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CN113977088A - Selective laser scraping device and method - Google Patents

Selective laser scraping device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113977088A
CN113977088A CN202111397500.XA CN202111397500A CN113977088A CN 113977088 A CN113977088 A CN 113977088A CN 202111397500 A CN202111397500 A CN 202111397500A CN 113977088 A CN113977088 A CN 113977088A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
scraping
selective laser
laser
portal frame
sliding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202111397500.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
叶建根
张超
胥祥亮
单正飞
王传洋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Suzhou Qunzhi Machinery Equipment Co ltd
Suzhou University
Original Assignee
Suzhou Qunzhi Machinery Equipment Co ltd
Suzhou University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Suzhou Qunzhi Machinery Equipment Co ltd, Suzhou University filed Critical Suzhou Qunzhi Machinery Equipment Co ltd
Priority to CN202111397500.XA priority Critical patent/CN113977088A/en
Publication of CN113977088A publication Critical patent/CN113977088A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C1/00Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B05C1/02Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702Auxiliary equipment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a selective laser scraping device and a selective laser scraping method, which comprise a lathe bed system, a portal frame and a first spindle system, wherein the portal frame is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the lathe bed system, an X-axis guide rail is arranged at the top of the portal frame, the first spindle system is in sliding connection with the portal frame through the X-axis guide rail, the first spindle system comprises a laser processing head, a motor, a first sliding table and a first sliding saddle, the laser processing head is connected with the first sliding table through the motor, the motor drives the laser processing head to rotate, and the first sliding table is in sliding connection with the first sliding saddle. The scraping device provided by the invention adopts the focused high-energy laser beam to process the scraped surface, replaces the traditional metal scraper, has high stability, and does not have the deformation problem of the laser scraper. Meanwhile, the scraping device integrates the functions of data acquisition, display agent coating, cleaning, air drying and the like, and provides a new digital solution idea of the scraping process.

Description

Selective laser scraping device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-end precision equipment manufacturing, in particular to a selective laser scraping device and a selective laser scraping method.
Background
The lapping is a finishing process in which a workpiece is processed by hand while measuring a point by a doctor blade, a reference surface, a measuring tool and a developer to meet the requirements of a size, a geometry, a surface roughness and an adhesion which are technically specified. The tools used are simple, have high versatility and small machining allowance, and have high precision, so that the method is widely applied to the manufacture of machines and tools and the repair work of mechanical equipment. The guide rail, carriage and bush of sliding bearing of machine tool are all finished by scraping method.
The key parts are core parts of the high-end precision equipment, and the precision of the key parts directly influences the precision of the whole high-end precision equipment. In the manufacturing process of high-end precision equipment, a scraping method is often adopted to treat a bonding surface of a key part, so that the assembly precision of the key part and other parts is improved, and the overall precision of the high-end precision equipment is improved.
The conventional scraping is a finishing process for achieving the technologically specified requirements of size, geometry, surface roughness and adhesion of a workpiece by scraping and measuring in a manual or automated operation using a scraper, a reference surface, a measuring tool and a disclosing agent. The traditional scraping tool adopts a hard metal scraper, the scraper has the deformation problem due to long-term high-intensity friction, and the scraping tool has high requirements on the technical level of a bench worker, high labor intensity, long labor period and no environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the problems that the traditional scraping tool in the prior art adopts a hard metal scraper, and the scraper is deformed due to long-term high-strength friction.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a selective laser scraping device which comprises a bed body system, a portal frame and a first spindle system, wherein the portal frame is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bed body system, an X-axis guide rail is installed at the top of the portal frame, the first spindle system is in sliding connection with the portal frame through the X-axis guide rail, the first spindle system comprises a laser processing head, a motor, a first sliding table and a first saddle, the laser processing head is connected with the first sliding table through the motor, the motor drives the laser processing head to do rotary motion, the first sliding table is in sliding connection with the first saddle, and the first sliding table does linear motion in the vertical direction on the first saddle and is a Z1 axis of the device; the first sliding saddle drives the portal frame to do linear motion in the horizontal direction through the first sliding table, and the axis of the device is X1.
The device is characterized by further comprising a second main shaft system, wherein the second main shaft system comprises a second sliding table, a second saddle, a visual detection system and a coating pen, the second sliding table is connected with the second saddle in a sliding mode, and the second sliding table moves linearly in the vertical direction along the second saddle and is a Z2 axis; the second sliding saddle drives the second sliding table to do linear motion in the horizontal direction along the portal frame, and the axis of the device is X2; the visual detection system is arranged at the bottom end of the sliding table, and the coating pen is arranged on one side of the visual detection system.
Further, the lathe bed system comprises a lathe bed, a Y-axis guide rail and a workbench, the lathe bed is fixed on a foundation through foundation screws, the lathe bed is provided with the Y-axis guide rail, the workbench is arranged on the Y-axis guide rail, and the workbench moves along the horizontal direction on the Y-axis guide rail.
Further, the motor is a DD motor.
Further, the vision detection system is a CCD machine vision system.
Furthermore, the coating pen is made of carbon fiber materials.
Further, the second spindle system comprises a cleaning liquid outlet, and the cleaning liquid outlet is used for outputting 2Mpa of cleaning liquid.
Further, the second main shaft system comprises an air blowing port, and the air blowing port is used for blowing out 0.6Mpa of clean compressed air.
A selective laser scraping method comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a data model of the scraping pattern through computer software, generating a digital processing program of the workpiece, and importing the digital processing program into a control system of the selective laser scraping device;
s2, performing whole laser scraping on the whole surface of the workpiece to generate a pattern of the scraped surface, and coating a layer of display agent on the scraped surface;
s3, detaching the part coated with the display agent from the clamp, lapping the part and a standard tool or a matched part oppositely, measuring the position precision between the reference surface of the part and the standard tool or the matched part, measuring the height value difference of each measuring point and recording data;
s4, collecting the display condition of the scraping surface, converting the bright spots and the dark spots of the scraping surface into digital information which can be identified by a system through software, and importing the digital information into a control system of the device;
s5, cleaning the scraped surface, and then blowing air through compressed air to dry the scraped surface;
s6, setting the bright point area as a processing area by the control system according to the quantity needing to be adjusted and the bright and dark point information of the scraping surface acquired in the steps S3 and S4, converting the pattern designed in the step S4 into the processing area to generate a processing program, and carrying out laser surface scanning scraping processing on the processing area by using the laser processing head;
s7, after the step S6 is finished, a layer of display agent is coated on the scraping surface of the key part, then the part is taken down and the step S3 is repeated, the combination condition of the scraping surfaces is comprehensively considered, the scraping is finished according with the standard, and the steps S4-S6 are continuously repeated when the scraping surface is not in accordance with the standard.
Further, in step S4, the bright points are the measurement points worn after lapping, and the dark points are the measurement points not worn after lapping.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1) the selective laser scraping device disclosed by the invention processes the surface to be scraped by adopting a focused high-energy laser beam, replaces the traditional metal scraper, and has high stability and no deformation problem of the laser scraper.
2) The invention discloses a selective laser scraping device which integrates the functions of data acquisition, display agent coating, cleaning, air drying and the like and provides a new digital solution idea of a scraping process.
3) The selective laser scraping method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, environment-friendly, efficient, exquisite and attractive in scraping pattern and beneficial to large-area popularization.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, the following detailed description of the present disclosure is provided in connection with specific embodiments thereof and the accompanying drawings, in which,
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a selective laser lapping apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a selective laser lapping device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first spindle system of the components of the selective laser lapping device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second spindle system of the components of the selective laser lapping device of the present invention.
The specification reference numbers indicate:
1. a bed system; 11. a bed body; 12. a Y-axis guide rail; 13. a work table;
2. a gantry; 21. an X-axis guide rail;
3. a first spindle system; 31. a laser processing head; 32. a motor; 33. a first sliding table; 34. a first saddle;
4. a second spindle system; 41. a second sliding table; 42. a second saddle; 43. a vision inspection system; 44. a paint pen; 45. a cleaning liquid outlet; 46. and an air blowing opening.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and the examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further improvements to the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the present disclosure, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only relational terms determined for convenience in describing structural relationships of the parts or elements of the present disclosure, and do not refer to any parts or elements of the present disclosure, and are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure. In the present disclosure, terms such as "fixedly connected", "connected", and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and mean either a fixed connection or an integrally connected or detachable connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be determined on a case-by-case basis by persons skilled in the relevant art or technicians, and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a selective laser scraping device includes a bed system 1, a gantry 2, and a first spindle system 3, where the gantry 2 is fixedly mounted on an outer side of the bed system 1, an X-axis guide rail 21 is mounted on a top of the gantry 2, the first spindle system 3 is slidably connected to the gantry 2 through the X-axis guide rail 21, the first spindle system 3 includes a laser processing head 31, a motor 32, a first sliding table 33, and a first saddle 34, the laser processing head 31 is connected to the first sliding table 33 through the motor 32, the motor 32 drives the laser processing head 31 to rotate, the first sliding table 33 is slidably connected to the first saddle 34, and the first sliding table 33 makes a linear motion in a vertical direction on the first saddle 34, which is a Z1 axis; the first sliding saddle 34 drives the first sliding table 33 to make a linear motion in the horizontal direction on the gantry 2, which is an axis of the device X1.
The laser processing head 31 is manufactured by using the principle that a microstructure is formed on the surface of a metal by laser microstructure processing, and is internally provided with optical components such as a beam expander, a reflector, a laser dynamic zooming system, a laser vibrating mirror, a focusing scene and the like, so that the laser path can be focused and scanned in a specified range, and a lubricating microstructure is formed in the processing range.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the apparatus further includes a second spindle system 4, where the second spindle system 4 includes a second sliding table 41, a second saddle 42, a visual inspection system 43, and a paint pen 44, the second sliding table 41 is connected to the second saddle 42 in a sliding manner, and the second sliding table 41 makes a linear motion in a vertical direction along the second saddle 42, which is an axis Z2; the second sliding saddle 42 drives the second sliding table 41 to make a linear motion along the gantry 2 in the horizontal direction, which is an axis X2 of the device; visual detection system 43 locates the slip table bottom, coating pen 44 locates visual detection system 43 one side.
The first main shaft system and the second main shaft system respectively adopt independent driving mechanisms, are not interfered with each other, and respectively process parts on the workbench according to the process flow.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the bed system 1 includes a bed 11, a Y-axis guide rail 12, and a table 13, the bed 11 is fixed to a foundation by anchor screws, the bed 11 is provided with the Y-axis guide rail 12, the Y-axis guide rail 12 is provided with the table 13, and the table 13 moves along a horizontal direction on the Y-axis guide rail 12.
In a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the motor 32 is a DD motor.
In a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the vision inspection system 43 is a CCD machine vision system.
In the preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the paint pen 44 is made of carbon fiber.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the second spindle system 4 includes a cleaning solution outlet 45, which is configured to output a cleaning solution of 2 Mpa.
In the preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the second spindle system 4 includes an air blowing port 46, and the air blowing port 46 is used for blowing out clean compressed air of 0.6 Mpa.
The scraping device provided by the invention adopts the focused high-energy laser beam to process the scraped surface, replaces the traditional metal scraper, has high stability, and does not have the deformation problem of the laser scraper. Meanwhile, the scraping device integrates the functions of data acquisition, display agent coating, cleaning, air drying and the like, and provides a new digital solution idea of the scraping process.
The apparatus of the present invention is further provided with preprocessing software and processing control software dedicated to the scraping apparatus. The main functions of the preprocessing software comprise a scraped pattern processing function, a machining simulation function, a machining program automatic generation function and the like; the main functions of the processing control software include executing a processing program generated by the preprocessing software, and realizing the processing function of the laser scraping device.
The invention also provides a scraping method of the selective laser scraping device, which comprises the following steps:
1. designing a data model of a scraped pattern through computer software, converting the data model into the surface of a three-dimensional model of a workpiece to generate a digital processing program of the workpiece, importing the digital processing program into a control system of a selective laser scraping device, and performing laser scraping processing on the whole surface of the workpiece to generate the pattern of a scraped surface;
2. and moving the right main shaft system to move to the rightmost side of the portal frame along an X1 axis, driving the coating pen to move rightmost along a Z2 axis by the left main shaft system, stopping until the part is scraped and ground, and coating a layer of display agent on the scraped and ground surface by the coating pen according to a specified program.
3. And (3) detaching the part coated with the display agent from the clamp, lapping the part with a standard tool or a matched part, measuring the position precision of the part after lapping by means of a dial indicator, a dial indicator and the like, calculating the amount to be scraped, and recording data.
4. The display condition of the display agent of the scraped surface is acquired by a CCD visual detection system, bright and dark points of the scraped surface are converted into digital information which can be identified by the system through software, and the digital information is led into a control system of the device.
5. The scraped surface is washed and then air-dried by clean air blown by compressed air.
6. And (3) moving the right main shaft system to the upper part of the part along the X1 axis, setting a bright spot area into a processing area by the control system according to the quantity needing to be adjusted and the bright and dark spot information of the scraping surface acquired in the steps 3 and 4, converting the patterns designed in the step 1 into the processing area to generate a processing program, and performing laser surface scanning scraping processing on the processing area by using the laser processing head.
7. After step 6 is finished, coating a layer of display agent on the scraping surface of the key part, then taking down the part and repeating step 3, comprehensively considering the combination condition of the scraping surface, finishing scraping according with the standard, and continuously repeating step 4-step 6 if the scraping surface does not meet the standard.
In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, in step S4, the bright points are measured points of abraded objects after lapping, and the dark points are measured points of unworn objects after lapping.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A selective laser scraping device comprises a bed body system, a portal frame and a first spindle system, wherein the portal frame is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bed body system, an X-axis guide rail is installed at the top of the portal frame, and the first spindle system is in sliding connection with the portal frame through the X-axis guide rail; the first sliding saddle drives the first sliding table to do linear motion in the horizontal direction on the portal frame, and the first sliding table is an axis X1 of the device.
2. The selective laser scraping device of claim 1, further comprising a second spindle system, wherein the second spindle system comprises a second slide table, a second saddle, a visual inspection system and a paint pen, the second slide table is slidably connected to the second saddle, and the second slide table moves linearly along the second saddle in a vertical direction, which is a device axis Z2; the second sliding saddle drives the second sliding table to do linear motion along the portal frame in the horizontal direction through the second sliding table, and the axis of the device is X2; the visual detection system is arranged at the bottom end of the second sliding table, and the coating pen is arranged on one side of the visual detection system.
3. The selective laser scraping device of claim 1, wherein the bed system comprises a bed fixed to a foundation by anchor screws, a Y-axis guide rail provided on the bed, and a table provided on the Y-axis guide rail and moving horizontally along the Y-axis guide rail.
4. The selective laser lapping device of claim 1 wherein said motor is a DD motor.
5. The selective laser lapping device of claim 2, wherein said vision inspection system is a CCD machine vision system.
6. The selective laser scraping apparatus of claim 2, wherein said paint pen is made of carbon fiber material.
7. The selective laser lapping device of claim 2, wherein said second spindle system comprises a cleaning solution outlet for outputting 2Mpa of cleaning solution.
8. The selective laser lapping device of claim 2 wherein the second spindle system comprises a blow port for blowing clean compressed air at 0.6 Mpa.
9. A selective laser scraping method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, designing a data model of the scraping pattern through computer software, generating a digital processing program of the workpiece, and importing the digital processing program into a control system of the selective laser scraping device;
s2, performing whole laser scraping on the whole surface of the workpiece to generate a pattern of the scraped surface, and coating a layer of display agent on the scraped surface;
s3, detaching the part coated with the display agent from the clamp, lapping the part and a standard tool or a matched part oppositely, measuring the position precision between the reference surface of the part and the standard tool or the matched part, measuring the height value difference of each measuring point and recording data;
s4, collecting the display condition of the scraping surface, converting the bright spots and the dark spots of the scraping surface into digital information which can be identified by a system through software, and importing the digital information into a control system of the device;
s5, cleaning the scraped surface, and then blowing air through compressed air to dry the scraped surface;
s6, setting the bright point area as a processing area by the control system according to the quantity needing to be adjusted and the bright and dark point information of the scraping surface acquired in the steps S3 and S4, converting the pattern designed in the step S4 into the processing area to generate a processing program, and carrying out laser surface scanning scraping processing on the processing area by using the laser processing head;
s7, after the step S6 is finished, a layer of display agent is coated on the scraping surface of the key part, then the part is taken down and the step S3 is repeated, the combination condition of the scraping surfaces is comprehensively considered, the scraping is finished according with the standard, and the steps S4-S6 are continuously repeated when the scraping surface is not in accordance with the standard.
10. The selective laser scraping method of claim 9, wherein in step S4, said bright point is a measurement point of wear after grinding, and said dark point is a measurement point of non-wear after grinding.
CN202111397500.XA 2021-11-23 2021-11-23 Selective laser scraping device and method Pending CN113977088A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111397500.XA CN113977088A (en) 2021-11-23 2021-11-23 Selective laser scraping device and method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1199420A (en) * 1997-09-30 1999-04-13 Mori Seiki Co Ltd Combined machine tool
CN101690994A (en) * 2009-09-30 2010-04-07 华中科技大学 Numerical control laser processing device
CN102528170A (en) * 2010-12-27 2012-07-04 浙江大学台州研究院 Automatic scraping device
CN102632456A (en) * 2012-03-30 2012-08-15 苏州江源精密机械有限公司 Plane scraping method based on flatness measurement
US20130190912A1 (en) * 2012-01-20 2013-07-25 Wen-Yuh Jywe Method of numerical-control scraping of a work piece
CN109482982A (en) * 2018-11-06 2019-03-19 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 A kind of plate essence scrapping machine and its smart scraping method
CN211305212U (en) * 2019-12-24 2020-08-21 武汉翔明激光科技有限公司 Equipment for performing laser pretreatment on oxide film before longitudinal seam welding on aluminum alloy material

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1199420A (en) * 1997-09-30 1999-04-13 Mori Seiki Co Ltd Combined machine tool
CN101690994A (en) * 2009-09-30 2010-04-07 华中科技大学 Numerical control laser processing device
CN102528170A (en) * 2010-12-27 2012-07-04 浙江大学台州研究院 Automatic scraping device
US20130190912A1 (en) * 2012-01-20 2013-07-25 Wen-Yuh Jywe Method of numerical-control scraping of a work piece
CN102632456A (en) * 2012-03-30 2012-08-15 苏州江源精密机械有限公司 Plane scraping method based on flatness measurement
CN109482982A (en) * 2018-11-06 2019-03-19 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 A kind of plate essence scrapping machine and its smart scraping method
CN211305212U (en) * 2019-12-24 2020-08-21 武汉翔明激光科技有限公司 Equipment for performing laser pretreatment on oxide film before longitudinal seam welding on aluminum alloy material

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