CN112544882A - 一种青稞膨化食品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/30—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols, e.g. xylitol; containing starch hydrolysates, e.g. dextrin
- A23L29/37—Sugar alcohols
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/16—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种青稞膨化食品及其制备方法,属于膨化食品领域。该青稞膨化食品的原料组成包括青稞面粉50‑100份、大米粉0‑50份、大麦苗粉0‑10份、山梨糖醇液0‑10份、碳酸氢钾0‑3份。本发明将高原主粮加工成口感松脆、营养丰富、大众易于接受的方便食品,该食品含有丰富的营养物质,易吸收;加工成本低,且产品成型过程物料短时间经高温加热处理,有利于产品的流通及储存;主要原料青稞来自西藏,原料生长环境无污染,属于有机原料,本产品制作过程无防腐剂、无食品助剂的加入,因此本产品可作为休闲食品或特殊人群的功能食品长期食用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于膨化食品领域,具体涉及一种青稞膨化食品及其制备方法。
背景技术
青稞是禾本科大麦属的一种禾谷类作物,因其内外颖壳分离,籽粒裸露,故又称裸大麦、元麦、米大麦。青稞在青藏高原上种植约有3500年的历史,从物质文化之中延伸到精神文化领域,在青藏高原上形成了内涵丰富、极富民族特色的青稞文化。
青稞是世界上麦类作物中β-葡聚糖最高的作物,据检测青稞中β-葡聚糖平均含量为6.57%,优良品种青稞25号可达到8.6%,是小麦中β-葡聚糖平均含量的50倍。β-葡聚糖通过减少肠道粘膜与致癌物质的接触和间接抑制致癌维生物作用来预防结肠癌;通过降血脂和降胆固醇的合成预防心血管疾病:通过控制血糖防治糖尿病。具有提高机体防御能力、调节生理节律的作用。另根据美国科学研究表明,青稞除β-葡聚糖外,青稞还含有一种专门的胆固醇抑制因子,其含量约每公斤100—150毫克。青稞的总膳食纤维含量16%,其中不溶性膳食纤维9.68%,可溶性膳食纤维6.37%,前者是小麦的8倍,后者是小麦的15倍。膳食纤维具有清肠通便,清除体内毒素的良好功效,是人体消化系统的清道夫。青稞淀粉成分独特,普遍含有74—78%的支链淀粉,支链淀粉含大量凝胶黏液,加热后呈弱碱性,对胃酸过多有抑制作用。对病灶可起到缓解和屏障保护作用。
青稞主要生长在藏区,同时也是藏区同胞的主要粮食作物,在藏区,人们将青稞炒后磨成粉拌着酥油吃,俗称糌粑。在内地,随着生活水平的提高,血糖升高、肥胖等“富贵病”随之而来,直接影响着人们的健康,而青稞作为一款营养主粮逐渐的被接受。
膨化食品是以谷物、薯类或豆类等为主要原料,采用膨化工艺如焙烤、油炸、微波或挤压等制成体积明显增大的,具有一定膨化度的一种组织酥脆、香味逼真、风格各异的休闲食品。膨化食品的特点是:1、口感好,粮食类产品经膨化后,口感松脆,食味改善,可使粗粮粗硬的组织结构变得容易被接受,口感适宜;2、有助于消化,原料中的淀粉在膨化过程中很快被糊化,营养成分的保存率和消化率高,有利于营养吸收,另外粮食类含有的膳食纤维有助于消化。
膨化食品的优势:1、富含蛋白质的植物原料经高温短时间的挤压膨化,蛋白质彻底变性,组织结构变成多孔状,有利于同人体消化酶的接触,从而使蛋白质的利用率和可消化率提升;产品不易产生回生现象;2、由于挤压膨化是在高温瞬时进行操作的,故营养物质的损失小;3、由于膨化后的食品已成为熟食,所以大多为即食食品(打开包装即可食用),食用简便,节省时间,是一类极有发展前途的方便食品;4、粮食经过膨化处理后,不仅改变了颗粒的外形,同时也改变了内部的分子结构,在膨化过程中,将不溶性长链淀粉切短成水溶性短链淀粉、糊精和糖,于是膨化食品中的不溶性物质减少了,水溶性物质增多了,这种变化,同粮食在人体淀粉酶的作用下发生的变化很相似,这就是说,膨化食品在还未进入体内的时候,就完成了淀粉的部分裂解过程,所以,膨化食品就特别容易被人体消化和吸收;5、粮食经膨化,等于进行了一次高温灭菌,膨化粉的水分含量低于10%,这样低的水分限制了虫、霉滋生,加强了储存中的稳定性,适于较长期储存。
因此,非常有必要开发一款以青稞为主要原料的,具备健康、营养及口感好的方便功能膨化食品。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种组成简单、方便食用、营养丰富、具有血糖调节功能的青稞食品;另一目的是提供该青稞食品的制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明是通过以下技术方案予以实现的:
本发明提供一种青稞膨化食品,包括以下按重量份计的原料组成:青稞面粉50-100份、大米粉0-50份、大麦苗粉0-10份、山梨糖醇液0-10份、碳酸氢钾0-3份。
可选的,在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述青稞膨化食品,由以下原料组成:青稞面粉50重量份、大米粉41重量份、大麦苗粉3重量份、山梨糖醇液5重量份、碳酸氢钾1重量份。
可选的,在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述青稞膨化食品,由以下原料组成:青稞面粉60重量份、大米粉31重量份、大麦苗粉3重量份、山梨糖醇液5重量份、碳酸氢钾1重量份。
可选的,在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述青稞膨化食品,由以下原料组成:青稞面粉70重量份、大米粉21重量份、大麦苗粉3重量份、山梨糖醇液5重量份、碳酸氢钾1重量份。
可选的,在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述青稞膨化食品,由以下原料组成:青稞面粉80重量份、大米粉11重量份、大麦苗粉3重量份、山梨糖醇液5重量份、碳酸氢钾1重量份。
可选的,在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述青稞膨化食品,由以下原料组成:青稞面粉90.8重量份、大麦苗粉3重量份、山梨糖醇液5重量份、碳酸氢钾1.2重量份。
本发明还提供上述青稞膨化食品的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
①按配方中各原料的重量份分别称取青稞面粉、大米粉、大麦苗粉、碳酸氢钾,混合均匀,再均匀加入山梨糖醇液及上述原料总重量份6%-14%的纯化水进行混合,得到混合物,备用;
②将混合物加入到加料斗中,开启加料斗,使物料均匀流入到双螺杆膨化设备中,物料进入双螺杆膨化设备后经过分区加热、挤压加压后,推进到成型模具处,物料经模具与外界环境接触,因压力、气压的变化,物料迅速膨胀,经裁切后形成中间为空心圆的类圆形青稞膨化圈,输送至干燥设备进行干燥,得到青稞膨化食品。
作为优选,所述青稞膨化圈的内径为3-8mm、外径为10-20mm,厚度为5-12mm。
作为优选,所述加料斗送料频率为20-30Hz,主机转速为20-30Hz,切刀频率为10-15Hz,模具内径为3.5mm、外径为6.5mm。
作为优选,所述双螺杆膨化设备主机各模块温度设定为:第Ⅰ区为50℃,第Ⅱ区为80-120℃,第Ⅲ区为100-130℃,第Ⅳ区为110-140℃,第Ⅴ区为120-150℃,第Ⅵ区为130-160℃。
作为优选,所述干燥设备采用隧道式烘干箱,加热1区温度为100-150℃,加热2区温度为100-150℃,传送带速为8-15Hz。
本发明以青稞面粉作为主要原料,与其他辅料经过混合、加热、挤压加压的方式制成膨化的青稞圈食品,可作为休闲食品直接食用,也可作为休闲食品浸泡到热牛奶中1-3分钟进行食用;亦能够作为糖尿病人调整血糖水平的功能食品或保健食品,乃至作为血糖偏高的人群主食食品;青稞膨化食品食用后饱腹感强,还可作为肥胖人群的主食食品。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有的有益技术效果是:
(1)本发明以青藏高原的青稞为主要原料,配以大米粉,用大麦苗粉调色,以山梨糖醇液调节口感,碳酸氢钾调节酸度,通过挤压膨化技术,将高原主粮加工成口感松脆、营养丰富、大众易于接受的方便食品;
(2)本发明的青稞膨化食品含有丰富的营养物质,易吸收,尤其是β-葡聚糖对人体血糖水平有干预调节作用,是糖尿病人及肥胖人群理想的方便食品;
(3)本发明配方简单,制作工艺路线短,加工成本低,且产品成型过程物料短时间经高温加热处理,有利于产品的流通及储存;
(4)本产品主要原料青稞来自西藏,原料生长环境无污染,属于有机原料,本产品制作过程无防腐剂、无食品助剂的加入,因此本产品可作为休闲食品或特殊人群的功能食品长期食用。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
本实施例提供的一种青稞膨化食品,配方组成为:青稞面粉50重量份、大米粉41重量份、大麦苗粉3重量份、山梨糖醇液5重量份、碳酸氢钾1重量份;该青稞膨化食品的制作工艺包括以下步骤:
①按配方中各原料的重量份分别称取青稞面粉、大米粉、大麦苗粉、碳酸氢钾,混合均匀,再均匀加入山梨糖醇液(以固含物计算)及上述原料总重量份6%-14%的纯化水进行混合,得到混合物,备用;
②将混合物加入到加料斗中,开启加料斗,使物料均匀流入到双螺杆膨化设备中,物料进入双螺杆膨化设备后经过分区加热、挤压加压后,推进到成型模具处,物料经模具与外界环境接触,因压力、气压的变化,物料迅速膨胀,经裁切后形成中间为空心圆的类圆形青稞膨化圈,输送至干燥设备进行干燥,形成内径3-8mm、外径10-20mm,厚度5-12mm的青稞膨化食品。
本实施例中,设备及运行参数为:
加料斗:送料频率30Hz,主机转速28Hz,切刀频率13Hz,模具内径3.5mm、外径6.5mm;
双螺杆膨化机:主机各模块温度设定为第Ⅰ区50℃,第Ⅱ区80℃,第Ⅲ区110℃,第Ⅳ区130℃,第Ⅴ区140℃,第Ⅵ区150℃;
隧道式烘干箱:加热1区温度为130℃,加热2区温度为130℃,传送带速为13Hz。
实施例2
本实施例提供的一种青稞膨化食品,配方组成为:青稞面粉90.8重量份、大麦苗粉3重量份、山梨糖醇液5重量份、碳酸氢钾1.2重量份。
该青稞膨化食品制作工艺包括以下步骤:
该青稞膨化食品的制作工艺包括以下步骤:
①按配方中各原料的重量份分别称取青稞面粉、大米粉、大麦苗粉、碳酸氢钾,混合均匀,再均匀加入山梨糖醇液(以固含物计算)及上述原料总重量份6%-14%的纯化水进行混合,得到混合物,备用;
②将混合物加入到加料斗中,开启加料斗,使物料均匀流入到双螺杆膨化设备中,物料进入双螺杆膨化设备后经过分区加热、挤压加压后,推进到成型模具处,物料经模具与外界环境接触,因压力、气压的变化,物料迅速膨胀,经裁切后形成中间为空心圆的类圆形青稞膨化圈,输送至干燥设备进行干燥,形成内径3-8mm、外径10-20mm,厚度5-12mm的青稞膨化食品。
③设备运行参数为:
本实施例中,设备及运行参数为:
加料斗:送料频率24Hz,主机转速26Hz,切刀频率14Hz,模具内径3.5mm、外径6.5mm;
双螺杆膨化机:主机各模块温度设定为第Ⅰ区50℃,第Ⅱ区80℃,第Ⅲ区110℃,第Ⅳ区130℃,第Ⅴ区140℃,第Ⅵ区150℃;
隧道式烘干箱:加热1区温度为130℃,加热2温度为130℃,传送带速为12Hz。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,本领域技术人员可以在本发明的精神和原则之内作出修改、等同替换和改进等。
Claims (10)
1.一种青稞膨化食品,其特征在于:青稞面粉50-100份、大米粉0-50份、大麦苗粉0-10份、山梨糖醇液0-10份、碳酸氢钾0-3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述青稞膨化食品,其特征在于:由青稞面粉50重量份、大米粉41重量份、大麦苗粉3重量份、山梨糖醇液5重量份、碳酸氢钾1重量份的原料组成。
3.根据权利要求1所述青稞膨化食品,其特征在于:由青稞面粉60重量份、大米粉31重量份、大麦苗粉3重量份、山梨糖醇液5重量份、碳酸氢钾1重量份的原料组成。
4.根据权利要求1所述青稞膨化食品,其特征在于:由青稞面粉70重量份、大米粉21重量份、大麦苗粉3重量份、山梨糖醇液5重量份、碳酸氢钾1重量份的原料组成。
5.根据权利要求1所述青稞膨化食品,其特征在于:由青稞面粉90.8重量份、大麦苗粉3重量份、山梨糖醇液5重量份、碳酸氢钾1.2重量份的原料组成。
6.一种权利要求1所述的青稞膨化食品的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
①按配方中各原料的重量份分别称取青稞面粉、大米粉、大麦苗粉、碳酸氢钾,混合均匀,再均匀加入山梨糖醇液及上述原料总重量份6%-14%的纯化水进行混合,得到混合物,备用;
②将混合物加入到加料斗中,开启加料斗,使物料均匀流入到双螺杆膨化设备中,物料进入双螺杆膨化设备后经过分区加热、挤压加压后,推进到成型模具处,物料经模具与外界环境接触,因压力、气压的变化,物料迅速膨胀,经裁切后形成中间为空心圆的类圆形青稞膨化圈,输送至干燥设备进行干燥,得到青稞膨化食品。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于:所述青稞膨化圈的内径为3-8mm、外径为10-20mm,厚度为5-12mm。
8.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于:所述加料斗送料频率为20-30Hz,主机转速为20-30Hz,切刀频率为10-15Hz,模具内径为3.5mm、外径为6.5mm。
9.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于:所述双螺杆膨化设备主机各模块温度设定为:第Ⅰ区为50℃,第Ⅱ区为80-120℃,第Ⅲ区为100-130℃,第Ⅳ区为110-140℃,第Ⅴ区为120-150℃,第Ⅵ区为130-160℃。
10.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于:所述干燥设备采用隧道式烘干箱,加热1区温度为100-150℃,加热2区温度为100-150℃,传送带速为8-15Hz。
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