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CN112352091A - 控制凸轮轴相位器的装置 - Google Patents

控制凸轮轴相位器的装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112352091A
CN112352091A CN201980043753.1A CN201980043753A CN112352091A CN 112352091 A CN112352091 A CN 112352091A CN 201980043753 A CN201980043753 A CN 201980043753A CN 112352091 A CN112352091 A CN 112352091A
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Prior art keywords
valve
assembly
sliding
camshaft phaser
control device
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Inventor
L·詹布罗内
S·斯托尔茨-杜歇
R·贝尔辛
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BorgWarner Luxembourg Automotive Systems SA
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Delphi Automotive Systems Luxembourg SA
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Publication of CN112352091A publication Critical patent/CN112352091A/zh
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02Valve drive
    • F01L1/04Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047Camshafts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F16K11/0708Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides comprising means to avoid jamming of the slide or means to modify the flow
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F16K11/0716Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides with fluid passages through the valve member
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00Check valves
    • F16K15/14Check valves with flexible valve members
    • F16K15/1401Check valves with flexible valve members having a plurality of independent valve members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00Check valves
    • F16K15/14Check valves with flexible valve members
    • F16K15/16Check valves with flexible valve members with tongue-shaped laminae
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603Multiple-way valves
    • F16K31/061Sliding valves
    • F16K31/0613Sliding valves with cylindrical slides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426Oil control valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426Oil control valves
    • F01L2001/3443Solenoid driven oil control valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/3445Details relating to the hydraulic means for changing the angular relationship
    • F01L2001/34453Locking means between driving and driven members
    • F01L2001/34463Locking position intermediate between most retarded and most advanced positions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L2013/10Auxiliary actuators for variable valve timing
    • F01L2013/101Electromagnets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2303/00Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2820/00Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
    • F01L2820/03Auxiliary actuators
    • F01L2820/031Electromagnets

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

控制凸轮轴相位器(13)的装置(12),所述装置(12)包括:‑液压元件(16),所述液压元件(16)包括本体(28)、具有托块元件(36)的托块组件(30)以及包括第一阀(70)、第二阀(71)和第三阀(73)的阀组件(34);以及‑致动器(14),所述致动器(14)能够沿着纵向轴线(X)在以下位置之间移动:‑第一位置,在第一位置中,第一阀(70)开启或关闭第一流体连通(F1),以及‑第二位置,在第二位置中,第二阀(71)和托块元件(36)开启或关闭第二流体连通(F2),以及‑第三位置,在第三位置中,第三阀(73)和托块元件(36)开启或关闭延迟口(48)与延迟室之间的第三流体连通(F3)。

Description

控制凸轮轴相位器的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种控制内燃发动机(internal combustion engine)的可变凸轮轴相位器的位置的控制装置。
背景技术
凸轮轴相位器(camshaft phaser)用于控制内燃发动机的曲轴皮带轮与凸轮轴之间的角度关系。在双顶置凸轮轴发动机中,使用凸轮轴相位器来使进气凸轮轴偏移,以便使发动机扭矩曲线扩张、在可变高转速(rpm)下增加功率并改善怠速质量。另外,可以由凸轮轴相位器来使排气凸轮偏移,以允许控制排气再循环(EGR),诸如内部EGR阀,这显著减少了污染排放,而且还节省了燃料。
通过转动凸轮轴来提前或延迟位置以改变阀升程的角正时。凸轮轴相位器由使用由油泵加压的润滑油的液压系统来控制。
为了使凸轮轴转动,凸轮轴相位器包括通过链条或皮带连接到曲轴的定子部分,以及固定到凸轮轴的转子部分。
一对或更多对液压室被布置在构成旋转式致动器的转子与定子之间。每对液压室由提前室和延迟室组成。
两种不同的技术使转子相对于定子进行转动运动。
第一种技术包括使用来自油泵的加压油与接近大气压的发动机排泄压力之间的压差。因此,当提前室中的压力大于延迟室中的压力时,转子在提前方向上转动,并且同样地,当延迟室中的压力大于提前室中的压力时,转子在延迟方向上转动。转动方向由四口三位电磁阀来控制。用于转子运动的油量取自高压油路,并经由排泄装置排空,这消耗了液压动力。
第二种技术包括使用被施加在凸轮轴上的扭矩振荡,该扭矩振荡来自于阀弹簧的压缩力。这些振荡被传送到转子,这在每对提前室和延迟室上产生了压差。每对室通过一通道液压地连接,该通道包括允许油在一个方向上流动的阀。转子在一个方向上转动。转动的提前方向或延迟方向由五口三位电磁阀来选择。阀被集成在电磁阀的滑动组件中。根据滑动组件的位置,在提前方向或延迟方向上进行转动。在转子运动期间驱出的油量在提前室与延迟室之间传送。油在相位器内再循环,并且因此不消耗液压动力。需要经由加压油路从油泵供给油。为了避免将凸轮轴相位器的内部压力排放到发动机的油路并且破坏发动机的油路,在控制电磁阀的入口处使用第二阀。目前使用的阀是球型或弹簧型的,并且必须具有与凸轮轴相位器的预期性能兼容的透过率/尺寸比(permeability/size ratio),这是难以实现的。
制造商正在寻求针对凸轮轴相位器的越来越紧凑的解决方案。由于在发动机中凸轮轴相位器的可用空间不足,因此不能使用诸如还被称为相位器中的中央供油器(被称作“筒形止回阀”)的控制装置之类的解决方案。为此,必须在更紧凑的凸轮轴相位器与其转动速度之间寻求折衷。
在本文中,本发明旨在解决与已知阀相关联的至少一个问题。
发明内容
本发明通过提供一种控制装置来解决上述问题,该控制装置控制凸轮轴相位器,以锁定或释放内燃发动机的凸轮轴相位器的转子。此外,该控制装置包括液压元件,该液压元件包括本体、具有滑动体的滑动组件、密封件以及包括第一阀、第二阀和第三阀的阀组件。该控制装置还包括电磁致动器,该电磁致动器连接到液压元件的滑动组件,该滑动组件能够沿着纵向轴线在以下位置之间移动:
-第一位置,在该第一位置,第一阀开启或关闭滑动体的提前口与凸轮轴相位器的提前室之间的第一流体连通,以及
-第二位置,在该第二位置,第二阀和滑动体开启或关闭来自发动机的油路与滑动体的供给口之间的第二流体连通,以及
-第三位置,在该第三位置,第三阀和滑动体开启或关闭滑动体的延迟口与凸轮轴相位器的延迟室之间的第三流体连通。另外,在本发明的第一实施方式中,阀组件包括集成在柔性单件式部件中的至少三个阀。此外,各个阀包括连接到两个柔性臂的至少一个叶片,并且其中该阀连接到两个相邻的刚性环。在本发明的第二实施方式中,阀组件包括纵向条和集成在柔性单件式部件中的至少三个阀。此外,阀包括连接到沿着纵向轴线延伸的柔性臂的至少一个叶片,并且纵向条将阀连接到相邻的阀。另外,纵向条连接两个相邻的阀。一种制造根据上述本发明的两个实施方式的控制装置的方法包括以下步骤:
-将阀组件插入到滑动体中,
-将滑动插件插入到在前一步骤中获得的组件中,
-将波纹状止动环插入到在前一步骤中获得的组件中,
-将压缩弹簧插入到本体中,
-将滑动组件插入到本体中,
-将液压元件与电磁致动器压接。
附图说明
现在将参考附图仅通过示例来描述本发明的一个或更多个实施方式,在附图中:
图1是根据本发明的具有控制装置的发动机的立体图;
图2是根据本发明的具有控制装置的发动机的截面图;
图3是根据本发明的控制装置的截面图;
图4是根据本发明的控制装置的立体图;
图5是根据本发明第一实施方式的阀组件的立体图;
图6是根据本发明第二实施方式的阀组件的立体图;
图7是根据本发明的具有油流动的控制装置的截面图。
具体实施方式
为了便于并阐明以下描述,从顶部到底部的取向是任意选择的,并且可以使用诸如“上方、下方、顶部、底部、高、低”等之类的词汇和表述,而没有任何意图限制本发明。
图1和图2示出了发动机10、控制装置12和凸轮轴相位器13。控制装置12被布置在形成在发动机10的底端中的孔中。
图3和图4示出了控制装置12。控制装置12包括电磁致动器14和液压元件16。电磁致动器14管理液压元件16。电磁致动器14包括连接件18、线圈20、杆22、壳体24和支架26。连接件18被设置在与液压元件16相反的一端。液压元件16包括本体28、滑动组件30、密封件32、压缩弹簧40和垫圈44。滑动组件30包括阀组件34、滑动体36、滑动插件38和止动环42。
根据图3和图4,滑动组件30被安装在本体28中,并且控制凸轮轴相位器(未示出)的提前室与延迟室之间的流体流动,以使凸轮轴相位器在提前方向或延迟方向上转动。
图3和图4示出了液压元件的本体28。本体28沿着中心纵向轴线X延伸。本体28为圆柱形。本体28包括孔29。滑动组件30限定了内室45,在该内室45中控制螺杆18的再循环压力进行主导。
在下面的描述中使用的术语“至少一个开口(opening)”限定了包括至少一个开口的多个开口。
图3示出了包括本体28的液压元件16,该本体28具有径向布置的三个口(port)46、48、50,这形成了三个口。口46也被称为提前口46。口48被称为延迟口48。口50被称为供给口50。三个口46、48、50设有过滤器53。
在图3中,供给口50具有连接到发动机(未示出)的加压油路的至少一个开口。提前口46具有连接到凸轮轴相位器13(未示出)的转子的提前室的至少一个开口。延迟口48具有连接到凸轮轴相位器13(未示出)的转子的延迟室的至少一个开口。
图3示出了包括开口54、56、58、60的滑动体36。开口54、56、58全部围绕滑动体36径向布置。开口54也被称为提前开口54。开口58也被称为供给开口58。开口56也被称为延迟开口56。开口60也被称作再循环开口60。滑动体36包括至少提前开口54、至少延迟开口56、至少供给开口58以及至少再循环开口60。开口54、56、58经由内室45承受再循环压力。内室45被布置在滑动插件38与滑动体36之间。
根据图3,滑动组件30被布置在液压元件16的本体28中形成的孔内。滑动组件30沿着纵向轴线X延伸。不管滑动组件30在纵向轴线X上的位置如何,供油开口58与供给口50连通。取决于滑动组件30在纵向轴线X上的位置,再循环开口60与提前口46或延迟口48连通。取决于滑动组件30在纵向轴线X上的位置,提前开口54可以与或可以不与提前口46连通。取决于滑动组件30在纵向轴线X上的位置,延迟开口56可以与或可以不与延迟口48连通。
根据图3,示出了滑动体的再循环开口60和供给开口58。再循环开口60和供给开口58在垂直于纵向轴线X的周向方向上是长形(elongate)的。以此方式,滑动体的再循环开口60和供给开口58各自具有长方形(oblong)投影截面。针对沿着轴线X的相同宽度,该长方形横截面允许比圆形开口更大的流动表面积,并因此允许更多的流体流过提前口46、延迟口48和供给口50。
根据图3,再循环开口60和供油开口58面向阀组件34的叶片62来定位。阀组件34被布置在滑动体36的孔中,使得阀组件34的外表面与滑动体36的内表面接触。
根据图5描述第一实施方式。阀组件34是管状的,即,它具有圆柱形形状并且在两端66处是开口的。油可以流过阀组件34的内部容积,其中,油沿着中心纵向轴线X的方向流动。阀组件34的管的厚度与该管的直径相比非常小,即大约为直径的0.1%到10%。阀组件34至少包括三个刚性环68并且至少包括第一阀70、第二阀71和第三阀73。各个阀70、71、73包括连接到两个柔性臂72、74的至少一个叶片62,并且各个阀70、71、73连接到两个连续的刚性环68。阀组件34包括由内部切口或外部切口形成的至少一个角分度元件76。如图2、图3和图4所示,角分度元件76不允许阀组件34在液压元件16的本体28内转动。刚性环68可以具有一个或更多个不同形状的开口以允许油在阀组件34内循环。叶片62在管状阀组件34的切线方向上是长形的。叶片62的形状限定了一长方形形状,该长方形形状与滑动体的再循环开口58和供给开口60的长方形截面互补。此外,叶片62的表面积大于滑动体的再循环开口60和供给开口58的表面积。对两个表面的覆盖提供了单向阀工作所需的油封。阀组件34包括在垂直于纵向轴线X的周向方向上布置的多个阀70。在其它另选方案中,阀组件34可以包括周向布置的阀70、71、73和沿着纵向轴线X线性布置的阀70、71、73两者。在周向方向上,各对柔性臂72、74朝向叶片62的后部延伸,并具有足够的空间来将下一个叶片在周向方向上布置在成对的柔性臂72、74之间。将叶片62布置在相同的周向方向上使得能够增加阀组件34的透过率/尺寸比。
在上述实施方式中,叶片62和臂72、74刚性固定到彼此。例如,阀组件34可以通过例如用激光切割诸如钢之类的圆柱形金属管而形成。上述阀组件34的实施方式的其它变型是可能的,例如从金属板开始,然后通过冲压或激光或化学侵蚀来切割,然后轧制金属板,最后焊接所轧制的金属板。
根据图5,各个阀70、71、73由成对的弹性臂72、74来限定。臂72、74也被称为第一臂72和第二臂74。根据图4,弹簧臂72、74在远离阀70的叶片62的方向上岔开。第一弹簧臂72在图4的左侧朝着第一端66延伸,而第二弹簧臂74在右侧朝着阀组件34的打开的第二端67延伸。
弹簧臂72、74的宽度较细。由于臂的细长性(slenderness),所以在阀70、71、73的弹簧臂72、74之间限定了叶片的开口80。
在第二实施方式中,图6中所描绘的控制阀组件34是管状的,即,控制阀组件34具有圆柱形形状并且在两端80处是开口的。控制阀组件34的形状被称为折纸(origami)形状。阀组件34包括至少三个阀70。各个阀70包括连接到柔性臂82和刚性元件86的至少一个叶片62。阀组件34还包括沿着中心纵向轴线X延伸的纵向条84。纵向条84连接两相邻阀70、71、73。两相邻阀70通过沿轴线X延伸的纵向条84互连。臂82沿轴线X纵向布置。纵向条84被布置在两相邻刚性元件86之间。纵向条84用作阀组件34的标志(index)。叶片62在管状阀组件34的切线方向上是长形的。叶片62的形状限定了一矩形形状,该矩形形状与滑动体36的再循环开口60和供给开口58的长方形截面互补。此外,叶片62的表面积大于滑动体的再循环开口60和供给开口58的表面积。
根据图6,弹簧臂82与纵向轴线X成一定角度地移动,同时保持在垂直于轴线X的平面内。弹簧臂82移动靠近中心纵向轴线X。
将简要描述控制凸轮轴相位器13以锁定或释放凸轮轴相位器13的转子的控制装置12的工作。电磁致动器14连接到液压元件16的滑动组件30,该滑动组件30能够沿着纵向轴线X在以下位置之间移动:
-第一位置,在第一位置中,第一阀70开启或关闭凸轮轴相位器13的提前室与滑动体36的提前口46之间的第一流体连通F1,
-第二位置,在第二位置中,第二阀71和滑动体36开启或关闭来自发动机10的油路与滑动体36的供给口50之间的第二流体连通F2,以及
-第三位置,在第三位置中,第三阀73开启或关闭凸轮轴相位器13的延迟室与滑动体36的延迟口48之间的第三流体连通F3。
下面简要描述两个实施方式的阀组件34的工作。当施加在叶片62的外侧上的压力大于施加在叶片62的内侧上的压力时,施加到表面上的力使柔性臂72、74、82变形。臂72、74、82使叶片60折曲,叶片60朝着中心纵向轴线X移动,这解放了滑动体36的再循环开口60和供给开口58。臂72、74、82的最大变形由滑动插件38中的径向止动件来限制。
上述管状阀组件34可以结合到需要这种类型的阀以选择性地阻塞上述开口的车辆的任何其它系统中。
本领域技术人员应当理解,在不脱离所附权利要求的范围的情况下,可以根据多种变型来修改本发明。
下面将描述针对两个实施方式的用于制造和组装上述发明的方法:
组装控制装置12的方法包括以下步骤:
100/将控制阀组件34插入到滑动体36中,
110/将滑动插件38插入到前一步骤100中获得的组件中,
120/将波纹状止动环42插入到前一步骤110中获得的组件中,
130/将压缩弹簧40插入到本体28中,
140/将滑动组件30插入到本体28中,
150/将液压元件16与电磁致动器14压接。
然后,将组装好的控制装置12放置在发动机10上,并且然后将螺钉拧转通过固定胶26并拧紧以进行轴向和转动固定。
所用参考标记列表
10 发动机
12 控制装置
13 凸轮轴相位器
14 电磁致动器
16 液压元件
18 连接件
20 线圈
22 杆
24 壳体
26 固定胶
28 本体
29 孔
30 滑动组件
32 密封件
34 控制阀组件
36 滑动体
38 滑动插件
40 压缩弹簧
42 止动环
44 垫圈
45 内室
46 提前口
48 延迟口
50 供给口
52 排泄口
53 过滤器
54 提前开口
56 延迟开口
58 供给开口
60 再循环开口
62 叶片
66 第一端
67 第二端
68 刚性环
70 阀
72 臂
74 臂
76 分度元件
78 开口
80 端
82 臂
84 纵向条
86 刚性元件

Claims (3)

1.一种控制装置(12),所述控制装置(12)用于控制凸轮轴相位器(13),以锁定或释放内燃发动机(10)的凸轮轴相位器(13)的转子,所述控制装置(12)包括:
-液压元件(16),所述液压元件(16)包括本体(28)、具有滑动体(36)的滑动组件(30)、密封件(32)以及包括第一阀(70)、第二阀(71)和第三阀(73)的阀组件(34);以及
-电磁致动器(14),所述电磁致动器(14)连接到所述液压元件(16)的所述滑动组件(30),所述滑动组件(30)能够沿着纵向轴线(X)在以下位置之间移动:
-第一位置,在所述第一位置,所述第一阀(70)开启或关闭所述滑动体(36)的提前口(46)与所述凸轮轴相位器(13)的提前室之间的第一流体连通(F1),以及
-第二位置,在所述第二位置,所述第二阀(71)和所述滑动体(36)开启或关闭来自所述发动机(10)的油路与所述滑动体(36)的供给口(50)之间的第二流体连通(F2),以及
-第三位置,在所述第三位置,所述第三阀(73)和所述滑动体(36)开启或关闭所述滑动体(36)的延迟口(48)与所述凸轮轴相位器(13)的延迟室之间的第三流体连通(F3),并且
所述阀组件(34)包括集成在柔性单件式部件中的至少三个阀(70、71、73),各个阀(70、71、73)包括连接到两个柔性臂(72、74)的至少一个叶片(62),并且其中,所述阀(70、71、73)连接到两个相邻的刚性环(68)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的控制装置(12),其中,所述阀组件(34)包括纵向条(84)以及集成在柔性单件式部件中的至少三个阀(70、71、73),所述阀(70、71、73)包括连接到沿着所述纵向轴线(X)延伸的柔性臂(82)的至少一个叶片(62),并且所述纵向条(84)将所述阀(70、71、73)连接到相邻的阀(70、71、73)。
3.一种制造根据权利要求1至2中任一项所述的控制装置(12)的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
-将所述阀组件(34)插入到所述滑动体(36)中,
-将滑动插件(38)插入到在前一步骤中获得的组件中,
-将波纹状止动环(42)插入到在前一步骤中获得的组件中,
-将压缩弹簧(40)插入到所述液压元件(16)的所述本体(28)中,
-将所述滑动组件(30)插入到所述液压元件(16)的所述本体(28)中,
-将所述液压元件(16)与所述电磁致动器(14)压接。
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