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CN1625663A - 连续变速传动系统 - Google Patents

连续变速传动系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1625663A
CN1625663A CNA038031094A CN03803109A CN1625663A CN 1625663 A CN1625663 A CN 1625663A CN A038031094 A CNA038031094 A CN A038031094A CN 03803109 A CN03803109 A CN 03803109A CN 1625663 A CN1625663 A CN 1625663A
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output shaft
input shaft
shaft
train
output
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A·D·德夫雷塔斯
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Torotrak Development Ltd
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Torotrak Development Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H37/086—CVT using two coaxial friction members cooperating with at least one intermediate friction member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/088—Power split variators with summing differentials, with the input of the CVT connected or connectable to the input shaft
    • F16H2037/0886—Power split variators with summing differentials, with the input of the CVT connected or connectable to the input shaft with switching means, e.g. to change ranges

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Friction Gearing (AREA)

Abstract

一种多速段的连续变速传动系统，具有输入轴(16)，以及同轴设置的变速器和两个行星齿轮系(E1，E2)，以便向同轴的两个输出轴(20，26)提供动力。通过与系统的输出轴(22)同轴地设置的高速段离合器(H)或低速段离合器(L)，使得出自同轴的输出轴(20，26)的动力选择性地连接至偏置的系统输出轴(22)。

Description

连续变速传动系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种例如用在机动车中的多速段连续变速传动系统(简称CVT)。
背景技术
在欧洲专利公开文献EP-A-0149892中公开了这种类型的CVT系统。所公开的这种系统的优点在于其“同轴性”，即该系统的输入轴和输出轴、CVT单元(变速器)、以及两个行星齿轮系都是同轴设置的，它具有紧凑和简单的优点。然而，尤其是在小型车辆中，用来容纳传动装置的空间通常是有限的，使用同轴的CVT系统可能无法容易地将动力传递至被动车轮。
发明内容
根据本发明，提供了一种多速段的连续变速传动系统，它包括：
系统的输入轴；
同轴地连接于所述系统输入轴的一个连续变速传动单元(变速器)，它具有与系统输入轴同轴设置的变速器输出轴；
同轴地连接于所述系统输入轴和变速器输出轴的齿轮装置，它具有与系统输入轴同轴设置的第一和第二齿轮系输出轴；
相对于系统输入轴偏置设置的系统输出轴；以及
与系统输出轴同轴设置的第一和第二离合器，用于选择性地将出自第一或第二齿轮系输出轴的动力连接至系统输出轴。
所提供的这种其变速器与齿轮装置同轴结合，且具有偏置的系统输出轴的结构，它具有许多的优点。
首先，变速器具有与同轴设计相关的各项优点，如长度减小、更加紧凑、刚性提高等，与此同时，偏置的系统输出轴使得能够从输出轴的任何一端或者同时从其两端获取动力，后者尤其有益于四轮驱动的应用场合；其次，与全部同轴的设计相比，本发明能够进一步减小长度。
在一个实施例中，齿轮装置包括：混合式第一行星齿轮系，它具有分别由系统输入轴和变速器所驱动的两个输入件，以及与系统输入轴同轴设置的、构成了第一齿轮系输出轴的第一行星齿轮系输出轴；
第二行星齿轮系，它具有由系统输入轴所驱动的输入件，以及与系统输入轴同轴设置的、构成了第二齿轮系输出轴的第二行星齿轮系输出轴。
系统的输出轴最好设置成平行于系统的输入轴。
在一个实施例中，第一和第二离合器可以选择性地接合于一个与系统输出轴相连的、公共的离合器输出盘。
出自第一或第二行星齿轮系输出轴的动力最好分别传递至第一或第二离合器的一侧。
最好是当第一离合器接合时将传动系统置于其低速段，而当第二离合器接合时将传动系统置于其高速段。
本发明还包括配备了依照本发明传动系统的机动车辆。
附图概述
下面参照附图仅以举例的方式来描述本发明的特定实施例，其中：
图1的示意图表示了本发明的连续变速传动装置的一个实施例；以及
图2表示了图1所示装置的工作原理。
具体实施方式
首先参见图1，连续变速传动装置包括已知的环形轨道滚动牵引型变速器V，它具有两个分别设置在变速器一端的环形内凹盘10，以及类似的一对输出盘12，两个输出盘一同转动并且每个输出盘面对着相应的一个输入盘10。几组滚子14安装在相互面对的输入盘10和输出盘12之间，以便通过滚子14的倾斜以可变的传动比将动力从输入盘10传递至输出盘12。
输入盘10连接于系统的输入轴16并且受其驱动。通过一个与输入轴16同轴的、管状的变速器输出轴18，变速器提供其输出动力。输出轴18的远离变速器V的那端驱动着混合式第一行星齿轮系E1的太阳轮S1。齿轮系E1的支承着行星齿轮P1的行星架C1连接于输入轴16并且受其驱动，行星齿轮P1与环形齿轮A1相啮合，后者连接至与系统的输入轴16同轴设置的、管状的第一中间输出传动轴20。第一输出传动轴20可以选择性地通过低速段离合器L而连接于系统的输出轴22。如同将要说明的那样，该输出轴22偏置于并且平行于系统的输入轴16。
第一行星轮系E1的太阳轮S1、行星齿轮P1和行星架C1还分别构成了第二行星轮系E2的输入太阳轮、行星齿轮和行星架。其上装载着行星齿轮P1的每个管轴24，均在其另一端装载着另一个行星齿轮P1’，行星齿轮P1’与连接至第二中间输出传动轴26的输出太阳轮S2相啮合。第二中间输出传动轴26则设置成与系统的输入轴16同轴，并且位于第一中间输出传动轴20的内部。第一和第二行星齿轮系E1、E2的行星齿轮P1、P1’和/或太阳轮S1、S2可以是相同尺寸的(这有助于降低成本)，也可以是不同尺寸的(以实现输出传动比的变化)。如同将要说明的那样，第二中间输出传动轴26可以选择性地通过高速段离合器H而连接于系统的输出轴22。
这样，同轴设置的变速器V和两个行星齿轮系E1、E2产生了两个同轴的中间输出轴20、26。出自第一中间输出轴20的动力从该输出轴通过输出轴20上的输出齿轮30、中间齿轮32(它使转动方向反向)、以及离合器输入齿轮34而传递至低速段离合器L的一侧28。所述的离合器输入齿轮34位于同轴地设置在系统输出轴22上的、管状的低速段离合器输入轴36上。
出自第二中间输出轴26的动力从该输出轴通过输出轴26上的输出齿轮40、以及高速段离合器输入齿轮42而传递至高速段离合器H的一侧38。所述的高速段离合器输入齿轮42位于同轴地设置在系统输出轴22上的、管状的高速段离合器输入轴44上。
按照需要，通过接合低速段离合器L或高速段离合器H，出自第一中间输出轴20或第二中间输出轴26的动力就传递至与系统的输出轴22一起转动的离合器公共盘46。这样就可以通过适当地控制两个离合器L、H而将出自第一或第二中间传动轴20、26的动力传递至系统的输出轴22。
图1实施例的运行示意性地表示在图2中。
本发明所提供的与同轴的变速器/行星齿轮系组合(V，E1，E2)相偏置的系统输出轴22，使得能够根据需要而从系统输出轴22的任何一端获得该系统的输出动力(分别对于前轮驱动车辆和后轮驱动车辆而言)，或者从输出轴22的两端获得动力(对于四轮驱动车辆而言)，而且还提供了同轴的变速器/行星齿轮系组合所提供的许多优点。
本发明并不局限于上述实施例的细节。例如，尽管系统的输出轴22被描述成平行于系统的输入轴16，但例如也可以是系统的输出轴22倾斜于系统输入轴16，以适应传动装置可能的空间。另外，尽管两个离合器L、H是相互叠合在一起的(即，它们啮合于一个公共的输出盘46)，但也可以使两个离合器分开，沿着系统输出轴22的长度方向彼此分离。
另外，还可以使用环形轨道滚动牵引型变速器以外的其它变速器。更进一步，尽管已对两个速度段的传动装置进行了描述，但通过选择适当的附加行星齿轮系和速度段离合器，本发明也可适用于三速度段或更多速度段的传动装置。
而且，根据所要求的输出轴22的转动方向，中间齿轮30、32、34可以如所述那样用于低速段输出；或者也可以用于高速段的输出，并且使得传动装置的输出反向。在这种情况下，低速段的输出可通过传统的不反向的齿轮组而获得。

Claims (7)

1.一种多速段的连续变速传动系统，它包括：
系统的输入轴；
同轴地连接于所述系统输入轴的一个连续变速传动单元(变速器)，它具有与系统输入轴同轴设置的变速器输出轴；
同轴地连接于所述系统输入轴和变速器输出轴的齿轮装置，它具有与系统输入轴同轴设置的第一和第二齿轮系输出轴；
相对于系统输入轴偏置设置的系统输出轴；以及
与系统输出轴同轴设置的第一和第二离合器，用于选择性地将出自第一或第二齿轮系输出轴的动力连接至系统输出轴。
2.如权利要求1所述的传动系统，其特征在于，所述的齿轮装置包括：
混合式第一行星齿轮系，它具有分别由系统输入轴和变速器所驱动的输入件，以及与系统输入轴同轴设置的、构成了第一齿轮系输出轴的第一行星齿轮系输出轴；
第二行星齿轮系，它具有由系统输入轴所驱动的输入件，以及与系统输入轴同轴设置的、构成了第二齿轮系输出轴的第二行星齿轮系输出轴。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的传动系统，其特征在于，系统的输出轴设置成平行于系统的输入轴。
4.如前面任何一项权利要求所述的传动系统，其特征在于，第一和第二离合器可以选择性地接合于一个与系统输出轴相连的、公共的离合器输出盘。
5.如前面任何一项权利要求所述的传动系统，其特征在于，出自第一或第二行星齿轮系输出轴的动力分别通过齿轮传递至第一和第二离合器的一侧。
6.如前面任何一项权利要求所述的传动系统，其特征在于，第一离合器接合时将传动系统置于其低速段；第二离合器接合时将传动系统置于其高速段。
7.一种配备了前面任何一项权利要求所述的传动系统的机动车辆。
CNA038031094A 2002-02-01 2003-01-28 连续变速传动系统 Pending CN1625663A (zh)

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GB0202346.3 2002-02-01
GB0202346A GB2384835B (en) 2002-02-01 2002-02-01 Continuously variable transmission system

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BR (1) BR0307318A (zh)
GB (1) GB2384835B (zh)
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ZA200406126B (en) 2006-09-27
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KR20040082406A (ko) 2004-09-24
RU2004126433A (ru) 2005-10-27

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