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CN113764328A - 用于加工晶圆的装置及方法 - Google Patents

用于加工晶圆的装置及方法 Download PDF

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CN113764328A
CN113764328A CN202010489623.5A CN202010489623A CN113764328A CN 113764328 A CN113764328 A CN 113764328A CN 202010489623 A CN202010489623 A CN 202010489623A CN 113764328 A CN113764328 A CN 113764328A
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CN113764328B (zh
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荒见淳一
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Piotech Inc
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Priority to TW110114801A priority patent/TWI782501B/zh
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    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/30Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
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Abstract

本申请涉及用于加工晶圆的装置及方法。在本申请的一实施例中,一种用于加工晶圆的装置包含加热器,其包含基座,所述基座的顶部包含环形边台及相对于所述环形边台下凹以容置晶圆的晶圆载盘;侧环,其包含外侧部分和顶部,所述外侧部分环绕所述基座的外侧壁,所述顶部覆盖所述环形边台的外侧部分且包含向心倾斜面;以及影子环,其底部包含与所述侧环的所述顶部的所述向心倾斜面匹配的倾斜面。

Description

用于加工晶圆的装置及方法
技术领域
本发明涉及半导体晶圆处理领域,尤其是半导体处理腔体中的一种遮挡装置,其在处理过程中是用于防止晶圆周围的沉积。
背景技术
半导体制程可包含沉积处理,例如化学气相沉积(CVD)和等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)等,用以在晶圆或基材上形成各种薄膜以制备半导体装置,例如集成电路及半导体发光装置。可使用基座顶部的晶圆载盘承载晶圆或基材以供沉积处理,基座可进一步配合加热手段对晶圆加热。
沉积过程中,在晶圆边缘未经阻挡或遮蔽的情况下,经沉积处理所形成的薄膜可延伸至晶圆边缘甚至侧面。这部分薄膜可能会与晶圆载盘的陶瓷环的隆起部分碰撞而导致薄膜破裂。破裂造成的颗粒及粉尘会附着在薄膜的表面上形成缺陷。
为此,发展出利用遮挡装置覆盖在晶圆或基材的边缘上方,以防止等离子体沉积在晶圆的边缘乃至侧面。然而,难以确保遮挡装置的中心在沉积过程中始终与晶圆或基材的中心保持对准。一旦发生偏心,遮挡装置对晶圆边缘和侧面的遮挡效果将大打折扣。例如,偏心将导致遮挡不均匀,进而导致在不期望发生沉积的晶圆边缘及侧面出现沉积,而在期望发生沉积的晶圆表面部分未实施有效沉积。
因此,有必要发展一种用于加工晶圆的装置及方法,防止遮挡装置的中心与晶圆或基材的中心在沉积的整个过程中发生偏心。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种用于加工晶圆的装置及方法,以在沉积的整个过程中始终使遮挡装置的中心与晶圆或基材的中心维持自动对准而不发生偏心,且不显著增加成本和工艺复杂度。
本申请的一实施例提供一种用于加工晶圆的装置,其包含:加热器,其包含基座,所述基座的顶部包含环形边台及相对于所述环形边台下凹以容置晶圆的晶圆载盘;侧环,其包含外侧部分和顶部,所述外侧部分环绕所述基座的外侧壁,所述顶部覆盖所述环形边台的外侧部分且包含向心倾斜面;以及影子环,其底部包含与所述侧环的所述顶部的所述向心倾斜面匹配的倾斜面。
本申请的又一实施例提供一种使用上述用于加工晶圆的装置加工晶圆的方法,其包含:将晶圆放置于所述晶圆载盘中;以及升高所述基座及所述侧环,使所述侧环的所述顶部的所述向心倾斜面与所述影子环的所述底部的所述倾斜面接触。
本申请的另一实施例提供一种用于加工晶圆的装置,其包含:加热器,其包含基座,所述基座的顶部包含环形边台及相对于所述环形边台下凹以容置晶圆的晶圆载盘;以及影子环,其包含侧壁和从所述侧壁向内延伸的遮挡部,当所述影子环架设在所述基座上时,所述侧壁环绕所述基座的外侧壁,且所述遮挡部覆盖并延伸超过所述环形边台。
本申请的仍一实施例提供使用上述用于加工晶圆的装置加工晶圆的方法,其包含:将晶圆放置于所述晶圆载盘中;以及升高所述基座,使所述基座与所述影子环的所述遮挡部接触。
应了解,本发明的广泛形式及其各自特征可以结合使用、可互换及/或独立使用,并且不用于限制参考单独的广泛形式。
附图说明
图1显示向晶圆加工装置提供晶圆的部分截面图。
图2显示将晶圆纳入至晶圆加工装置的晶圆载盘的部分截面图。
图3显示晶圆加工装置的侧环与影子环匹配嵌合的部分截面图。
图4显示晶圆加工装置将晶圆移至预定加工位置的部分截面图。
图5显示晶圆加工装置完成图3所示嵌合的局部放大图。
图6为图1~图5所示的影子环的结构示意图。
图7为图6所示的影子环的半切结构示意图。
图8为图1~图5所示的侧环的结构示意图。
图9为图8所示的侧环的半切结构示意图。
图10显示向另一晶圆加工装置提供晶圆的部分截面图。
图11显示将晶圆纳入至另一晶圆加工装置的晶圆载盘的部分截面图。
图12显示另一晶圆加工装置的基座与影子环匹配嵌合的部分截面图。
图13显示另一晶圆加工装置将晶圆移至预定加工位置的部分截面图。
图14显示另一晶圆加工装置完成图12所示嵌合的局部放大图。
图15为图10~图13所示的影子环的结构示意图。
图16为图15所示的影子环的半切结构示意图。
图17显示图14~图16中包含螺钉和防磨球的影子环的局部放大图。
具体实施方式
为更好地理解本发明的精神,以下结合本发明的部分优选实施例对其作进一步说明。
在本说明书中,除非经特别指定或限定之外,相对性的用词例如:“中央的”、“纵向的”、“侧向的”、“前方的”、“后方的”、“右方的”、“左方的”、“内部的”、“外部的”、“较低的”、“较高的”、“水平的”、“垂直的”、“高于”、“低于”、“上方”、“下方”、“顶部的”、“底部的”以及其衍生性的用词(例如“水平地”、“向下地”、“向上地”等等)应该解释成引用在讨论中所描述或在附图中所描示的方向。这些相对性的用词仅用于描述上的方便,且并不要求将本申请以特定的方向建构或操作。
以下详细地讨论本发明的各种实施方式。尽管讨论了具体的实施,但是应当理解,这些实施方式仅用于示出的目的。相关领域中的技术人员将认识到,在不偏离本发明的精神和保护范围的情况下,可以使用其他部件和配置。
图1显示晶圆加工装置100的部分截面图,晶圆加工装置100例如可用于实施沉积处理。
晶圆加工装置100包含加热器101,加热器101可对晶圆进行加热以促进沉积处理。当可理解,加热器101也可不具有或不开启加热功能。加热器可为陶瓷加热器、铝加热器或任何适用的加热器。加热器101的顶部包含基座102,基座102的顶部包含环形边台103及晶圆载盘104,晶圆载盘104相对于环形边台103下凹以容置或收纳晶圆105。从俯视视角观察,环形边台103环绕或围封晶圆载盘104。当晶圆载盘104容置或收纳晶圆105时,环形边台103同时环绕或围封晶圆载盘104及其中的晶圆105。在一实施例中,基座102的晶圆载盘104区域内可包含通孔106和升降销107,通孔106贯穿基座102,升降销107可在通孔106中做升降运动。通孔106顶部可具有收纳槽,升降销107顶部可具有突出部,升降销107可因其突出部收入通孔106的收纳槽而停止下降运动。尽管图1仅示出一个通孔106和一个升降销107,本领域技术人员可理解圆载盘104区域内可包含更多数量的通孔106和升降销107。
晶圆加工装置100还包含侧环108,侧环108架设在加热器101的基座102的边缘上。侧环108包含外侧部分108a和顶部108b。外侧部分108a环绕基座102的外侧壁,因而侧环108与基座102及其上的晶圆载盘104可实现中心对准。顶部108b覆盖环形边台103的外侧部分并包含向心倾斜面。
晶圆加工装置100进一步包含影子环109,影子环109的底部包含与侧环108的顶部108b的向心倾斜面相匹配的倾斜面。影子环还可包括从所述倾斜面向外延伸的支撑部。在图1所示实施例中,侧环108与加热器101的基座102均位于影子环109下方并与影子环109分离。晶圆105在升降销107的支撑下悬置于晶圆载盘104上方。
在一优选实施例中,晶圆加工装置100可包含泵环110。可在由晶圆载盘104、泵环110以及晶圆105上方的喷淋头(showerhead)构成的大体封闭区域内对晶圆105实施沉积处理。根据本揭露部分实施例,泵环110的侧壁上可进一步包含一或多个排气孔111,排气孔111可与外部的真空泵(未显示)相连接以抽取反应气体。泵环110的内侧壁可包含阶梯或内壁止挡件以承托影子环109。根据本揭露部分实施例,泵环110内侧壁上的阶梯或内壁止挡件可仅承托影子环109的支撑部。当可理解,影子环109也可不依赖阶梯或内壁止挡件的承托而分离地悬置在加热器101上方。
图2显示图1中的升降销107下降以引导晶圆105随之下降并纳入晶圆载盘104与晶圆载盘104的表面直接接触。晶圆105被纳入晶圆载盘104后,晶圆105的中心与晶圆载盘104的中心实现对准。
图3显示图2中的加热器101的基座102向上升高以带动侧环108及晶圆105随基座102共同上升,直至侧环108的上表面与影子环109的下表面匹配嵌合。如图3所示,侧环108的顶部108b包含向心倾斜面,影子环109的底部包含与侧环108的顶部108b的向心倾斜面相匹配的倾斜面(详见下文)。因此,即使影子环109与侧环108在接触之初存在偏心,影子环109也将随着基座102的上升而轻易地沿着匹配的向心倾斜面移入最佳匹配位置,最终使侧环108的上表面与影子环109的下表面匹配嵌合。侧环108的上表面与影子环109的下表面匹配嵌合后,影子环109的中心与侧环108的中心实现自动对准,并与晶圆105的中心和晶圆载盘104的中心实现自动对准。
图4显示图3中的加热器101的基座102进一步向上升高以带动晶圆105、侧环108及影子环109随基座102共同继续升高,直至影子环109的上表面行进至预定加工位置,以执行沉积处理。优选地,预定加工位置邻近排气孔111下边缘。
完成沉积处理后,可经由图1~图4所示操作的逆向操作取出晶圆105。
图5显示晶圆加工装置100处于图3所示的嵌合状态下的局部放大图。侧环108包含外侧部分108a和顶部108b,外侧部分108a环绕基座102的外侧壁,顶部108b覆盖基座102的环形边台103的外侧部分并包含向心倾斜面120。
影子环109的底部可包含与侧环108顶部的向心倾斜面120相匹配的倾斜面130。当侧环108顶部的向心倾斜面120与影子环的底部的倾斜面130接触时,晶圆105被影子环109覆盖的边缘沿径向的长度例如可小于或等于0.5mm。在一优选实施例中,影子环109进一步包含从倾斜面130向内或向心延伸的遮挡部109a,以及从倾斜面130向外延伸的支撑部109b。在一优选实施例中,支撑部109b可架设在泵环110内侧壁的阶梯或内壁止挡件上。在另一优选实施例中,遮挡部109a的顶部可进一步包含向心倾斜面140。优选地,影子环109自重约90g,侧环108自重约140g。如图5所示,影子环109的遮挡部109a不接触晶圆105的边缘。
图6为图1~图5所示的影子环109的结构示意图。如图6所示,影子环109相对中心轴601(不可见)对称。当影子环109的中心与晶圆和晶圆载盘的中心自动对准时,上述中心点所连成的直线(不可见)与中心轴601重合。在图6的示例中,影子环109具有4个支撑部。在其他实施例中,影子环109可具有更多或更少数量的支撑部。
图7为图6所示影子环109的半切结构示意图,其横截面与图1~图5所示的影子环109的横截面形状相同。
图8为图1~图5所示的侧环108的结构示意图。侧环108相对中心轴801(不可见)对称。当图8所示的侧环108与图6所示的影子环109彼此匹配嵌合时,侧环108的中心轴801与影子环109的中心轴601重合。
图9为图8所示侧环108的半切结构示意图,其横截面与图1~图5所示的侧环108的横截面形状相同。
图10显示晶圆加工装置1000的部分截面图,晶圆加工装置1000例如可用于实施沉积处理。
晶圆加工装置1000包含加热器1001,加热器1001可对晶圆进行加热以促进沉积处理。当可理解,加热器1001也可不具有或不开启加热功能。加热器可为陶瓷加热器、铝加热器或任何适用的加热器。加热器1001的顶部包含基座1002,基座1002的顶部包含环形边台1003及晶圆载盘1004,晶圆载盘1004相对于环形边台1003下凹以容置或收纳晶圆1005。从俯视视角观察,环形边台1003环绕或围封晶圆载盘1004。当晶圆载盘1004容置或收纳晶圆1005时,环形边台1003同时环绕或围封晶圆载盘1004及其中的晶圆1005。在一优选实施例中,基座1002的晶圆载盘1004区域内可包含通孔1006和升降销1007,通孔1006贯穿基座1002,升降销1007可在通孔1006中做升降运动。通孔1006顶部可具有收纳槽,升降销1007顶部可具有突出部,升降销1007可因其突出部收入通孔1006的收纳槽而停止下降运动。尽管图10仅示出一个通孔1006和一个升降销1007,本领域技术人员可理解圆载盘1004区域内可包含更多数量的通孔1006和升降销1007。
晶圆加工装置1000进一步包含影子环1009。影子环1009包含侧壁1009a和从侧壁1009a向内或向心延伸的遮挡部1009b,当影子环1009架设在基座1002上时,侧壁1009a环绕基座1002的外侧壁,且遮挡部1009b覆盖并延伸超过环形边台1003。在一优选实施例中,遮挡部1009b的顶部可包含向心倾斜面。在另一优选实施例中,影子环1009可进一步包括从侧壁1009a向外延伸的支撑部。在图10所示实施例中,加热器1001的基座1002位于影子环1009下方并与影子环1009分离。晶圆1005在升降销1007的支撑下悬置于晶圆载盘1004上方。
在一优选实施例中,晶圆加工装置1000可包含泵环1010。可在由晶圆载盘1004、泵环1010以及晶圆1005上方的喷淋头(showerhead)构成的大体封闭区域内对晶圆1005实施沉积处理。优选地,泵环1010的侧壁上可进一步包含一或多个排气孔1011,排气孔1011可与外部的真空泵(未显示)相连接以抽取反应气体。泵环1010的内侧壁可包含阶梯或内壁止挡件以承托影子环1009。优选地,泵环1010内侧壁上的阶梯或内壁止挡件可仅承托影子环1009的支撑部。当可理解,影子环1009也可不依赖阶梯或内壁止挡件的承托而分离地悬置在加热器1001上方。
图11显示图10中的升降销1007下降以引导晶圆1005随之下降并纳入晶圆载盘1004与晶圆载盘1004的表面直接接触。晶圆1005被纳入晶圆载盘1004后,晶圆1005的中心与晶圆载盘1004的中心实现对准。
图12显示图11中的加热器1001的基座1002向上升高以带动晶圆1005随基座1002共同上升,直至基座1002顶部的环形边台1003的上表面与影子环1009的遮挡部1009b接触并匹配嵌合。环形边台1003的上表面与影子环1009的遮挡部1009b接触后,影子环1009的中心与晶圆1005的中心和晶圆载盘1004的中心实现自动对准。
图13显示图12中的加热器1001的基座1002进一步向上升高以带动晶圆1005及影子环1009随基座1002共同继续升高,直至影子环1009的上表面行进至预定加工位置,以执行沉积处理。优选地,预定加工位置邻近排气孔1011下边缘。
完成沉积处理后,可经由图10~图13所示操作的逆向操作取出晶圆1005。
图14显示晶圆加工装置1000处于图12所示的嵌合状态下的局部放大图。由影子环1009的侧壁1009a和遮挡部1009b构成的底部形状可与基座1002的边缘形状相匹配。当基座1002顶部的环形边台1003的上表面与影子环1009的遮挡部1009b接触时,晶圆1005被影子环1009覆盖的边缘沿径向的长度例如可小于或等于0.5mm。在一优选实施例中,影子环1009可进一步包括从侧壁1009a向外延伸的支撑部1009c。在一优选实施例中,侧壁1009a的底部边缘或环形边台1003的外边缘可包含弧形倒角以促进嵌合。在一优选实施例中,遮挡部1009b的顶部可包含向心倾斜面1040。在另一优选实施例中,影子环109自重约210g。如图14所示,影子环1009的遮挡部1009b不接触晶圆1005的边缘。
影子环1009的侧壁1009a上可包含一或多个通孔及一或多个防磨球1200(图14中仅示例性地示出一个通孔和一个防磨球),一或多个防磨球1200可降低影子环1009与环形边台1003嵌合时的摩擦力。在一优选实施例中,一或多个防磨球1200可进一步经由螺钉1100固持在一或多个通孔中。优选地,一或多个防磨球1200可为蓝宝石球,或其他任何适用材料。
图15为图10~图14所示的影子环1009的结构示意图。如图15所示,影子环1009相对中心轴1501(不可见)对称。当影子环1009的中心与晶圆和晶圆载盘的中心自动对准时,上述中心点所连成的直线(不可见)与中心轴1501重合。在图15的示例中,影子环1009具有4个支撑部和4个通孔(通孔中可安置防磨球)。在其他实施例中,影子环1009可具有更多或更少数量的支撑部和通孔,支撑部的数量不必与通孔的数量一致。
图16为图15所示影子环1009的半切结构示意图,其横截面与图10~图14所示的影子环1009的横截面形状相同。
图17显示图14~图16中包含螺钉1100和防磨球1200的影子环1009的局部放大图。
本发明各个实施例所提供的用于加工晶圆的装置及方法能够确保在沉积的整个过程中始终使遮挡装置的中心与晶圆或基材的中心维持自动对准而不发生偏心和遮挡不均匀,并防止沉积处理所形成的薄膜不利地延伸至晶圆边缘及侧面而导致薄膜破裂并在薄膜的表面上形成缺陷,同时无需显著增加成本和工艺复杂度。
本发明的技术内容及技术特点已由上述相关实施例加以描述,然而上述实施例仅为实施本发明的范例。熟悉本领域的技术人员仍可能基于本发明的教示及揭示而作种种不背离本发明精神的替换及修饰。因此,本发明已公开的实施例并未限制本发明的范围。相反地,包含于权利要求书的精神及范围的修改及均等设置均包括于本发明的范围内。

Claims (33)

1.一种用于加工晶圆的装置,其包含:
加热器,其包含基座,所述基座的顶部包含环形边台及相对于所述环形边台下凹以容置晶圆的晶圆载盘;
侧环,其包含外侧部分和顶部,所述外侧部分环绕所述基座的外侧壁,所述顶部覆盖所述环形边台的外侧部分且包含向心倾斜面;以及
影子环,其底部包含与所述侧环的所述顶部的所述向心倾斜面匹配的倾斜面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述影子环进一步包括从所述倾斜面向内延伸的遮挡部。
3.根据权利要求2所述的装置,其中所述遮挡部的顶部包含向心倾斜面。
4.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述影子环进一步包括从所述倾斜面向外延伸的支撑部。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述加热器为陶瓷加热器或铝加热器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述晶圆载盘进一步包含一或多个升降销,其可操作以使所述晶圆下降纳入所述晶圆载盘或上升脱离所述晶圆载盘。
7.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其进一步包含泵环,所述泵环包含内壁止挡件以承托所述影子环。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置,其中所述泵环的侧壁包含一或多个排气孔。
9.一种用于加工晶圆的装置,其包含:
加热器,其包含基座,所述基座的顶部包含环形边台及相对于所述环形边台下凹以容置晶圆的晶圆载盘;以及
影子环,其包含侧壁和从所述侧壁向内延伸的遮挡部,当所述影子环架设在所述基座上时,所述侧壁环绕所述基座的外侧壁,且所述遮挡部覆盖并延伸超过所述环形边台。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中所述遮挡部的顶部包含向心倾斜面。
11.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中所述加热器为陶瓷加热器或铝加热器。
12.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中所述影子环的侧壁进一步包含一或多个通孔及一或多个防磨球,所述一或多个防磨球经由螺钉固持在所述一或多个通孔中。
13.根据权利要求12所述的装置,其中所述一或多个防磨球为蓝宝石球。
14.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中所述影子环进一步包括从所述侧壁向外延伸的支撑部。
15.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其中所述晶圆载盘进一步包含一或多个升降销,其可操作以使所述晶圆下降纳入所述晶圆载盘或上升脱离所述晶圆载盘。
16.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其进一步包含泵环,所述泵环包含内壁止挡件以承托所述影子环。
17.根据权利要求16所述的装置,其中所述泵环的侧壁包含一或多个排气孔。
18.一种使用根据权利要求1所述的装置加工晶圆的方法,其包含:
将晶圆放置于所述晶圆载盘中;以及
升高所述基座及所述侧环,使所述侧环的所述顶部的所述向心倾斜面与所述影子环的所述底部的所述倾斜面接触。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述影子环架设在泵环的内壁止挡件上,所述方法进一步包含继续升高所述基座和所述侧环以带动所述影子环脱离所述内壁止挡件并移动至预定加工位置。
20.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述影子环进一步包括从所述倾斜面向内延伸的遮挡部。
21.根据权利要求20所述的方法,其中所述遮挡部的顶部包含向心倾斜面。
22.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其中所述泵环的侧壁包含一或多个排气孔。
23.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中将所述晶圆放置于所述晶圆载盘中包括:将所述晶圆放置于所述晶圆载盘中的一或多个升降销上,使所述一或多个升降销的下降以使所述晶圆下降纳入所述晶圆载盘。
24.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中当所述侧环的所述顶部的所述向心倾斜面与所述影子环的所述底部的所述倾斜面接触时,所述晶圆被所述影子环覆盖的边缘沿径向的长度小于或等于0.5mm。
25.根据权利要求18-24中任意一项所述的方法,其中所述加热器为陶瓷加热器或铝加热器。
26.一种使用根据权利要求9所述的装置加工晶圆的方法,其包含:
将晶圆放置于所述晶圆载盘中;以及
升高所述基座,使所述基座与所述影子环的所述遮挡部接触。
27.根据权利要求26所述的方法,其中所述影子环架设在泵环的内壁止挡件上,所述方法进一步包含继续升高所述基座以带动所述影子环脱离所述内壁止挡件并移动至预定加工位置。
28.根据权利要求26所述的方法,其中所述遮挡部的顶部包含向心倾斜面。
29.根据权利要求27所述的方法,其中所述泵环的侧壁包含一或多个排气孔。
30.根据权利要求26所述的方法,其中将所述晶圆放置于所述晶圆载盘中包括:将所述晶圆放置于所述晶圆载盘中的一或多个升降销上,使所述一或多个升降销的下降以使所述晶圆下降纳入所述晶圆载盘。
31.根据权利要求26所述的方法,其中当所述基座与所述影子环的所述遮挡部接触时,所述晶圆被所述影子环覆盖的边缘沿径向的长度小于或等于0.5mm。
32.根据权利要求26-31中任意一项所述的方法,其中所述加热器为陶瓷加热器或铝加热器。
33.根据权利要求26所述的方法,其中所述影子环的侧壁进一步包含一或多个通孔及一或多个防磨球,所述一或多个防磨球经由螺钉固持在所述一或多个通孔中。
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