CN1389103A

CN1389103A - Breeding method of azalea variety Ziyan

Info

Publication number: CN1389103A
Application number: CN 02133434
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张长芹; 罗吉凤
Original assignee: Kunming Institute of Botany of CAS
Current assignee: Kunming Institute of Botany of CAS
Priority date: 2002-07-04
Filing date: 2002-07-04
Publication date: 2003-01-08
Anticipated expiration: 2022-07-04
Also published as: CN1175727C

Abstract

The present invention relates to a selection-breeding method of rhdododendron purple gorgeous, which includes cutting the cutting of the rhododendron simsii into 6-8 cm in length in 6-8 month every year, remaining 2-3 leaves and removing unnecessary leaves, and inserting the cutting into the prepared cutting bed containing humus soil, river sand and pearlite according to the mixing ratio of 1:1:1, when the cutting is made, the cutting is washed through, inserting said cutting, watering once, covering cutting bed, after 2 months transplanting in seedling-breeding bag and then transplanting in pot in March next year.

Description

A kind of selection of azalea variety Jinzhizhu

Technical field: the invention belongs to plant breeding seed selection field, particularly, relate to a kind of selection of azalea variety Jinzhizhu.

Background technology: Chinese azalea Rhododendron molle is distributed in Chinese Central China, is more common in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, rarely in Sichuan, Yunnan, occasionally in North Guangdong and south, Jiangxi.This kind is one of Chinese kind of early cultivating, many new varieties that the overseas utilization Chinese azalea has been parent culture.The cultivation of at present relevant Chinese azalea is also commonplace, and for fallen leaves class cuckoo, its breeding objective emphasis is in the dwarfing and pattern breeding of strain shape.Because of this kind also has many kinds both at home and abroad, according to FRED C.GALLEA shown＜AZALEA one book, the report of the mutational variety Jinzhizhu that the Chinese azalea of still having no way of selects.

Summary of the invention: the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of selection that selects Jinzhizhu from azalea Chinese azalea Rhododendronmolle.

In order to realize purpose of the present invention, the invention provides following technical scheme:

A kind of selection of azalea variety Jinzhizhu, from the Chinese azalea Rhododendron molle seedling of sowing, select mutational variety, select sowing to bloom after 3 years, pattern band golden yellow after blooming, with the gilvous of original seed Chinese azalea bigger difference is arranged, gather seed, dry naturally, when treating that the seed nature is scattered from fruit, seed is trembled in the humus soil that sieved; Or just broadcast after in the greenhouse, adopting, treat seed sprouting, when growing to 3-4cm, seedling carries out dividing the first time seedling, and spacing in the rows 3-4cm treated to carry out dividing the second time seedling when seedling grows to 7-8cm, and seedling is transplanted in the basin, executed one time nitrogenous fertilizer, fertilizing amount 0 seedling stage every 10 days.5% is comparatively suitable, gathers branch when 7-8 month is treated the branch semi-lignified and carry out cuttage, and the length to 8-10cm is cut in cutting, inserts in the ready slotting machine, then slotting machine covered to keep humidity with plastic film, and spray water every morning.

According to described selection, collect seed the October in every year, after the seed collecting fruit is put in the room ventilation place and dries naturally.

Further specify essentiality content of the present invention with embodiments of the invention below, but content of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Embodiment 1:

Breed of variety method (pedigree, cultivation program and the explanation of use parent propagation material):

Jinzhizhu is the mutational variety that selects from the Chinese azalea seedling of sowing, it is the cultivar that from by artificial seeding's seedling, selects, select the Chinese azalea sowing to bloom after 3 years, pattern band golden yellow is found in the back of blooming, and with the gilvous of original seed Chinese azalea bigger difference is arranged, with sowing or cottage propagation, seed propagation: collect seed the October every year, after the seed collecting fruit is put in the room ventilation place and dries naturally, when treating that the seed nature is scattered from fruit, seed is trembled in ready basin.To sow soil before the sowing earlier and be ready to, general better with the humus soil that sieved, it is too full that basin soil is not adorned, in order to avoid seed is sprayed outside the basin when watering.Just broadcast after can adopting if any the greenhouse, can shorten the growth cycle of plant like this.Germinateed in after planting general 17-20 days, and treated to carry out when seedling grows to 3-4cm dividing the first time seedling, spacing in the rows 3-4cm treated to carry out when seedling grows to 7-8cm dividing the second time seedling, preferably seedling is transplanted in the plastic basin of 10cm, executed one time nitrogenous fertilizer, fertilizing amount 0 seedling stage every 10 days.5% is comparatively suitable.

Gather branch during the annual branch semi-lignified for the treatment of this kind 7-8 month and carry out cuttage, cutting is cut to 8-10cm long, be inserted into then in the ready slotting machine, then slotting machine is covered to keep humidity with plastic film, spray water every morning.Can take root after 60 days.

The cultivation of Jinzhizhu will be noted fertilising in seedling stage, approach fertile duty and execute, and executes one time 0,5% nitrogenous fertilizer every 10 days and can promote growth, is also noted that pruning except that applying fertilizer, and carries out the pruning first time after blooming, to keep the good strain shape of this kind.

Jinzhizhu is through cultivation and offspring's pattern of cottage propagation are constant for many years, and proterties is basicly stable, and identical with Chinese azalea is that the flower posterior lobe is that petal goes out prior to leaf earlier, and when petal was opened, leaf also grew.It is a kind of potted plant good material of making scape with open country of viewing and admiring that collects.

Help to distinguish other situations of kind:

Resistance capacity (damage by disease and insect, saline and alkaline etc.)

This kind is poisonous so diseases and insect pests resistance is stronger because of leaf.

The specified conditions of kind test

Carry out in azalea domestication base, it is most of azalea kinds that contrast is planted.

The explanation of Jinzhizhu varietY specificity, uniformity, stability

The specificity of this kind, uniformity, stability show:

1, machaka, total shape umbel is given birth on the top, and every inflorescence has colored 10-13, the petal Chinese red.Flower

Lobe outside Chinese red, the inner face gilvous,

2, column cap head, redness.

3, through to basin surplus 150, the observation in 16 years, petal and pattern are Chinese reds always.

Above-mentioned proterties stable and consistent.

The zone of suitable planting (environment, culture technique main points):

Preferablyly grow under 20% shade rate in the suitable most of areas in the temperate zone of planting of Jinzhizhu.Requirement humidity is 30-40%.Suitable soil is to be rich in organic detritus soil, PH4.5-5.The cultivation of Jinzhizhu will be noted fertilising in seedling stage, approach fertile duty and execute, and executes one time 0,5% nitrogenous fertilizer every 10 days and can promote growth, is also noted that pruning except that applying fertilizer, and carries out the pruning first time after blooming, to keep the good strain shape of this kind.

Jinzhizhu is a kind of machaka, plants but also can be potted plant view and admire open country, and open country is planted and will be noted covering ground.This kind in the March in every year Hua Xianye open, or floral leaf launches simultaneously, it is dazzling especially that flavous inflorescence is equipped with emerald blade, suitable mass-planting, mass-planting is golden yellow a slice when the flowers are in blossom, and is lush.Be suitable for that scape is made in the park and garden beautifies, preferably and evergreen tree place a place, can remedy the deficiency of Jinzhizhu fallen leaves in winter.

The description of close kind (Chinese azalea): original seed: Chinese azalea Rhododendron molle root is a fibrous root, machaka, high by 1,5-2m, leaf soft leather matter, long 6-9cm, wide by 1,8-4,5cm, the top is blunt, and the spur head is arranged, and give birth on the inflorescence top, umbel has colored 5-12, the wide infundibulate of corolla, long 4.5 centimetres, diameter 5-6 centimetre, yellow, in the buff spot is arranged, style reaches 6 centimetres.The column cap green.Florescence is the 3-4 month.Fruit is a capsule.

The kind that selects (Jinzhizhu: description Jinzhizhu): Jinzhizhu: the Jinzhizhu root is a fibrous root, machaka, and high 60-80cm, the leaf papery, long 5-11cm, wide 2-4cm, umbel is given birth on the top, has colored 7-13; The corolla tubulose is bell, and long 3-35 centimetre, diameter 4-5 centimetre, outside golden yellow, inner face gilvous, immaculate.Style 4-5 centimetre, slightly stretch out corolla, the column cap aubergine.Florescence and Chinese azalea are together.Fruit is a capsule.

The difference of new varieties Jinzhizhu and original seed Chinese azalea Rhododendron molle is: the corolla outside of new varieties Jinzhizhu is golden yellow, the inner face gilvous, and immaculates etc. are different with original seed.

Claims

1, a kind of selection of azalea variety Jinzhizhu, it is characterized in that from the Chinese azalea Rhododendron molle seedling of sowing, selecting mutational variety, select sowing to bloom after 3 years, pattern band golden yellow after blooming, with the gilvous of original seed Chinese azalea bigger difference is arranged, gather seed, dry naturally, when treating that the seed nature is scattered from fruit, seed is trembled in the humus soil that sieved; Or just broadcast after in the greenhouse, adopting, treat seed sprouting, when growing to 3-4cm, seedling carries out dividing the first time seedling, and spacing in the rows 3-4cm treated to carry out dividing the second time seedling when seedling grows to 7-8cm, and seedling is transplanted in the basin, executed one time nitrogenous fertilizer, fertilizing amount 0 seedling stage every 10 days.5% is comparatively suitable, gathers branch when 7-8 month is treated the branch semi-lignified and carry out cuttage, and the length to 8-10cm is cut in cutting, inserts in the ready slotting machine, then slotting machine covered to keep humidity with plastic film, and spray water every morning.

2, selection according to claim 1 is characterized in that collecting seed the October in every year, after the seed collecting fruit is put in the room ventilation place and dries naturally.