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CN113061086A - Preparation method of long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid mono-tert-butyl ester - Google Patents

Preparation method of long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid mono-tert-butyl ester Download PDF

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CN113061086A
CN113061086A CN202010001797.2A CN202010001797A CN113061086A CN 113061086 A CN113061086 A CN 113061086A CN 202010001797 A CN202010001797 A CN 202010001797A CN 113061086 A CN113061086 A CN 113061086A
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CN113061086B (en
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赵庆
周川成
尹鸿宇
张振
朱经伟
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Pharmablock Sciences Nanjing Inc
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/30Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
    • C07C67/313Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by introduction of doubly bound oxygen containing functional groups, e.g. carboxyl groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C51/00Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
    • C07C51/347Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups
    • C07C51/353Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/08Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/30Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
    • C07C67/333Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C67/343Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms

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Abstract

本发明通过对单水解的反应条件进行控制,提供了一种通过长链脂肪二羧酸二叔丁酯进行单水解得到长链脂肪二羧酸单叔丁酯的方法,原料成本低,收率较高,后处理方法简单,适合工业化生产。The present invention provides a method for obtaining long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid mono-tert-butyl ester by mono-hydrolysis of long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid di-tert-butyl ester by controlling the reaction conditions of monohydrolysis, with low cost of raw materials and high yield. Higher, the post-processing method is simple, suitable for industrial production.

Description

Preparation method of long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid mono-tert-butyl ester
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical chemistry synthesis, and in particular relates to a preparation method of long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid mono-tert-butyl ester.
Background
The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist serving as a novel hypoglycemic agent can effectively control blood sugar, obviously reduce the incidence rate of hypoglycemic events, and also has the advantages of obviously reducing weight and reducing the risk of cardiovascular events. However, natural GLP-1 is easily degraded in vivo, resulting in a short half-life, so chemical modification of GLP-1 to obtain a long-acting GLP-1 agonist has been a problem that the industry has been trying to solve.
International patent publication WO2006097537a2 discloses a class of chemically modified GLP-1 analogues with a longer half-life which are partially acylated at the lysine residue in position 26 and which comprise a long chain acidic group at the end, such as:
Figure BDA0002353765160000011
wherein I is 12, 13, 14. 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20, which long chain acidic groups can be made from the corresponding long chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid mono-tert-butyl ester intermediate.
The existing synthesis of long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid mono-tert-butyl ester usually adopts corresponding long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid to perform mono-esterification, but because the carbon chain is too long and the mono-esterification lacks selectivity, the yield is only 20-40% (WO2005082404A, WO2004035624A and CN105001140B), and the synthesis is only on gram-scale and can not meet the requirement of industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of low yield of long-chain aliphatic mono-tert-butyl ester, the invention provides a method for obtaining long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid mono-tert-butyl ester (a compound shown in a formula (I)) by performing mono-hydrolysis on long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid di-tert-butyl ester:
Figure BDA0002353765160000012
which is prepared from a compound of formula (II)
Figure BDA0002353765160000013
Is prepared by single hydrolysis under the condition of alkaline reagent, wherein n is an integer within 8-18.
In some embodiments, n is an even number within 8-18.
In other embodiments, n is 16 or 18.
In other embodiments, the alkaline agent is barium hydroxide or a hydrate thereof, preferably barium hydroxide octahydrate; the molar ratio of the alkaline agent to the compound of formula (II) is 1-3: 1, preferably 2: 1.
In other embodiments, the reaction solvent is methanol or a mixed solvent of methanol and t-butanol.
In other embodiments, the reaction solvent is a mixed solvent of methanol and tert-butyl alcohol, and the volume ratio of tert-butyl alcohol to methanol is 1-1.2: 1.
In other embodiments, the reaction temperature is 25 to 50 ℃, preferably 28 to 30 ℃.
When n is an even number, the compound of formula (II) can be prepared by:
Figure BDA0002353765160000021
esterifying the compound of the formula (III) in trifluoroacetic anhydride and tert-butyl alcohol to obtain a compound of a formula (IV),
Figure BDA0002353765160000022
the compound of the formula (IV) is subjected to coupling reaction under the conditions of nickel chloride hexahydrate, 2', 6', 2' -terpyridine and zinc powder to prepare a compound of a formula (II),
Figure BDA0002353765160000023
alternatively, the compound of formula (II) may also be prepared by:
Figure BDA0002353765160000024
the compound of the formula (III) is subjected to coupling reaction under the conditions of nickel chloride hexahydrate, 2', 6', 2' -terpyridine and zinc powder to prepare a compound of a formula (V),
Figure BDA0002353765160000031
esterifying the compound of formula (V) under the conditions of trifluoroacetic anhydride and tert-butyl alcohol to obtain a compound of formula (II),
Figure BDA0002353765160000032
when n is an odd number, the compound of formula (II) can be obtained by esterification of its corresponding diacid with trifluoroacetic anhydride, tert-butanol.
The invention provides a novel method for synthesizing long-chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid mono-tert-butyl ester by controlling the reaction conditions of single hydrolysis, so that the conversion rate of a single hydrolysis target product can reach more than 80%, the single-step reaction yield is more than 70%, the product purity can reach more than 99%, the product is amplified to a kilogram scale, the raw material cost is low, the post-treatment method is simple, column chromatography and other operations are not needed, and the method is suitable for industrial production.
Detailed Description
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of mono-tert-butyl eicosanedioate
The method comprises the following steps: preparation of tert-butyl 10-bromodecanoate
Figure BDA0002353765160000033
10-bromodecanoic acid (5.7kg, 1.0eq.) and DCM (22.8L, 4V) were added to the reaction kettle; trifluoroacetic anhydride (10.7kg, 2.2eq.) is added dropwise at 0 ℃, and stirred for 0.5 h; t-BuOH (5.89kg,3.5eq.) is added at 0-10 ℃ and stirring is continued for 2 h. Water was added to quench, the mixture was left to stand for liquid separation, and the organic phase was washed with water (4 V.times.5) and concentrated to obtain 6.914kg of a dark brown liquid with a purity of 98.9% and a yield of 98%.
Step two: preparation of ditertiary butyl eicosanedioate
Figure BDA0002353765160000034
Under the protection of nitrogen, adding 10-bromodecanoic acid tert-butyl ester (6.79kg, 1.0eq.), zinc powder (1.52kg, 1.05eq.) and DMF (26L) into a reaction kettle; adding NiCl2.6H2O (105.1g, 0.02eq.) and 2,2':6', 2' -terpyridine (103.1g, 0.02eq.) were stirred at 35-45 ℃ for 10 h. Dripping 1.8M HCl (20L) at 25-30 ℃, and stirring for 2-4 h; filtering, washing with water (0.5V) and drying to obtain 9.95kg of off-white solid with the purity of 94.9 percent and the yield of 99 percent.
Step three: preparation of mono-tert-butyl eicosanedioate
Figure BDA0002353765160000041
A general reaction of Ba (OH)2.8H2O (3.1kg, 1.8eq.), di-tert-butyl didecanedioate (2.5kg, 1.0eq.), tert-butanol (45L) and methanol (37.5L) were added to the reactor and stirred at 28-30 ℃ for 30 h. And (3) performing centrifugal filtration, adding the filter cake and toluene (20V) into the reactor, stirring for 2h, adding 1M HCl (10V) and water (10V), separating and concentrating an organic phase into yellow solid, washing with methanol (20L), filtering and drying to obtain 1698g of white solid with the purity of 99.1% and the yield of 77.5%.
EXAMPLE 2 preparation of mono-tert-butyl octadecanedioate
The method comprises the following steps: preparation of octadecanedioic acid
Figure BDA0002353765160000042
Under the protection of nitrogen, 9-bromononanoic acid (1.29kg, 5.44mol, 1.0eq.) and zinc powder (730g, 2.05eq.) were added to a reaction kettle together with DMF (26L); adding NiCl2.6H2O (65g, 0.05eq.) and 2,2':6', 2' -terpyridine (63.4g, 0.05eq.) were stirred at 35-45 ℃ for 8 h. Dripping 1.8M HCl (20L) at 25-30 ℃, and stirring for 2-4 h; filtering, washing with water (0.5V) and drying to obtain 1.7kg of white solid with the purity of 95.4% and the yield of 99%.
Step two: preparation of di-tert-butyl octadecanedioate
Figure BDA0002353765160000043
Octadecanedioic acid (1.69kg, 1.0eq.) and THF (9L, 5.3V) were added to the reaction kettle; trifluoroacetic anhydride (3.39kg, 3.0eq.) was added dropwise at 0 ℃, stirred for 1h, and t-BuOH (1.91kg, 4.8eq.) was added dropwise at 0-10 ℃. Stirring for 5h at 25-28 ℃. NaHCO is added3(2.7kg, 6.0eq.) and water (20L, 12V); dropwise adding NaHCO3 aqueous solution into the reaction kettle, and stirring at 15-20 DEG C1 h; filtering and drying to obtain 2.13kg of light yellow solid with the yield of 92.9 percent. Step three: preparation of mono-tert-butyl octadecanedioate
Figure BDA0002353765160000044
A general reaction of Ba (OH)2.8H2O (2.95kg,1.7eq.), di-tert-butyl octadecanedioate (2.34kg,1.0eq.), tert-butanol (25L) and methanol (25L) were added to the reaction vessel, and stirred at 28-30 ℃ for 20 hours. Centrifuging and filtering, adding the filter cake and toluene (20V) into a reactor, stirring for 2h, adding 1M HCl (10V) and water (10V), separating and concentrating an organic phase into yellow solid, washing with methanol (20L), filtering and drying to obtain 1448g of white solid with the purity of 99.5% and the yield of 71.0%.
Example 3 Single hydrolysis Condition screening experiment
Figure BDA0002353765160000051
Referring to the procedure of step three of example 1, the results of screening for the conditions of the single hydrolysis reaction are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002353765160000052

Claims (10)

1.一种式(I)化合物的制备方法:1. a preparation method of formula (I) compound:
Figure FDA0002353765150000011
Figure FDA0002353765150000011
其由式(II)化合物It consists of compounds of formula (II)
Figure FDA0002353765150000012
Figure FDA0002353765150000012
在碱性试剂条件下经单水解制得,其中n为8-18以内的整数。It is prepared by single hydrolysis under alkaline reagent conditions, wherein n is an integer within 8-18.
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中n为8-18以内的偶数。2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein n is an even number within 8-18. 3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中n为16或18。3 . The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein n is 16 or 18. 4 . 4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的制备方法,其中碱性试剂为氢氧化钡或其水合物。4. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the alkaline reagent is barium hydroxide or a hydrate thereof. 5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于:反应溶剂为甲醇或甲醇和叔丁醇的混合溶剂。5. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the reaction solvent is methanol or a mixed solvent of methanol and tert-butanol. 6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:碱性试剂为氢氧化钡八水合物,碱性试剂与式(II)化合物的摩尔比为1~3:1。6 . The preparation method according to claim 4 , wherein the basic reagent is barium hydroxide octahydrate, and the molar ratio of the basic reagent to the compound of formula (II) is 1 to 3:1. 7 . 7.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于:反应溶剂为甲醇和叔丁醇的混合溶剂,叔丁醇与甲醇的体积比为1~1.2:1。7 . The preparation method according to claim 5 , wherein the reaction solvent is a mixed solvent of methanol and tert-butanol, and the volume ratio of tert-butanol to methanol is 1 to 1.2:1. 8 . 8.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的制备方法,其中反应温度为25~50℃,优选为28~30℃。8. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the reaction temperature is 25-50°C, preferably 28-30°C. 9.根据权利要求2或3所述的制备方法,其特征在于还包含如下步骤:9. preparation method according to claim 2 or 3 is characterized in that also comprising the steps:
Figure FDA0002353765150000013
Figure FDA0002353765150000013
式(III)化合物在三氟乙酸酐、叔丁醇条件下酯化得到式(IV)化合物,The compound of formula (III) is esterified under the conditions of trifluoroacetic anhydride and tert-butanol to obtain the compound of formula (IV),
Figure FDA0002353765150000014
Figure FDA0002353765150000014
式(IV)化合物在氯化镍六水合物、2,2':6',2”-三联吡啶、锌粉条件下发生偶联反应制得式(II)化合物,The compound of formula (IV) undergoes a coupling reaction under the conditions of nickel chloride hexahydrate, 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine and zinc powder to obtain the compound of formula (II),
Figure FDA0002353765150000021
Figure FDA0002353765150000021
10.根据权利要求2或3所述的制备方法,其特征在于还包含如下步骤:10. preparation method according to claim 2 or 3 is characterized in that also comprising the steps:
Figure FDA0002353765150000022
Figure FDA0002353765150000022
式(III)化合物在氯化镍六水合物、2,2':6',2”-三联吡啶、锌粉条件下发生偶联反应制得式(V)化合物,The compound of formula (III) undergoes a coupling reaction under the conditions of nickel chloride hexahydrate, 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine and zinc powder to obtain the compound of formula (V),
Figure FDA0002353765150000023
Figure FDA0002353765150000023
式(V)化合物在三氟乙酸酐、叔丁醇条件下酯化得到式(II)化合物,The compound of formula (V) is esterified under the conditions of trifluoroacetic anhydride and tert-butanol to obtain the compound of formula (II),
Figure FDA0002353765150000024
Figure FDA0002353765150000024
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2024232593A1 (en) * 2023-05-10 2024-11-14 주식회사 아미노로직스 Method for preparing mono-tert-butyl-esterified saturated hydrocarbon, and cyclic preparation method therefor

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CN101466679A (en) * 2006-03-30 2009-06-24 田边三菱制药株式会社 A process for preparing tetrahydroquinoline derivatives
CN109776323A (en) * 2019-01-28 2019-05-21 富乐马鸿凯(大连)医药有限公司 A kind of method that efficient selective prepares the fat diacid list tert-butyl ester

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WO2024232593A1 (en) * 2023-05-10 2024-11-14 주식회사 아미노로직스 Method for preparing mono-tert-butyl-esterified saturated hydrocarbon, and cyclic preparation method therefor

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