon dioxide outlet connected to the second water separator 24 inlet, second water separator 24 outlet connected to low temperature heat exchanger 6 low pressure carbon dioxide inlet, low temperature heat exchanger 6 low pressure carbon dioxide outlet connected to carbon dioxide circulation pump 17 inlet; 15 outlet of liquefied natural gas storage tank connected to 16 inlet of liquefied natural gas pump, 16 outlet of liquefied natural gas pump connected to low temperature heat exchanger 6 natural gas inlet, low temperature heat exchanger 6 natural gas outlet connected to high temperature heat exchanger 7 natural gas inlet, high temperature heat exchanger 7 natural gas outlets are connected to combustion chamber 18 natural gas inlets.
本实施例提供的集成二氧化碳循环与液化空气储能的调峰发电系统使用时的具体步骤如下：The specific steps for using the peak-shaving power generation system integrating carbon dioxide cycle and liquefied air energy storage provided in this embodiment are as follows:
液空储能子系统中的空分装置1持续运行，并且在用电低谷或者电力过剩时段调高产量，在用电高峰时调低产量，电力以最经济的方式用于制备液氧和液氮，分别储存于液氧储罐3和液氮储罐2中。将切换阀14调节至储热装置12仅与空分装置1连通的位置，传热介质泵13运行，通过传热介质将空分装置1中压缩气体的热量传递至储热装置12中进行储存。The air separation unit 1 in the liquid-air energy storage subsystem continues to operate, and the output is increased during the low power consumption period or the power surplus period, and the production is decreased during the peak power consumption period. The power is used to prepare liquid oxygen and liquid oxygen in the most economical way. Nitrogen is stored in the liquid oxygen storage tank 3 and the liquid nitrogen storage tank 2 respectively. Adjust the switching valve 14 to the position where the heat storage device 12 is only in communication with the air separation device 1, and the heat transfer medium pump 13 operates to transfer the heat of the compressed gas in the air separation device 1 to the heat storage device 12 for storage through the heat transfer medium .
液空储能子系统和超临界二氧化碳循环子系统在电网调峰时快速启动，同时，将切换阀14调节至储热装置12仅与高温换热器7连通的位置，传热介质泵13运行，通过传热介质将储热装置12中的热量传递给高温换热器7。The air-liquid energy storage subsystem and the supercritical carbon dioxide circulation subsystem start quickly when the power grid peaks, and at the same time, adjust the switching valve 14 to the position where the heat storage device 12 is only connected to the high-temperature heat exchanger 7, and the heat transfer medium pump 13 is running , transfer the heat in the heat storage device 12 to the high temperature heat exchanger 7 through the heat transfer medium.
液氮泵4将液氮升压至10MPa，液氮经过低温换热器6加热，再经高温换热器7进一步加热升温，再经高压氮气透平8膨胀做功，压力降至2MPa，然后经高温换热器7再热，再经低压氮气透平10膨胀做功，排气进入氮气收集装置9，高压氮气透平8和低压氮气透平10推动第一发电机11产生电力；液氧泵5将液氧升压至35MPa，液氧经过低温换热器6加热，再经高温换热器7进一步加热升温，最后进入燃烧室18与天然气燃烧；液化天然气泵16将液化天然气升压至35MPa以上，液化天然气经过低温换热器6加热，再经高温换热器7进一步加热升温，最后进入燃烧室18燃烧；同时，将切换阀14调节至储热装置12仅与再热器9连通的位置，传热介质泵13运行，通过传热介质将储热装置12中的热量传递给再热器9；二氧化碳循环泵17将液体二氧化碳工质增压至35MPa，液体二氧化碳工质经高温换热器7加热，再进入燃烧室18升温至1100℃，燃烧室18排出的混合气进入二氧化碳透平19膨胀做功，二氧化碳透平19推动第二发电机20产生电力，二氧化碳透平19高压出口抽出燃烧产生的多余二氧化碳，这股二氧化碳压力约为4MPa，经高温换热器7释放余热，再经第一水分离器21除湿，最后经冷却器22冷却成液体储存于液体二氧化碳收集装置23，二氧化碳透平19低压排气口排出的二氧化碳压力为0.8MPa，经高温换热器7释放余热，再经第二水分离器24除湿，再经低温换热器6液化(残余水分凝结成冰，在停机时清除)，最后回到二氧化碳循环泵17。第一发电机11和第二发电机20共同提供调峰电力。The liquid nitrogen pump 4 boosts the liquid nitrogen to 10MPa. The liquid nitrogen is heated by the low-temperature heat exchanger 6, then further heated by the high-temperature heat exchanger 7, and then expanded by the high-pressure nitrogen turbine 8 to perform work, and the pressure drops to 2MPa. The high-temperature heat exchanger 7 reheats, and then expands through the low-pressure nitrogen turbine 10 to perform work, and the exhaust gas enters the nitrogen collection device 9. The high-pressure nitrogen turbine 8 and the low-pressure nitrogen turbine 10 drive the first generator 11 to generate electricity; the liquid oxygen pump 5 The liquid oxygen is boosted to 35MPa, the liquid oxygen is heated by the low-temperature heat exchanger 6, then further heated by the high-temperature heat exchanger 7, and finally enters the combustion chamber 18 to burn with natural gas; the liquefied natural gas pump 16 boosts the pressure of the liquefied natural gas to above 35MPa , the liquefied natural gas is heated by the low-temperature heat exchanger 6, further heated by the high-temperature heat exchanger 7, and finally enters the combustion chamber 18 for combustion; at the same time, the switch valve 14 is adjusted to a position where the heat storage device 12 is only in communication with the reheater 9 , the heat transfer medium pump 13 is running, and the heat in the heat storage device 12 is transferred to the reheater 9 through the heat transfer medium; the carbon dioxide circulation pump 17 pressurizes the liquid carbon dioxide working medium to 35MPa, and the liquid carbon dioxide working medium passes through the high temperature heat exchanger 7 heating, and then enter the combustion chamber 18 to raise the temperature to 1100 ° C, the mixed gas discharged from the combustion chamber 18 enters the carbon dioxide turbine 19 to expand and do work, the carbon dioxide turbine 19 pushes the second generator 20 to generate electricity, and the high pressure outlet of the carbon dioxide turbine 19 is drawn out for combustion to generate The excess carbon dioxide, the pressure of this carbon dioxide is about 4MPa, releases the waste heat through the high temperature heat exchanger 7, then dehumidifies through the first water separator 21, and finally cools it into a liquid through the cooler 22 and stores it in the liquid carbon dioxide collection device 23, and the carbon dioxide turbine 19 The pressure of the carbon dioxide discharged from the low-pressure exhaust port is 0.8MPa, the waste heat is released through the high-temperature heat exchanger 7, then dehumidified by the second water separator 24, and then liquefied by the low-temperature heat exchanger 6 (residual moisture condenses into ice, when the machine stops Clear), get back to the carbon dioxide circulation pump 17 at last. The first generator 11 and the second generator 20 jointly provide peak-shaving power.
通过上述运行方式，液空储能子系统在低谷时储存的电力在调峰时释放，并将天然气的能量在调峰时由超临界二氧化碳循环转换为电力，系统储能量大，调峰能力强。Through the above operation mode, the electricity stored in the air liquid energy storage subsystem at the time of trough is released during peak shaving, and the energy of natural gas is converted from supercritical carbon dioxide cycle into electricity during peak shaving. The system has large energy storage and strong peak shaving ability .
应当理解的是，虽然在这里可能使用量术语“第一”、“第二”等等来描述各个单元，但是这些单元不应当受这些术语限制。使用这些术语仅仅是为了将一个单元与另一个单元进行区分。举例来说，在不背离示例性实施例的范围的情况下，第一单元可以被称为第二单元，并且类似地第二单元可以被称为第一单元。It will be understood that, although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments.
以上所述，仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例，并非对本实用新型任何形式上和实质上的限制，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本实用新型方法的前提下，还将可以做出若干改进和补充，这些改进和补充也应视为本实用新型的保护范围。凡熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本实用新型的精神和范围的情况下，当可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化，均为本实用新型的等效实施例；同时，凡依据本实用新型的实质技术对上述实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变，均仍属于本实用新型的技术方案的范围内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not any formal and substantial limitation of the utility model. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the utility model , and several improvements and supplements can also be made, and these improvements and supplements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model. Those who are familiar with this profession, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, can make use of the technical content disclosed above to make some changes, modifications and equivalent changes of evolution, which are all equivalent changes of this utility model. New equivalent embodiments; at the same time, all changes, modifications and evolutions of any equivalent changes made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the substantive technology of the utility model still belong to the scope of the technical solution of the utility model.
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| CN113670003A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-19 | 北京科技大学 | High-safety energy storage, power generation and substance recovery external compression air separation process flow |
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| CN109812304A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-28 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | Peak shaving power generation system and method integrating carbon dioxide cycle and air liquefied energy storage |
| CN109812304B (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2023-08-29 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | Peak-shaving power generation system and method integrating carbon dioxide cycle and liquefied air energy storage |
| CN113670003A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-19 | 北京科技大学 | High-safety energy storage, power generation and substance recovery external compression air separation process flow |
| CN113670003B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-08-09 | 北京科技大学 | High-safety energy storage, power generation and substance recovery external compression air separation process flow |
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