CN113367254A - Composition for feeding coccinella septempunctata, preparation method thereof and feed - Google Patents
Composition for feeding coccinella septempunctata, preparation method thereof and feed Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/30—Rearing or breeding invertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/184—Hormones
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种饲喂七星瓢虫的组合物及其制备方法、饲料，所述组合物包括以下质量份的组分：蚜虫处理物500～1000份、β胡萝卜素1～4份和保幼激素0.000001～0.00001份等。本发明提供的饲料组合物包括蚜虫处理物、保幼激素和β胡萝卜素，蚜虫处理物的基础营养较全面，保幼激素促进成虫卵巢发育的特性，β胡萝卜素提高昆虫存活率并保护卵泡和子宫细胞的特性，使用该组合物饲养出的七星瓢虫与使用常规豆蚜喂养的七星瓢虫的产卵量和孵化率无显著性差异，且饲料利于保存，使用方便。本专利可以降低蚜虫的整体需求量20％左右，节约空间50％以上，降低人工需求30％以上。
The invention provides a composition for feeding Ladybugs, a preparation method and a feed thereof. The composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 500-1000 parts of aphid treated material, 1-4 parts of beta carotene and Juvenile hormone 0.000001 ~ 0.00001 copies and so on. The feed composition provided by the invention includes aphid treatment, juvenile hormone and beta carotene. The basic nutrition of the aphid treatment is more comprehensive, the juvenile hormone promotes the development of adult ovaries, and the β carotene improves the survival rate of insects and protects follicles and follicles. Regarding the characteristics of uterine cells, there is no significant difference in the number of eggs and hatching rate between the Coccinella sepsis fed by the composition and the Coccinellidae fed by conventional bean aphids, and the feed is good for preservation and convenient to use. The patent can reduce the overall demand of aphids by about 20%, save space by more than 50%, and reduce labor demand by more than 30%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feeds, and particularly relates to a composition for feeding coccinella septempunctata, a preparation method thereof and a feed.
Background
The aphids are important pests on various crops, and as the aphids are various in species, strong in diffusion capacity, short in development period and rapid in propagation, can be directly sucked, and can transmit plant viruses to cause deterioration and even death of plant nutrition, the yield and the quality of crops are seriously influenced
Coccinella septempunctata is a dominant species of natural enemy insect predating aphids in the family of coccinellaceae of the order coleoptera, however, due to the influence of field climatic conditions and farming operations, it is difficult to maintain a level sufficient to control the damage of aphids, and the way of utilization thereof is limited. In recent years, greenhouse vegetables and facility horticultural crops in China develop rapidly, the closed environment and the suitable temperature and humidity of the greenhouse and the greenhouse provide excellent conditions for using the coccinella septempunctata to prevent and control aphids on the crops, so that the coccinella septempunctata has great application prospect.
At present, the coccinella septempunctata is mainly raised by adopting living aphids as feed, and artificial feed is used in some cases. The feeding method using aphids needs to breed a large amount of aphids, and has high economic cost and time waste. When the artificial feed is fed, the weight, pupation rate, eclosion rate and the like of the coccinella septempunctata can be influenced to a certain extent, and the artificial feed becomes a bottleneck restricting the development of the artificial feed of the coccinella septempunctata particularly under the condition of low fecundity.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a composition for feeding coccinella septempunctata, a preparation method thereof and a feed.
In one aspect, the invention provides a composition for feeding coccinella septempunctata, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 500-1000 parts of aphid treatment substance, 1-4 parts of beta carotene and 0.000001-0.00001 part of juvenile hormone;
wherein the aphid treatment substance is obtained by grinding adult aphids into pulp and mixing the pulp with purified water according to the proportion of 1: 3.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 700-800 parts of aphid treatment substance, 1.5-2.5 parts of beta carotene and 0.000003-0.00006 part of juvenile hormone.
Further, the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 500-1000 parts of aphid treatment substance, 1-4 parts of beta carotene, 0.000001-0.00001 part of juvenile hormone, 50-300 parts of cane sugar and 1-5 parts of potassium sorbate;
preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 700-800 parts of aphid processed substance, 1.5-2.5 parts of beta carotene, 0.000003-0.00006 part of juvenile hormone, 100-200 parts of cane sugar and 1.5-2.5 parts of potassium sorbate.
Further, the adult aphids are obtained by inoculating aphids with reproductive capacity to the host plants and collecting the aphids when the aphid coverage rate of the host plants exceeds 70 percent.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a composition as described in any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing the aphid treated substance with sucrose, potassium sorbate and purified water to obtain a first solution;
(2) mixing beta carotene with purified water to obtain a second solution;
(3) mixing the first solution, the second solution and juvenile hormone to obtain the composition.
In another aspect, the invention provides a feed for feeding coccinella septempunctata, which comprises the composition of any one of the above or the composition obtained by the preparation method
In another aspect, the invention provides a method for feeding coccinella septempunctata, which uses the composition of any one of the preceding claims or the composition obtained by the preparation method or the feed.
Further, the container used is selected from a culture dish, a plastic box or a drinking cup; the container is provided with a cover or a gap with a through hole, and the through hole or the gap is required to be capable of ventilating but not capable of allowing the coccinella septempunctata to pass through.
Furthermore, the using amount of the composition is 0.2 g/ladybug, which is the recommended feed amount for breeding a pair of hermaphrodite ladybug, and the using amount can ensure that the feed is in a state of being fed by the ladybug within one day. The waste is caused when the using amount is too large, and the problems of increasing the humidity in the container, influencing the sanitary condition in the container and the like exist; the feed with too small amount can be dried quickly, and the normal feeding period is shortened.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the feed composition comprises aphid treatment substances, juvenile hormone and beta carotene, wherein the basic nutrition of the aphid treatment substances is comprehensive, the juvenile hormone has the characteristic of promoting the development of adult ovaries, and the beta carotene has the characteristic of improving the survival rate of insects and protecting follicles and uterine cells; the preparation method is simple and convenient, is easy for large-scale and mechanized operation, and the finished product is easy to store and can be popularized on a large scale.
(2) After the feed is used for feeding the coccinella septempunctata, the feeding frequency is higher, the aphid demand is reduced by about 20 percent under the condition that the egg laying amount and the hatching rate are not obviously reduced, the space is saved by more than 50 percent, the manual work is reduced by more than 30 percent, and the breeding efficiency of the adult coccinella septempunctata is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of different amounts of beta-carotene on the frequency of feeding by coccinella septempunctata;
FIG. 2 is the effect of different contents of beta-carotene on the egg laying amount of coccinella septempunctata according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of different amounts of beta-carotene on the hatchability of eggs of coccinella septempunctata according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of juvenile hormone of different amounts on the frequency of feeding of coccinella septempunctata;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of juvenile hormone of different amounts on the egg laying amount of E.septemfasciatus in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of juvenile hormone of different amounts on the hatchability of eggs of coccinella septempunctata according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of varying levels of aphid treatments of the present invention on the frequency of feeding of coccinella septempunctata;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the effect of varying levels of aphid treatments of the present invention on the egg laying capacity of E.septemfasciatus;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the effect of varying levels of aphid treatments of the present invention on the hatchability of eggs of coccinella septempunctata.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples and figures, without thereby restricting the invention to the scope of the examples. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
In the following examples, the reagents and materials used are all conventionally commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
The feed for feeding the coccinella septempunctata comprises the following components in parts by mass: 500-1000 parts of aphid treatment substance, 1-4 parts of beta carotene, 0.000001-0.00001 part of juvenile hormone, 50-300 parts of cane sugar and 1-5 parts of potassium sorbate; preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 700-800 parts of aphid treatment substance, 1.5-2.5 parts of beta carotene, 0.000003-0.000006 part of juvenile hormone, 100-200 parts of cane sugar and 1.5-2.5 parts of potassium sorbate.
The aphid treatment substance is obtained by grinding adult aphids into pulp and mixing the pulp with purified water according to the proportion of 1:3, wherein the adult aphids are obtained by inoculating aphids with reproductive capacity to host plants and collecting the aphids when the aphid coverage rate of the host plants exceeds 70%. Adult aphids are large in size and weak in climbing force, and are easy to shake off, grown adult aphids are shaken off into a gauze container, and the gauze is placed in a grinding bowl for grinding, so that the adult aphids are ground into powder.
The preparation method of the composition comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the aphid treated substance with sucrose, potassium sorbate and purified water to obtain a first solution;
(2) mixing beta carotene with purified water to obtain a second solution;
(3) and mixing the first solution, the second solution and juvenile hormone, and adding a proper amount of purified water to a constant volume to obtain the composition, wherein the juvenile hormone is a low-concentration and high-efficiency hormone substance, is insoluble in water, and is added after being dissolved into a solution with a higher concentration by using an organic solvent (75% alcohol), and the used solvent does not influence the breeding of the coccinella septempunctata due to extremely low total content of the juvenile hormone. The mixture is initially prepared into paste, and the obtained mixture is filled into a semiellipsoid container with diameter of 0.5-2.0cm and height of 0.2-0.5cm, sealed with a sealing film, and stored at 5-10 deg.C for 5-10 days, after storage, the mixture becomes solid, which is beneficial for replacement of feed, and the mixture will gradually melt after feeding for eating by coccinella septempunctata.
When the coccinella septempunctata is fed, the used container can be a culture dish, a plastic box or a beverage cup, the volume of the container is 10-2000ml, and a gauze or a material with the gauze can be used for replacing a cover or a box body, so that the air in the container can be normally exchanged, the adult coccinella septempunctata in the container is prevented from being killed by oxygen deficiency, and the culture dish with the diameter of 9cm and the height of 2cm is mainly used in the experiment.
A new artificial feed (0.2g) is added for each feeding, and the residual artificial feed before treatment is used for preventing deterioration from influencing the normal growth and breeding of the coccinella septempunctata, a small amount of fresh aphids (50-100 aphids are fed for each feeding) are added every 5-10 days, the nutrient elements lacking in the milled aphids are supplemented, and the health of the coccinella septempunctata is ensured.
Example 1
To determine the optimum concentration of beta-carotene, the following experiments were designed:
a basic formula (750 g of aphid processed substances, 150g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water and 2g of potassium sorbate) is used as a main body, and 5 processing groups are designed, wherein A, B, C, D and E are used as a main body, 0.5g of beta carotene is added to the A basic formula, 1.0g of beta carotene is added to the B basic formula, 1.5g of beta carotene is added to the C basic formula, 2.0g of beta carotene is added to the D basic formula, and 2.5g of beta carotene is added to the E basic formula. Control tests were carried out with both pure feed and pure aphid feeding. The test time is 30 days, the feeding condition, the egg laying amount and the hatching condition of the coccinella septempunctata in each group are observed, and the optimal beta carotene concentration is screened out.
The indoor environment is set to be at the temperature of 25 +/-1 ℃, the humidity of 75 percent and the illumination time of 16 h/d. The culture dish is used as a feeding container, and filter paper is filled at the bottom of the culture dish, so that the phenomenon that the humidity in the dish is too high is prevented, and the collection of eggs is facilitated. The coccinella septempunctata is fed according to 5-day feed and 1-day aphid (no feed is added when the aphids are fed), the feed is replaced once a day, and the specific treatment is as follows:
and (3) treatment A: 750g of aphid treatment substance, 150g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2g of potassium sorbate and 0.5g of beta carotene, wherein the coccinella septempunctata is fed according to the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and the feed is fed every day by 0.2 g;
and (B) treatment: 750g of aphid treatment substance, 150g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2g of potassium sorbate and 1.0g of beta carotene, wherein the coccinella septempunctata is fed according to the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and the feed is fed every day by 0.2 g;
and C, treatment: 750g of aphid treatment substance, 150g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2g of potassium sorbate and 1.5g of beta carotene, wherein the coccinella septempunctata is fed according to the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and the feed is fed by 0.2g every day;
and D, processing: 750g of aphid treatment substance, 150g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2g of potassium sorbate and 2.0g of beta carotene, wherein the coccinella septempunctata is fed according to the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and the feed is fed every day by 0.2 g;
and E, processing: 750g of aphid treatment substance, 150g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2g of potassium sorbate and 2.5g of beta carotene, wherein the coccinella septempunctata is fed according to the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and the feed is fed every day by 0.2 g;
pure feed control group: 750g of aphid treatment substance, 150g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2g of potassium sorbate and 1.5g of beta carotene, wherein the aphid treatment substance is fed with 0.2g of feed every day, and fresh aphids are not fed;
pure aphid control group: the aphids are fed for 200 and 300 times every day without feeding.
The results of the effect of using different amounts of beta carotene on the feeding frequency of coccinella septempunctata are shown in fig. 1, and it can be seen from the results in fig. 1 that the average feeding frequency of coccinella septempunctata fed by 5 treatment groups and pure feed groups in the whole observation period is from high to low: d is more than B, more than A, more than E, more than pure feed and more than C, and the feed is sequentially 0.383, 0.325, 0.316, 0.249, 0.192 and 0.166 times/min.
The results of using different amounts of beta carotene on the egg laying amount of coccinella septempunctata are shown in figure 2, and the results in figure 2 show that the egg laying amount of coccinella septempunctata fed by 5 treatment groups, CK group and pure feed group in the whole observation period is from high to low: CK > D > E > C > B > A > pure feed, 51.2, 46.3, 41.6, 39.0, 23.3, 22.2, 5.2 grains in sequence. The egg laying amount of the coccinella septempunctata in the groups A and B is extremely lower than that of the coccinella septempunctata in the group CK (P is less than 0.01), and the egg laying amount of the coccinella septempunctata in the groups C, D and E has no significant difference (P is more than 0.05) with that of the coccinella septempunctata in the group CK.
The results of the effect of using different amounts of beta carotene on the hatching rate of coccinella septempunctata eggs are shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen from the results in fig. 2 that the average hatching rate of coccinella septempunctata fed by 5 treatment groups, CK group and pure feed group in the whole recording period is from high to low: e is more than B, more than D, more than A, more than CK and more than C, and is 86.0%, 82.1%, 79.6%, 77.1%, 76.5%, 75.3% and 2.2% in sequence. There was no significant difference in egg hatchability between artificial feed A, B, C, D, E (P > 0.05).
Example 2
To determine the optimal concentration of juvenile hormone, the following experiments were designed:
research has shown that: the low-concentration juvenile hormone has the characteristic of promoting the development of insect ovaries, but the high-concentration juvenile hormone can inhibit the normal growth and development of insects, and if the addition concentration of the juvenile hormone which has favorable influence on the coccinella septempunctata is determined, the egg laying efficiency of the coccinella septempunctata can be improved.
The test takes a basic formula (aphid processed substance 750g, sucrose 150g, purified water 100ml and potassium sorbate 2g) as a main body, 5 treatment groups are designed, A, B, C, D, E, wherein A is taken as a basic formula and is added with juvenile hormone 1 mu L, B is taken as a basic formula and is added with juvenile hormone 5 mu L, C, is taken as a basic formula and is added with juvenile hormone 10 mu L, D, is added with juvenile hormone 20 mu L, E, is added with juvenile hormone 50 mu L, and a control test of feeding pure feed and pure aphid is carried out at the same time. The test time is 30 days, the feeding condition, the egg laying amount and the hatching condition of the coccinella septempunctata in each group are observed, and the optimal juvenile hormone concentration is screened out.
The indoor environment is set to be at the temperature of 25 +/-1 ℃, the humidity of 75 percent and the illumination time of 16 h/d. The culture dish is used as a feeding container, and filter paper is filled at the bottom of the culture dish, so that the phenomenon that the humidity in the dish is too high is prevented, and the collection of eggs is facilitated. Feeding coccinella septempunctata according to 5-day feed and 1-day aphid sequence (no feed is added when feeding aphids), and changing the feed once a day, wherein the specific treatment is as follows:
and (3) treatment A: 750g of aphid treatment substance, 150g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2g of potassium sorbate and 1 microliter of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata in the order of 5 days of feed and 1 day of aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
and (B) treatment: 750g of aphid treatment substance, 150g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2g of potassium sorbate and 5 mu L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata in the order of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
and C, treatment: 750g of aphid treatment substance, 150g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2g of potassium sorbate and 10 mu L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata in the order of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
and D, processing: 750g of aphid treatment substance, 150g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2g of potassium sorbate and 20 mu L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata in the order of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
and E, processing: 750g of aphid treatment substance, 150g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2g of potassium sorbate and 50 mu L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata in the order of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
pure feed control group: 750g of aphid treatment substance, 150g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2g of potassium sorbate and 10 mu L of juvenile hormone, wherein the aphid treatment substance is fed with 0.2g of feed every day without feeding fresh aphids;
pure aphid control group: the aphids are fed for 200 and 300 times every day without feeding.
The results of the effect of using different juvenile hormone contents on the feeding frequency of the coccinella septempunctata are shown in fig. 4, and the results in fig. 4 show that the average feeding frequency of the coccinella septempata fed by 5 treatment groups and a pure feed group in the whole observation period is from high to low: b is more than A, more than C, more than D is more than pure feed, and more than E, namely 0.293, 0.276, 0.232, 0.211, 0.177, 0.175 times/min in sequence.
The results of the effect of using different juvenile hormone contents on the egg laying amount of coccinella septempunctata are shown in FIG. 5, and it can be seen from the results in FIG. 5 that the egg laying amount of coccinella septempunctata fed by 5 treatment groups, CK group and pure feed group in the whole observation period is from high to low: CK > B > A > C > E > D > pure feed, 43.9, 36.6, 34.8, 31.5, 28.0, 26.9 and 2.5 grains in sequence. C. The egg laying amount of the coccinella septempunctata in the groups D and E is obviously lower than that of the coccinella septempunctata in the group CK (P is more than 0.01 and less than 0.05), and the egg laying amount of the coccinella septempunctata in the groups A and B has no obvious difference (P is more than 0.05) with that of the coccinella septempunctata in the group CK.
The results of the effect of using different juvenile hormone contents on the hatching rate of coccinella septempunctata eggs are shown in fig. 6, and it can be seen from the results in fig. 6 that the average hatching rate of coccinella septempunctata fed by 5 treatment groups, a CK group and a pure feed group in the whole recording period is from high to low: CK > B > A > C > D > E > pure feed, 71.0%, 58.1%, 56.4%, 49.3%, 23.0%, 16.9%, 6.4% in sequence. The egg laying rate of the coccinella septempunctata in the groups D and E is extremely lower than the hatching rate of the coccinella septempunctata in the group CK (P is less than 0.01), and the egg laying rate of the coccinella septempunctata in the groups A, B and C is significantly lower than the hatching rate of the coccinella septempunctata in the group CK (P is more than 0.01 and less than 0.05).
In conclusion, in the experiment, C, D, E groups of the beta carotene group artificial feed have good effect, the preferable content of the beta carotene is 1.5-2.5g/L, the best is D group, and the best content is 2 g/L. The artificial feed A, B, C group for juvenile hormone has good effect, and the preferable content of juvenile hormone is 1-10 μ L/L, preferably B group, and the preferable content is 5 μ L/L.
Example 3
In order to clarify the feeding effect of the overall formula, the following experiments were designed:
under the premise of determining that the reasonable content of the beta carotene is 1.5-2.5g/L and the content of the juvenile hormone is 5 muL/L (because the content of the juvenile hormone is too low, the optimal content of 5 muL/L in the second test is taken), a treatment group is designed: groups C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, E1, E2, E3, E4, and E5; C. the D and E groups respectively correspond to 1.5g/L, 2.0g/L and 2.5g/L of carotene added in the experiment I, and 1-5 groups respectively add aphid sucrose mixtures with the mass ratio of 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 4:1 and 8:1 of aphid treatment substances and sucrose. The indoor environment is set to be at the temperature of 25 +/-1 ℃, the humidity of 75 percent and the illumination time of 16 h/d. The culture dish is used as a feeding container, and filter paper is filled at the bottom of the culture dish, so that the phenomenon that the humidity in the dish is too high is prevented, and the collection of eggs is facilitated. The coccinella septempunctata is fed with the feed for 5 days and the aphids for 1 day (no feed is added when the aphids are fed), and the feed is replaced once a day. The test time is 30 days, and the groups with higher feeding frequency and no significant difference between the egg laying amount and the hatching rate and the aphid control group are screened out to determine the proportion of the final formula.
The specific treatment is as follows:
treatment C1: 300g of aphid treatment substance, 600g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 1.5g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata in the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment C2: 450g of aphid treatment substance, 450g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 1.5g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata according to the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment C3: 600g of aphid treatment substance, 300g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 1.5g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata in the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment C4: 720g of aphid processed substances, 180g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 1.5g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata according to the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment C5: 800g of aphid treatment substance, 100g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 1.5g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata in the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment D1: 300g of aphid treatment substance, 600g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2.0g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata in the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment D2: 450g of aphid treatment substance, 450g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2.0g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata according to the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment D3: 600g of aphid treatment substance, 300g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2.0g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata in the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment D4: 720g of aphid processed substances, 180g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2.0g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata according to the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment D5: 800g of aphid treatment substance, 100g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2.0gg/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata according to the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment E1: 300g of aphid treatment substance, 600g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2.5g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata in the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment E2: 450g of aphid treatment substance, 450g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2.5g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata according to the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment E3: 600g of aphid treatment substance, 300g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2.5g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata in the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment E4: 720g of aphid processed substances, 180g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2.5g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata according to the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
treatment E5: 800g of aphid treatment substance, 100g of cane sugar, 100ml of purified water, 2.5g/L of beta carotene and 5 mu L/L of juvenile hormone, feeding coccinella septempunctata in the sequence of 5-day feed and 1-day aphid, and feeding 0.2g of feed every day;
pure aphid control group: the aphids are fed for 200 and 300 times every day without feeding.
The results of the effect of using different levels of aphid treatments on the hatchability of coccinella septempunctata eggs are shown in fig. 7, and it can be seen from the results in fig. 7 that the feeding frequency of coccinella septempunctata fed by 15 treatment groups and CK groups is higher in the whole recording period: c4, C5, D4, D5, E3, E4 and E5, and the ratio of aphid to cane sugar is reasonable from 4:1 to 8: 1.
The results of the effect of using different aphid treatments on the hatching rate of coccinella septempunctata eggs are shown in fig. 8, and as can be seen from the results in fig. 8, the egg laying amount of coccinella septempunctata fed by 15 treatment groups and CK groups in the whole recording period is higher: c5, D4, D5 and E5, and has no significant difference with the control group, and the egg laying amount of the rest treatment groups is significantly lower than that of the control group. It can be seen that the ratio of aphids to sucrose is more reasonable to be 8: 1.
The results of the effect of using different aphid treatments on the hatchability of the coccinella septempunctata eggs are shown in fig. 9, and the results of fig. 9 show that the hatchability difference of the coccinella septempunctata fed by 15 treatment groups and CK groups is not large in the whole recording period, and is basically maintained at a level of 65-80%, and the hatchability difference is not significant compared with that of a control group.
The ratio of the aphid treatment group to the sucrose in the feed formula is optimally 8:1, but in consideration of cost and raw material processing difficulty, the ratio of 4:1 can also be applied to production, and the feeding effect and the cost are both lower, so the ratio of the aphid to the sucrose is set to be 4:1 to 8: 1.
Therefore, the preferable feed formula of the application is as follows: 700-800 g of aphids, 100-200 g of cane sugar, 100mL of purified water, 2g of potassium sorbate, 2 (+ -0.5) g of beta carotene and 5 mu L of juvenile hormone. After the coccinella septempunctata is fed by using the formula, the feeding frequency is high, the aphid demand of about 20 percent is reduced under the condition that the egg laying amount and the hatching rate are not obviously reduced (according to the feed production standard, 0.0375g of aphids are contained in 0.2g of feed, the aphid quantity is about 175 times per day, the aphid demand is lower than that of 200 times per day required by conventional feeding, the space is saved by more than 50 percent (the feed volume is small, and a container with a smaller volume can be used compared with the existing method for feeding the coccinella septempunctata with plants), the artificial reduction is more than 30 percent (the feed can be directly fed after the feed production is completed, fresh coccinella septempunctata plants are not required to be cut every time, the feeding amount is small, and the cleaning is convenient and quick compared with the coccinella septempunctata breeding by using the coccinella septempunctata, and the breeding efficiency of adult coccinella septempunctata is greatly improved.
The detailed description is given to the composition for feeding the coccinella septempunctata, the preparation method thereof and the feed. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The composition for feeding the coccinella septempunctata is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: substances such as aphid treatment substances, purified water, beta carotene, juvenile hormone and the like;
wherein the aphid treatment substance is obtained by grinding adult aphids into pulp and mixing the pulp with purified water according to the proportion of 1: 3.
2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by mass: 500-1000 parts of aphid treatment substance, 1-4 parts of beta carotene and 0.000001-0.00001 part of juvenile hormone;
preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 700-800 parts of aphid treatment substance, 1.5-2.5 parts of beta carotene and 0.000003-0.000006 part of juvenile hormone.
3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises the following components in parts by mass: 500-1000 parts of aphid treatment substance, 1-4 parts of beta carotene, 0.000001-0.00001 part of juvenile hormone, 50-300 parts of cane sugar and 1-5 parts of potassium sorbate;
preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 700-800 parts of aphid treatment substance, 1.5-2.5 parts of beta carotene, 0.000003-0.000006 part of juvenile hormone, 100-200 parts of cane sugar and 1.5-2.5 parts of potassium sorbate.
4. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the adult aphids are harvested by inoculating a reproductive aphid on a host plant and harvesting the aphid when the host plant coverage is greater than 70%.
5. A process for the preparation of a composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the aphid treated substance with sucrose, potassium sorbate and purified water to obtain a first solution;
(2) mixing beta carotene with purified water to obtain a second solution;
(3) mixing the first solution, the second solution and juvenile hormone to obtain the composition.
6. A feed for feeding coccinella septempunctata, which is characterized in that the feed comprises the composition of any one of claims 1 to 4 or the composition obtained by the preparation method of claim 5.
7. A method for feeding coccinella septempunctata, which is characterized in that the composition of any one of claims 1 to 4 or the composition obtained by the preparation method of claim 5 or the feed of claim 6 is used.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the container used is selected from a petri dish, a plastic box or a drinking cup;
the container is provided with a cover or a slit having a through hole.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the amount of feed recommended for feeding a pair of hermaphrodite ladybug is 0.2 g.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN114921477A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-19 | 西南大学 | Carotenoid Oxygenase Gene and dsRNA of Brown Aphid |
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| CN115039846A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-13 | 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Application of androgens in coccinea chinensis feed, coccinellus chinensis feed and preparation method |
| CN115039846B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-07-07 | 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Application of androgens in ladybug feed, ladybug feed and preparation method |
| CN115024449B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-07-28 | 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Application of estrogen in ladybug feed, ladybug feed and preparation method thereof |
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