CN112608842B - 一种基于微卫星的细胞水凝胶三维培养装置 - Google Patents
一种基于微卫星的细胞水凝胶三维培养装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种基于微卫星的细胞水凝胶三维培养模块,包括一个或多个全封闭的水凝胶培养单元和可通过远程控制的自动定量加样枪。其中各个封闭的培养单元内填充生物相容性良好的水凝胶;在各个培养单元上层设计了自动定量加样枪,加样枪包括管腔、进样针和可自由活动的活塞,单元活塞的顶端统一安装了由电驱动的压头,压头由控制驱动单元统一控制,可对活塞根据要求进行顺序定量加样或同时定量加样。本发明可在微卫星上实现对干细胞、癌细胞、类器官和血管生成等细胞的三维培养,为空间研究干细胞、癌症、类器官和血管生成奠定基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及空间生物制造技术领域,尤其涉及一种带有全自动定量加样的细胞水凝胶三维培养装置。
背景技术
随着商业航天的蓬勃发展,人类进入了一个新的太空飞行黄金时代,微小卫星为通信、对地遥感、科学研究和技术试验提供了更灵活的平台。微小卫星具有体积小、无人操作和低轨运行等特征,因此,根据微小卫星的特征,开发建立系统的、全自动化的生命科学实验基础模块是开展微卫星生物学实验的基础。
伴随组织工程学的发展,出现了多种能够用于组织细胞的三维立体培养的新型高分子聚合材料。水凝胶能够迅速吸收并保持大量水分且不溶于水,具有三维的网络结构。因此,水凝胶是一种集吸水、保水和缓释一体的功能高分子生物材料,其具有与生物体内细胞外基质高度相似的性质。水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性、温度敏感性、降解性。进一步的,水凝胶成胶速度快,降解速度、孔径大小均可调控,还能够控释生物活性大分子,模拟细胞外微环境,适于进行组织细胞的三维立体培养。
细胞在其自然环境中被一种复杂的细胞外分子网络包围,这种网络称为细胞外基质(ECM)。该网络以生物化学相互作用的形式为周围细胞提供结构和功能。经典2D细胞培养技术因缺少(或广泛减少)这种网络环境而具有局限性,因此,已经开发出多种方法来模拟这种细胞外环境。在这些不同的方法中(水凝胶或刚性支架等支架类,低粘附培养板等无支架类,或用于球状体形成的悬滴法),使用最广泛的方法是水凝胶。
与经典的平面二维细胞培养相比,水凝胶三维培养的优势在于:1)细胞可以生长为更接近生理状态的形状(三维),2)有些水凝胶可定制,从而更好地模拟自然环境;3)可以调整环境的刚度/硬度,使其与来源细胞组织的自然刚度匹配4)无需复杂的实验方案、材料或设备,即可在水凝胶中生长细胞。
因此水凝胶的三维培养已经被广泛应用于干细胞的增殖、分化培养,肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移研究、类器官的三维培养和血管化形成等领域的研究。中国发明CN 109022342A公开了一种以手性水凝胶作为贴壁细胞培养的三维培养体系,根据手性水凝胶良好的生物相容性,以海藻酸钠、透明质酸钠、壳聚糖等物质作为促凝剂而建立的贴壁细胞三维培养体系。中国发明CN110272860B公开了一种基于特异性细胞外基质的细胞三维培养微环境构建方法及应用,其结合了特异性细胞外基质的提取方法、特异性细胞外基质与光固化材料复合制备成水凝胶、在体外三维培养特别是器官芯片技术中的应用。中国发明CN104560714B公开了一种用于培养及检测肺癌细胞的微流控芯片,该微流控芯片由下至上依次包括细胞培养层、微通道层和封盖层,细胞培养层和微通道层由水凝胶材料制成,细胞培养层上设有细胞培养室和代谢物收集池a部,微通道层上设有模拟人体肺部结构的流体微通道和代谢物收集池b部,封盖层覆盖在微通道层上,在封盖层的一端设有与进样口相通的通孔,在封盖层上、且对应于代谢液收集池的位置设有检测窗口。该发明可同时培养多组细胞样本,为细胞提供三维生长环境,其完全模拟人体肺部组织结构,为细胞提供更接近于人体的生长环境。
陈钰,杨春华,樊云龙,等.一种空间细胞培养与在线观测一体化装置的研制[J].生命科学仪器,2019(3):35-40.报道了一种空间细胞培养与在线观测一体化装置的研制与相关性能测试结果。该装置由专用培养单元、通用培养单元和通用操作单元组成,培养基由注射泵驱动,其余液体试剂由蠕动泵驱动。专用培养单元的主要功能是开展细胞间接共培养实验;通用培养单元是通用细胞培养平台;通用操作单元可驱动多种试剂进人通用培养单元中完成固定、裂解、染色或消化等操作。装置内通用培养模块和专用培养模块均配有可调焦可见光显微成像系统,可对培养的细胞进行实时观测并记录细胞的形态。
细胞培养是生命科学中多种研究的基础实验手段,细胞培养为多个领域的生物学研究做出了巨大的贡献。随着生物、医学领域研究的深入和拓展,许多研究对细胞的培养也有了越来越多新的要求,例如需要在微容量环境中较长时间的保持细胞活性,在微重力等特殊环境条件下有效的进行细胞培养并进行科学研究等等。研究表明空间微重力会对细胞的增殖、分化和基因表达产生影响,如微重力可以加速内皮前体细胞向血管细胞分化,也会增强间充质干细胞的增殖与分化。也有研究表明微重力会降低非小细胞肺癌干细胞的干性并促使其凋亡,这对于彻底治愈癌症具有重要的意义。因此空间探索微重力对肿瘤细胞的增殖生长迁移和耐药等行为,具有非常重要的意义。
传统的空间细胞培养的定量加样一般需要借助宇航员协助,但由于微小卫星重量轻、体积小、不能载人等特征,所以亟需设计针对于微卫星细胞培养加样的全自动加样装置。
发明内容
针对现有技术之不足,本发明提供一种用于微卫星的细胞水凝胶三维培养模块,包括:一个或多个全封闭的培养单元,封闭的培养单元内填充了生物相容性良好的水凝胶,各个培养单元上层有微量加样枪,加样枪包括进样针、管腔、可自由活动的活塞、压头和控制驱动单元,单元活塞的顶端外力压头统一连接于控制驱动单元。
根据一种优选的实施方式,所述培养单元的培养腔中载有在地面预铺被的生物相容性良好的水凝胶。
根据一种优选的实施方式,所述微量加样枪的进样针插入所述的水凝胶中,加样枪的管腔装载有混有目的细胞悬液。
根据一种优选的实施方式,所述微量加样枪的活塞顶端,统一设计压头,所有压头统一由控制驱动单元控制。
根据一种优选的实施方式,控制驱动单元由控制器和驱动电机构成,控制器通过遥感接收地面指令,从而控制驱动电机,对活塞根据要求进行顺序定量加样或同时定量加样根据一种优选的实施方式,每个所述培养单元和每个所述微量加样枪一一对应。
根据一种优选的实施方式,所述培养单元(100)包括培养腔(101)和用于容纳所述微量加样枪(200),并与所述微量加样枪(200)构成封闭结构的加样口(102),所述培养腔(101)中载有在地面预铺被的基质胶。
根据一种优选的实施方式,所述培养单元(100)包括培养腔(101)和用于容纳所述微量加样枪(200),并与所述微量加样枪(200)构成封闭结构的加样口(102),所述培养腔(101)中载有在地面预铺备的基质胶和互作细胞。
根据一种优选的实施方式,所述水凝胶三维培养模块还包括远程控制的用于采集肿瘤干细胞迁移图像的自动聚焦显微镜。
根据一种优选的实施方式,所述水凝胶三维培养模块用于微卫星上的肿瘤干细胞迁移研究。
根据一种优选的实施方式,所述水凝胶三维培养模块用于微卫星上的肿瘤干细胞浸润侵袭研究。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明提供了用于微卫星的细胞水凝胶三维培养模块,各个培养单元封闭设计,且铺设了生物相容性的水凝胶,用于实现三维培养干细胞、肿瘤细胞、类器官和血管细胞;培养单元上有一体化的微量加样枪,加样枪的进样针插入水凝胶内,加样针管腔内预先装载有目的细胞悬液,可通过管腔上部的活塞将目的细胞接种于水凝胶内;加样枪由控制驱动单元控制,控制单元控制器可通过遥感接收地面信号,从而开始或者关闭对驱动电机的控制,实现对压力活塞根据要求进行顺序定量加样或同时定量加样。本发明的细胞水凝胶三维培养模块,集成度高,整体设计微型化和自动化,符合微小卫星的实验要求。该设计可在载荷和体积有限的微卫星上实现对干细胞、肿瘤细胞、类器官和血管生成细胞的三维培养,可以在空间环境实现对干细胞增殖分化、肿瘤细胞侵袭迁移、类器官再生、血管生成等领域的研究,还可以用于研究细胞互作的研究,为空间生物学研究具有重要的意义。
附图说明
图1是本发明的水凝胶三维培养模块的结构示意图;
图2是本发明的培养单元和微量加样枪的结构示意图;
图3是本发明的另一优选实施方式的结构示意图。
附图标记列表
100:培养单元 200:微量加样枪
101:培养腔 102:加样口
201:进样针 202:管腔 203:活塞
204:压头 205:控制驱动单元
具体实施方式
下面结合附图1、2和3进行详细说明。
实施例1肿瘤干细胞增殖与浸润
本实施例公开一种用于微卫星的带有自动加样枪的细胞水凝胶三维培养模块。如图1所示,培养模块包括:一个或多个全封闭的培养单元100,能够在微卫星上通过遥感进行自动定量加样的加样枪200,和远程控制的用于采集细胞行为图像的自动聚焦显微镜。
自动聚焦荧光显微镜也是根据微卫星的载荷要求重新设计而成,包括10X的物镜、2.5X的目镜、照相机、LED绿色荧光光源、和自动调焦装置。显微镜固定放置于载物台的下方,可以通过遥控移动载物台来拍摄不同单元中细胞的行为特征。
优选地,如图2所示,培养单元100包括培养腔101和微量加样枪200,并与微量加样枪200构成封闭结构的加样口102,培养腔101中载有在地面预铺被的水凝胶。优选地,地面上4℃液化基质胶,用基质胶与干细胞培养基体积比为1:1混匀后,注入培养腔101中,随后在37℃的培养箱中孵育30分钟,实现细胞基质胶的铺备,而后在基质胶上层注满干细胞培养液。
优选地,在地面上在加样枪的管腔202中吸入含有绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)标记的结直肠癌肿瘤干细胞的细胞悬液,进入太空,经过遥感控制加样器统一将10μL干细胞悬液加入培养腔101的基质胶内,而后每隔12小时,用全自动共聚焦显微镜拍摄一次,观察肿瘤干细胞在基质胶内的生长增殖和浸润情况。
优选地,微量加样枪200包括插入基质胶中的进样针201、在地面上装载有肿瘤干细胞悬液且与加样口102相匹配的管腔202和能够自由活动的压力活塞203,活塞203与远程电驱动的压头204连接,实现空间中的微量加样。
优选地,每个培养单元100和每个微量加样枪200一一对应。
优选地,多个微量加样枪200按照能够实现多个培养单元100的同时加样的方式信号连接于一控制器205。优选地,通过该方式,实现对6至12个培养单元100的同时定量加样。
实施例2肿瘤细胞侵袭与诱导血管生成
本实施例公开一种用于微卫星的带有自动加样枪的细胞水凝胶三维培养模块。如图1所示,培养模块包括:一个或多个全封闭的培养单元100,能够在微卫星上通过遥感进行自动定量加样的加样枪200,和远程控制的用于采集细胞行为图像的自动聚焦显微镜。
优选地,如图3所示,培养单元100包括培养腔101和微量加样枪200,并与微量加样枪200构成封闭结构的加样口102,培养腔101中载有在地面预铺被的水凝胶。优选地,地面上4℃液化基质胶,用基质胶与血管内皮细胞(HUVEC)培养基体积比为1:1混匀后,注入培养腔101中,随后在37℃的培养箱中孵育30分钟,实现细胞基质胶的铺备。而后将带有红色荧光蛋白(RFP)标记的一定浓度的HUVEC细胞悬液铺在固化的基质胶上,并充满101腔室,37度二氧化碳培养箱培养24小时。优选地,在地面上在加样枪的管腔202中吸入含有绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)标记的肿瘤细胞的悬液,在太空中,经过遥感控制加样器统一将10μL肿瘤细胞加入培养腔101的水凝胶层内,而后每隔12小时,用全自动共聚焦显微镜拍摄一次,观察肿瘤细胞在培养腔中对血管内皮层细胞的浸润能力与及其诱导血管内皮向肿瘤生长的能力。
优选地,微量加样枪200包括插入水凝胶表面的进样针201、在地面装载有混有肿瘤细胞的悬液且与加样口102相匹配的管腔202和能够自由活动的活塞203,活塞203与控制驱动单元205控制的压头204连接,实现空间中的微量加样。
优选地,每个培养单元100和每个微量加样枪200一一对应。
优选地,多个微量加样枪200按照能够实现多个培养单元100的同时加样的方式信号连接于一控制器205。
需要注意的是,上述具体实施例是示例性的,本领域技术人员可以在本发明公开内容的启发下想出各种解决方案,而这些解决方案也都属于本发明的公开范围并落入本发明的保护范围之内。本领域技术人员应该明白,本发明说明书及其附图均为说明性而并非构成对权利要求的限制。本发明的保护范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于微卫星的细胞水凝胶三维培养模块,其特征在于,包括:
一个或多个填充水凝胶的全封闭的培养单元(100),
各个所述培养单元(100)上层设置有微量加样枪(200),
其中,所述微量加样枪(200)包括进样针(201)、管腔(202)、活塞(203)、压头(204)和控制驱动单元(205),
其中,设置于所述活塞(203)的顶端的压头(204)统一连接在控制驱动单元(205),控制驱动单元(205)在微卫星上能遥感接收地面信号,通过驱动电机对一个或多个所述培养单元(100)进行定量加样;
微量加样枪(200)的管腔(202)在地面上吸入目的细胞悬液,进入太空后经过遥感控制微量加样枪(200)进行空间中的微量加样。
2.如权利要求1所述的水凝胶三维培养模块,其特征在于,所述微量加样枪(200)的进样针(201)插入所述的水凝胶中,微量加样枪(200)的管腔(202)装载有混有目的细胞悬液。
3.如权利要求2所述的水凝胶三维培养模块,其特征在于,所述微量加样枪(200)的活塞顶端,统一设计压头(204),所有压头(204)统一由控制驱动单元(205)电驱动控制。
4.如权利要求3所述的水凝胶三维培养模块,其特征在于,控制驱动单元(205)由控制器和驱动电机构成,控制器通过遥感接收地面指令,从而控制驱动电机,对活塞根据要求进行顺序定量加样或同时定量加样。
5.如权利要求4所述的水凝胶三维培养模块,其特征在于,每个所述培养单元(100)和每个所述微量加样枪(200)一一对应。
6.如权利要求5所述的水凝胶三维培养模块,其特征在于,所述培养单元(100)包括培养腔(101)和用于容纳所述微量加样枪(200),并与所述微量加样枪(200)构成封闭结构的加样口(102),所述培养腔(101)中载有在地面预铺被的基质胶。
7.如权利要求5所述的水凝胶三维培养模块,其特征在于,所述培养单元(100)包括培养腔(101)和用于容纳所述微量加样枪(200),并与所述微量加样枪(200)构成封闭结构的加样口(102),所述培养腔(101)中载有在地面预铺备的基质胶和互作细胞。
8.如权利要求6或7所述的水凝胶三维培养模块,其特征在于,所述水凝胶三维培养模块还包括远程控制的用于采集肿瘤干细胞迁移图像的自动聚焦显微镜。
9.如权利要求6所述的水凝胶三维培养模块,其特征在于,所述水凝胶三维培养模块用于微卫星上的肿瘤干细胞迁移研究。
10.如权利要求7所述的水凝胶三维培养模块,其特征在于,所述水凝胶三维培养模块用于微卫星上的肿瘤干细胞浸润侵袭研究。
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