CN112965110A - Method for rapidly determining transverse rolling distance of observation system and observation system design method - Google Patents
Method for rapidly determining transverse rolling distance of observation system and observation system design method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for rapidly determining a transverse rolling distance of an observation system and a design method of the observation system, wherein the method for determining the transverse rolling distance comprises the following steps: (1) the values of all integral multiples of the detected line spacing are listed: defining n as the result of dividing the transverse rolling distance by the line detection distance, wherein n is an integer; the listed n values are greater than 1 and less than the number of detector lines; (2) screening the n value: calculating the result m obtained by dividing the number of the detection lines by n; if m is an even number, selecting the value n corresponding to m, otherwise, discarding; (3) according to the n value screened out in the step (2), multiplying the detection line distance by the n value to obtain a transverse rolling distance corresponding to the selected n value; (4) and (4) selecting a final result from the more than two transverse rolling distances obtained in the step (3) as the transverse rolling distance of the observation system. The invention can obviously improve the working efficiency of determining the transverse rolling distance of the observation system while ensuring the uniformity of the covering times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the design of an observation system for petroleum and natural gas seismic exploration, in particular to a method for quickly determining the transverse rolling distance of the observation system and a design method of the observation system.
Background
In the high-precision three-dimensional seismic exploration process, the observation system adopts a smaller transverse rolling distance, so that the shot-geophone distance between bins and the consistency of azimuth distribution can be improved; but the rolling efficiency of the smaller transverse rolling distance is lower, and more transverse rolling times are needed, so that the exploration cost is increased, and the construction efficiency is reduced; and improper lateral roll distances can result in uneven coverage times. The selection of the proper transverse rolling distance has important significance on three-dimensional seismic exploration.
In the prior art, there is only empirical guidance on the selection of the lateral roll distance, for example, the method for designing a seismic exploration observation system disclosed in the chinese patent publication No. CN102062869B, which considers that the lateral roll distance is preferably not more than 2 detection line distances (the straight line formed by detectors is called detection line, also called survey line, and the distance between adjacent detection lines is called detection line distance), and preferably 2 detection line distances. As another example, another design method for seismic survey observation system disclosed in the Chinese patent publication No. CN105319576B discloses that the roll-off distance should be an integer multiple of the track pitch (track pitch is the distance between adjacent receivers on the detector line). For another example, the three-dimensional seismic data acquisition method for sandstone-type uranium ores disclosed in chinese patent application publication No. CN 107144873 a considers that "the transverse rolling distance is the receiving line distance" (the receiving line is the detection line, and the receiving line distance is the detection line distance).
Therefore, in the prior art, all possible values of the lateral rolling distance are listed first by experience, each lateral rolling distance and other design parameters are input into a computer, an observation system template is established, then a coverage time distribution graph of each observation system template is obtained through system operation, and a reasonable lateral rolling distance is screened from the coverage time distribution graph, which takes a lot of time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for quickly determining the transverse rolling distance of an observation system so as to save time. Meanwhile, a design method of the seismic exploration and observation system is provided to improve the working efficiency.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for rapidly determining the transverse rolling distance of an observation system comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the number of detection lines and the number of detection lines according to the parameters of a first shot-to-test relation array sheet before the start of rolling of the three-dimensional observation system, and listing the numerical values of integral multiples of all the detection line distances: defining n as the result of dividing the transverse rolling distance by the line detection distance, wherein n is an integer; the listed n values are greater than 1 and less than the number of detector lines;
(2) screening the n value: calculating the result m obtained by dividing the number of the detection lines by n; if m is an even number, selecting the value n corresponding to m, otherwise, discarding;
(3) according to the n value screened out in the step (2), multiplying the detection line distance by the n value to obtain a transverse rolling distance corresponding to the selected n value;
(4) and (4) selecting a final result from the more than two transverse rolling distances obtained in the step (3) as the transverse rolling distance of the observation system.
The design method of the seismic exploration observation system comprises the step of determining the transverse rolling distance of the observation system, and is characterized in that the step of determining the transverse rolling distance of the observation system comprises the following steps:
(1) determining parameters of a first shot-checking relation arrangement piece of the three-dimensional observation system before rolling; determining the number of detection lines and the number of detection lines according to the parameters of a first shot-to-test relation array sheet before the start of rolling of the three-dimensional observation system, and listing the numerical values of integral multiples of all the detection line distances: defining n as the result of dividing the transverse rolling distance by the line detection distance, wherein n is an integer; the listed n values are greater than 1 and less than the number of detector lines;
(2) screening the n value: calculating the result m obtained by dividing the number of the detection lines by n; if m is an even number, selecting the value n corresponding to m, otherwise, discarding;
(3) according to the n value screened out in the step (2), multiplying the detection line distance by the n value to obtain a transverse rolling distance corresponding to the selected n value;
(4) and (4) selecting a final result from the more than two transverse rolling distances obtained in the step (3) as the transverse rolling distance of the observation system.
The design method of the seismic exploration observation system and the method for determining the transverse rolling distance of the observation system, provided by the invention, are proved by experiments, so that the working efficiency of determining the transverse rolling distance of the observation system can be obviously improved while the uniformity of the covering times is ensured, and the method has wide market application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing examples of the present invention with other experimental examples;
FIGS. 2-21 are graphs showing the lateral coverage times of the three-dimensional observation system of FIG. 1 with a lateral roll distance of 1-20 times the line distance of the detectors, respectively.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the method for rapidly determining the transverse rolling distance of the observation system is particularly applied to determining the transverse rolling distance of a three-dimensional observation system in a certain work area, and the parameters of a first shot-to-check relation arrangement piece of the three-dimensional observation system before rolling start comprise: the number of detection lines is 20, and the number of detection points of each detection line is 280.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the number of detection lines and the detection line distances according to the parameters of a first shot-geophone relationship permutation sheet before the three-dimensional observation system starts to roll, and listing the integral multiple values of all the detection line distances: defining n as the result of dividing the transverse rolling distance by the line detection distance, wherein n is an integer; listing all n values which are more than 1 and less than the number of detection lines; in the present embodiment, n is 1, 2, 3 … … 20;
(2) screening the n value: calculating the result m obtained by dividing the number of the detection lines by n; if m is an even number, selecting the value n corresponding to m, otherwise, discarding;
in the present embodiment, the process of calculating the m value is as follows: 20/1 ═ 20; 20/2 ═ 10; 20/3 ═ 6.67; 20/4 ═ 5; 20/5 ═ 4; 20/6 ═ 3.33; 20/7 ═ 2.86; 20/8 ═ 2.5; 20/9 ═ 2.22; 20/10 ═ 2; 20/11 ═ 1.82; 20/12 ═ 1.67; 20/13 ═ 1.54; 20/14 ═ 1.43; 20/15 ═ 1.33; 20/16 ═ 1.25; 20/17 ═ 1.18; 20/18 ═ 1.11; 20/19 ═ 1.05; 20/20 is equal to 1.
Wherein when the obtained result m is an even number, the corresponding n value is as follows: 1.2, 5, 10, thereby selecting the value of n;
(3) and (3) according to the n value screened in the step (2), multiplying the detected line distance by the n value to obtain the selected transverse rolling distance, namely the transverse rolling distance determined in the embodiment.
In this embodiment, since there are 4 screened n values, the respective n values correspond to 4 lateral rolling distances. And (4) directly taking each transverse rolling distance determined in the step (3) as a final result.
Of course, it is also possible to continue to optimize the lateral rolling distances in step (3), specifically, substitute these lateral rolling distances into the observation system (other parameters of the observation system are the same), and then perform observation system attribute analysis to optimize the lateral rolling distances, where the attribute analysis includes: the azimuth angle and the offset uniformity of the observation system and the wave field connectivity of the observation system belong to the prior art.
Comparative test examples of the invention:
in order to verify the effectiveness of the transverse rolling distance determined in the above embodiment, the present invention substitutes 20 transverse rolling distances, which are integral multiples of the detected line distance, into the three-dimensional observation system in the step (1), that is, the transverse rolling distances of the respective observation systems are n times (1 time, 2 times, and … … 20 times) the line distances, and the other parameters of the three-dimensional observation system except the transverse rolling distances are the same, and the obtaining manner of the other parameters is the same as that of the prior art, and thus, the details are not repeated. After calculation by using computer software (Cran 6.0), a transverse coverage number distribution graph of each observation system in a seismic acquisition coverage area is obtained and is shown in FIG. 1.
Fig. 2 to 21 (each of fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a thumbnail view, and the display contents are based on fig. 2 to 21) show details of the respective panels included in fig. 1, in the horizontal coverage distribution diagram of each three-dimensional observation system, the ordinate represents the number of the panel, the number of the respective indicated panel increases from bottom to top, and the abscissa represents the coverage, and the number of the indicated coverage increases from right to left. The corresponding relationship between each small graph in fig. 1 and the transverse rolling distance of each system is as follows: the first row is provided with a transverse rolling distance of 1 time of detection line distance, 2 times of detection line distance, 3 times of detection line distance, 4 times of detection line distance and 5 times of detection line distance from left to right. The second row is 6 to 10 times of the detection line distance from the left, and the analogy is repeated, the total number is 4, the 20 rows are totally, the 20 small graphs respectively correspond to the transverse coverage time distribution graphs of 20 three-dimensional observation systems, and the graphs are put together in the figure 1 for the convenience of observation and comparison.
By comparing the small graphs in fig. 1, it can be seen that the observation system with the transverse rolling distance of 1, 2, 5, 10 times of the detection line distance has uniform transverse coverage times and is reasonable. This is consistent with the results obtained with the lateral roll distances determined in the above-described embodiments of the present invention, thereby verifying the rationality thereof. Specifically, the bin numbers of the bins are sequentially numbered from one side boundary of the coverage area of the observation system to the other side boundary, so that the bin with the bin number being ranked in the middle is also close to the central position of the coverage area, and the bin close to the center should be covered more times than the bin close to the boundary (because both the gun position and the detector are more concentrated), which is clear from each figure with uniform lateral coverage, as shown in fig. 2(n ═ 1), the bin with 270 th to 290 th bins being ranked in the middle corresponds to the highest coverage 10, the bin coverage times ranked on both sides are gradually reduced, and the variation amplitude is uniform, which is consistent with the actual working condition, i.e., the observation system is reasonable, and the lateral rolling distance of the observation system is estimated to be proper. In the figures with jagged features, such as fig. 4(n ═ 3), the bins whose corresponding coverage times are centered in the reasonably highest order are not all the same, such as bins 420 to 440 and bins 480 to 500, but there are no more than 10 coverage times, which is obviously unreasonable, and thus the observation system is unreasonable, and the lateral roll distance of the observation system is presumed to be improper.
The embodiment of the design method of the seismic exploration observation system adopts the steps of the embodiment of the method for rapidly determining the transverse rolling distance of the observation system to determine the transverse rolling distance, and the obtaining mode of other parameters is the same as that of the prior art and is not repeated.
Claims (2)
1. A method for rapidly determining the transverse rolling distance of an observation system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) determining the number of detection lines and the number of detection lines according to the parameters of a first shot-to-test relation array sheet before the start of rolling of the three-dimensional observation system, and listing the numerical values of integral multiples of all the detection line distances: defining n as the result of dividing the transverse rolling distance by the line detection distance, wherein n is an integer; the listed n values are greater than 1 and less than the number of detector lines;
(2) screening the n value: calculating the result m obtained by dividing the number of the detection lines by n; if m is an even number, selecting the value n corresponding to m, otherwise, discarding;
(3) according to the n value screened out in the step (2), multiplying the detection line distance by the n value to obtain a transverse rolling distance corresponding to the selected n value;
(4) and (4) selecting a final result from the more than two transverse rolling distances obtained in the step (3) as the transverse rolling distance of the observation system.
2. A method of designing a seismic survey observation system comprising the step of determining the lateral roll of the observation system, wherein the step of determining the lateral roll of the observation system comprises:
(1) determining parameters of a first shot-checking relation arrangement piece of the three-dimensional observation system before rolling; determining the number of detection lines and the number of detection lines according to the parameters of a first shot-to-test relation array sheet before the start of rolling of the three-dimensional observation system, and listing the numerical values of integral multiples of all the detection line distances: defining n as the result of dividing the transverse rolling distance by the line detection distance, wherein n is an integer; the listed n values are greater than 1 and less than the number of detector lines;
(2) screening the n value: calculating the result m obtained by dividing the number of the detection lines by n; if m is an even number, selecting the value n corresponding to m, otherwise, discarding;
(3) according to the n value screened out in the step (2), multiplying the detection line distance by the n value to obtain a transverse rolling distance corresponding to the selected n value;
(4) and (4) selecting a final result from the more than two transverse rolling distances obtained in the step (3) as the transverse rolling distance of the observation system.
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