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CN112739282A - 手术机器人系统 - Google Patents

手术机器人系统 Download PDF

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CN112739282A
CN112739282A CN201980058898.9A CN201980058898A CN112739282A CN 112739282 A CN112739282 A CN 112739282A CN 201980058898 A CN201980058898 A CN 201980058898A CN 112739282 A CN112739282 A CN 112739282A
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海门·卡帕迪亚
兰根·米什拉
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/30Surgical robots
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/70Manipulators specially adapted for use in surgery
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
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    • B25J9/10Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
    • B25J9/12Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements electric
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B2017/00017Electrical control of surgical instruments
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B2017/00477Coupling
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/30Surgical robots
    • A61B2034/302Surgical robots specifically adapted for manipulations within body cavities, e.g. within abdominal or thoracic cavities
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/30Surgical robots
    • A61B34/37Leader-follower robots

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Abstract

用于在机器人手术系统中使用的器械驱动单元包含:滑架,其配置成联接到机器人臂;毂,其旋转地联接到所述滑架且配置成不可旋转地联接到机电手术器械;多个电动马达,其布置在所述滑架中;多个驱动轴,其可旋转地支撑在所述毂中;以及多个驱动齿轮。每个电动马达包括定子和设置在定子内的转子。每个驱动齿轮固定至对应的驱动轴并且配置成用于与机电手术器械的对应从动构件介接。每个转子配置成响应于相应电动马达的激活而使对应驱动齿轮旋转,以致动所述机电手术器械的功能。

Description

手术机器人系统
背景技术
手术机器人系统一直用于微创医疗手术。一些手术机器人系统包含支撑手术机器人臂的控制台和具有安装到机器人臂的至少一个末端执行器(例如,钳子或抓取工具)的手术器械。机器人臂向手术器械提供机械动力来实现其操作和移动。
手动操作的手术器械通常包含用于致动手术器械的功能的手柄组件。然而,当使用机器人手术系统时,通常不存在手柄组件来致动末端执行器的功能。因此,为了将每一个独特手术器械与机器人手术系统一起使用,使用器械驱动单元与所选择的手术器械介接来驱动手术器械的操作。
器械驱动单元通常通过滑件联接到机器人臂。滑件允许器械驱动单元和所附接的手术器械沿着滑件的轴线移动,从而提供用于调整手术器械的末端执行器的轴向位置的装置。
发明内容
根据本公开的方面,提供一种用于在机器人手术系统中使用的器械驱动单元,且所述器械驱动单元包含:滑架,其配置成联接到机器人臂;毂,其旋转地联接到所述滑架且配置成不可旋转地联接到机电手术器械;多个电动马达,其布置在所述滑架中;多个驱动轴,其可旋转地支撑在所述毂中;以及多个驱动齿轮。每个电动马达包括定子和设置在定子内的转子。每个驱动齿轮固定至对应的驱动轴并且配置成用于与机电手术器械的对应从动构件介接。每个转子配置成响应于相应电动马达的激活而使对应驱动齿轮旋转,以致动所述机电手术器械的功能。
在各方面中,每个定子可以相对于滑架固定,并且每个转子可以相对于对应的定子并且在对应的定子内旋转。
在一些方面,电动马达可以垂直地堆叠在滑架内。
在其他方面,器械驱动单元可进一步包括:驱动马达,其包括固定在滑架内的定子;以及转子,其布置在驱动马达的定子内并且不可旋转地联接至所述毂。所述驱动马达的转子可配置成使所述毂围绕由所述毂限定的中心纵向轴线旋转。
在其它方面,所述器械驱动单元可进一步包含套筒,所述套筒可旋转地联接到所述滑架的远端部分且不可旋转地联接到所述毂。所述套筒可配置成不可旋转地收纳所述机电手术器械,使得所述毂的旋转引起所述机电手术器械的旋转。
在方面中,器械驱动单元可以进一步包含多个齿圈。每个齿圈可以固定到相应的转子并且可操作地联接到相应的驱动齿轮。
在一些方面,每个齿圈可以同心地设置在相应的转子内,使得转子的旋转导致相应的齿圈的旋转。
在其它方面中,所述齿圈可竖直地堆叠在所述毂内。
在其它方面中,第一电动马达、第一齿圈和第一驱动齿轮可以彼此可操作地联接且沿着第一水平面对准,且第二电动马达、第二齿圈和第二驱动齿轮可以彼此可操作地联接且沿着从所述第一水平面竖直地位移的第二水平面对准。
在另一方面,所述齿圈可相对于彼此独立地旋转。
在各方面中,第一齿圈可在其内周边上具有齿轮齿。齿轮齿可与相应的驱动齿轮介接,并且第一齿圈的外周边可附接到相应转子的内周边。
在一些方面,所述驱动轴可沿圆周彼此间隔开。
在其它方面中,所述驱动齿轮可彼此竖直地偏移。
在其它方面中,每个驱动轴可具有配置成用于与所述机电手术器械的对应从动构件介接的远端部分。
在本公开的另一方面,提供一种用于在机器人手术系统中使用的器械驱动单元,且所述器械驱动单元包含:滑架,其配置成联接到机器人臂;多个电动马达,其支撑在所述滑架中;以及多个驱动轴,其沿圆周彼此间隔开。每个电动马达包括定子和设置在定子内的转子。驱动轴被配置成与机电手术器械的对应从动构件介接。每个驱动轴具有围绕其固定的驱动齿轮,且每个驱动齿轮相对于彼此安置在离散的竖直位置处。每个转子配置成响应于相应电动马达的激活而使对应驱动齿轮旋转,以致动所述机电手术器械的功能。
在方面中,器械驱动单元可以进一步包含多个竖直堆叠的齿圈。每个齿圈可以固定到相应的转子并且可操作地联接到相应的驱动齿轮,使得每个转子被配置为响应于相应电动马达的激活而旋转相应的驱动齿轮,以致动机电手术器械的功能。
在一些方面,所述器械驱动单元可进一步包含旋转地联接到所述滑架的毂,以及可操作地联接到所述毂的驱动马达。所述毂可配置成不可旋转地联接到所述机电手术器械。所述驱动轴可旋转地支撑在所述毂中。所述驱动马达可配置成使所述毂围绕由所述毂限定的中心纵向轴线旋转。
下文参考附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施例的其它细节和方面。
如本文中所使用,术语平行和竖直应理解为包含与真实平行和真实竖直相差约+或-10度的基本上平行和基本上竖直的相对配置。
附图说明
本文中参考附图描述本公开的实施例,其中:
图1是根据本公开的包含联接到滑件的器械驱动单元的手术机器人系统的示意图;
图2是图1的手术机器人系统的器械驱动单元的透视图,其中去除了外滑架;
图3是图2的器械驱动单元的纵向截面视图,其中去除了外滑架;
图4是图2的器械驱动单元的另一纵向截面视图,其中示出了外滑架;和
图5是图2的器械驱动单元的侧截面视图。
具体实施方式
参考附图详细地描述本发明所公开的手术机器人系统和其器械驱动单元的实施例,图中相同的附图标记指代若干视图中的每一个视图中的相同或对应元件。如本文所用,术语“远侧”是指手术机器人系统或其部件中最靠近患者的那个部分,而术语“近侧”是指所述手术机器人系统或其部件中更远离所述患者的那个部分。如本文所用,术语“竖直”是指沿着手术机器人系统的一部分的纵向轴线定义的方向,而术语“水平”是指沿着手术机器人系统的一部分的横向轴线定义的方向。
如下文将详细地描述,提供一种手术机器人系统的器械驱动单元,其配置成允许手术器械的底部装载。器械驱动单元具有多个驱动轴,每个驱动轴配置成联接到手术器械的对应从动构件以用于执行手术器械的离散功能。器械驱动单元的驱动轴通过离散传动组件可操作地联接到器械驱动单元的离散电动马达。传动组件的配置允许减小器械驱动单元的总高度(例如,器械驱动单元更紧凑)。例如,传动组件的齿轮从其它传动组件的齿轮竖直地和水平地偏移。器械驱动单元还可包含旋转地支撑驱动轴的可旋转毂。毂配置成通过单独的驱动马达旋转,以使所附接的手术器械能围绕其纵向轴线旋转。下文进一步详述所公开的器械驱动单元的其它特征和益处。
首先参考图1,例如手术机器人系统1等手术系统大体上包含:多个手术机器人臂2、3;细长形滑件13,其联接到机器人臂2、3中的每一个机器人臂的末端;器械驱动单元20和机电器械10,其均可拆卸地附接到滑件13且配置成沿着滑件13移动;控制装置4;和操作控制台5,其与控制装置4联接。操作控制台5包含:显示装置6,其被特定地设置成显示三维图像;以及手动输入装置7、8,借助于所述手动输入装置,例如外科医生等人员(未示出)能够在第一操作模式下远程操控机器人臂2、3,如大体上为所属领域技术人员所知。
机器人臂2、3中的每一个可以由通过接合件连接的多个构件组成。机器人臂2、3可以由连接到控制装置4的电驱动器(未示出)驱动。控制装置4(例如,计算机)被设置成特定地借助于计算机程序激活驱动器,其方式为使得机器人臂2、3,所附接的器械驱动单元20以及因此机电器械10根据借助于手动输入装置7、8限定的移动而执行期望的移动。控制装置4还可以被设置,其方式为使得控制装置调节器械驱动单元20沿着滑件13的移动,机器人臂2、3的移动和/或驱动器的移动。
手术机器人系统1配置成在躺在手术台“ST”上待借助于例如机电器械10等手术器械以微创方式治疗的患者“P”上使用。手术机器人系统1还可以包含多于两个机器人臂2、3,额外的机器人臂同样连接到控制装置4并可借助于操作控制台5进行远程操控。手术器械,例如机电手术器械10(包含机电末端执行器)也可以附接到额外机器人臂。
控制装置4可以控制多个马达,例如马达(马达1...n),其中每一马达被配置成在多个方向上驱动机器人臂2、3的移动。此外,控制装置4可控制器械驱动单元20的多个驱动马达22(图2-5)以驱动手术器械10的各种操作。器械驱动单元20将动力和致动力从其马达传递到机电器械10的从动构件(未示出),以最终驱动所述机电器械10的末端执行器的部件的移动,例如刀片(未示出)的移动和/或所述末端执行器的钳口构件的闭合和打开。
对于机器人手术系统的构造和操作的详细描述,可参考标题为“医疗工作站(Medical Workstation)”的第8,828,023号美国专利,其全部内容以引用的方式并入本文中。
参考图2-5,现将详细地描述器械驱动单元20。器械驱动单元20包含滑架26(图4)和可旋转地联接到所述滑架26的远端部分26b的联轴器或套筒28,以用于将手术器械10(图1)连接到所述器械驱动单元20。器械驱动单元20的滑架26配置成可滑动地联接到沿着滑件13(图1)纵向限定的线性轨道(未示出)。滑架26的近端部分26a容纳多个电动马达22a、22b、22c、22d、22d、22e(在本文中统称为“22”),以用于执行所附接的手术器械10的各种功能。
滑架26限定穿过其的纵向延伸的通道30,所述通道的尺寸设定成用于收纳器械驱动单元20的毂46。远端部分26b具有环形凸缘32(图4),所述环形凸缘从滑架26的内周表面径向地向内延伸。环形凸缘32配置成支撑器械驱动单元20的内部部件。在实施例中,滑架26的基座26b的远端部分可具有收纳在其中的滑环33,以用于在固定结构(例如,电动马达22)与旋转结构(例如,机电手术器械10)之间传递电信号或电力。由滑环33传递的电信号可以是来自机电手术器械10的与所述手术器械10的状态和位置和/或邻近组织结构的状态和位置相关的反馈信号。例如,反馈可包含手术器械10的温度、所述手术器械10所受的力,和/或所述手术器械10的某些结构相对于彼此或相对于邻近组织结构的位置。
器械驱动单元20的联轴器或套筒28可旋转地联接到滑架26的远端部分26b。套筒28具有收纳在滑架26的通道30内并固定到毂46的近端部分28a,使得套筒28随毂46旋转。套筒28具有固定在其中的多个环形构件29(图4),所述环形构件具有延伸穿过其中的相应驱动轴66。毂46的旋转使驱动轴66随之旋转,所述驱动轴的旋转又驱动套筒28的旋转,如将要描述的。套筒28具有配置成将手术器械10的主体部分非旋转地固定在其中的远端部分28b。套筒28可具有一对闩锁构件31a、31b,所述闩锁构件配置成可释放地保持机电手术器械10的主体部分。因此,当手术器械10联接到器械驱动单元20时,套筒28的旋转引起所附接的手术器械28的旋转。
器械驱动单元20的电动马达22隐藏在滑架26内。电动马达22彼此竖直地堆叠,并且可以经由控制装置4(图1)独立地致动。电动马达中的一个,例如第五电动马达22e,配置成在手术器械10联接到器械驱动单元20时实现所述手术器械10的旋转,且其余电动马达22a、22b、22c、22d配置成致动所述手术器械10的功能,如将描述的。电动马达22是集成的AC马达。在实施例中,电动马达22可以是任何合适类型的电动马达,例如AC无刷马达、DC有刷马达、DC无刷马达、直接驱动马达、伺服马达、步进马达等。可以考虑并且在本公开的范围内,电动马达22为空心马达等的形式。还考虑其它类型的马达。
虽然器械驱动单元20示出为具有五个电动马达,但考虑,所述器械驱动单元20可具有多于或少于五个电动马达。
电动马达22分别具有固定在滑架内的定子40a、40b、40c、40d、40e(在本文中统称为“40”),以及可旋转地布置在对应的定子40内的转子42a、42b、42c、42d、42e(在本文中统称为“42”)。每个定子40可以是环形的,并且彼此叠置以形成空心圆柱体43,如图2中最佳所示。通过在相邻的垂直堆叠的定子40之间插入绝缘材料45,使定子40彼此电隔离。定子40可被配置成从电源(未明确示出)接收电流以产生驱动转子42旋转的旋转磁场。
每个转子42可以被配置为永磁体、电磁体或任何其他合适的导体。转子42竖直地堆叠在由定子40形成的中空圆柱体43内,并且能够绕由中空圆柱体43限定的中心纵向轴线“X”相对于彼此独立地旋转。转子42可旋转地支撑在绝缘材料45上。可以考虑,轴承51可以插入在相邻的垂直堆叠的转子42之间,以促进转子42的独立旋转。
器械驱动单元20的毂46被支撑在由定子40形成的中空圆柱体43中。毂46配置成相对于中空圆柱体43并在该中空圆柱体内旋转。毂46具有安置成邻近其相应近端和远端的一对近侧和远侧板58a、58b。板58a、58b将轮毂46轴向地支撑在滑架26中。毂46具有在板58a、58b之间竖直地延伸的多个支撑支柱47,从而连接所述板58a、58b并为毂46提供完整性。毂46还包括从近侧板58a向近侧延伸的环构件49。轮毂46的环构件49具有设置在其周围并固定在其上的第五电动马达22e的转子42e。因此,第五电动马达22e的转子42e的旋转驱动毂46相对于滑架26围绕由所述中空圆柱体43限定的中心纵向轴线“X”旋转。
继续参考图2-5,器械驱动单元20进一步包含多个传动组件60a、60b、60c、60d(在本文中统称为“60”),所述多个传动组件彼此独立地起作用以将扭矩从对应电动马达22传递到所附接的手术器械10的对应从动构件。每个传动组件60a、60b、60c、60d可包含彼此可操作地联接的齿圈62a、62b、62c、62d(在本文中统称为“62”)、驱动齿轮64a、64b、64c、64d(在本文中统称为“64”)和驱动轴66a、66b、66c、66d(在本文中统称为“66”)。
传动组件60的部件沿着由中空圆柱体43限定的中心纵向轴线“X”彼此竖直地偏移,且每个传动组件60的某些部件沿着水平面对准。例如,第一传动组件60a(例如,最远侧传动组件)的第一齿圈62a和第一驱动齿轮64a彼此可操作地联接且沿着第一水平面“P1”基本上对准,且第二传动组件60b的第二齿圈62b和第二驱动齿轮64b彼此可操作地联接且沿着第二水平面“P2”基本上对准,所述第二水平面沿着纵向轴线“X”从第一水平面“P1”竖直地位移(例如,向远侧安置)。其余的传动组件60c和60d也安置在离散水平面中。虽然仅示出四个传动组件,但考虑,器械驱动单元20可具有多于或少于四个传动组件。
传动组件60的齿圈62竖直地堆叠在中空圆柱体43内。确切地说,齿圈62沿着由中空圆柱体43限定的中心纵向轴线“X”同轴。齿圈62围绕毂46的支撑支柱47安置,且插入在毂46的近侧和远侧板58a、58b之间。
如图5中最佳所示,每个齿圈62具有粘附到相应转子42的内周73的外周70,使得每个齿圈62和转子42对(例如,齿圈62d和转子42d)相对于对应的定子40一起旋转。每个齿圈62具有从其内周72延伸的齿轮齿68。如将要描述的,每个齿圈62的内周72上的齿轮齿68与对应的驱动齿轮64介接。在实施例中,每个齿圈62可被配置为转子42,而不是与转子42一体地连接。
参考图3-5,传动组件60a、60b、60c、60d的驱动轴66a、66b、66c、66d纵向延伸穿过毂46且从其向远侧延伸。具体地说,驱动轴66中的每一个具有:近端部分67a,其可旋转地联接到毂46的近侧板58a;中间部分67c,其在所述毂46的近侧和远侧板58a、58b之间延伸;以及远端部分67b,其从所述毂46的远侧板58b向远侧延伸。驱动轴66围绕中空圆柱体43的中心纵向轴线“X”沿圆周彼此间隔开。驱动轴66相对于毂46围绕其相应纵向轴线自由旋转。
驱动轴66中的每一个的远端部分67b配置成可操作地联接到手术器械10的从动构件(未明确示出)。例如,驱动轴66中的每一个驱动轴的远端部分67b可具有联接器(例如,齿轮)以用于与手术器械10的从动构件的对应联接器联接。因此,在将机电器械10底部装载到器械驱动单元20中之后,所述器械驱动单元20的驱动轴66的远端部分67b可操作地联接到所述机电器械10的主体部分(未示出)的远端中的齿轮/联接器,使得每个驱动轴66的旋转使所述手术器械10的对应地联接的从动构件旋转,以实现手术器械的离散功能(例如,末端执行器的打开/闭合、末端执行器的关节运动等)。
驱动轴66各自具有围绕其旋转地固定的驱动齿轮64,例如正齿轮。驱动齿轮64中的每一个驱动齿轮定位在其相应驱动轴66上的离散竖直位置处,使得驱动齿轮64彼此竖直地偏移选定距离。由于除竖直地偏移之外,驱动齿轮64还沿圆周彼此间隔开,因此驱动齿轮64在所有三个维度上彼此偏移。如上文所提及,驱动齿轮64各自与对应齿圈62的内周边72上的齿轮齿68介接或互相啮合,且从其中接收源自相应转子42的扭矩。
在操作中,通过使机电器械10的主体部分在近侧方向上穿过器械驱动单元20的套筒28,所述机电器械10联接到所述器械驱动单元20。套筒28的闩锁构件31a、31b可接合手术器械10(图1)的主体部分的相对的侧面,以选择性地使所述手术器械10保持在套筒28内。在机电器械10的主体部分附接到器械驱动单元28的套筒28的情况下,驱动轴66中的每一个的远端部分67b与所述机电器械10的所述主体部分的近端中的对应齿轮/联接器(未示出)介接。
在机电器械10联接至器械驱动单元20的情况下,为了致动手术器械10的特定功能,例如所述手术器械10的末端执行器的打开或闭合,器械驱动单元20的电动马达22中的一个,例如第一电动马达22a通过控制装置4(图1)被激活。第一电动马达22a的激活包括向其定子40a供应电流,这驱动其转子42a的旋转。可以考虑,电动马达22a的控制装置4或处理器(未示出)产生围绕定子40a的旋转磁场以驱动转子42a的旋转。转子42a的旋转致动第一传动组件60a,以将扭矩从转子42a传递到机电器械10的第一从动构件。
第一传动组件60a的致动包括第一传动组件60a的第一齿圈62a随着转子42a的旋转,该旋转又使第一传动组件60a的第一驱动齿轮64a旋转。由于第一驱动齿轮64a围绕第一驱动轴66a旋转地固定,且所述第一驱动轴66a的远端部分67b可操作地联接到手术器械10(图1)的第一从动构件的近端,因此所述第一驱动齿轮64a的旋转使第一驱动轴66a旋转,由此旋转机电器械10的第一从动构件以致动所述手术器械10的相关功能。
考虑,第五电动马达22e可配置成在传动组件60a、60b、60c、60d中的任何一个的致动期间阻止转子42e的旋转,使得所述传动组件60a、60b、60c、60d中的一个的致动不会无意中引起毂46的旋转。
为了使机电器械10围绕其纵向轴线旋转,器械驱动单元20的第五电动马达22e由控制装置4(图1)激活。第五电动马达22e的激活包括向其定子40e供应电流,这驱动其转子42e的旋转。由于转子42e固定到毂46的环构件49,所以转子42e的旋转使毂46绕中心纵向轴线“X”旋转。由于驱动轴66延伸穿过毂46的远侧板58b和套筒28的环形构件29(图4),因此所述套筒28随所述毂46旋转。在机电器械10非旋转地支撑在套筒28中的条件下,所述机电器械10随所述套筒28相对于滑架26旋转以改变所述机电器械10的旋转定向。
电动马达22a、22b、22c、22d可配置成同步使转子40a、40b、40c、40d旋转,且进而利用毂46的旋转而驱动齿轮64a、64b、64c、64d。这将防止驱动轴66a、66b、66c、66d在毂46的旋转期间围绕其相应纵向轴线旋转,如果驱动齿轮64a、64b、64c、64d在所述毂46的旋转期间保持静止,则这种情况可能会发生。相反地,第五电动马达22e可以在电动马达22a、22b、22c、22d之一的致动期间被致动,使得通过驱动轴64之一传递的任何扭矩将不导致毂46的旋转。
如可了解,上文所描述的器械驱动单元20提高手术机器人系统1的可用性、减少整个系统1的占地面积、改进安全架构、减少在紧急情况下移除手术器械所需的时间且简化在所述器械驱动单元20中使用的电子设备。
应理解,可对本文所公开的实施例进行各种修改。因此,以上描述不应被解释为限制性的,而仅仅是作为各种实施例的例证。所属领域的技术人员将设想在本文所附的权利要求书的范围和精神内的其它修改。

Claims (20)

1.一种用于在机器人手术系统中使用的器械驱动单元,所述器械驱动单元包括:
滑架,其配置成联接到机器人臂;
毂,其旋转地联接到所述滑架并且配置成不可旋转地联接到机电手术器械;
多个电动马达,其被设置在所述滑架中,所述多个电动马达中的每个电动马达包括定子和设置在所述定子内的转子;
多个驱动轴,其旋转地支撑在所述毂中;和
多个驱动齿轮,所述多个驱动齿轮中的每个驱动齿轮固定至所述多个驱动轴中的相应驱动轴,并且配置为与所述机电手术器械的相应的从动构件介接,其中每个转子配置成使所述多个驱动齿轮中的相应驱动齿轮响应于所述多个电动马达中的相应电动马达的激活而旋转,以致动所述机电手术器械的功能。
2.根据权利要求1所述的器械驱动单元,其中每个定子相对于所述滑架固定,并且每个转子相对于对应的定子并且在对应的定子内可旋转。
3.根据权利要求2所述的器械驱动单元,其中所述多个电动马达在所述滑架内竖直堆叠。
4.根据权利要求1所述的器械驱动单元,其进一步包括驱动马达,所述驱动马达包括:
固定在所述滑架内的定子;和
设置在所述驱动马达的定子内并且非旋转地联接到所述毂的转子,其中所述驱动马达的转子配置成使所述毂围绕由所述毂限定的中心纵向轴线旋转。
5.根据权利要求1所述的器械驱动单元,其进一步包括套筒,所述套筒可旋转地联接到所述滑架的远端部分且不可旋转地联接到所述毂,其中所述套筒配置成不可旋转地接收所述机电手术器械,使得所述毂的旋转引起所述机电手术器械的旋转。
6.根据权利要求1所述的器械驱动单元,其进一步包括多个齿圈,所述多个齿圈中的每个齿圈固定至相应的转子并且与所述多个驱动齿轮中的对应驱动齿轮可操作地联接。
7.根据权利要求6所述的器械驱动单元,其中所述多个齿圈中的每个齿圈同心地设置在相应的转子内,使得所述转子的旋转导致所述多个齿圈中的相应的齿圈的旋转。
8.根据权利要求6所述的器械驱动单元,其中所述多个齿圈竖直地堆叠在所述毂内。
9.根据权利要求6所述的器械驱动单元,其中所述多个电动马达中的第一电动马达、所述多个齿圈中的第一齿圈和所述多个驱动齿轮中的第一驱动齿轮彼此可操作地联接且沿着第一水平面对准,并且其中所述多个电动马达中的第二电动马达、所述多个齿圈中的第二齿圈和所述多个驱动齿轮中的第二驱动齿轮彼此可操作地联接且沿着从所述第一水平面竖直地位移的第二水平面对准。
10.根据权利要求6所述的器械驱动单元,其中所述多个齿圈能相对于彼此独立地旋转。
11.根据权利要求6所述的器械驱动单元,其中所述多个齿圈中的至少第一齿圈在其内周边上具有齿轮齿,其中所述第一齿圈的所述内周边上的所述齿轮齿与所述多个驱动齿轮中的对应驱动齿轮介接,且所述第一齿圈的外周边与对应转子的内周边介接。
12.根据权利要求1所述的器械驱动单元,其中所述多个驱动轴沿圆周彼此间隔开。
13.根据权利要求1所述的器械驱动单元,其中所述多个驱动齿轮彼此竖直地偏移。
14.根据权利要求1所述的器械驱动单元,其中所述多个驱动轴中的每个驱动轴具有配置成用于与所述机电手术器械的对应从动构件介接的远端部分。
15.一种用于在机器人手术系统中使用的器械驱动单元,所述器械驱动单元包括:
滑架,其配置成联接到机器人臂;
多个电动马达,其被支撑在所述滑架中,所述多个电动马达中的每个电动马达包括定子和设置在所述定子内的转子;和
多个驱动轴,其沿圆周彼此间隔开且配置成用于与机电手术器械的对应从动构件介接,所述多个驱动轴中的每个驱动轴具有围绕其固定的驱动齿轮,每个驱动齿轮相对于彼此安置在离散的竖直位置处,其中每个转子配置成响应于所述多个电动马达中的相应电动马达的激活而使对应驱动齿轮旋转,以致动所述机电手术器械的功能。
16.根据权利要求15所述的器械驱动单元,其进一步包括多个竖直堆叠的齿圈,所述多个齿圈中的每个齿圈固定至相应的转子并且与对应驱动齿轮可操作地联接,使得每个转子配置成响应于所述多个电动马达中的相应电动马达的激活而使对应驱动齿轮旋转,以致动所述机电手术器械的功能。
17.根据权利要求16所述的器械驱动单元,其中所述多个电动马达中的第一电动马达、所述多个齿圈中的第一齿圈和附接到所述多个驱动轴中的第一驱动轴的第一驱动齿轮彼此可操作地联接且沿着第一水平面对准,并且其中所述多个电动马达中的第二电动马达、所述多个齿圈中的第二齿圈和附接到所述多个驱动轴轮中的第二驱动轴的第二驱动齿轮彼此可操作地联接且沿着从所述第一水平面竖直地位移的第二水平面对准。
18.根据权利要求16所述的器械驱动单元,其中所述多个齿圈中的每个齿圈同心地设置在相应的转子内,使得所述转子的旋转导致所述多个齿圈中的相应的齿圈的旋转。
19.根据权利要求15所述的器械驱动单元,其进一步包括:
毂,其旋转地联接到所述滑架并且配置成不可旋转地联接到所述机电手术器械,所述多个驱动轴旋转地支撑在所述毂中;以及
驱动马达,其可操作地联接到所述毂并且配置成使所述毂围绕由所述毂限定的中心纵向轴线旋转。
20.根据权利要求19所述的器械驱动单元,其进一步包括驱动马达,所述驱动马达包括:
固定在所述滑架内的定子;和
设置在所述驱动马达的定子内并且非旋转地联接到所述毂的转子,其中所述驱动马达的转子配置成使所述毂围绕由所述毂限定的中心纵向轴线旋转。
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