Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

CN112236826B - 基于控制算法的药物输送系统的安全约束 - Google Patents

基于控制算法的药物输送系统的安全约束 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112236826B
CN112236826B CN201980036711.5A CN201980036711A CN112236826B CN 112236826 B CN112236826 B CN 112236826B CN 201980036711 A CN201980036711 A CN 201980036711A CN 112236826 B CN112236826 B CN 112236826B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
glucose
insulin
user
processor
delivery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201980036711.5A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN112236826A (zh
Inventor
J·欧康纳
J·B·李
T·李
郑亦斌
T·A·佩瑟
J·L·施耐德
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Insulet Corp
Original Assignee
Insulet Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Insulet Corp filed Critical Insulet Corp
Priority to CN202410981097.2A priority Critical patent/CN118750687A/zh
Publication of CN112236826A publication Critical patent/CN112236826A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN112236826B publication Critical patent/CN112236826B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/168Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
    • A61M5/172Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body electrical or electronic
    • A61M5/1723Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body electrical or electronic using feedback of body parameters, e.g. blood-sugar, pressure
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16HHEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H20/00ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
    • G16H20/10ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients
    • G16H20/17ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients delivered via infusion or injection
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14532Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • A61M5/14244Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps adapted to be carried by the patient, e.g. portable on the body
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • A61M5/145Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16HHEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H50/00ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
    • G16H50/20ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/48Other medical applications
    • A61B5/486Biofeedback
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/683Means for maintaining contact with the body
    • A61B5/6832Means for maintaining contact with the body using adhesives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • A61M2005/14208Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps with a programmable infusion control system, characterised by the infusion program
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/142Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
    • A61M5/14244Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps adapted to be carried by the patient, e.g. portable on the body
    • A61M5/14248Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps adapted to be carried by the patient, e.g. portable on the body of the skin patch type
    • A61M2005/14252Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps adapted to be carried by the patient, e.g. portable on the body of the skin patch type with needle insertion means
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/18General characteristics of the apparatus with alarm
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/50General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
    • A61M2205/52General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers with memories providing a history of measured variating parameters of apparatus or patient
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2230/00Measuring parameters of the user
    • A61M2230/20Blood composition characteristics
    • A61M2230/201Glucose concentration

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Primary Health Care (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Diabetes (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Medical Treatment And Welfare Office Work (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)

Abstract

公开一种为胰岛素输送管理程序提供安全约束的系统、方法和计算机可读介质产品。各个例子为基于控制算法的药物输送系统提供安全约束,所述系统基于传感器输入,提供药物的自动输送。可以每隔固定时间间隔从传感器接收葡萄糖测量值。处理器可基于先前的葡萄糖测量值,预测未来的葡萄糖值。安全约束有助于药物输送系统在各种操作情形下的安全操作。在一些例子中,预测的未来葡萄糖值可用于实现减轻药物的输送不足或输送过度,同时不会使药物输送系统的用户负担过重,并且不会牺牲药物输送系统的性能的安全约束。还公开了其他安全约束。

Description

基于控制算法的药物输送系统的安全约束
相关申请的引用
本申请要求于2018年5月4日提交的美国临时专利申请No.62/667,118的优先权,该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
所描述的例子为基于传感器输入,提供药物的自动输送的药物输送系统提供安全约束,以确保用户不会过度或不足地输送基于控制算法自动提供的药物。
背景技术
药物输送系统通常基于用户的健康状况向用户输送药物。例如,基于控制算法的药物输送系统可以监测用户的葡萄糖水平,基于监测到的医学状况,比如葡萄糖水平,为用户确定药物,比如胰岛素的适当水平,随后将药物分发给用户。在基于控制算法的药物输送系统和其他药物输送系统中使用的控制算法通常依赖于用户提供的数据和/或利用不同手段确定的预期葡萄糖和药物水平,例如胰岛素输送和所提供的用户数据。然而,所提供的数据或预期的水平可能是不正确或错误的,这可能导致不正确的药物剂量和不正确的药物输送时间表。数据和测量误差可能由于许多不同的原因而产生,比如用户混淆(例如,具有不正确的时间、输入不正确的数字等)、葡萄糖传感器漂移或偏差(这可能归因于与葡萄糖传感器相关的许多不同因素)、药物输送系统中的误差等。结果,传统的药物输送系统不提供使自动药物输送系统能够对不正确的数据和测量误差作出响应的安全约束。于是,需要一种包括诸如安全约束、报警和补救措施之类特征的药物输送系统,比如胰岛素管理系统。
发明内容
公开了一种具有可由处理器执行的编程代码的非临时性计算机可读介质。所述处理器当执行所述编程代码时可操作以进行各种功能,包括经由与葡萄糖监测器的无线连接,每隔固定时间间隔接收葡萄糖测量值的功能。葡萄糖测量由葡萄糖监测器进行。基于在先的葡萄糖测量值,可以预测未来的葡萄糖值。基于预测的未来葡萄糖值,可以调整将由医疗设备提供的胰岛素基础输送率。可按照调整后的胰岛素基础输送率,经由医疗设备输送胰岛素。
公开了一种由经由无线连接耦接到葡萄糖监测器的处理器进行的方法。所述方法包括由处理器从葡萄糖监测器接收多个葡萄糖测量值。所述多个葡萄糖测量值中的每个葡萄糖测量值是在一段时间内每隔固定时间间隔接收的,并且所述固定时间间隔小于所述一段时间。使用所述多个接收的葡萄糖测量值中的至少一个,可以预测多个未来的葡萄糖测量值。可确定在下一个固定时间间隔内没有接收到后续葡萄糖测量值。响应于确定后续葡萄糖测量值未到达,基于所述多个预测的未来葡萄糖测量值中的至少一个,可以调整将由医疗设备提供的基于每日胰岛素总量的基础输送率。可按照调整后的基于每日胰岛素总量的基础输送率,经由医疗设备输送胰岛素。
公开了又一种方法,其中耦接到医疗设备的处理器确定所述医疗设备在设定时间量内输送了大于预设量的胰岛素。胰岛素的预设量基于下述中的一个或多个:用户输入基础率、人工胰腺算法使用平均日输送率计算的速率、基于用户体重和/或用户年龄的速率、输送的每日胰岛素总量、或者输送的每日总基础量。响应于该确定,基于使用在所述设定时间量内输送的胰岛素的量和通过人工胰腺算法计算的要输送的每日胰岛素总量的计算,调整作为调整后的基础剂量,要由医疗设备输送的胰岛素的量。
公开了一种包括医疗设备、传感器和管理设备的系统。所述医疗设备包括泵、配置成包含胰岛素的储存器、处理器和收发器,并且所述医疗设备可操作以响应于来自所述处理器的输出,输送胰岛素。所述传感器可包括发射器、处理器和套管。所述传感器可操作以测量血糖并输出血糖值。所述管理设备可包括处理器、配置成存储人工胰腺算法的存储器和收发器。所述人工胰腺算法可操作以确定向用户输送胰岛素的时间和剂量,所述时间和剂量可基于用户的性别、用户的年龄、用户的体重、用户的身高和/或由所述传感器提供的葡萄糖水平来计算。在执行所述人工胰腺算法时,所述管理设备的所述处理器可操作以确定低血糖事件的发生。响应于确定低血糖事件的发生,可以持续预定时间段地实现葡萄糖变化率过滤器。所述变化率过滤器限制人工胰腺算法在确定胰岛素的输送时间和输送的胰岛素的剂量时所使用的被测血糖值的变化率。所述处理器指令所述医疗设备在确定的输送时间输送确定剂量的胰岛素。
公开了另一种方法,包括由医疗管理设备的处理器响应从传感器接收到葡萄糖测量值,确定医疗设备在胰岛素输送历史的一段时间内一直低于固定的个性化基础率地输送胰岛素。低于固定的个性化基础率地输送胰岛素的结果是负的体内胰岛素值。所述处理器可确定所述负的体内胰岛素值大于用户的基于每日胰岛素总量的每小时基础值的3倍。响应所述负的体内胰岛素值大于用户的基于每日胰岛素总量的每小时基础值的倍数,可以变更通过医疗设备进行的胰岛素的输送,以输送基于每日总量的基础胰岛素或者个性化数量的胰岛素。可以输出通知消息,该通知消息请求用户确认变更的胰岛素输送,或者请求供处理器用于计算校准的胰岛素输送量的新的校准值。
公开了一种具有可由处理器执行的编程代码的非临时性计算机可读介质的另一个例子。所述处理器当执行所述编程代码时可操作以进行各种功能,包括获得由葡萄糖监测器每隔固定时间间隔测量的一系列葡萄糖浓度值的功能。所述处理器可以检测葡萄糖浓度的快速升高速率。对葡萄糖浓度的快速升高速率的检测作出反应,所述处理器可以实现对葡萄糖浓度的快速升高速率的响应。
公开了另一种方法的例子,其中耦接到葡萄糖传感器的处理器确定胰岛素输送没有以适合于从低血糖事件恢复的速率减弱。响应于该确定,通过:减少人工胰腺算法内的估计结果的惩罚(penalty),使得请求的胰岛素输送低于用户输入的基础输送,或者缩放胰岛素输送的低于用户输入的基础输送的偏差,以与用户输入的基础输送成比例,可以增大胰岛素暂停的可能性。
公开了一种方法的另一个例子,其中耦接到葡萄糖传感器的处理器在可能引起低血糖风险增大的运动或其他活动期间,确定胰岛素输送没有以适合于维持葡萄糖浓度的速率减弱。响应于该确定,或者可以将控制目标葡萄糖值升高到比当前目标葡萄糖值高的葡萄糖值,或者可以将输入基础输送减小为比当前输入基础值低的输入基础值。
附图说明
图1图解说明可操作以实现本文中所述的技术和处理的药物输送系统的例子。
图2图解说明用户的固定胰岛素输送率的例子,所述固定胰岛素输送率大致限于用户的基于TDI的胰岛素。
图3图解说明基于新的葡萄糖测量值,调整预测轨迹的例子。
图4图解说明变化率过滤器对人工胰腺算法的例子所进行的血糖值预测的影响的例子,所述影响旨在降低未来血糖值的估计轨迹。
图5图解说明约束最大胰岛素输送的例子。
图6图解说明当葡萄糖值低于预定阈值时,将胰岛素输送约束为不超过固定速率的胰岛素的例子。
图7A表示按照本文中所述的例子,利用预测的未来葡萄糖值来调整胰岛素基础输送的处理的流程图。
图7B表示用于响应于药物输送系统,比如图1中所示的例证药物输送系统内的通信问题,实现安全约束的例子的处理的流程图。
图8表示用于响应于胰岛素的输送过度,实现安全约束的例子的处理例子的流程图。
图9表示用于响应于胰岛素的输送不足,实现安全约束的例子的处理例子的流程图。
图10表示用于实现对葡萄糖浓度的快速升高速率的例证响应的处理例子的流程图。
图11表示用于实现增大胰岛素暂停的可能性的例证响应的处理例子的流程图。
图12表示用于实现减弱胰岛素输送的例证响应的处理例子的流程图。
具体实施方式
各个例子为基于传感器输入提供药物的自动输送的基于控制算法的药物输送系统提供安全约束,基于控制算法的药物输送系统也被称为基于“人工胰腺”算法的系统,或者更一般地被称为人工胰腺算法。例如,当由处理器执行时,人工胰腺(AP)算法使系统能够监测用户的葡萄糖水平,基于监测的葡萄糖水平(例如,葡萄糖浓度或者葡萄糖测量值)和其他信息,为用户确定适当的胰岛素水平,和随后向用户分发胰岛素。另外,AP算法利用监测的葡萄糖水平和其他信息来生成命令,并将命令发送给诸如泵之类的医疗设备,以控制例如向用户输送推注剂量(bolus dose)的胰岛素,改变未来各剂的剂量或定时,或者其他可控制的功能。本文中描述的安全约束在各种操作情形期间,例如包括在传感器输入缺失或错误时,诸如计划外膳食之类的意外事件期间,提供药物输送系统的安全操作。所公开的安全约束减轻了药物的输送不足或输送过度,同时不会使药物输送系统的用户负担过重,并且不会牺牲药物输送系统的性能。
图1图解说明药物输送系统100的例子。药物输送系统100可包括医疗设备102、传感器104和管理设备(PDM)106。在各个例子中,药物输送系统100可以是自动药物输送系统。在各个例子中,医疗设备102可以附着到用户或患者的身体上,并且可以向用户输送任何治疗剂,包括任何药物或药剂,比如胰岛素等。例如,医疗设备102可以是可穿戴式设备。例如,医疗设备102可以直接耦接到用户(例如,直接附着到用户的身体部位和/或皮肤)。例如,医疗设备102的表面可包括粘合剂,以便利附着到用户。
医疗设备102可包括多个组件,以便利向用户自动输送药物(也称为治疗剂)。医疗设备102可以存储并向用户提供任意药剂或药物。在各个例子中,医疗设备102可以是自动化的可穿戴的胰岛素输送设备。例如,医疗设备102可包括用于存储药物(比如胰岛素)的储存器125,用于将药物输送到用户体内的针或套管,和用于将药物从储存器125通过针或套管(未图示)转移到用户体内的泵送机构124或其他驱动机构。医疗设备102还可包括用于向医疗设备102的泵送机构124和/或其他组件(比如处理器121、存储器123和通信设备126)供电的电源128,比如电池。就从储存器125排出药物以便输送给用户的操作而论,医疗设备102通常被称为泵或胰岛素泵。储存器125可被配置成储存胰岛素、吗啡或其他适合自动输送的药物。
医疗设备102可以基于由传感器104和/或管理设备(PDM)106提供的信息,向用户提供所存储的治疗剂。例如,医疗设备102还可以包含可被实现为用于控制药物的输送的处理器121(或控制器)的模拟和/或数字电路。该电路可用于实现处理器121,并且可包括离散的专用逻辑和/或组件、专用集成电路、执行存储在存储设备(比如存储器123)中的软件指令、固件、编程指令(比如人工胰腺算法129)的微控制器或处理器、或者它们的任意组合。在各个例子中,处理器161可被配置成使泵每隔预定时间间隔向用户输送药物剂量。例如,处理器161可以执行控制算法,比如人工胰腺算法169。例如,剂量的大小和/或定时可以由用户或第三方(比如卫生保健提供者、医疗设备制造商等)使用有线或无线链路编程到人工胰腺算法169中。
用于确定药物向用户的输送的指令(例如,药物的任何剂量的大小和/或定时)可以本地发起(例如,基于编程指令,比如存储在耦接到医疗设备102的存储器123中的,用于由医疗设备102作出确定的人工胰腺算法129的实例),或者可以远程发起并被提供给医疗设备102。远程指令可以由执行人工胰腺算法169的电子设备(PDM)106通过有线或无线链路提供给医疗设备102。医疗设备102可以执行任何接收到的指令(来自内部或者来自管理设备106),以便将药物输送给用户。这样,在任一情况下,药物向用户的输送都可以是自动的。
在各个例子中,医疗设备102可以经由无线链路110与管理设备106通信。管理设备106可以是任意电子设备,比如Apple管理设备106可以是可穿戴的无线附属设备。无线链路108、110和112可以是由任何已知的无线标准提供的任意类型的无线链路。例如,无线链路108、110和112可以基于近场通信标准、蜂窝标准或任何其他无线光或射频协议,使医疗设备102、管理设备106和传感器104之间的通信成为可能。
传感器104可以是可操作,以测量血糖并输出血糖值或者表示血糖值的数据的葡萄糖传感器。例如,传感器104可以是葡萄糖监测器或连续葡萄糖监测器(CGM)。传感器104可包括处理器141、存储器143、感测/测量设备114和通信设备146。传感器104的通信设备146可包括一个或多个感测元件、电子发射器、接收器和/或收发器,用于通过无线链路112与管理设备106通信,或者通过链路108与医疗设备102通信。感测/测量设备114可包括一个或多个感测元件,比如葡萄糖测量、心率监测器等。例如,传感器104可以是连续葡萄糖监测器(CGM)。处理器141可包括离散的专用逻辑和/或组件、专用集成电路、执行存储在存储设备(比如存储器143)中的软件指令、固件、编程指令的微控制器或处理器、或者它们的任意组合。例如,存储器143可以存储可由处理器141执行的AP算法149的实例。尽管传感器104被描绘成与医疗设备102分离,不过在各个例子中,传感器104和医疗设备102可被并入同一单元中。即,在各个例子中,传感器104可以是医疗设备102的一部分,并且包含在医疗设备102的相同外壳内(例如,传感器104可被置于或者嵌入医疗设备102内)。由传感器104确定的葡萄糖监测数据(例如,测得的葡萄糖值)可被提供给医疗设备102和/或管理设备106,并且可以用于调整医疗设备102进行的胰岛素的自动输送。管理设备106可以是个人糖尿病管理器。
传感器104还可以通过例如粘合剂等耦接到用户,并且可以提供关于用户的一个或多个医疗状况和/或身体属性的信息或数据。传感器104提供的信息或数据可以用于调整医疗设备102的药物输送操作。管理设备106可以用于对医疗设备102和/或传感器104的操作进行编程或调整。管理设备106可以是任何便携式电子设备,例如包括专用控制器(比如处理器161)、智能电话机或平板电脑。在例子中,管理设备(PDM)106可包括处理器161、管理设备存储器163和通信设备164。管理设备106可包含模拟和/或数字电路,所述模拟和/或数字电路可被实现成用于执行处理以管理用户的葡萄糖,和用于控制药物的输送的处理器161(或控制器)。处理器161也可以是可操作的,以执行存储在管理设备存储器163中的编程代码。例如,管理设备存储器163可被配置成存储可由处理器161执行的人工胰腺算法169。在执行人工胰腺算法169时,处理器161可以是可操作的,以进行各种功能,比如关于图中的例子所述的那些功能。通信设备164可以是按照一种或多种射频协议操作的接收器、发射器或收发器。
医疗设备102和传感器104可以通过无线链路108通信。医疗设备102和管理设备106可以通过无线链路110通信。传感器104和管理设备106可以通过无线链路112通信。无线链路108、110和112可以是由任何已知无线标准提供的任意类型的无线链路。例如,无线链路108、110和112可以经由相应的通信设备126、146和164,提供基于蓝牙、Wi-Fi、近场通信标准、蜂窝标准或任何其他无线协议的通信链路。在一些例子中,医疗设备102和/或管理设备106可包括可以操作以允许用户输入信息,和允许管理设备输出信息以便呈现给用户的用户接口,比如小键盘、触摸屏显示器、按钮、麦克风、扬声器、显示器等。
在各个例子中,药物输送系统100可以是胰岛素药物输送系统。在各个例子中,医疗设备102可以是如在分别通过引用整体包含在本文中的美国专利No.7,303,549、美国专利No.7,137,964或美国专利No.6,740,059中所述的(Insulet公司,比勒利卡,马萨诸塞州)胰岛素输送设备。
在各个例子中,药物输送系统100可以实现人工胰腺(AP)算法(和/或提供AP功能),以管理或控制向用户的胰岛素自动输送(例如,维持血糖正常-血液中正常的葡萄糖水平)。AP算法可以由医疗设备102和/或传感器104实现。AP算法可用于确定胰岛素输送的时间和剂量。在各个例子中,AP算法可以基于关于用户已知的信息,比如用户的性别、年龄、体积或身高,和/或关于用户的身体属性或状况(例如,从传感器104)收集的信息,确定输送的时间和剂量。例如,AP算法可以基于通过传感器104对用户的葡萄糖水平的监测,来确定胰岛素的适当输送。AP算法还可允许用户调整胰岛素输送。例如,AP算法可允许用户(例如,通过输入)向医疗设备102发出命令,比如输送胰岛素推注的命令。在一些例子中,AP算法的不同功能可以分布在管理设备106、泵102或传感器104中的两个或更多个之间。在其他例子中,AP算法的不同功能可以由一个设备,比如管理设备106、泵102或传感器104来进行。在各个例子中,药物输送系统100可以按照在2016年11月22日提交的美国专利申请No.15/359,187中所描述的药物输送系统的任意特征或功能操作,或者可以包括所述任意特征或功能,该申请通过引用整体包含在本文中。
如本文中所述,药物输送系统100或其任意组件可被认为提供AP功能或者实现AP算法。因而,AP算法(例如,其功能、操作或能力)的引用是为了方便起见而进行的,并且可以指代和/或包括药物输送系统100或其任何组成组件(例如,医疗设备102和/或管理设备106)的操作和/或功能。药物输送系统100-例如,作为实现AP算法的胰岛素输送系统-可被认为是使用传感器输入(例如,由传感器104收集的数据)的药物输送系统或者基于AP算法的输送系统。
由于药物输送系统100依赖于传感器输入来进行药物输送的正确操作,因此药物输送系统100可出于安全原因施加输送限制。尽管可以施加输送约束来确保安全自动地向用户输送药物(例如,胰岛素),不过在一些例子中,可能可取的是不让所述约束过度降低AP算法控制性能或者使用户负担过重。记载在本文中的技术使药物输送系统100能够最大限度地提高用户安全,同时优化葡萄糖控制性能和最大限度地减少给用户带来的任何额外负担或不便。
传感器104-例如,作为CGM-可以在传感器偏差、漂移或确定数据值的其他差异的情况下操作,或者以其他方式表现出传感器偏差、漂移或确定数据值的其他差异,传感器偏差、漂移或确定数据值的其他差异可能导致药物向用户的输送过度或输送不足。本文中所述的技术为药物输送系统100的操作提供安全约束,所述安全约束包括在传感器104失效、由传感器104提供的错误值和/或缺失来自传感器104的数据,以及与依赖传感器104关联的其他风险的情况下的安全缓解措施。本文中所述的技术还提供特定于诸如较低葡萄糖值之类的较高风险状况,以及所实现的AP算法对外部扰动(比如急救碳水化合物等)的响应的安全约束。
在一些例子中,药物输送系统100可以是包括医疗设备102、传感器104和管理设备106的可穿戴式自动药物输送系统。在可穿戴式自动药物输送系统的一个例子中,医疗设备102可以是可穿戴式胰岛素输送设备,管理设备106可以是手持式电子计算设备,而传感器104可以是连续葡萄糖监测器。管理设备106可以是移动设备或蜂窝电话机,或者可以是专用定制电子设备。作为可穿戴的自动药物输送系统的一部分,医疗设备102和传感器104都可以直接耦接到用户。
传感器104可以向医疗设备102和/或管理设备106提供传感器数据。管理设备106可包括控制器或处理器和存储器。存储器可以存储可由控制器或处理器执行的指令。所述指令在被执行时可以实现“人工胰腺”算法。通常,管理设备106可包括控制器,用于基于来自传感器104的数据,确定胰岛素向用户的输送(例如,在剂量和时间方面),以及将关于所确定的胰岛素的输送的对应指令提供给医疗设备102。
在各个例子中,如上所述,传感器104可以作为可穿戴式胰岛素输送设备102的一部分提供,或者嵌入可穿戴式胰岛素输送设备102内。另外,在各个例子中,如上所述,系统100可包括可以在图1中所示的设备之间无线地中继信息的中间无线设备(例如,管理设备106)。
通常,系统100可自动监测用户的胰岛素水平,基于监测的葡萄糖水平自动确定胰岛素向用户的输送,和自动向用户提供确定量的胰岛素。这些步骤中的每个步骤都可以在没有任何用户输入或交互的情况下进行。在各个例子中,如上所述,在向用户提供胰岛素之前,可以要求用户确认。例如,当管理设备106被实现成蜂窝电话机时,为了增加安全性,可要求用户认可或确认所确定的胰岛素向用户的输送。如果没有收到这样的认可,那么可以阻断或阻止胰岛素输送。这种安全特征可以减轻黑客攻击或其他网络安全风险。
在各个例子中,药物输送系统100可以操作,使得葡萄糖值由传感器104定期提供给在处理器上运行的AP算法(例如,提供给医疗设备102和/或管理设备106)。例如,可以周期性地,比如大约每5分钟(例如,对应于系统100的控制周期)之类地提供葡萄糖值。医疗设备102可以基于接收的葡萄糖值来调整胰岛素的输送量。
参考图7A简要地描述系统100进行的操作例子可能会有所帮助。在图1的管理设备处理器161或121上运行的图1的AP算法169或129可以实现如图7A中所示的处理700。在710,AP算法可以经由与葡萄糖监测器(比如传感器104)的无线连接(例如108或112),每隔固定时间间隔接收葡萄糖测量值。所述固定时间间隔可以是诸如大约每5分钟、每10分钟、每小时、一天中的特定时间之类的时间间隔。基于在先的葡萄糖值,AP算法可以预测未来的葡萄糖值(720)。基于来自720的预测的未来葡萄糖值,在730,AP算法可以例如通过基于预测的未来葡萄糖值调整胰岛素基础输送率,来调整胰岛素输送。在740,可按照调整的胰岛素基础输送率,经由医疗设备输送胰岛素。例如,医疗设备102可以每隔固定时间段,比如大约每5分钟等,向用户输送一定量的胰岛素,其中所述量是基于接收的葡萄糖值调整的。
当处理器经由与葡萄糖监测器的无线连接,接收到后续葡萄糖测量值时,可以继续进行图7A的例子的处理700。通过使用接收的后续葡萄糖测量值和过去时间段的在先葡萄糖值,可以确定基于每日胰岛素总量的基础葡萄糖水平。处理器可以比较基于每日胰岛素总量的基础葡萄糖水平和用户设定的基础葡萄糖设定点(例如,110-120mg/dL等)。响应于指示用户设定的基础葡萄糖设定点是错误的比较结果,处理器可以确定将由医疗设备输送的更新的胰岛素基础输送率。在该例子中,更新的胰岛素基础输送率是根据步骤730的调整后的胰岛素基础输送率更新的。
本文中所述的技术基于传感器104的已知或未知故障或不精确,为胰岛素的输送提供安全约束。这里描述各种操作情形以及系统100对其的响应的例子。
在操作例子中,按照以下讨论,当血糖测量结果id低于葡萄糖阈值时,系统100可以作出自动暂停胰岛素输送的反应。在操作例子中,不管AP算法作出的预测如何,在传感器104所确定的葡萄糖水平低于阈值(例如,低于60mg/dL)时,AP算法都可以进入自动暂停模式。当葡萄糖值升高到阈值以上时,AP算法可以基于模式预测控制(MPC)算法,自动恢复输送胰岛素。在各个例子中,当检测到低血糖时(例如,基于低于预定阈值的葡萄糖水平),药物输送系统100可以停止向用户输送胰岛素。当葡萄糖水平升高到阈值以上时,可以提供自动恢复向用户的输送。MPC算法-作为AP算法的一部分操作-可以用于自动启动。
在其他操作例子中,按照以下讨论,系统100可以作出将AP算法约束于低于阈值的基础量的反应。在各个例子中,当葡萄糖值低于预定阈值时,AP算法可被约束为输送不超过固定速率的胰岛素。图6图解说明在这种情形下,将输送约束为不超过固定速率的胰岛素的例子。当葡萄糖值低于阈值时,AP算法可以减弱或暂停胰岛素输送。固定的胰岛素输送率可以针对用户个性化设定,并且可以通过用户输入的基础率、由AP算法根据基于AP算法的平均日输送量计算的速率、基于用户体重、年龄的速率、每日胰岛素总量(TDI)和/或其他指标来确定。
例如,“基于TDI的基础量”可以通过将用户的每日胰岛素总需求,或者用户过去一段时间(比如24小时)的胰岛素输送的总和乘以0.5(假定基础量自然会被用户的每天胰岛素总需求的一半所覆盖,而用户的每日胰岛素总需求的另一半被进餐时或者作为推注提供的胰岛素所覆盖),随后将该值除以24(即,每天的小时数)来计算。例如,如果用户的TDI为48,那么用户的基于TDI的基础量为48*0.5/24,或者说1U/h。这给出了用户每天实际可能需要的总基础量的估计值,同时降低了对任何用户错误输入的基础值的敏感性。
预定阈值可以是固定(例如,硬连线)阈值、用户设定的阈值、或者用固定(正或负)偏差值调整的用户设定阈值(例如,用户设定目标葡萄糖减去固定的10mg/dL调整量)。例如,当葡萄糖水平低于预定阈值时,固定的胰岛素输送率可以约为设定的基础输送的一半。图2图解说明用户的固定胰岛素输送率的例子,所述固定胰岛素输送率大致限于用户的基于TDI的胰岛素。
通过提供独立于传感器的安全约束,本文中所述的技术可解决提供给AP算法/药物输送系统100的,可能由于各种原因而不正确或错误的传感器值。在这样的情况下,系统100可实现关于一段时间内的胰岛素最大输送量的独立于葡萄糖的安全约束,如下所述。
例如,图8表示用于响应于胰岛素的输送过度,实现安全约束的例子的处理的流程图。在各个例子中,比如在处理800中,如果AP算法在设定的一段时间内输送了超过针对用户个性化设定的预设量的胰岛素,那么AP算法可被约束为最大固定胰岛素输送率。例如,如果AP算法已经输送了过去3小时中用户的基础输送量之和的3倍-通常称为3×3规则,那么处理可操作以在执行AP算法时,输送用户输入的基础量或基于TDI的基础量的最大量。耦接到医疗设备(比如102,它可以是泵)的处理器(比如处理器161)可以确定医疗设备在设定的时间量内,输送了大于预设量的胰岛素(810)。基于使用在设定的时间量内输送的胰岛素的量和通过人工胰腺算法计算的要输送的每日胰岛素总量的计算,可以调整要由医疗设备输送的胰岛素的量(820)作为调整后的基础剂量。在830,处理器可以将作为调整后的基础剂量要输送的胰岛素的量限制为用户的基础胰岛素输送量的最大量或者除以施用调整后的基础剂量的时间增量,或者除以每小时基础率的百分比。在图8的例子中,时间增量可以是固定时间间隔。固定时间间隔的例子可以小于1小时,比如5分钟、9分钟、23分钟等,大于1小时,等等。或者,时间增量可以简单地是基于计数器值等的增量。
在这种情况下,AP算法可以减弱或暂停胰岛素输送,但是被约束为最大胰岛素输送。图5图解说明约束最大胰岛素输送的例子。固定的胰岛素输送率和预设的胰岛素输送量可以针对用户个性化设定,并且可以通过用户输入的基础率、由AP算法根据基于AP算法的平均日输送量计算的速率、基于体重、年龄的速率、输送的每日胰岛素总量、输送的每日总基础量、或者其他指标来确定。另外,受约束的输送可以伴随有给用户的指示输送受约束的提醒或报警。
在其他情况下,系统100可实现关于一次最大胰岛素输送量的独立于葡萄糖的安全约束,如下所述。在各个例子中,AP算法可被约束为在任何一个控制周期内输送不超过针对用户个性化设定的固定量的胰岛素。例如,AP算法可以输送不超过用户的基础量除以5分钟增量的6倍(例如,通常称为6×规则),或者在一个算法输送中输送每小时基础率的50%(例如,1.2u/hr的基础率/2=0.6单位)。固定的胰岛素输送量可以针对用户个性化设定,并且可以通过用户输入的基础率、由AP算法根据基于AP算法的平均日输送量计算的速率、基于体重、年龄的速率、输送的每日胰岛素总量、输送的每日总基础量、或者其他指标来确定。
在另外的情况下,系统100可以实现独立于葡萄糖的安全约束,以限制胰岛素的输送不足,如下所述。在各个例子中,AP算法/药物输送系统100可以实现负的体内胰岛素(IOB)约束。如果AP算法在包含IOB的一段时间内,相差超过针对用户个性化设定的胰岛素量地不足输送胰岛素,那么AP算法可以进入针对用户个性化设定的固定速率的胰岛素输送模式。例如,在应用IOB衰减曲线之后,2.5倍于用户在过去4小时的基础量。AP算法在每个控制周期计算剩余的IOB。负的IOB确定可指示该算法在胰岛素输送历史的一段时间内,一直低于固定的个性化速率(即,基础率)地进行输送。负的IOB值可以是导致IOB衰减的累积的“低于基础量”输送。
图9图解说明用于响应于胰岛素的输送不足,实现安全约束的例子的处理的流程图。在处理905中,处理器(比如图1的121或161)可以从医疗设备接收指示医疗设备(比如图1的102)正在输送的胰岛素的量的信号,处理器可以将输送的胰岛素的总量(例如,体积)作为例如胰岛素输送历史保持在存储器(比如图1的123或163)中。胰岛素输送历史可以例如跨越分钟、小时、天、周、月、就诊预约之间的时间段、年等。在例证处理905中,医疗管理设备(比如图1的106)的处理器可以响应于从传感器(比如图1的104)接收到葡萄糖测量值,确定在胰岛素输送历史的一段时间内,医疗设备一直低于固定的个性化基础率地输送胰岛素(915)。低于固定的个性化基础率地输送胰岛素的结果是负的体内胰岛素值。在925,处理器可确定负的体内胰岛素值大于用户的基于每日胰岛素总量的每小时基础值的3倍。响应于负的体内胰岛素值大于用户的基于每日胰岛素总量的每小时基础值的倍数(比如3倍、6倍、2.5倍等),可以变更通过医疗设备进行的胰岛素的输送,以输送基于每日总量的基础量或者个性化量的胰岛素(935)。在945,可以输出通知消息,该通知消息请求用户确认变更的胰岛素输送,或者请求供处理器用于计算校准的胰岛素输送量的新的校准值。
处理905可继续,在955,处理905判定是否接收到用户确认或对新校准值的请求。响应于接收到对变更的胰岛素输送的用户确认,医疗设备继续变更的胰岛素输送(962)。响应于接收到新的校准值,处理器生成新的校准值(965),并且处理器应用所述新的校准值来计算校准的胰岛素输送量(975)。
在各个例子中,如果该负的IOB确定大于用户的基于TDI的每小时基础值的3倍,那么AP算法可以恢复为输送基于TDI的基础量或者个性化量的胰岛素,并通知用户。通过给用户的确认系统状态或者要求新的校准值的通知消息,可以要求用户输入。系统100可以输送基础量,直到通知消息被确认或者输入了校准值。此外,响应于用户确认和/或传感器104进行校准,系统100可重新开始以负IOB确定之前的方式操作,在本例中,所述传感器104可以是连续葡萄糖监测器(CGM)。
公开的例子涉及确定和解决通信问题,比如诸如参考图1所述之类的药物输送系统中的传感器,比如104与泵102和/或管理设备,比如106任意之间的通信问题。
图7B表示用于响应于药物输送系统,比如图1中所示的例证药物输送系统内的通信问题,实现安全约束的例子的处理的流程图。在各个例子中,在AP算法未接收到来自传感器104的测量值(例如,缺失来自传感器104的值)的情形下,系统100可以按照图7B中所示的例证处理705作出响应。在图7B的例子中,处理705可以是基于来自处理器104的最后一个或多个已知值的响应。例如,在715,处理器,比如121、141或161可以接收来自传感器104的多个葡萄糖测量值。在该例子中,所述多个葡萄糖测量值中的每个葡萄糖测量值可以在一段时间内每隔固定时间间隔被接收,并且所述固定时间间隔小于所述一段时间。当然,所述固定时间间隔可以类似于在图7A的讨论中提到的那些时间间隔。在725,处理器可以使用所述多个接收的葡萄糖测量值中的至少一个来预测未来的葡萄糖值。例如,每当在处理器上运行的AP算法接收到值时,可以预测将在未来的时间间隔接收的未来的葡萄糖值。处理器可能确定在下一个固定时间间隔内,未收到后续葡萄糖测量值(735)。例如,当预期但是未接收到来自传感器104的葡萄糖测量值时,系统100可以使用在接收到来自传感器104的最后接收值时产生的预测葡萄糖值。例如,响应于确定后续葡萄糖测量值未到达,可以基于所述多个预测的未来葡萄糖测量值中的至少一个,调整基于每日胰岛素总量的基础输送率,以便由医疗设备提供(745)。处理器可以向医疗设备,比如图2的102发出指令,从而在755,可以按照调整后的基于每日胰岛素总量的基础输送率,经由医疗设备102输送胰岛素。
在另一个例子中,可在可信预测时间段内,按照调整后的基于每日胰岛素总量的基础输送率,经由医疗设备输送胰岛素。在所述另一个例子中,响应于最后接收的葡萄糖测量值在先前的葡萄糖测量值的特定范围内,并且所述可信预测时间段跨越与预定数目的固定时间间隔对应的持续时间,所述处理器可进一步确定暂停胰岛素的输送。胰岛素的输送将被暂停的时间段可以基于落入葡萄糖测量值的多个范围中的特定范围内的最后接收的葡萄糖测量值的值来确定。作为响应,可以从多个预设时间段中选择暂停胰岛素的输送的时间段,处理器可以持续所选时间段地暂停胰岛素的输送。
或者,医疗设备可以在允许的“可信预测”时间段内,使用在先的预测葡萄糖值(和对应的胰岛素剂量值)输送胰岛素。在另一个例子中,如果来自传感器104的最后接收值高于阈值,并被预测为高于胰岛素的基准速率地进行输送,那么胰岛素输送可以继续,并且预测可以使用15分钟或更长时间。
如果在可信预测时间段结束之前,来自传感器104的值没有恢复,那么AP算法响应于可取决于来自传感器104的最后一个或多个接收值,和AP算法基于所述接收值的预测。在各个例子中,AP算法可以例如按照下表,以胰岛素输送以及可能还有经由管理设备106给用户的通知来进行响应:
在各个例子中,上面提到的每个周期(例如,控制周期)可以是任何持续时间,包括(但不限于)约5分钟、8分钟等。
在各个例子中,AP算法可以单独响应于葡萄糖水平、响应于葡萄糖水平和AP算法预测、或者单独响应于AP算法预测,永久地或暂时地减弱延长推注的延长部分。在各个例子中,AP算法可以单独响应于葡萄糖水平、响应于葡萄糖水平和AP算法预测、或者单独响应于AP算法预测,自动取消延长推注的延长部分。延长推注的延长部分可以应用于校正IOB或餐时IOB,用于未来的自动或手动胰岛素剂量决定。如果应用于校正IOB,那么AP算法在低血糖时可能更保守。如果应用于校正IOB,那么AP算法可能在高血糖时可能更保守。
在其他情况下,系统100可以将系统的响应限制为低血糖事件响应,比如摄入急救碳水化合物,如下所述。例如,在用户经历低血糖事件(例如,葡萄糖浓度低于70mg/dL低血糖阈值)的情况下,用户可通过摄入速效碳水化合物来采取行动,以迅速升高用户的血糖。这对系统100来说是未经告知的用餐,有可能被系统100视为葡萄糖的非常快速的升高。作为响应,系统100可通过输送额外的胰岛素来进行响应,以补偿这些碳水化合物。然而,这可能不是优选的响应,因为碳水化合物是专为升高用户的葡萄糖水平而服用的,用户可能不想接受胰岛素来抵消这些碳水化合物。
在例子中,通过执行存储在存储器中的编程代码,处理器可以进行基于葡萄糖监测器(比如图1的传感器104)所提供的测量结果确定发生了低血糖事件的功能。响应于确定发生了低血糖事件,系统100可经由处理器,比如121、141或161,修改调整后的胰岛素基础率。例如,处理器可以通过在确定发生低血糖事件之后的预定时间段内,设定用于剂量计算的医疗设备的降低的临时基础率,来修改调整后的胰岛素基础率。或者,在确定发生低血糖事件之后,系统100可经由处理器设定可用于剂量计算的降低的临时基础率,直到葡萄糖变化率降低到低于预定阈值为止。在另一种备选方案中,在确定发生了低血糖事件之后,系统100可以设定可用于剂量计算的降低的临时基础率,直到血糖(由传感器,比如图1的104测量)高于预定阈值为止。
例如,这里说明用于检测这样的情形的技术(例如,检测速效碳水化合物的摄入,以应对低血糖事件的系统100),所述技术可包括以下检测技术:1)葡萄糖浓度的超过某一阈值(例如,每分钟2mg/dL)的快速升高速率的检测;2)当某一系列的葡萄糖浓度值的第一个值低于第一阈值时,葡萄糖浓度的跨越所述系列葡萄糖浓度值的快速升高速率的检测(例如,当所述系列的第一个值低于70mg/dL的低血糖阈值时,如(1)中那样检测快速变化率);3)当所述系列的任意值低于第二阈值时,葡萄糖浓度的快速升高速率的检测(例如,当所述系列中的任意值低于120mg/dL的系统目标葡萄糖时,如(1)中那样检测快速变化率);和/或4)葡萄糖浓度的高于预定阈值的二阶导数(例如,加速度)的快速变化的检测(例如,发现跨任意数量的点葡萄糖浓度的变化率的显著变化-例如,从每分钟2mg/dL的葡萄糖浓度降低到每分钟2mg/dL的葡萄糖浓度升高)。
图10是用于实现对葡萄糖浓度或测量结果的快速升高速率的响应例子的例证处理的流程图。在图10的例子中,执行编程代码,比如AP算法的处理器可以进行处理1000。所述处理器可操作,以获得由葡萄糖监测器每隔固定时间间隔测量的一系列葡萄糖浓度值(1010)。所述处理器可检测葡萄糖浓度的快速升高速率,并且可以实现对葡萄糖浓度的快速升高速率的响应,作为对葡萄糖浓度或者测量结果的快速升高速率的检测的反应(1020)。
例如,响应于检测(例如,使用上述检测技术)指示摄入速效碳水化合物以应对低血糖事件的葡萄糖浓度的快速升高速率,可以实现(例如,通过系统100)对摄入速效碳水化合物以应对低血糖事件的检测的响应(1030)。在例子中,在执行编程代码时,系统100内的处理器可操作,以在实现对葡萄糖浓度的快速升高速率的响应时进行各种功能,比如下面说明的那些功能。系统经由执行编程代码的处理器实现的,可响应于葡萄糖浓度的快速升高速率,实现对速效碳水化合物的摄入的检测(基于葡萄糖浓度的快速升高速率)的响应的技术例子在下面说明,并且可包括下述中的一个或多个:
i.在所述事件之后的指定持续时间(例如,25分钟)内,将AP算法建议的输送量限制为针对用户个性化设定的最大输送量(例如,不大于基础量)。
ii.在低血糖事件之后,将AP算法建议的输送量限制为针对用户个性化设定的最大输送量(例如,不大于基础量),直到变化率降低到低于预定阈值为止。
iii.在低血糖事件之后,将AP算法建议的输送量限制为针对用户个性化设定的最大输送量(例如,不大于基础量),直到葡萄糖高于预定阈值为止。
iv.用技术i、ii或iii的任意组合,限制AP算法的胰岛素输送。
v.在低血糖事件之后的预定时间段内,降低AP算法增益、成本函数和/或进取性。AP算法增益例如可以是模型增益,模型增益是用户的葡萄糖每单位胰岛素将改变多少的指示。成本函数例如可以是葡萄糖误差值从设定点漂移的度量。设定点例如可以是目标葡萄糖值(例如,113mg/dL),在该例子中,目标葡萄糖值可以是在大约110-120mg/dL的范围内的设定值等。通常,葡萄糖测量值离目标葡萄糖值越远(更高或更低),由成本函数产生的成本值越高,而更接近目标葡萄糖值的葡萄糖测量值具有更低的成本值。在例子中,成本函数可以与测量葡萄糖和预期葡萄糖的偏差和/或预期胰岛素量和基础胰岛素量的偏差相关。进取性可与AP算法对成本函数中的偏差的响应性相关。进取性可被看作AP算法旨在以多快的速度降低成本函数,并将葡萄糖测量值驱动到设定点。高进取性设定可能试图快速地将葡萄糖测量值驱动到设定点,而低进取性设定可能更平滑地校正葡萄糖值。
vi.在低血糖事件之后,降低AP算法增益、成本函数和/或进取性,直到葡萄糖高于预定阈值为止。
vii.在低血糖事件之后,降低AP算法增益、成本函数和/或进取性,直到变化率降低到低于预定阈值为止。
viii.用技术v、vi或vii的任意组合,限制AP算法的胰岛素输送。
ix.在低血糖事件之后的预定时间段内实现葡萄糖变化率过滤器。图4图解说明变化率过滤器可如何影响AP算法进行的预测,从而导致未来血糖值的较低估计轨迹的例子。变化率过滤器可由执行AP算法的处理器(比如处理器121、141或161)用于限制由AP算法看到(作用于)或者提供给AP算法的葡萄糖的变化率。例如,葡萄糖测量值可由葡萄糖传感器提供。通过使用多个葡萄糖测量值,可以确定葡萄糖测量值的变化率。变化率过滤器可以用于减弱或放大AP算法所利用的葡萄糖测量值的变化率。例如,在从处理器确定葡萄糖测量值首次低于预定阈值时起,或者从在被触发之后葡萄糖高于预定阈值的时间起的持续时间内,可以限制变化率过滤器的应用。例如,如果在急救碳水化合物摄入之后,变化率较高(例如,4mg/dL),那么变化率过滤器可以在恢复到70mg/dL以上之后的30分钟内,将算法看到的变化率限制为2mg/dL,以减小AP算法对碳水化合物的响应。
x.在低血糖事件之后实现葡萄糖变化率过滤器,直到变化率降低到低于预定阈值为止。
xi.在低血糖事件之后实现葡萄糖变化率过滤器,直到葡萄糖高于预定阈值为止。
xii.始终实现葡萄糖变化率过滤器。
xiii.变化率过滤器可以用于正变化率和负变化率两者,或者只用于正变化率。
xiv.使用技术ix、x、xi、xii或xiii的任意组合,实现葡萄糖变化率过滤器。
xv.在低血糖事件之后的预定时间段,系统100可设定可用于剂量计算的降低的目标血糖值。
xvi.在低血糖事件之后,系统100可设定可用于剂量计算的降低的目标血糖值,直到葡萄糖变化率降低到低于预定阈值为止。
xvii.系统100可设定可用于剂量计算的降低的目标血糖值,直到葡萄糖高于预定阈值为止。
xviii.系统100可为上述技术xv、xvi或xvii的任意组合设定降低的目标血糖值。
所有上述预定阈值可以是用户定义的、固定的、使用AP算法参数随时间而适配的、或者基于TDI或TDI导数针对用户个性化设定的。另外,参考其他例子更详细地说明其他响应,比如降低用于剂量计算的临时基础率。
返回图1的系统例子,在执行包括人工胰腺算法的编程指令时,系统100中的管理设备106的管理设备处理器161可操作,以进行各种功能。例如,所述管理设备处理器可以确定将向用户输送胰岛素的时间和剂量。所述时间和剂量可以基于用户的性别、用户的年龄、用户的体重、用户的身高和/或传感器所提供的葡萄糖水平来计算。
在例子中,管理设备处理器161可以确定低血糖事件的发生。响应于确定低血糖事件的发生,管理设备处理器可以在预定时间段内实现葡萄糖变化率过滤器。葡萄糖变化率过滤器可以限制人工胰腺算法在确定胰岛素的输送时间和所输送的胰岛素的剂量时使用的测量血糖值的变化率。管理设备处理器可经由无线链路110指令医疗设备在确定的输送时间输送确定剂量的胰岛素。管理设备处理器161可通过应用一个或多个限制来限制实现葡萄糖变化率过滤器的持续时间,所述一个或多个限制包括:测量的葡萄糖值首次低于与低血糖事件相关的预定阈值时的时间,从在低血糖事件发生之后测量的葡萄糖值高于再一个预定阈值的时间起,直到葡萄糖变化率降低到低于又一个预定阈值为止,或者直到葡萄糖高于额外的预定阈值为止。
管理设备处理器161还可操作,以在下述之一应用葡萄糖变化率过滤器:在任何时候、当确定正的葡萄糖变化率和负的葡萄糖变化率两者时,或者仅当确定正的葡萄糖变化率时。
在另一个例子中,在执行人工胰腺算法时,管理设备处理器161还可操作,以进行下述之一:从闭环操作模式变为开环操作模式;在检测之后的设定时间段内,或者直到事件结束为止,按照针对用户个性化设定的基础输送率约束最大胰岛素输送量,其中所述事件是不同于低血糖事件的事件;在检测之后的设定时间段内,或者直到低血糖事件结束为止,输送设定的个性化基础率;在检测之后的设定时间段内,或者直到低血糖事件结束为止,限制处理器所使用的变化率;或者在任何时候或在低血糖事件之后,应用变化率过滤器来限制人工胰腺算法的响应。
在一些情形下,胰岛素输送可能不会如期望的那样快速地减弱(例如,以适于恢复的速率),例如,在发生或者即将发生低血糖事件的情况下。例如,如果用户的葡萄糖值低于阈值或者倾向于降低到低于阈值,那么系统100可以将胰岛素输送减弱为等于或低于在没有系统100的情况下用户可以接收的胰岛素的量。然而,可能存在系统100可能不会如期望的那样快速地减弱胰岛素输送的风险,从而例如导致处理器使医疗设备即使在用户具有即将发生的低血糖风险时也输送胰岛素。图11表示用于实现增大胰岛素暂停的可能性的例证响应的处理例子的流程图。在处理1100中,例如,耦接到系统100中的葡萄糖传感器的处理器可确定胰岛素输送没有以适合于从低血糖事件或者即将发生的低血糖事件恢复的速率减弱(1110)。作为响应,处理器可应用安全约束以进一步减少胰岛素。
例如,处理器可以利用经由AP算法和由处理器执行的所述安全约束来修改处理器反应的前述技术,解决这种较慢的减弱。在1120,处理器可以按下述方式解决这样的情形:
a.在各个例子中,由人工胰腺算法进行的计算可以通过减少在胰岛素输送请求低于用户输入的基础输送的情况下的估计结果的惩罚,来增大胰岛素暂停的可能性;或者
b.在各个例子中,由人工胰腺算法进行的计算可以通过缩放胰岛素输送量低于用户输入的基础量的偏差,以与用户输入的基础输送成比例,来增大胰岛素暂停的可能性。
在其他例子中,系统100可以使用多种技术来管理其中在可能引起低血糖风险增大的运动或其他活动期间胰岛素输送未被减弱的其他情形。例如,当系统100的外部干扰,比如运动或活动导致血糖浓度降低和低血糖风险增大时,系统100可以减弱胰岛素输送。系统100可自动检测这种外部干扰。或者,外部干扰可以由用户向系统100宣布或指示(例如,通过医疗设备102和/或管理设备106上的用户界面(未图示))。图12是用于实现减弱胰岛素输送的例证响应的处理例子的流程图。在例证处理1200中,耦接到系统100中的葡萄糖传感器的处理器可以确定胰岛素输送没有以适合于维持葡萄糖浓度(1210)或者缓和低血糖事件或即将发生的低血糖事件的速率减弱。作为响应,处理器可应用安全约束,以进一步降低胰岛素。例如,处理器可以通过将控制目标(即,葡萄糖设定点)增大到高于当前目标的葡萄糖值(例如,从较低的当前目标增大到150mg/dL等)来变更控制目标葡萄糖值。或者,系统100可以将输入基础值减小到低于当前输入基础值的值(例如,约为用户的输入基础值的25%)(1220)。在各个例子中,系统100可受制于胰岛素输送的附加上限(例如,系统100可不请求大于用户的输入基础量的约75%的胰岛素输送)。由于安全约束的应用,以更快的速率减弱胰岛素输送,以维持葡萄糖浓度(1230)。
在一些例子中,系统100可能没有足够的与用户相关的胰岛素历史。作为响应,系统100可以使用胰岛素输送历史数据和葡萄糖值历史数据,以在闭环操作模式内有效地操作。如果当处于闭环模式时没有已知的胰岛素历史,那么可能存在用户具有IOB,并且AP算法可能输送比所需更多的胰岛素的风险。本文的技术可以解决其中系统100可能不具有足够的历史操作数据的这种情形。
在各个例子中,如果系统100在开始闭环操作时没有足够的葡萄糖历史,那么系统100可以按以下方式之一作出响应:
I.用在先前的持续时间内是否输送了非基础胰岛素的询问来提示用户。如果回答为是,则在设定的时间量内将AP算法最大胰岛素输送量限制为预定值(例如,将输送量限制为用户基础量的1.5倍并持续2小时);
II.请求用户对在先前的持续时间内是否输送了非基础胰岛素剂量的询问作出响应。如果回答为是(即,肯定的响应),那么让用户输入输送的胰岛素的量,并且可选地还输入它所用的时间。使用该信息,可以计算用户的IOB,并将其提供给AP算法,以安全地输送胰岛素。IOB可以由预测算法使用,或者直接限制在IOB残存时要输送的胰岛素的量;或者
III.如果在开始进入闭环模式时没有足够的胰岛素历史,则在设定的时间量内,将AP算法的最大输送量限制为预定值(比如100-120mg/dL)。
返回图1的系统例子,管理设备106的管理设备处理器161在执行人工胰腺算法时可操作,以进行附加功能。
例如,在开始人工胰腺算法的闭环操作时,管理设备处理器161可确定没有足够的葡萄糖历史可供人工胰腺算法利用(即,葡萄糖历史不足)。响应于确定没有足够的葡萄糖历史可用,管理设备处理器可请求用户将输送的胰岛素量输入管理设备中。该请求还可以包括对输送胰岛素的时间,或者估计的自输送胰岛素以来所经过的时间的请求。响应于接收到输送的胰岛素量,可基于输送的胰岛素量计算用户的体内胰岛素。可选地,如果提供了输送胰岛素的时间或者估计的自输送胰岛素以来所经过的时间,那么这些相应的时间或经过时间可以包括在计算中。例如,如果只提供了输送胰岛素的时间,那么管理设备处理器可操作,以确定经过的时间。当计算的用户体内胰岛素低于预定阈值时,管理设备处理器可以使用计算的用户体内胰岛素来确定利用用户个性化的胰岛素衰减曲线。或者,响应于确定没有足够的葡萄糖历史可用,管理设备处理器可以在设定的时间量内将胰岛素的最大输送量限制为预定值,或者请求用户对在先前的持续时间内是否输送了非基础胰岛素剂量的询问作出响应。
在一些例子中,AP算法/系统设定点响应于各种输入或事件(例如,运动或进餐)而改变。系统100可操,以将用户维持在特定目标或设定点(例如,期望的葡萄糖水平)。在各个例子中,系统100可允许用户在某些情形下或者对于某些情况设定或改变系统100的设定点。在各个例子中,系统100可允许用户在用户定义的时间量内临时设定或改变系统100的设定点,在该时间量期满之后,系统100可回复到先前的目标。
在各个例子中,设定点可被定义为具有对于一天的不同时段设定的不同设定点的曲线。目标血糖水平可在每个时段自动改变。在各个例子中,在设定点改变的情况下,系统可能对阶跃变化作出突然的响应,并输送过多或过少的胰岛素。为了防止系统100对阶跃变化作出响应,可以使AP算法的预测偏移目标变化量。这可以防止预测受到目标的阶跃变化的影响。
在一些例子中,经由AP算法实现的安全约束可以使AP算法能够响应于传感器偏离-噪声和值阶跃变化-比如图3中表示的那些传感器偏离。例如,使系统100能够有效管理对非生理的传感器104的偏离或突然阶跃变化的响应的技术。例如,传感器104的非生理偏离可能由有噪声的传感器104或者由与传感器104的物理相互作用(比如对传感器104施加压力或者通过碰撞或撞击传感器104)引起。系统100可能响应来自传感器104的值的这种突然变化,并且错误地输送药物。本文中描述的技术可以按以下方式解决这种不期望的响应,并使系统100能够以以下方式检测这样的事件:A)通过仅仅确定传感器值趋势,B)通过确定一个方向上的传感器值趋势,随后是相反的趋势-检测趋势的突然变化,C)通过确定传感器值的变化率,和/或D)通过确定可以使用一阶导数或者其他过滤。另外,或作为备选E),在一些例子中,可以与趋势结合地使用从传感器,比如104内的加速度计获得的数据。例如,当人睡眠时,压力引起的传感器问题会以更高的速率发生,从而借助加速度计数据的睡眠检测也可以用于增强事故的检测。加速度计数据还可以用于感测对传感器或输送单元的冲击,以增强检测。例如,当传感器经历压力引起的传感器问题时,处理器可以处理加速度计数据来检测人的睡眠或定向。
在各个例子中,当检测到上面列出的事件A-E中的任何一个事件时,系统100可以以下述方式中的任何一种方式作出响应:AA)AP算法可以改变模式,比如从闭环操作变为开环操作;BB)在检测之后的设定时间段内或者直到事件(即,上面列出的事件A-E之一)结束为止,将系统100约束为针对用户个性化设定的最大输送量(例如,基础量);CC)在检测之后的设定时间段内或者直到事件结束为止,输送设定的个性化速率(例如,基础率);DD)在检测之后的设定时间段内或者直到事件结束为止,AP算法可以限制系统100所使用的变化率,或者EE)在任何时候或者在低血糖事件之后,可以实现变化率过滤器来限制AP算法的响应。
应用于AP算法并由系统100中的处理器执行的安全约束可以控制系统对传感器校准的响应,特别是当传感器是连续血糖监测器时。例如,在可能需要传感器校准的某些情况下,可能会导致传感器值的阶跃变化。作为响应,系统100可以响应于这样的阶跃变化而输送药物。例如,预测可以基于的系统100的当前状态可取决于在每个控制步骤的输入传感器值。这些传感器值可取决于用户输入的参考校准值(例如,手指针刺),并且如果在传感器读数和用于校准的手指针刺值之间存在显著差异,那么这些传感器值可能会显著改变。
传感器值的这些快速变化会在葡萄糖轨迹中引入人为阶跃变化(例如,如图3中所示的校准跳跃),这种人为阶跃变化不是葡萄糖浓度的实际趋势的真实反映。此外,手指针刺血糖(BG)值和校准时的CGM值之间存在显著差异意味在校准参考输入之前输入系统100中的CGM值,以及归因于这些CGM值的状态估计不太可靠,并且可能不反映当前状态。于是,当检测到这些事件时,AP算法的预测“轨迹”被重置为与当前新的CGM值匹配的平坦值。图3图解说明了基于新的CGM值调整预测轨迹的例子。
在各个例子中,可以针对正阶跃变化和负阶跃变化,实现这种重新初始化。在各个例子中,这种重新初始化可以局限于仅仅由校准引起的血糖值的正阶跃变化,因为血糖值的负阶跃变化可引起胰岛素输送减少或暂停几个周期,这是可以接受的。
例如,在图1的系统100中,诸如121、141或161之类的处理器可操作以执行处理,通过该处理,处理器从葡萄糖监测器,比如传感器104接收一个或多个葡萄糖测量值。处理器还可以接收用户输入的参考校准值。通过使用所述一个或多个葡萄糖值和用户输入的参考校准值,处理器可识别来自葡萄糖监测器的所述一个或多个葡萄糖值与用户输入的参考校准值之间的差异。基于所识别的差异,处理器可以修改调整后的胰岛素基础输送率。
在一些例子中,在基于所识别的差异修改经调整后的胰岛素基础输送率之前,处理器可以基于所识别的差异校准葡萄糖监测器。处理器还可以确定所识别的差异是输送中的胰岛素的量的正阶跃变化。例如,正阶跃变化可以是胰岛素输送量的增加。响应于所识别的差异是正阶跃变化,处理器可从校准的葡萄糖监测器获得当前新的血糖测量值。在获得当前新的血糖测量值之后,处理器可以使用当前新的血糖值,基于所识别的差异修改调整后的胰岛素基础输送率。或者,所识别的差异可能被确定为负阶跃变化,负阶跃变化是胰岛素输送量的减少。响应所识别的差异是负阶跃变化,处理器可以提供指令,以在基于所识别的差异修改调整后的胰岛素基础输送率之前,使胰岛素的输送暂停预定时间量。
本文中描述的用于为药物输送系统(例如,系统100或其任何组件)提供安全约束的技术可以用硬件、软件或它们的任意组合来实现。例如,系统100或其任何组件可以用硬件、软件或它们的任意组合来实现。本文中描述的技术的软件相关实现可以包括(但不限于)固件、专用软件、或者可以由一个或多个处理器执行的任何其他类型的计算机可读指令。本文中描述的技术的硬件相关实现可以包括(但不限于)集成电路(IC)、专用IC(ASIC)、现场可编程阵列(FPGA)和/或可编程逻辑器件(PLD)。在一些实施例中,本文中描述的技术和/或本文中描述的任何系统或组成组件可以利用执行存储在一个或多个存储组件上的计算机可读指令的处理器来实现。
所公开的设备的一些实施例可以例如使用可存储指令或指令集的存储介质、计算机可读介质或制造品来实现,如果由机器(即,处理器或微控制器)执行,那么所述指令或指令集可使所述机器进行按照本公开的实施例的方法和/或操作。这样的机器例如可包括任何适当的处理平台、计算平台、计算设备、处理设备、计算系统、处理系统、计算机、处理器等,并且可以使用硬件和/或软件的任何适当组合来实现。所述计算机可读介质或制造品例如可包括任何适当类型的存储单元、存储设备、存储物品、存储介质、储存设备、储存物品、储存介质和/或储存单元,例如,存储器(包括非临时性存储器)、可拆卸或不可拆卸介质、可擦除或不可擦除介质、可写或可重写介质、数字或模拟介质、硬盘、软盘、光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、可记录光盘(CD-R)、可重写光盘(CD-RW)、光盘、磁介质、磁光介质、可拆卸存储卡或盘、各种类型的数字通用光盘(DVD)、磁带、盒式磁带等。所述指令可包括使用任何适当的高级、低级、面向对象、可视化、编译和/或解释编程语言实现的任何适当类型的代码,比如源代码、编译代码、解释代码、可执行代码、静态代码、动态代码、加密代码、编程代码等。包含编程代码的非临时性计算机可读介质可以使处理器在执行编程代码时进行诸如各种功能,比如本文中描述的那些功能。
上面描述了本公开的某些例子或实施例。然而,应明确指出的是本公开不限于这些实施例,相反对本文中明确描述的内容的添加和修改也包括在所公开的例子的范围内。此外,应当理解的是本文中描述的各个例子的特征不是相互排斥的,而是可以以各种组合和排列的形式存在,即使在本文中没有表达这样的组合或排列,而不脱离所公开的例子的精神和范围。事实上,在不脱离所公开的例子的精神和范围的情况下,本领域的普通技术人员将想到本文中描述的内容的各种变化,修改和其他实现。因而,所公开的例子不应仅仅由前面的说明性描述来限定。

Claims (13)

1.一种非临时性计算机可读介质,具有可由处理器执行的编程代码,并且所述处理器在执行所述编程代码时可操作以进行各种功能,包括进行以下功能:
每隔固定时间间隔接收葡萄糖监测器所进行的葡萄糖测量的一个或多个葡萄糖测量值;
基于先前的葡萄糖测量值,预测未来葡萄糖值;
基于预测的未来葡萄糖值,调整将由医疗设备提供的胰岛素基础输送率;
接收用户输入的参考校准值,
当在所述一个或多个葡萄糖测量值形成的葡萄糖轨迹中由于所述葡萄糖监测器的校准而存在不是真实反映葡萄糖浓度的实际趋势的人为阶跃变化时,识别从所述葡萄糖监测器接收的所述一个或多个葡萄糖测量值与所述用户输入的参考校准值之间的差异;
从校准后的葡萄糖监测器获得当前新的血糖测量值,以供在基于所识别的差异修改调整后的胰岛素基础输送率时使用;和
按照修改后的调整后的胰岛素基础输送率,经由医疗设备输送胰岛素。
2.按照权利要求1所述的非临时性计算机可读介质,其中当所述处理器执行所述编程代码时,所述处理器进一步进行以下功能:
经由与葡萄糖监测器的无线连接,接收后续葡萄糖测量值;
使用所接收的后续葡萄糖测量值和过去时间段的在先葡萄糖值,确定基于每日胰岛素总量的基础葡萄糖水平;
比较基于每日胰岛素总量的基础葡萄糖水平和用户设定的基础葡萄糖设定点;和
响应于指示用户设定的基础葡萄糖设定点是错误的的比较结果,确定将由医疗设备输送的更新的胰岛素基础输送率,其中更新的胰岛素基础输送率是根据修改后的调整后的胰岛素基础输送率更新的。
3.按照权利要求1所述的非临时性计算机可读介质,其中当所述处理器执行所述编程代码时,在基于所识别的差异修改调整后的胰岛素基础输送率之前,所述处理器进一步进行以下功能:
基于所识别的差异校准所述葡萄糖监测器;
确定所识别的差异是输送中的胰岛素的量的正阶跃变化,其中所述正阶跃变化是胰岛素输送量的增加;
响应于所识别的差异是正阶跃变化,从所述校准的葡萄糖监测器获得当前新的血糖测量值,以供在基于所识别的差异修改调整后的胰岛素基础输送率时使用。
4.按照权利要求1所述的非临时性计算机可读介质,其中当所述处理器执行所述编程代码时,在基于所识别的差异修改调整后的胰岛素基础输送率之前,所述处理器进一步进行以下功能:
基于所识别的差异校准所述葡萄糖监测器;
确定所识别的差异是负阶跃变化,其中所述负阶跃变化是胰岛素输送量的减少;和
响应于所识别的差异是负阶跃变化,提供指令以使胰岛素的输送暂停预定时间量。
5.按照权利要求1所述的非临时性计算机可读介质,其中当所述处理器执行所述编程代码时,所述处理器进一步进行以下功能:
基于所述葡萄糖监测器提供的葡萄糖测量结果,确定发生了低血糖事件;和
响应于确定发生了低血糖事件,进一步修改所述修改后的调整后的胰岛素基础输送率。
6.按照权利要求5所述的非临时性计算机可读介质,其中当所述处理器执行所述编程代码时,在响应于确定发生了低血糖事件,修改调整后的胰岛素基础输送率时,所述处理器进一步进行以下功能:
在确定发生低血糖事件之后的预定时间段内,设定用于剂量计算的医疗设备的降低的临时基础输送率;或者
在确定发生低血糖事件之后,设定用于剂量计算的医疗设备的降低的临时基础输送率,直到血糖水平的变化率降低到低于预定阈值为止;或者
在确定发生低血糖事件之后,设定用于剂量计算的医疗设备的降低的临时基础输送率,直到血糖水平高于预定阈值为止。
7.一种由经由无线连接耦接到葡萄糖监测器的处理器执行的方法,所述方法包括:
由所述处理器从所述葡萄糖监测器接收多个葡萄糖测量值,其中所述多个葡萄糖测量值中的每个葡萄糖测量值是在一段时间内每隔固定时间间隔接收的,并且所述固定时间间隔小于所述一段时间;
使用所述多个葡萄糖测量值中的至少一个,预测多个预测的未来葡萄糖值;
确定在下一个固定时间间隔内没有接收到后续葡萄糖测量值;
响应于确定在所述下一个固定时间间隔内没有接收到后续葡萄糖测量值,基于所述多个预测的未来葡萄糖值中的至少一个,调整将由医疗设备提供的基于每日胰岛素总量的基础输送率;和
按照调整后的基于每日胰岛素总量的基础输送率,经由医疗设备在可信预测时间段输送胰岛素;
响应于最后接收的葡萄糖测量值在先前的葡萄糖测量值的特定范围内,并且所述可信预测时间段跨越与预定数目的固定时间间隔对应的持续时间,确定暂停胰岛素的输送;
基于落入葡萄糖测量值的多个范围中的特定范围内的最后接收的葡萄糖测量值的值,从多个预设时间段中选择暂停胰岛素的输送的时间段;和
暂停胰岛素的输送持续所选时间段。
8.一种系统,包括:
医疗设备,所述医疗设备包括泵、配置成包含胰岛素的储存器、处理器和收发器,其中所述医疗设备可操作以响应于来自所述处理器的输出而输送胰岛素;
传感器,所述传感器包括发射器、处理器和套管,所述传感器可操作以测量血糖并输出血糖值;和
管理设备,所述管理设备包括管理设备处理器、配置成存储包括人工胰腺算法的编程指令的管理设备存储器、和管理设备收发器,其中在执行包括人工胰腺算法的所述编程指令时,所述管理设备处理器可操作,以便:
确定低血糖事件的发生;
响应于确定低血糖事件的发生,实施葡萄糖变化率过滤器持续预定时间段,其中所述葡萄糖变化率过滤器限制人工胰腺算法在确定胰岛素的输送时间和输送的胰岛素的剂量时所使用的被测血糖值的变化率;和
指令所述医疗设备在确定的输送时间输送确定剂量的胰岛素。
9.按照权利要求8所述的系统,其中在执行所述人工胰腺算法时,所述管理设备的所述处理器还可操作,以便:
通过应用选自以下中的一个或多个限制,限制实施葡萄糖变化率过滤器的持续时间:
测量的葡萄糖值首次低于与低血糖事件相关的预定阈值时的时间,
在低血糖事件发生之后,测量的葡萄糖值高于再一个预定阈值的时间,
直到葡萄糖变化率降低到低于又一个预定阈值为止,或者
直到葡萄糖高于额外的预定阈值为止。
10.按照权利要求8所述的系统,其中在执行所述人工胰腺算法时,所述管理设备处理器除了在确定低血糖事件发生之后外,还在下述之一实施葡萄糖变化率过滤器:在任何时候、当确定正的葡萄糖变化率和负的葡萄糖变化率两者时,或者仅当确定正的葡萄糖变化率时。
11.按照权利要求8所述的系统,其中在执行所述人工胰腺算法时,所述管理设备的所述处理器还可操作,以便:
确定要向用户输送胰岛素的时间和剂量,其中所述时间和剂量是基于用户的性别、用户的年龄、用户的体重、用户的身高和/或传感器所提供的葡萄糖水平来计算的。
12.按照权利要求8所述的系统,其中在执行所述人工胰腺算法时,所述管理设备的所述处理器还可操作,以便进行下述之一:
从闭环操作模式变为开环操作模式;
在检测之后的设定时间段内,或者直到事件结束为止,按照针对用户个性化设定的基础输送率,约束最大胰岛素输送量,其中所述事件是不同于低血糖事件的事件;
在检测之后的设定时间段内,或者直到低血糖事件结束为止,输送设定的个性化基础率;
在检测之后的设定时间段内,或者直到所述事件结束为止,限制处理器所使用的变化率;或者
在任何时候或在低血糖事件之后,应用葡萄糖变化率过滤器来限制所述人工胰腺算法的响应。
13.按照权利要求8所述的系统,其中在执行所述人工胰腺算法时,所述管理设备的所述处理器还可操作,以便:
在开始所述人工胰腺算法的闭环操作时,确定没有足够的葡萄糖历史可供所述人工胰腺算法使用;和
响应于确定没有足够的葡萄糖历史可用,可操作以便:
在设定的时间量内将胰岛素的最大输送量限制为预定值或请求用户对在先前的持续时间内是否输送了非基础胰岛素剂量的询问作出响应;
或者
在开始所述人工胰腺算法的闭环操作时,确定没有足够的葡萄糖历史可供所述人工胰腺算法使用;
请求用户向所述管理设备输入提供医疗设备所输送的胰岛素的量;响应于接收到响应于所述请求输送的胰岛素的量,基于输送的胰岛素的量计算用户的体内胰岛素;或
当计算的用户体内胰岛素低于预定阈值时,使用计算的用户体内胰岛素来确定利用用户个性化的胰岛素衰减曲线。
CN201980036711.5A 2018-05-04 2019-05-03 基于控制算法的药物输送系统的安全约束 Active CN112236826B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202410981097.2A CN118750687A (zh) 2018-05-04 2019-05-03 基于控制算法的药物输送系统的安全约束

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201862667118P 2018-05-04 2018-05-04
US62/667,118 2018-05-04
PCT/US2019/030562 WO2019213493A1 (en) 2018-05-04 2019-05-03 Safety constraints for a control algorithm-based drug delivery system

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202410981097.2A Division CN118750687A (zh) 2018-05-04 2019-05-03 基于控制算法的药物输送系统的安全约束

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112236826A CN112236826A (zh) 2021-01-15
CN112236826B true CN112236826B (zh) 2024-08-13

Family

ID=66530565

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201980036711.5A Active CN112236826B (zh) 2018-05-04 2019-05-03 基于控制算法的药物输送系统的安全约束
CN202410981097.2A Pending CN118750687A (zh) 2018-05-04 2019-05-03 基于控制算法的药物输送系统的安全约束

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202410981097.2A Pending CN118750687A (zh) 2018-05-04 2019-05-03 基于控制算法的药物输送系统的安全约束

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (4) US11565043B2 (zh)
EP (2) EP4492399A2 (zh)
JP (2) JP7124120B2 (zh)
CN (2) CN112236826B (zh)
AU (2) AU2019263490A1 (zh)
CA (1) CA3099113A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2019213493A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (64)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1762259B2 (en) 2005-09-12 2025-01-01 Unomedical A/S Inserter for an infusion set with a first and second spring units
US7959598B2 (en) 2008-08-20 2011-06-14 Asante Solutions, Inc. Infusion pump systems and methods
EP3594961A1 (en) 2010-10-31 2020-01-15 Trustees of Boston University Blood glucose control system
WO2012123274A1 (en) 2011-03-14 2012-09-20 Unomedical A/S Inserter system with transport protection
US9561324B2 (en) 2013-07-19 2017-02-07 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. Infusion pump system and method
GB2523989B (en) 2014-01-30 2020-07-29 Insulet Netherlands B V Therapeutic product delivery system and method of pairing
AU2015211258A1 (en) 2014-01-31 2016-08-11 Trustees Of Boston University Offline glucose control based on preceding periods
EP3733227B1 (en) 2015-02-18 2024-05-01 Insulet Corporation Fluid delivery and infusion devices
EP3319511B1 (en) 2015-08-07 2021-10-06 Trustees of Boston University Glucose control system with automatic adaptation of glucose target
US10275573B2 (en) 2016-01-13 2019-04-30 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. User interface for diabetes management system
US10610643B2 (en) 2016-01-14 2020-04-07 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. Occlusion resolution in medication delivery devices, systems, and methods
WO2017124006A1 (en) 2016-01-14 2017-07-20 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. Adjusting insulin delivery rates
US20170348479A1 (en) 2016-06-03 2017-12-07 Bryan Choate Adhesive system for drug delivery device
EP3515535A1 (en) 2016-09-23 2019-07-31 Insulet Corporation Fluid delivery device with sensor
US11096624B2 (en) 2016-12-12 2021-08-24 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. Alarms and alerts for medication delivery devices and systems
US10881793B2 (en) 2017-01-13 2021-01-05 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. System and method for adjusting insulin delivery
US11033682B2 (en) 2017-01-13 2021-06-15 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. Insulin delivery methods, systems and devices
US11497851B2 (en) * 2017-03-31 2022-11-15 Lifescan Ip Holdings, Llc Maintaining maximum dosing limits for closed loop insulin management systems
USD928199S1 (en) 2018-04-02 2021-08-17 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. Medication delivery device with icons
US11158413B2 (en) 2018-04-23 2021-10-26 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Personalized closed loop medication delivery system that utilizes a digital twin of the patient
EP4492399A2 (en) 2018-05-04 2025-01-15 Insulet Corporation Safety constraints for a control algorithm-based drug delivery system
CA3105175A1 (en) 2018-07-17 2020-01-23 Insulet Corporation Low force valves for drug delivery pumps
AU2019347755B2 (en) 2018-09-28 2023-02-02 Insulet Corporation Activity mode for artificial pancreas system
US11565039B2 (en) 2018-10-11 2023-01-31 Insulet Corporation Event detection for drug delivery system
USD920343S1 (en) 2019-01-09 2021-05-25 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. Display screen or portion thereof with graphical user interface associated with insulin delivery
US11986629B2 (en) * 2019-06-11 2024-05-21 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Personalized closed loop optimization systems and methods
EP3972672A4 (en) 2019-05-20 2023-06-21 Unomedical A/S ROTATING INFUSION DEVICE AND METHOD THEREOF
DE112020003406T5 (de) 2019-07-16 2022-06-23 Beta Bionics, Inc. Blutzuckerkontrollsystem
US11957876B2 (en) 2019-07-16 2024-04-16 Beta Bionics, Inc. Glucose control system with automated backup therapy protocol generation
AU2020314831A1 (en) 2019-07-16 2022-02-24 Beta Bionics, Inc. Blood glucose control system
US11801344B2 (en) 2019-09-13 2023-10-31 Insulet Corporation Blood glucose rate of change modulation of meal and correction insulin bolus quantity
US11935637B2 (en) 2019-09-27 2024-03-19 Insulet Corporation Onboarding and total daily insulin adaptivity
US20210113766A1 (en) * 2019-10-21 2021-04-22 Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. Systems and methods for automated insulin delivery response to inaccurate or missed glucose values
EP4354455A3 (en) 2019-12-06 2024-07-10 Insulet Corporation Techniques and devices providing adaptivity and personalization in diabetes treatment
US11833329B2 (en) * 2019-12-20 2023-12-05 Insulet Corporation Techniques for improved automatic drug delivery performance using delivery tendencies from past delivery history and use patterns
WO2021141941A1 (en) 2020-01-06 2021-07-15 Insulet Corporation Prediction of meal and/or exercise events based on persistent residuals
US11551802B2 (en) 2020-02-11 2023-01-10 Insulet Corporation Early meal detection and calorie intake detection
US11986630B2 (en) 2020-02-12 2024-05-21 Insulet Corporation Dual hormone delivery system for reducing impending hypoglycemia and/or hyperglycemia risk
US11547800B2 (en) 2020-02-12 2023-01-10 Insulet Corporation User parameter dependent cost function for personalized reduction of hypoglycemia and/or hyperglycemia in a closed loop artificial pancreas system
US11324889B2 (en) * 2020-02-14 2022-05-10 Insulet Corporation Compensation for missing readings from a glucose monitor in an automated insulin delivery system
US20210259591A1 (en) * 2020-02-20 2021-08-26 Dexcom, Inc. Machine learning in an artificial pancreas
US11607493B2 (en) 2020-04-06 2023-03-21 Insulet Corporation Initial total daily insulin setting for user onboarding
CA3176599A1 (en) 2020-05-27 2021-12-02 Dexcom, Inc. Glucose prediction using machine learning and time series glucose measurements
WO2022020197A1 (en) 2020-07-22 2022-01-27 Insulet Corporation Open-loop insulin delivery basal parameters based on insulin delivery records
US11684716B2 (en) 2020-07-31 2023-06-27 Insulet Corporation Techniques to reduce risk of occlusions in drug delivery systems
AU2021333768B2 (en) 2020-08-27 2025-01-02 Insulet Corporation Wearable micro-dosing drug delivery device
WO2022046503A1 (en) * 2020-08-31 2022-03-03 Insulet Corporation Post meal compensation for automatic insulin delivery systems
US20220062546A1 (en) * 2020-08-31 2022-03-03 Insulet Corporation Adjusting settings to different degrees of aggressiveness in an automated insulin delivery system based on quality of blood glucose level control by a user
US12128215B2 (en) 2020-09-30 2024-10-29 Insulet Corporation Drug delivery device with integrated optical-based glucose monitor
EP4221588A1 (en) 2020-09-30 2023-08-09 Insulet Corporation Secure wireless communications between a glucose monitor and other devices
WO2022081788A1 (en) * 2020-10-14 2022-04-21 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Method and system of closed loop control improving glycemic response following an unannounced source of glycemic fluctuation
US20220168505A1 (en) * 2020-11-30 2022-06-02 Insulet Corporation Device and methods for a simple meal announcement for automatic drug delivery system
US11160925B1 (en) 2021-01-29 2021-11-02 Insulet Corporation Automatic drug delivery system for delivery of a GLP-1 therapeutic
KR20230152088A (ko) * 2021-03-02 2023-11-02 인슐렛 코포레이션 기초 대 볼루스 불일치를 갖는 사용자들을 위한 자동 인슐린 전달(aid)의 적응
EP4305633A1 (en) * 2021-03-09 2024-01-17 Insulet Corporation Opportunistic retrieval of analyte value to improve automatic drug control accuracy
US11904140B2 (en) 2021-03-10 2024-02-20 Insulet Corporation Adaptable asymmetric medicament cost component in a control system for medicament delivery
US11904139B2 (en) * 2021-04-05 2024-02-20 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Closed-loop control in steady-state conditions
US20220347386A1 (en) * 2021-04-28 2022-11-03 Insulet Corporation Devices and methods for initialization of drug delivery devices using measured analyte sensor information
WO2023049900A1 (en) 2021-09-27 2023-03-30 Insulet Corporation Techniques enabling adaptation of parameters in aid systems by user input
WO2023070250A1 (en) * 2021-10-25 2023-05-04 Medtrum Technologies Inc. Closed-loop artificial pancreas insulin infusion personalized control system
CN116159208B (zh) * 2021-11-24 2024-03-15 上海微创生命科技有限公司 人工胰腺控制方法、可读存储介质及血糖管理系统
US11439754B1 (en) 2021-12-01 2022-09-13 Insulet Corporation Optimizing embedded formulations for drug delivery
EP4336511A1 (en) * 2022-09-01 2024-03-13 Insulet Corporation Method for detecting occlusions in a fluid path using blood glucose readings
US12097355B2 (en) 2023-01-06 2024-09-24 Insulet Corporation Automatically or manually initiated meal bolus delivery with subsequent automatic safety constraint relaxation

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101238468A (zh) * 2005-06-06 2008-08-06 霍夫曼-拉罗奇有限公司 在糖尿病控制设备中提供用户干预的系统和方法
CN104054081A (zh) * 2011-08-12 2014-09-17 基因奥尼克斯有限公司 胰岛素泵
CN106456064A (zh) * 2014-01-31 2017-02-22 波士顿大学董事会 基于在前时期的离线葡萄糖控制

Family Cites Families (590)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US303013A (en) 1884-08-05 Pen-holder
US5338157B1 (en) 1992-09-09 1999-11-02 Sims Deltec Inc Systems and methods for communicating with ambulat
US5935099A (en) 1992-09-09 1999-08-10 Sims Deltec, Inc. Drug pump systems and methods
US2797149A (en) 1953-01-08 1957-06-25 Technicon International Ltd Methods of and apparatus for analyzing liquids containing crystalloid and non-crystalloid constituents
US3631847A (en) 1966-03-04 1972-01-04 James C Hobbs Method and apparatus for injecting fluid into the vascular system
US3634039A (en) 1969-12-22 1972-01-11 Thomas L Brondy Blood testing machine
US3841328A (en) 1972-08-04 1974-10-15 J Jensen Airplane hijacking injector
US3812843A (en) 1973-03-12 1974-05-28 Lear Siegler Inc Method and apparatus for injecting contrast media into the vascular system
US4146029A (en) 1974-04-23 1979-03-27 Ellinwood Jr Everett H Self-powered implanted programmable medication system and method
US3963380A (en) 1975-01-06 1976-06-15 Thomas Jr Lyell J Micro pump powered by piezoelectric disk benders
CA1040271A (en) 1975-01-22 1978-10-10 Anthony M. Albisser Artificial beta cell
US4245634A (en) 1975-01-22 1981-01-20 Hospital For Sick Children Artificial beta cell
US4055175A (en) 1976-05-07 1977-10-25 Miles Laboratories, Inc. Blood glucose control apparatus
US4151845A (en) 1977-11-25 1979-05-01 Miles Laboratories, Inc. Blood glucose control apparatus
US4559037A (en) 1977-12-28 1985-12-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for the pre-programmable infusion of liquids
US4373527B1 (en) 1979-04-27 1995-06-27 Univ Johns Hopkins Implantable programmable medication infusion system
DE3023211A1 (de) 1979-06-28 1981-01-22 Ti Fords Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zur ermittlung einer waesserigen fluessigkeit in flaschen und behaeltern
US4403984A (en) 1979-12-28 1983-09-13 Biotek, Inc. System for demand-based adminstration of insulin
AU546785B2 (en) 1980-07-23 1985-09-19 Commonwealth Of Australia, The Open-loop controlled infusion of diabetics
US4559033A (en) 1980-10-27 1985-12-17 University Of Utah Research Foundation Apparatus and methods for minimizing peritoneal injection catheter obstruction
JPS57211361A (en) 1981-06-23 1982-12-25 Terumo Corp Liquid injecting apparatus
IT1142930B (it) 1981-11-04 1986-10-15 Luigi Bernardi Apparecchio portatile che infonde insulina sulla base dei rilevamenti glicemici
US4529401A (en) 1982-01-11 1985-07-16 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Ambulatory infusion pump having programmable parameters
US4526568A (en) 1982-09-29 1985-07-02 Miles Laboratories, Inc. Diagnostic method and apparatus for clamping blood glucose concentration
US4464170A (en) 1982-09-29 1984-08-07 Miles Laboratories, Inc. Blood glucose control apparatus and method
US4624661A (en) 1982-11-16 1986-11-25 Surgidev Corp. Drug dispensing system
IT1170375B (it) 1983-04-19 1987-06-03 Giuseppe Bombardieri Apparecchio che infonde insulina o glucosio nel soggetto diabetico sulla base di determinazioni di concentrazioni di glucosio ottenute senza bisogno di prelievi del sangue del paziente
US4573968A (en) 1983-08-16 1986-03-04 Ivac Corporation Infusion and blood chemistry monitoring system
US4781693A (en) 1983-09-02 1988-11-01 Minntech Corporation Insulin dispenser for peritoneal cavity
US4743243A (en) 1984-01-03 1988-05-10 Vaillancourt Vincent L Needle with vent filter assembly
US4685903A (en) 1984-01-06 1987-08-11 Pacesetter Infusion, Ltd. External infusion pump apparatus
WO1986000231A1 (en) 1984-06-29 1986-01-16 Hemascience Laboratories, Inc. Blood extraction and reinfusion flow control system and method
US4755173A (en) 1986-02-25 1988-07-05 Pacesetter Infusion, Ltd. Soft cannula subcutaneous injection set
US4778451A (en) 1986-03-04 1988-10-18 Kamen Dean L Flow control system using boyle's law
US5349852A (en) 1986-03-04 1994-09-27 Deka Products Limited Partnership Pump controller using acoustic spectral analysis
AT384737B (de) 1986-04-04 1987-12-28 Thoma Dipl Ing Dr Techn Herwig Vorrichtung zur stroemungskonstanten abgabe fluessiger arzneimittel
US4731726A (en) 1986-05-19 1988-03-15 Healthware Corporation Patient-operated glucose monitor and diabetes management system
US4981140A (en) 1986-09-12 1991-01-01 Philip Wyatt Method and apparatus for arterial and venous blood sampling
CA1283827C (en) 1986-12-18 1991-05-07 Giorgio Cirelli Appliance for injection of liquid formulations
US4976720A (en) 1987-01-06 1990-12-11 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Vascular catheters
AT391998B (de) 1987-02-02 1990-12-27 Falko Dr Skrabal Vorrichtung zur bestimmung der konzentration zumindest einer medizinischen substanz in lebenden organismen
GB8710610D0 (en) 1987-05-05 1987-06-10 British Res Agricult Eng Rotor assemblies
US4940527A (en) 1987-06-01 1990-07-10 Abbott Laboratories Two-part test cartridge for centrifuge
US5207642A (en) 1987-08-07 1993-05-04 Baxter International Inc. Closed multi-fluid delivery system and method
US4925444A (en) 1987-08-07 1990-05-15 Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. Closed multi-fluid delivery system and method
US4919596A (en) 1987-12-04 1990-04-24 Pacesetter Infusion, Ltd. Fluid delivery control and monitoring apparatus for a medication infusion system
US4994047A (en) 1988-05-06 1991-02-19 Menlo Care, Inc. Multi-layer cannula structure
JP2755654B2 (ja) 1988-07-07 1998-05-20 住友ベークライト株式会社 ブドウ糖濃度応答インスリン放出装置
US4854170A (en) 1988-10-12 1989-08-08 Separation Technology, Inc. Apparatus and method for using ultrasound to determine hematocrit
US5153827A (en) 1989-01-30 1992-10-06 Omni-Flow, Inc. An infusion management and pumping system having an alarm handling system
US6262798B1 (en) 1992-09-29 2001-07-17 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Method and apparatus for direct spectrophotometric measurements in unaltered whole blood
IE66526B1 (en) 1989-03-17 1996-01-24 Baxter Int A pre-slit injection site usable with a blunt cannula
US5134079A (en) 1989-03-27 1992-07-28 International Technidyne Corp. Fluid sample collection and delivery system and methods particularly adapted for body fluid sampling
CA1328359C (en) 1989-03-27 1994-04-12 Michael D. Mintz Fluid sample collection and delivery system and methods particularly adapted for body fluid sampling
US5102406A (en) 1989-06-02 1992-04-07 Arnold Victor A Device and method for avoiding contamination of multi-dose medicament vials
US5716343A (en) 1989-06-16 1998-02-10 Science Incorporated Fluid delivery apparatus
US4975581A (en) 1989-06-21 1990-12-04 University Of New Mexico Method of and apparatus for determining the similarity of a biological analyte from a model constructed from known biological fluids
US5007286A (en) 1989-08-03 1991-04-16 Malcolm Robert G Solid-state transducer based dynamic fluid flow sensing system
US5109850A (en) 1990-02-09 1992-05-05 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Automatic blood monitoring for medication delivery method and apparatus
US5125415A (en) 1990-06-19 1992-06-30 Smiths Industries Medical Systems, Inc. Syringe tip cap with self-sealing filter
JPH0451966A (ja) 1990-06-19 1992-02-20 Toichi Ishikawa 薬液連続注入器
US5176662A (en) 1990-08-23 1993-01-05 Minimed Technologies, Ltd. Subcutaneous injection set with improved cannula mounting arrangement
US5165406A (en) 1990-09-13 1992-11-24 Via Medical Corporation Electrochemical sensor apparatus and method
US5468727A (en) 1990-12-13 1995-11-21 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Methods of normalizing metabolic parameters in diabetics
TW279133B (zh) 1990-12-13 1996-06-21 Elan Med Tech
US5061424A (en) 1991-01-22 1991-10-29 Becton, Dickinson And Company Method for applying a lubricious coating to an article
US5273517A (en) 1991-07-09 1993-12-28 Haemonetics Corporation Blood processing method and apparatus with disposable cassette
EP0535700B1 (en) 1991-10-04 1997-03-26 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Method and apparatus for comparing spectra
US5244463A (en) 1991-12-06 1993-09-14 Block Medical, Inc. Programmable infusion pump
DE4141944C2 (de) 1991-12-19 1995-06-08 Hansa Metallwerke Ag Einrichtung zur berührungslosen Steuerung einer Sanitärarmatur
EP0549341A1 (en) 1991-12-24 1993-06-30 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Hollow fiber plasma sampler
US5421812A (en) 1992-03-04 1995-06-06 Cobe Laboratories, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling concentrations in tubing system
US5377674A (en) 1992-05-08 1995-01-03 Kuestner; J. Todd Method for non-invasive and in-vitro hemoglobin concentration measurement
US5385539A (en) 1992-06-30 1995-01-31 Advanced Haemotechnologies Apparatus for monitoring hematocrit levels of blood
US5342298A (en) 1992-07-31 1994-08-30 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Automated fluid pressure control system
US5330634A (en) 1992-08-28 1994-07-19 Via Medical Corporation Calibration solutions useful for analyses of biological fluids and methods employing same
US5232439A (en) 1992-11-02 1993-08-03 Infusion Technologies Corporation Method for pumping fluid from a flexible, variable geometry reservoir
US5956501A (en) 1997-01-10 1999-09-21 Health Hero Network, Inc. Disease simulation system and method
DE4336336A1 (de) 1992-11-23 1994-05-26 Lang Volker Kasetteninfusionssystem
US5299571A (en) 1993-01-22 1994-04-05 Eli Lilly And Company Apparatus and method for implantation of sensors
US5257980A (en) 1993-04-05 1993-11-02 Minimed Technologies, Ltd. Subcutaneous injection set with crimp-free soft cannula
EP0631137B1 (en) 1993-06-25 2002-03-20 Edward W. Stark Glucose related measurement method and apparatus
DK88893D0 (da) 1993-07-30 1993-07-30 Radiometer As A method and an apparatus for determining the content of a constituent of blood of an individual
US5389078A (en) 1993-10-06 1995-02-14 Sims Deltec, Inc. Programmable infusion pump for administering medication to patients
US5582184A (en) 1993-10-13 1996-12-10 Integ Incorporated Interstitial fluid collection and constituent measurement
US5885211A (en) 1993-11-15 1999-03-23 Spectrix, Inc. Microporation of human skin for monitoring the concentration of an analyte
US5458140A (en) 1993-11-15 1995-10-17 Non-Invasive Monitoring Company (Nimco) Enhancement of transdermal monitoring applications with ultrasound and chemical enhancers
US5997501A (en) 1993-11-18 1999-12-07 Elan Corporation, Plc Intradermal drug delivery device
US5411889A (en) 1994-02-14 1995-05-02 Nalco Chemical Company Regulating water treatment agent dosage based on operational system stresses
EP0672427A1 (en) 1994-03-17 1995-09-20 Siemens-Elema AB System for infusion of medicine into the body of a patient
US5569186A (en) 1994-04-25 1996-10-29 Minimed Inc. Closed loop infusion pump system with removable glucose sensor
DE4415896A1 (de) 1994-05-05 1995-11-09 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh Analysesystem zur Überwachung der Konzentration eines Analyten im Blut eines Patienten
US5685859A (en) 1994-06-02 1997-11-11 Nikomed Aps Device for fixating a drainage tube and a drainage tube assembly
US5700695A (en) 1994-06-30 1997-12-23 Zia Yassinzadeh Sample collection and manipulation method
US5505709A (en) 1994-09-15 1996-04-09 Minimed, Inc., A Delaware Corporation Mated infusion pump and syringe
CA2159052C (en) 1994-10-28 2007-03-06 Rainer Alex Injection device
IE72524B1 (en) 1994-11-04 1997-04-23 Elan Med Tech Analyte-controlled liquid delivery device and analyte monitor
US5685844A (en) 1995-01-06 1997-11-11 Abbott Laboratories Medicinal fluid pump having multiple stored protocols
DE19500529C5 (de) 1995-01-11 2007-11-22 Dräger Medical AG & Co. KG Bedieneinheit für ein Beatmungsgerät
US5697899A (en) 1995-02-07 1997-12-16 Gensia Feedback controlled drug delivery system
WO1996025186A2 (en) 1995-02-07 1996-08-22 Gensia, Inc. Feedback controlled drug delivery system
US5741228A (en) 1995-02-17 1998-04-21 Strato/Infusaid Implantable access device
US5665065A (en) 1995-05-26 1997-09-09 Minimed Inc. Medication infusion device with blood glucose data input
US5584813A (en) 1995-06-07 1996-12-17 Minimed Inc. Subcutaneous injection set
US7016713B2 (en) 1995-08-09 2006-03-21 Inlight Solutions, Inc. Non-invasive determination of direction and rate of change of an analyte
US5655530A (en) 1995-08-09 1997-08-12 Rio Grande Medical Technologies, Inc. Method for non-invasive blood analyte measurement with improved optical interface
US6240306B1 (en) 1995-08-09 2001-05-29 Rio Grande Medical Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for non-invasive blood analyte measurement with fluid compartment equilibration
AU7015096A (en) 1995-09-08 1997-04-09 Integ, Inc. Body fluid sampler
US5693018A (en) 1995-10-11 1997-12-02 Science Incorporated Subdermal delivery device
US6072180A (en) 1995-10-17 2000-06-06 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Non-invasive infrared absorption spectrometer for the generation and capture of thermal gradient spectra from living tissue
US6058934A (en) 1995-11-02 2000-05-09 Chiron Diagnostics Corporation Planar hematocrit sensor incorporating a seven-electrode conductivity measurement cell
US5800405A (en) 1995-12-01 1998-09-01 I-Flow Corporation Syringe actuation device
EP0868144B1 (en) 1995-12-19 2005-01-26 Abbott Laboratories Device for the detection of analyte and administration of a therapeutic substance
US6040578A (en) 1996-02-02 2000-03-21 Instrumentation Metrics, Inc. Method and apparatus for multi-spectral analysis of organic blood analytes in noninvasive infrared spectroscopy
FI118509B (fi) 1996-02-12 2007-12-14 Nokia Oyj Menetelmä ja laitteisto potilaan veren glukoosipitoisuuden ennustamiseksi
US5703364A (en) 1996-02-15 1997-12-30 Futrex, Inc. Method and apparatus for near-infrared quantitative analysis
US5801057A (en) 1996-03-22 1998-09-01 Smart; Wilson H. Microsampling device and method of construction
US5865806A (en) 1996-04-04 1999-02-02 Becton Dickinson And Company One step catheter advancement automatic needle retraction system
SE9602298D0 (sv) 1996-06-11 1996-06-11 Siemens Elema Ab Arrangement for analysing body fluids
JP3942640B2 (ja) 1996-07-03 2007-07-11 アルテア セラピューティクス コーポレイション 皮膚または粘膜の複数機械的微細穿孔
AU3596597A (en) 1996-07-08 1998-02-02 Animas Corporation Implantable sensor and system for in vivo measurement and control of fluid constituent levels
US5758643A (en) 1996-07-29 1998-06-02 Via Medical Corporation Method and apparatus for monitoring blood chemistry
US5755682A (en) 1996-08-13 1998-05-26 Heartstent Corporation Method and apparatus for performing coronary artery bypass surgery
US5804048A (en) 1996-08-15 1998-09-08 Via Medical Corporation Electrode assembly for assaying glucose
US5932175A (en) 1996-09-25 1999-08-03 Via Medical Corporation Sensor apparatus for use in measuring a parameter of a fluid sample
US5714123A (en) 1996-09-30 1998-02-03 Lifescan, Inc. Protective shield for a blood glucose strip
AU5458898A (en) 1996-11-22 1998-06-10 Therakos, Inc. Integrated cassette for controlling fluid having an integral filter
US6093156A (en) 1996-12-06 2000-07-25 Abbott Laboratories Method and apparatus for obtaining blood for diagnostic tests
US5947911A (en) 1997-01-09 1999-09-07 Via Medical Corporation Method and apparatus for reducing purge volume in a blood chemistry monitoring system
WO1998032013A1 (en) 1997-01-17 1998-07-23 Via Medical Corporation Method for calibrating sensors used in diagnostic testing
US5851197A (en) 1997-02-05 1998-12-22 Minimed Inc. Injector for a subcutaneous infusion set
DK0958495T3 (da) 1997-02-06 2003-03-10 Therasense Inc In vitro analysand sensor med lille volumen
US6979309B2 (en) 1997-02-14 2005-12-27 Nxstage Medical Inc. Systems and methods for performing blood processing and/or fluid exchange procedures
EP0993266B1 (en) 1997-02-27 2005-10-19 Terumo Cardiovascular Systems Corporation Cassette for measuring parameters of blood
US6741877B1 (en) 1997-03-04 2004-05-25 Dexcom, Inc. Device and method for determining analyte levels
US6161028A (en) 1999-03-10 2000-12-12 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Method for determining analyte concentration using periodic temperature modulation and phase detection
US6270455B1 (en) 1997-03-28 2001-08-07 Health Hero Network, Inc. Networked system for interactive communications and remote monitoring of drug delivery
US5871470A (en) 1997-04-18 1999-02-16 Becton Dickinson And Company Combined spinal epidural needle set
US6285448B1 (en) 1997-05-05 2001-09-04 J. Todd Kuenstner Clinical analyte determination by infrared spectroscopy
US6050978A (en) 1997-05-09 2000-04-18 Becton Dickinson And Company Needleless valve connector
US6558351B1 (en) 1999-06-03 2003-05-06 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Closed loop system for controlling insulin infusion
US5954643A (en) 1997-06-09 1999-09-21 Minimid Inc. Insertion set for a transcutaneous sensor
US7267665B2 (en) 1999-06-03 2007-09-11 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Closed loop system for controlling insulin infusion
US6500150B1 (en) 1997-06-16 2002-12-31 Elan Pharma International Limited Pre-filled drug-delivery device and method of manufacture and assembly of same
US5948695A (en) 1997-06-17 1999-09-07 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Device for determination of an analyte in a body fluid
US6071292A (en) 1997-06-28 2000-06-06 Transvascular, Inc. Transluminal methods and devices for closing, forming attachments to, and/or forming anastomotic junctions in, luminal anatomical structures
US7010336B2 (en) 1997-08-14 2006-03-07 Sensys Medical, Inc. Measurement site dependent data preprocessing method for robust calibration and prediction
US6115673A (en) 1997-08-14 2000-09-05 Instrumentation Metrics, Inc. Method and apparatus for generating basis sets for use in spectroscopic analysis
US5858005A (en) 1997-08-27 1999-01-12 Science Incorporated Subcutaneous infusion set with dynamic needle
US6200287B1 (en) 1997-09-05 2001-03-13 Gambro, Inc. Extracorporeal blood processing methods and apparatus
US6102872A (en) 1997-11-03 2000-08-15 Pacific Biometrics, Inc. Glucose detector and method
US5964718A (en) 1997-11-21 1999-10-12 Mercury Diagnostics, Inc. Body fluid sampling device
US6090092A (en) 1997-12-04 2000-07-18 Baxter International Inc. Sliding reconstitution device with seal
US5971941A (en) 1997-12-04 1999-10-26 Hewlett-Packard Company Integrated system and method for sampling blood and analysis
US6036924A (en) 1997-12-04 2000-03-14 Hewlett-Packard Company Cassette of lancet cartridges for sampling blood
US6579690B1 (en) 1997-12-05 2003-06-17 Therasense, Inc. Blood analyte monitoring through subcutaneous measurement
DE19756872B4 (de) 1997-12-19 2005-06-02 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zur Verabreichung einer Infusion und/oder Perfusion an einen Patienten
AU2005399A (en) 1997-12-19 1999-07-12 Amira Medical Embossed test strip system
US6244776B1 (en) 1998-01-05 2001-06-12 Lien J. Wiley Applicators for health and beauty products
SE523080C2 (sv) 1998-01-08 2004-03-23 Electrolux Ab Dockningssystem för självgående arbetsredskap
US6309370B1 (en) 1998-02-05 2001-10-30 Biosense, Inc. Intracardiac drug delivery
US6728560B2 (en) 1998-04-06 2004-04-27 The General Hospital Corporation Non-invasive tissue glucose level monitoring
US6721582B2 (en) 1999-04-06 2004-04-13 Argose, Inc. Non-invasive tissue glucose level monitoring
US6126637A (en) 1998-04-15 2000-10-03 Science Incorporated Fluid delivery device with collapsible needle cover
US6175752B1 (en) 1998-04-30 2001-01-16 Therasense, Inc. Analyte monitoring device and methods of use
US6283944B1 (en) 1998-04-30 2001-09-04 Medtronic, Inc. Infusion systems with patient-controlled dosage features
US6272364B1 (en) 1998-05-13 2001-08-07 Cygnus, Inc. Method and device for predicting physiological values
US6662030B2 (en) 1998-05-18 2003-12-09 Abbott Laboratories Non-invasive sensor having controllable temperature feature
US6312888B1 (en) 1998-06-10 2001-11-06 Abbott Laboratories Diagnostic assay for a sample of biological fluid
US6226082B1 (en) 1998-06-25 2001-05-01 Amira Medical Method and apparatus for the quantitative analysis of a liquid sample with surface enhanced spectroscopy
US6214629B1 (en) 1998-08-06 2001-04-10 Spectral Diagnostics, Inc. Analytical test device and method for use in medical diagnoses
US6554798B1 (en) 1998-08-18 2003-04-29 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. External infusion device with remote programming, bolus estimator and/or vibration alarm capabilities
US5993423A (en) 1998-08-18 1999-11-30 Choi; Soo Bong Portable automatic syringe device and injection needle unit thereof
US6949081B1 (en) 1998-08-26 2005-09-27 Non-Invasive Technology, Inc. Sensing and interactive drug delivery
US6087182A (en) 1998-08-27 2000-07-11 Abbott Laboratories Reagentless analysis of biological samples
DE19840965A1 (de) 1998-09-08 2000-03-09 Disetronic Licensing Ag Vorrichtung zur Selbstverabreichung eines Produktfluids
ATE241933T1 (de) 1998-09-30 2003-06-15 Cygnus Therapeutic Systems Verfahren und vorrichtung zum vorhersagen von physiologischen messwerten
US6402689B1 (en) 1998-09-30 2002-06-11 Sicel Technologies, Inc. Methods, systems, and associated implantable devices for dynamic monitoring of physiological and biological properties of tumors
US6157041A (en) 1998-10-13 2000-12-05 Rio Grande Medical Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus for tailoring spectroscopic calibration models
JP2002530162A (ja) 1998-11-20 2002-09-17 ノボ ノルディスク アクティーゼルスカブ 注射ニードル
JP2002531884A (ja) 1998-11-30 2002-09-24 ノボ ノルディスク アクティーゼルスカブ 複数の動作を含む自己治療においてユーザを支援するための方法及びシステム
US6540672B1 (en) 1998-12-09 2003-04-01 Novo Nordisk A/S Medical system and a method of controlling the system for use by a patient for medical self treatment
US6077055A (en) 1998-12-03 2000-06-20 Sims Deltec, Inc. Pump system including cassette sensor and occlusion sensor
US6128519A (en) 1998-12-16 2000-10-03 Pepex Biomedical, Llc System and method for measuring a bioanalyte such as lactate
US6200338B1 (en) 1998-12-31 2001-03-13 Ethicon, Inc. Enhanced radiopacity of peripheral and central catheter tubing
US6280381B1 (en) 1999-07-22 2001-08-28 Instrumentation Metrics, Inc. Intelligent system for noninvasive blood analyte prediction
US6531095B2 (en) 1999-02-11 2003-03-11 Careside, Inc. Cartridge-based analytical instrument with optical detector
EP1135052A1 (en) 1999-02-12 2001-09-26 Cygnus, Inc. Devices and methods for frequent measurement of an analyte present in a biological system
US20010034023A1 (en) 1999-04-26 2001-10-25 Stanton Vincent P. Gene sequence variations with utility in determining the treatment of disease, in genes relating to drug processing
EP1048265A1 (en) 1999-04-30 2000-11-02 V.Lilienfeld-Toal, Hermann, Prof. Dr. med. Apparatus and method for detecting a substance
US6669663B1 (en) 1999-04-30 2003-12-30 Medtronic, Inc. Closed loop medicament pump
US6334851B1 (en) 1999-05-10 2002-01-01 Microfab Technologies, Inc. Method for collecting interstitial fluid from the skin
US6835553B2 (en) 1999-05-11 2004-12-28 M-Biotech, Inc. Photometric glucose measurement system using glucose-sensitive hydrogel
US6546268B1 (en) 1999-06-02 2003-04-08 Ball Semiconductor, Inc. Glucose sensor
US7806886B2 (en) 1999-06-03 2010-10-05 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Apparatus and method for controlling insulin infusion with state variable feedback
EP1194069B1 (de) 1999-07-08 2006-03-22 Steffen Dr.-Ing. Leonhardt Vorrichtung zur messung des menschlichen blutzuckerspiegels
US6512937B2 (en) 1999-07-22 2003-01-28 Sensys Medical, Inc. Multi-tier method of developing localized calibration models for non-invasive blood analyte prediction
US6697654B2 (en) 1999-07-22 2004-02-24 Sensys Medical, Inc. Targeted interference subtraction applied to near-infrared measurement of analytes
US6196046B1 (en) 1999-08-25 2001-03-06 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Devices and methods for calibration of a thermal gradient spectrometer
US6261065B1 (en) 1999-09-03 2001-07-17 Baxter International Inc. System and methods for control of pumps employing electrical field sensing
EP1103796B1 (de) 1999-11-19 2003-10-08 ESEC Trading S.A. Sensor zur Detektion eines vorbestimmten Füllgrades eines Behälters
US6470279B1 (en) 1999-11-23 2002-10-22 James Samsoondar Method for calibrating spectrophotometric apparatus with synthetic fluids to measure plasma and serum analytes
KR100750841B1 (ko) 1999-12-16 2007-08-22 알자 코포레이션 채취되는 약물의 경피 유동을 강화하기 위한 장치 및 방법
US6477901B1 (en) 1999-12-21 2002-11-12 Integrated Sensing Systems, Inc. Micromachined fluidic apparatus
US6635014B2 (en) 2000-01-21 2003-10-21 Timothy J. Starkweather Ambulatory medical apparatus and method having telemetry modifiable control software
US6895263B2 (en) 2000-02-23 2005-05-17 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Real time self-adjusting calibration algorithm
US6751490B2 (en) 2000-03-01 2004-06-15 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System Continuous optoacoustic monitoring of hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit
US6375627B1 (en) 2000-03-02 2002-04-23 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Physiological fluid extraction with rapid analysis
US6572542B1 (en) 2000-03-03 2003-06-03 Medtronic, Inc. System and method for monitoring and controlling the glycemic state of a patient
EP1267961A2 (en) 2000-03-28 2003-01-02 Elan Pharma International Limited Device for measuring a volume of drug
US6485465B2 (en) 2000-03-29 2002-11-26 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Methods, apparatuses, and uses for infusion pump fluid pressure and force detection
IT1314759B1 (it) 2000-05-08 2003-01-03 Menarini Farma Ind Strumentazione per la misura ed il controllo del contenuto di glucosiolattato o altri metaboliti in fluidi biologici
US20020010401A1 (en) 2000-05-18 2002-01-24 Andrew Bushmakin Pre- and post-processing of spectral data for calibration using mutivariate analysis techniques
US6699221B2 (en) 2000-06-15 2004-03-02 Vincent L. Vaillancourt Bloodless catheter
US6475196B1 (en) 2000-08-18 2002-11-05 Minimed Inc. Subcutaneous infusion cannula
US6633772B2 (en) 2000-08-18 2003-10-14 Cygnus, Inc. Formulation and manipulation of databases of analyte and associated values
IL138073A0 (en) 2000-08-24 2001-10-31 Glucon Inc Photoacoustic assay and imaging system
WO2002020073A2 (en) 2000-09-08 2002-03-14 Insulet Corporation Devices, systems and methods for patient infusion
WO2002024065A1 (en) 2000-09-22 2002-03-28 Knobbe, Lim & Buckingham Method and apparatus for real-time estimation and control of pysiological parameters
US6553841B1 (en) 2000-09-26 2003-04-29 Helix Technology Corporation Pressure transducer assembly
US7460130B2 (en) 2000-09-26 2008-12-02 Advantage 3D Llc Method and system for generation, storage and distribution of omni-directional object views
AU2001296588B2 (en) 2000-10-04 2006-06-08 Insulet Corporation Data collection assembly for patient infusion system
US20120191052A1 (en) 2000-10-06 2012-07-26 Ip Holdings, Inc. Intelligent activated skin patch system
ATE401919T1 (de) 2000-11-09 2008-08-15 Insulet Corp Gerät zur transkutanen abgabe von medikamenten
WO2002043866A2 (en) 2000-12-01 2002-06-06 Burstein Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and methods for separating components of particulate suspension
US6645142B2 (en) 2000-12-01 2003-11-11 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Glucose monitoring instrument having network connectivity
US6560471B1 (en) 2001-01-02 2003-05-06 Therasense, Inc. Analyte monitoring device and methods of use
JP4996015B2 (ja) 2001-03-12 2012-08-08 メディキット株式会社 留置用カテーテル
US7043288B2 (en) 2002-04-04 2006-05-09 Inlight Solutions, Inc. Apparatus and method for spectroscopic analysis of tissue to detect diabetes in an individual
US6865408B1 (en) 2001-04-11 2005-03-08 Inlight Solutions, Inc. System for non-invasive measurement of glucose in humans
US7756558B2 (en) 2004-05-24 2010-07-13 Trutouch Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and methods for mitigating the effects of foreign interferents on analyte measurements in spectroscopy
US6574490B2 (en) 2001-04-11 2003-06-03 Rio Grande Medical Technologies, Inc. System for non-invasive measurement of glucose in humans
US7139598B2 (en) 2002-04-04 2006-11-21 Veralight, Inc. Determination of a measure of a glycation end-product or disease state using tissue fluorescence
US6748250B1 (en) 2001-04-27 2004-06-08 Medoptix, Inc. Method and system of monitoring a patient
US6837988B2 (en) 2001-06-12 2005-01-04 Lifescan, Inc. Biological fluid sampling and analyte measurement devices and methods
US6890291B2 (en) 2001-06-25 2005-05-10 Mission Medical, Inc. Integrated automatic blood collection and processing unit
US20030208113A1 (en) 2001-07-18 2003-11-06 Mault James R Closed loop glycemic index system
US6544212B2 (en) 2001-07-31 2003-04-08 Roche Diagnostics Corporation Diabetes management system
US6687620B1 (en) 2001-08-01 2004-02-03 Sandia Corporation Augmented classical least squares multivariate spectral analysis
US6788965B2 (en) 2001-08-03 2004-09-07 Sensys Medical, Inc. Intelligent system for detecting errors and determining failure modes in noninvasive measurement of blood and tissue analytes
US20040147034A1 (en) 2001-08-14 2004-07-29 Gore Jay Prabhakar Method and apparatus for measuring a substance in a biological sample
WO2003016882A1 (en) 2001-08-14 2003-02-27 Purdue Research Foundation Measuring a substance in a biological sample
US6678542B2 (en) 2001-08-16 2004-01-13 Optiscan Biomedical Corp. Calibrator configured for use with noninvasive analyte-concentration monitor and employing traditional measurements
US6827702B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2004-12-07 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Safety limits for closed-loop infusion pump control
US6740072B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2004-05-25 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. System and method for providing closed loop infusion formulation delivery
AU2002332915A1 (en) 2001-09-07 2003-03-24 Argose, Inc. Portable non-invasive glucose monitor
US8152789B2 (en) 2001-10-23 2012-04-10 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. System and method for providing closed loop infusion formulation delivery
FI20011918A0 (fi) 2001-10-01 2001-10-01 Mirhava Ltd Automaattinen verisuoni yhteyden hallintalaite
US20050105095A1 (en) 2001-10-09 2005-05-19 Benny Pesach Method and apparatus for determining absorption of electromagnetic radiation by a material
US7050157B2 (en) 2001-11-08 2006-05-23 Optiscan Biomedical Corp. Reagent-less whole-blood glucose meter
US6958809B2 (en) 2001-11-08 2005-10-25 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Reagent-less whole-blood glucose meter
US7061593B2 (en) 2001-11-08 2006-06-13 Optiscan Biomedical Corp. Device and method for in vitro determination of analyte concentrations within body fluids
US6989891B2 (en) 2001-11-08 2006-01-24 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Device and method for in vitro determination of analyte concentrations within body fluids
WO2003045233A1 (en) 2001-11-21 2003-06-05 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Method and apparatus for improving the accuracy of alternative site analyte concentration measurements
US6862534B2 (en) 2001-12-14 2005-03-01 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Method of determining an analyte concentration in a sample from an absorption spectrum
US7009180B2 (en) 2001-12-14 2006-03-07 Optiscan Biomedical Corp. Pathlength-independent methods for optically determining material composition
US7139593B2 (en) 2001-12-14 2006-11-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. System and method for improving performance of an adaptive antenna array in a vehicular environment
US7204823B2 (en) 2001-12-19 2007-04-17 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Medication delivery system and monitor
US6985870B2 (en) 2002-01-11 2006-01-10 Baxter International Inc. Medication delivery system
EP2400288A1 (en) 2002-02-11 2011-12-28 Bayer Corporation Non-invasive system for the determination of analytes in body fluids
US20030212379A1 (en) 2002-02-26 2003-11-13 Bylund Adam David Systems and methods for remotely controlling medication infusion and analyte monitoring
US6878136B2 (en) 2002-02-28 2005-04-12 Medical Product Specialists Huber needle with anti-rebound safety mechanism
US20080172026A1 (en) 2006-10-17 2008-07-17 Blomquist Michael L Insulin pump having a suspension bolus
US7500949B2 (en) 2002-03-01 2009-03-10 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Multilumen catheter
GB0206792D0 (en) 2002-03-22 2002-05-01 Leuven K U Res & Dev Normoglycemia
US7027848B2 (en) 2002-04-04 2006-04-11 Inlight Solutions, Inc. Apparatus and method for non-invasive spectroscopic measurement of analytes in tissue using a matched reference analyte
US20050238507A1 (en) 2002-04-23 2005-10-27 Insulet Corporation Fluid delivery device
US6960192B1 (en) 2002-04-23 2005-11-01 Insulet Corporation Transcutaneous fluid delivery system
US6758835B2 (en) 2002-05-01 2004-07-06 Medtg, Llc Disposable needle assembly having sensors formed therein permitting the simultaneous drawing and administering of fluids and method of forming the same
US7175606B2 (en) 2002-05-24 2007-02-13 Baxter International Inc. Disposable medical fluid unit having rigid frame
US20040010207A1 (en) 2002-07-15 2004-01-15 Flaherty J. Christopher Self-contained, automatic transcutaneous physiologic sensing system
US7018360B2 (en) 2002-07-16 2006-03-28 Insulet Corporation Flow restriction system and method for patient infusion device
US8512276B2 (en) 2002-07-24 2013-08-20 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. System for providing blood glucose measurements to an infusion device
US7278983B2 (en) 2002-07-24 2007-10-09 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Physiological monitoring device for controlling a medication infusion device
US7404796B2 (en) 2004-03-01 2008-07-29 Becton Dickinson And Company System for determining insulin dose using carbohydrate to insulin ratio and insulin sensitivity factor
AU2003278798A1 (en) 2002-09-12 2004-04-30 Children's Hospital Medical Center Method and device for painless injection of medication
US20040051368A1 (en) 2002-09-17 2004-03-18 Jimmy Caputo Systems and methods for programming pumps
US7144384B2 (en) 2002-09-30 2006-12-05 Insulet Corporation Dispenser components and methods for patient infusion device
US7128727B2 (en) 2002-09-30 2006-10-31 Flaherty J Christopher Components and methods for patient infusion device
US7025744B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2006-04-11 Dsu Medical Corporation Injection site for male luer or other tubular connector
AU2003287073B2 (en) 2002-10-11 2009-01-08 Becton, Dickinson And Company System and method for initiating and maintaining continuous, long-term control of a concentration of a substance in a patient using a feedback or model-based controller coupled to a single-needle or multi-needle intradermal (ID) delivery device
US7016720B2 (en) 2002-10-21 2006-03-21 Pacesetter, Inc. System and method for monitoring blood glucose levels using an implantable medical device
US7248912B2 (en) 2002-10-31 2007-07-24 The Regents Of The University Of California Tissue implantable sensors for measurement of blood solutes
US6931328B2 (en) 2002-11-08 2005-08-16 Optiscan Biomedical Corp. Analyte detection system with software download capabilities
US20040133166A1 (en) 2002-11-22 2004-07-08 Minimed Inc. Methods, apparatuses, and uses for infusion pump fluid pressure and force detection
US7142814B2 (en) 2002-12-11 2006-11-28 Shary Nassimi Automatic Bluetooth inquiry mode headset
US20040122353A1 (en) 2002-12-19 2004-06-24 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Relay device for transferring information between a sensor system and a fluid delivery system
US7811231B2 (en) 2002-12-31 2010-10-12 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Continuous glucose monitoring system and methods of use
KR100521855B1 (ko) 2003-01-30 2005-10-14 최수봉 무선교신이 가능한 인슐린펌프 제어방법
US7354429B2 (en) 2003-05-27 2008-04-08 Integrated Sensing Systems, Inc. Device and method for detecting and treating chemical and biological agents
US8016798B2 (en) 2003-02-24 2011-09-13 Integrated Sensing Systems, Inc. Fluid delivery system and sensing unit therefor
US9872890B2 (en) 2003-03-19 2018-01-23 Paul C. Davidson Determining insulin dosing schedules and carbohydrate-to-insulin ratios in diabetic patients
JP4091865B2 (ja) 2003-03-24 2008-05-28 日機装株式会社 薬剤注入装置
US20040204868A1 (en) 2003-04-09 2004-10-14 Maynard John D. Reduction of errors in non-invasive tissue sampling
US7271912B2 (en) 2003-04-15 2007-09-18 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Method of determining analyte concentration in a sample using infrared transmission data
AU2004230483A1 (en) 2003-04-15 2004-10-28 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Sample element for use in material analysis
JP2007525241A (ja) 2003-04-18 2007-09-06 インシュレット コーポレイション 注入ポンプ用リモコンのためのユーザーインターフェース及びそれの使用方法
US20040241736A1 (en) 2003-05-21 2004-12-02 Hendee Shonn P. Analyte determinations
US7258673B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2007-08-21 Lifescan, Inc Devices, systems and methods for extracting bodily fluid and monitoring an analyte therein
EP1641516A4 (en) 2003-06-09 2010-03-03 Nipro Diabetes Systems Inc COUPLING SYSTEM FOR INFUSION PUMP
US8066639B2 (en) 2003-06-10 2011-11-29 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Glucose measuring device for use in personal area network
WO2005007223A2 (en) 2003-07-16 2005-01-27 Sasha John Programmable medical drug delivery systems and methods for delivery of multiple fluids and concentrations
US7591801B2 (en) 2004-02-26 2009-09-22 Dexcom, Inc. Integrated delivery device for continuous glucose sensor
US7519408B2 (en) 2003-11-19 2009-04-14 Dexcom, Inc. Integrated receiver for continuous analyte sensor
WO2005025413A2 (en) 2003-09-11 2005-03-24 Theranos, Inc. Medical device for analyte monitoring and drug delivery
DE10346167A1 (de) 2003-10-01 2005-05-25 Merck Patent Gmbh Glänzende schwarze Interferenzpigmente
US7320676B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2008-01-22 Medtronic, Inc. Pressure sensing in implantable medical devices
KR100567837B1 (ko) 2003-10-24 2006-04-05 케이제이헬스케어 주식회사 혈당측정이 가능한 이동통신단말기와 결합되는 인슐린펌프와, 인슐린 펌프의 제어정보 전송을 위한 네트워크시스템
WO2006053007A2 (en) 2004-11-09 2006-05-18 Angiotech Biocoatings Corp. Antimicrobial needle coating for extended infusion
EP2316331B1 (en) 2003-12-09 2016-06-29 Dexcom, Inc. Signal processing for continuous analyte sensor
US20050137573A1 (en) 2003-12-19 2005-06-23 Animas Corporation System, method, and communication hub for controlling external infusion device
EP1718198A4 (en) 2004-02-17 2008-06-04 Therasense Inc METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING DATA COMMUNICATION IN A CONTINUOUS BLOOD SUGAR MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
CN1997423B (zh) 2004-03-08 2012-10-03 艾科医疗系统公司 改进的治疗剂电介导输送设备
WO2005093629A2 (en) 2004-03-26 2005-10-06 Novo Nordisk A/S Device for displaying data relevant for a diabetic patient
US20060009727A1 (en) 2004-04-08 2006-01-12 Chf Solutions Inc. Method and apparatus for an extracorporeal control of blood glucose
US20080051764A1 (en) 2004-04-19 2008-02-28 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Physiological Monitoring With Continuous Treatment
WO2005110601A1 (en) 2004-05-07 2005-11-24 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Sample element with separator
WO2005113036A1 (en) 2004-05-13 2005-12-01 The Regents Of The University Of California Method and apparatus for glucose control and insulin dosing for diabetics
US20050261660A1 (en) 2004-05-24 2005-11-24 Choi Soo B Method for controlling insulin pump using Bluetooth protocol
DK2259057T3 (en) 2004-06-03 2016-05-09 Medtronic Minimed Inc System for monitoring physical characteristics depending on the user's physical condition
GB2446321B8 (en) 2004-07-13 2011-03-02 Waters Investments Ltd High pressure pump controller.
US7291107B2 (en) 2004-08-26 2007-11-06 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Insulin bolus recommendation system
US7608042B2 (en) 2004-09-29 2009-10-27 Intellidx, Inc. Blood monitoring system
US20070191716A1 (en) 2004-09-29 2007-08-16 Daniel Goldberger Blood monitoring system
US20060229531A1 (en) 2005-02-01 2006-10-12 Daniel Goldberger Blood monitoring system
WO2006047182A2 (en) 2004-10-21 2006-05-04 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Method and apparatus for determining an analyte concentration in a sample having interferents
WO2006069102A1 (en) 2004-12-21 2006-06-29 E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Process for forming a patterned fluoropolymer film on a substrate
US20060167350A1 (en) 2005-01-27 2006-07-27 Monfre Stephen L Multi-tier method of developing localized calibration models for non-invasive blood analyte prediction
US7547281B2 (en) 2005-02-01 2009-06-16 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Algorithm sensor augmented bolus estimator for semi-closed loop infusion system
US8251907B2 (en) 2005-02-14 2012-08-28 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation System and method for determining a treatment dose for a patient
US20060195058A1 (en) 2005-02-14 2006-08-31 Gable Jennifer H Methods and apparatus for extracting and analyzing a bodily fluid
US20060189926A1 (en) 2005-02-14 2006-08-24 Hall W D Apparatus and methods for analyzing body fluid samples
US20070083160A1 (en) 2005-10-06 2007-04-12 Hall W D System and method for assessing measurements made by a body fluid analyzing device
US7785258B2 (en) 2005-10-06 2010-08-31 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation System and method for determining a treatment dose for a patient
US20060200070A1 (en) 2005-02-14 2006-09-07 Callicoat David N Method and apparatus for calibrating an analyte detection system with a calibration sample
US20060204535A1 (en) 2005-02-25 2006-09-14 Johnson Johnnie M Cell-friendly cannula and needle
US20090054753A1 (en) * 2007-08-21 2009-02-26 Mark Ries Robinson Variable Sampling Interval for Blood Analyte Determinations
JP5001934B2 (ja) 2005-04-15 2012-08-15 バイエル・ヘルスケア・エルエルシー 体内グルコースを測定する非侵襲的システム及び方法
US20060253085A1 (en) 2005-05-06 2006-11-09 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Dual insertion set
EP1881786B1 (en) 2005-05-13 2017-11-15 Trustees of Boston University Fully automated control system for type 1 diabetes
US7509156B2 (en) 2005-05-18 2009-03-24 Clarian Health Partners, Inc. System for managing glucose levels in patients with diabetes or hyperglycemia
US8002747B2 (en) 2005-05-26 2011-08-23 The Alfred E. Mann Foundation For Scientific Research Implantable infusion device with multiple controllable fluid outlets
EP1728468A1 (de) 2005-06-04 2006-12-06 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Bewertung von Werten der Blutglucosekonzentration zur Einstellung der Insulindosierung
US20070060869A1 (en) 2005-08-16 2007-03-15 Tolle Mike C V Controller device for an infusion pump
US7766829B2 (en) 2005-11-04 2010-08-03 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Method and system for providing basal profile modification in analyte monitoring and management systems
EP1954190A4 (en) 2005-11-15 2010-10-13 Luminous Medical Inc BLUTANALYTBESTIMMUNGEN
US7704457B2 (en) 2005-11-18 2010-04-27 Patton Charles J Automatic, field portable analyzer using discrete sample aliquots
US20080200838A1 (en) 2005-11-28 2008-08-21 Daniel Goldberger Wearable, programmable automated blood testing system
US20070129690A1 (en) 2005-12-02 2007-06-07 Joel Rosenblatt Catheter with polymeric coating
US8666760B2 (en) 2005-12-30 2014-03-04 Carefusion 303, Inc. Medication order processing and reconciliation
US20070173974A1 (en) 2006-01-25 2007-07-26 Chyi-Yeu Lin Device and method for interacting with autonomous robot
SG169997A1 (en) 2006-02-17 2011-04-29 Alan L Buchman Catheter cleaning devices
US20070197163A1 (en) 2006-02-23 2007-08-23 Research In Motion Limited Combination modes for network connection management
US8478557B2 (en) 2009-07-31 2013-07-02 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Method and apparatus for providing analyte monitoring system calibration accuracy
US20070249007A1 (en) 2006-04-20 2007-10-25 Rosero Spencer Z Method and apparatus for the management of diabetes
EP2024730A4 (en) 2006-05-09 2014-07-16 Axela Inc AUTOMATED LIGHT DIFFRACTION ANALYZER
US20070282269A1 (en) 2006-05-31 2007-12-06 Seattle Medical Technologies Cannula delivery apparatus and method for a disposable infusion device
US20080071157A1 (en) 2006-06-07 2008-03-20 Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc. Analyte monitoring system and method
US20090318791A1 (en) 2006-06-30 2009-12-24 Novo Nordisk A/S Perfusion Device with Compensation of Medical Infusion During Wear-Time
US7914460B2 (en) * 2006-08-15 2011-03-29 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Condensate glucose analyzer
US7682338B2 (en) 2006-08-23 2010-03-23 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Infusion medium delivery system, device and method with needle inserter and needle inserter device and method
US9056165B2 (en) 2006-09-06 2015-06-16 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Intelligent therapy recommendation algorithm and method of using the same
EP2063762A1 (en) 2006-09-06 2009-06-03 Medingo Ltd. Fluid delivery system with optical sensing of analyte concentration levels
US8561614B2 (en) 2006-09-28 2013-10-22 Covidien Lp Multi-layer cuffs for medical devices
GB2443260C (en) 2006-10-26 2017-11-29 Cellnovo Ltd Micro-valve
GB2443261B (en) 2006-10-26 2009-04-22 Starbridge Systems Ltd Wax micro actuator
US8377040B2 (en) 2006-11-06 2013-02-19 Becton, Dickinson And Company Extravascular system venting
US20080214919A1 (en) 2006-12-26 2008-09-04 Lifescan, Inc. System and method for implementation of glycemic control protocols
US7946985B2 (en) 2006-12-29 2011-05-24 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Method and system for providing sensor redundancy
US7734323B2 (en) 2007-01-24 2010-06-08 Smiths Medical Asd, Inc. Correction factor testing using frequent blood glucose input
US20080228056A1 (en) 2007-03-13 2008-09-18 Michael Blomquist Basal rate testing using frequent blood glucose input
US20080249386A1 (en) 2007-04-04 2008-10-09 Pronia Medical Systems, Llc Systems, Methods, and Computer Program Product for Improved Management of Medical Procedures for Patients on Medical Protocols
US20080269714A1 (en) 2007-04-25 2008-10-30 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Closed loop/semi-closed loop therapy modification system
US20080269723A1 (en) 2007-04-25 2008-10-30 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Closed loop/semi-closed loop therapy modification system
EP2150297A1 (en) 2007-04-30 2010-02-10 Medtronic MiniMed, Inc. Needle inserting and fluid flow connection for infusion medium delivery system
US8417311B2 (en) 2008-09-12 2013-04-09 Optiscan Biomedical Corporation Fluid component analysis system and method for glucose monitoring and control
US8221345B2 (en) 2007-05-30 2012-07-17 Smiths Medical Asd, Inc. Insulin pump based expert system
DK2174128T3 (en) 2007-06-20 2016-06-06 Hoffmann La Roche METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EVALUATING carbohydrate-TO-INSULIN RATIO
SI2518655T1 (sl) 2007-06-21 2020-02-28 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Pripomoček in metoda za preprečevanje hipoglikemije
US8078787B2 (en) 2007-06-22 2011-12-13 Apple Inc. Communication between a host device and an accessory via an intermediate device
WO2009002620A1 (en) 2007-06-27 2008-12-31 F. Hoffman-La Roche Ag System and method for developing patient specific therapies based on modeling of patient physiology
US20090036753A1 (en) 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 King Allen B Continuous glucose monitoring-directed adjustments in basal insulin rate and insulin bolus dosing formulas
US7717903B2 (en) 2007-09-06 2010-05-18 M2 Group Holdings, Inc. Operating an infusion pump system
US7935076B2 (en) 2007-09-07 2011-05-03 Asante Solutions, Inc. Activity sensing techniques for an infusion pump system
EP2197350A2 (en) 2007-09-11 2010-06-23 Baxter International Inc. Infusion therapy sensor system
EP2190500B8 (en) 2007-09-17 2016-08-10 vTitan Corporation Private Limited High precision infusion pumps
US8197240B2 (en) 2007-10-02 2012-06-12 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Compressor having improved valve plate
EP4468309A3 (en) * 2007-10-09 2024-12-11 DexCom, Inc. Integrated insulin delivery system with continuous glucose sensor
MX2010003855A (es) 2007-10-10 2010-04-27 Optiscan Biomedical Corp Sistema de analisis de componentes fluidos y metodo para el monitoreo y control de glucosa.
DE102007049446A1 (de) 2007-10-16 2009-04-23 Cequr Aps Katheter-Einführeinrichtung
US7695434B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2010-04-13 Lifescan Scotland, Ltd. Medical device for predicting a user's future glycemic state
US20100262117A1 (en) 2007-11-02 2010-10-14 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Predictive control based system and method for control of insulin delivery in diabetes using glucose sensing
EP2227134A2 (en) 2007-11-21 2010-09-15 Medingo Ltd. Hypodermic optical monitoring of bodily analyte
CN101925372B (zh) 2007-11-21 2013-09-11 梅丁格有限公司 分析物监测和流体分配系统
US7918825B2 (en) 2007-11-29 2011-04-05 Insulet Corporation Interfacing a prefilled syringe with an infusion pump to fill the infusion pump
US20100262434A1 (en) 2007-12-13 2010-10-14 Shaya Steven A Method and apparatus to calculate diabetic sensitivity factors affecting blood glucose
US9839395B2 (en) 2007-12-17 2017-12-12 Dexcom, Inc. Systems and methods for processing sensor data
DE112009000224T5 (de) 2008-01-31 2011-01-05 Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc., Austin Robuster andaptiver modellprädiktiver Regler mit Abstimmung zum Ausgleich einer Modellfehlanpassung
WO2009098648A2 (en) 2008-02-04 2009-08-13 Nilimedix Ltd. Drug delivery system with wireless monitor
US20090221890A1 (en) 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Daniel Saffer Diabetes Management System
EP2252956B1 (en) 2008-03-03 2018-12-26 Roche Diabetes Care GmbH Insulin pump with replacement capabilities
EP2254568B1 (en) 2008-03-12 2017-06-07 University of Miami Compound that activates an ampa/kainate type receptor for treating hypoglycemia
ES2772756T3 (es) 2008-04-09 2020-07-08 Hoffmann La Roche Sensor de nivel de líquido para un sistema modular adherente a la piel para la administración médica de líquidos
TWI394580B (zh) 2008-04-28 2013-05-01 Halozyme Inc 超快起作用胰島素組成物
US8140275B2 (en) * 2008-07-18 2012-03-20 Insulet Corporation Calculating insulin on board for extended bolus being delivered by an insulin delivery device
US8622988B2 (en) 2008-08-31 2014-01-07 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Variable rate closed loop control and methods
US8734422B2 (en) 2008-08-31 2014-05-27 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Closed loop control with improved alarm functions
CN102149421B (zh) 2008-09-09 2014-12-10 普尔蒙克斯股份有限公司 用于抑制分泌物流入功能评估导管的系统和方法
GB2464114B (en) 2008-10-02 2012-06-13 Cellnovo Ltd Linear capacitive displacement sensor
US9409052B2 (en) 2008-10-03 2016-08-09 Adidas Ag Program products, methods, and systems for providing location-aware fitness monitoring services
US8632497B2 (en) 2008-10-09 2014-01-21 Roche Diagnostics Operations Inc. Skin securable drug delivery device with a shock absorbing protective shield
US20100174228A1 (en) 2008-10-24 2010-07-08 Bruce Buckingham Hypoglycemia prediction and control
US8613719B2 (en) 2008-11-03 2013-12-24 Calibra Medical, Inc. Dosage sensing unit with tactile feedback
WO2010053702A1 (en) 2008-11-07 2010-05-14 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method of automatically programming an infusion pump
US9370621B2 (en) 2008-12-16 2016-06-21 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Needle insertion systems and methods
US9375529B2 (en) 2009-09-02 2016-06-28 Becton, Dickinson And Company Extended use medical device
KR20120047841A (ko) 2009-02-26 2012-05-14 몰 리서치 어플리케이션스 엘티디 당뇨병 관련 치료의 자동 감시를 위한 방법 및 시스템
GR1007310B (el) 2009-03-09 2011-06-10 Αχιλλεας Τσουκαλης Εμφυτευσιμος βιοαισθητηρας με αυτοματη βαθμονομηση
US8062249B2 (en) * 2009-03-31 2011-11-22 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Overnight closed-loop insulin delivery with model predictive control and glucose measurement error model
US8172798B2 (en) 2009-05-12 2012-05-08 Sigma International General Medical Apparatus LLC System and method for managing infusion therapies
US9579456B2 (en) 2009-05-22 2017-02-28 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Methods for reducing false hypoglycemia alarm occurrence
WO2010135654A2 (en) 2009-05-22 2010-11-25 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Safety features for integrated insulin delivery system
WO2010135646A1 (en) 2009-05-22 2010-11-25 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Usability features for integrated insulin delivery system
EP2435962B1 (en) 2009-05-29 2023-04-19 University of Virginia Patent Foundation System coordinator and modular architecture for open-loop and closed-loop control of diabetes
US9687194B2 (en) 2009-06-17 2017-06-27 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Closed-loop glucose and/or insulin control system
US8641671B2 (en) 2009-07-30 2014-02-04 Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. Infusion pump system with disposable cartridge having pressure venting and pressure feedback
US8547239B2 (en) 2009-08-18 2013-10-01 Cequr Sa Methods for detecting failure states in a medicine delivery device
US8900190B2 (en) 2009-09-02 2014-12-02 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Insertion device systems and methods
WO2011030343A1 (en) 2009-09-08 2011-03-17 Medingo Ltd. Devices, systems and methods for adjusting fluid delivery parameters
US20110099507A1 (en) 2009-10-28 2011-04-28 Google Inc. Displaying a collection of interactive elements that trigger actions directed to an item
WO2011051922A2 (en) 2009-11-02 2011-05-05 Università Degli Studi Di Padova Method to recalibrate continuous glucose monitoring data on-line
WO2011058366A1 (en) 2009-11-12 2011-05-19 Acacia Pharma Limited Use of bethanechol for treatment of xerostomia
US20110124996A1 (en) 2009-11-20 2011-05-26 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Diabetes health management systems and methods
CA3017128C (en) 2009-12-31 2021-08-31 Deka Products Limited Partnership Infusion pump assembly
US8348898B2 (en) 2010-01-19 2013-01-08 Medimop Medical Projects Ltd. Automatic needle for drug pump
DK2525863T3 (en) 2010-01-20 2019-01-21 Hoffmann La Roche METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IMPROVING Glycemic Control
US10911515B2 (en) 2012-05-24 2021-02-02 Deka Products Limited Partnership System, method, and apparatus for electronic patient care
CN102753222B (zh) 2010-02-05 2015-01-07 赛诺菲-安万特德国有限公司 具有定时锁的载药模块
US9662438B2 (en) 2010-02-05 2017-05-30 Deka Products Limited Partnership Devices, methods and systems for wireless control of medical devices
IL211800A (en) 2010-03-21 2014-03-31 Isaac Zukier Liquid or clot injection device
US8810394B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2014-08-19 Medtronic, Inc. Reservoir monitoring for implantable fluid delivery devices
PT2575935E (pt) 2010-06-07 2015-10-20 Amgen Inc Dispositivo de administração de medicamento
DK2397181T3 (da) 2010-06-18 2014-03-31 Hoffmann La Roche Indføringsindretning med et permanent låseligt og drejeligt nåle-dækorgan
US20110313680A1 (en) 2010-06-22 2011-12-22 Doyle Iii Francis J Health Monitoring System
WO2012024401A2 (en) 2010-08-17 2012-02-23 University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Intelligent drug and/or fluid delivery system to optimizing medical treatment or therapy using pharmacodynamic and/or pharmacokinetic data
US9132233B2 (en) 2010-08-26 2015-09-15 B. Braun Melsungen Ag Infusion control device
US9498573B2 (en) 2010-09-24 2016-11-22 Perqflo, Llc Infusion pumps
EP2436412A1 (en) 2010-10-04 2012-04-04 Unomedical A/S A sprinkler cannula
JP6062859B2 (ja) 2010-10-12 2017-01-18 ザ リージェンツ オブ ザ ユニバーシティ オブ カリフォルニア プログラム、コンピュータで読み取り可能な媒体、薬剤送達コントローラー及び方法
US8707392B2 (en) 2010-10-15 2014-04-22 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Systems and methods for disease management
US9211378B2 (en) 2010-10-22 2015-12-15 Cequr Sa Methods and systems for dosing a medicament
WO2012108957A1 (en) 2011-02-09 2012-08-16 Becton, Dickinson And Company Insulin infusion set
WO2012134588A1 (en) 2011-02-09 2012-10-04 Becton, Dickinson And Company Infusion device with automatic insertion and introducer needle retraction
US9675785B2 (en) 2011-02-09 2017-06-13 Becton, Dickinson And Company Folding inserter for drug delivery infusion set
US8852152B2 (en) 2011-02-09 2014-10-07 Asante Solutions, Inc. Infusion pump systems and methods
US10136845B2 (en) 2011-02-28 2018-11-27 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Devices, systems, and methods associated with analyte monitoring devices and devices incorporating the same
AU2012223282B2 (en) 2011-03-01 2017-02-02 Nutrition 21, Llc Compositions of insulin and chromium for the treatment and prevention of diabetes, hypoglycemia and related disorders
WO2012122520A1 (en) 2011-03-10 2012-09-13 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Multi-function analyte monitor device and methods of use
EP4233718A3 (en) 2011-04-08 2023-10-04 DexCom, Inc. Systems and methods for processing and transmitting sensor data
US20120271655A1 (en) 2011-04-19 2012-10-25 Yishai Knobel Methods and Systems for Enabling Applications on a Mobile Computing Device to Access Data Associated with a Peripheral Medical Device
US8308680B1 (en) 2011-04-26 2012-11-13 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Selective alarms for an infusion device
US20120282111A1 (en) 2011-05-05 2012-11-08 Nip Kenneth Kei-Ho System and method of differential pressure control of a reciprocating electrokinetic pump
US9075900B2 (en) 2011-05-18 2015-07-07 Exco Intouch Systems, methods and computer program products for providing compliant delivery of content, applications and/or solutions
RU2013156970A (ru) 2011-06-23 2015-07-27 Университи Оф Вирджиния Патент Фоундэйшион Унифицированная платформа для мониторинга и контроля уровней глюкозы в крови у больных сахарным диабетом
US11024429B2 (en) * 2011-08-26 2021-06-01 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Method, system and computer readable medium for adaptive and advisory control of diabetes
EP3597260B1 (en) 2011-11-22 2021-03-10 Becton, Dickinson and Company Drug delivery system with a delay mechanism
US9889255B2 (en) 2011-12-07 2018-02-13 Becton, Dickinson And Company Needle shielding assemblies and infusion devices for use therewith
US20130178791A1 (en) 2012-01-09 2013-07-11 Jonathan C. Javitt Method and system for detecting and treating biological and chemical warfare agents
MY177292A (en) 2012-03-07 2020-09-10 Deka Products Lp Infusion pump assembly
US9463280B2 (en) 2012-03-26 2016-10-11 Medimop Medical Projects Ltd. Motion activated septum puncturing drug delivery device
WO2013149186A1 (en) 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 Insulet Corporation Fluid delivery device with transcutaneous access tool, insertion mechansim and blood glucose monitoring for use therewith
WO2013163342A1 (en) * 2012-04-24 2013-10-31 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Methods of lag-compensation for analyte measurements, and devices related thereto
US20150174209A1 (en) 2012-05-25 2015-06-25 Amylin Pharmaceuticals. Llc Insulin-pramlintide compositions and methods for making and using them
EP2858699A1 (en) 2012-06-09 2015-04-15 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Disposable inserter for use with a medical device
US20130338576A1 (en) 2012-06-15 2013-12-19 Wayne C. Jaeschke, Jr. Portable infusion pump with pressure and temperature compensation
CN108452399A (zh) 2012-06-18 2018-08-28 费森尤斯卡比德国有限公司 用于穿刺端口导管的端口插管系统和套件
US9757510B2 (en) 2012-06-29 2017-09-12 Animas Corporation Method and system to handle manual boluses or meal events for closed-loop controllers
KR102147850B1 (ko) 2012-08-30 2020-08-26 메드트로닉 미니메드 인코포레이티드 폐쇄-루프 인슐린 주입 시스템을 위한 보호 기술
US9878096B2 (en) 2012-08-30 2018-01-30 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Generation of target glucose values for a closed-loop operating mode of an insulin infusion system
US10130767B2 (en) 2012-08-30 2018-11-20 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Sensor model supervisor for a closed-loop insulin infusion system
AU2015200834B2 (en) 2012-08-30 2016-07-14 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Safeguarding techniques for a closed-loop insulin infusion system
US9171343B1 (en) 2012-09-11 2015-10-27 Aseko, Inc. Means and method for improved glycemic control for diabetic patients
US20150213217A1 (en) 2012-09-13 2015-07-30 Parkland Center For Clinical Innovation Holistic hospital patient care and management system and method for telemedicine
ES2886346T3 (es) 2012-11-12 2021-12-17 Empi Inc Sistemas y métodos de emparejamiento inalámbrico y comunicación para electroestimulación
US9253433B2 (en) 2012-11-27 2016-02-02 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for tagging media with identity of creator or scene
TWM452390U (zh) 2012-12-11 2013-05-01 Dongguan Masstop Liquid Crystal Display Co Ltd 主動式電容觸控筆
US20140276536A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Asante Solutions, Inc. Infusion Pump System and Methods
US9907909B2 (en) * 2012-12-20 2018-03-06 Animas Corporation Method and system for a hybrid control-to-target and control-to-range model predictive control of an artificial pancreas
EP2943150B1 (en) 2013-01-14 2018-12-05 The Regents of The University of California Daily periodic target-zone modulation in the model predictive control problem for artificial pancreas for type i diabetes applications
WO2014109898A1 (en) 2013-01-14 2014-07-17 The Regents Of University Of California Model-based personalization scheme of an artificial pancreas for type i diabetes applications
US10573413B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2020-02-25 Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. Method for the detection and handling of hypoglycemia
CN105142695B (zh) 2013-03-15 2020-06-02 安进公司 身体轮廓可调适的自动注射器装置
US9795737B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-10-24 Animas Corporation Method and system for closed-loop control of an artificial pancreas
US10016561B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-07-10 Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. Clinical variable determination
ES2671001T3 (es) 2013-03-15 2018-06-04 Animas Corporation Modelo de tiempo-acción de insulina
WO2014172467A1 (en) 2013-04-16 2014-10-23 Smartloop Llc Discretionary insulin delivery systems and methods
US10003545B2 (en) 2013-04-26 2018-06-19 Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. Mobile phone application for diabetes care with medical feature activation
EP3574943B1 (en) 2013-05-31 2021-06-30 Zealand Pharma A/S A fluid delivery device having an insertable prefilled cartridge
US10525199B2 (en) 2013-06-21 2020-01-07 Fresenius Vial Sas Method and control device for controlling the administration of insulin to a patient
CA2918332C (en) 2013-07-18 2023-08-08 Parkland Center For Clinical Innovation Patient care surveillance system and method
US10112011B2 (en) 2013-07-19 2018-10-30 Dexcom, Inc. Time averaged basal rate optimizer
WO2015056259A1 (en) 2013-10-14 2015-04-23 Dreamed-Diabetes Ltd. System and method for improved artificial pancreas management
EP2862586B1 (en) 2013-10-21 2021-09-01 F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG Control unit for infusion pump units, including a controlled intervention unit
US10517892B2 (en) 2013-10-22 2019-12-31 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Methods and systems for inhibiting foreign-body responses in diabetic patients
CA2920297A1 (en) 2013-10-31 2015-05-07 Dexcom, Inc. Adaptive interface for continuous monitoring devices
US10311972B2 (en) 2013-11-11 2019-06-04 Icu Medical, Inc. Medical device system performance index
AU2014349078B2 (en) 2013-11-14 2019-07-25 Regents Of The University Of California Glucose rate increase detector: a meal detection module for the health monitoring system
JP6685232B2 (ja) 2013-12-01 2020-04-22 ベクトン・ディキンソン・アンド・カンパニーBecton, Dickinson And Company 薬剤装置
US9849240B2 (en) 2013-12-12 2017-12-26 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Data modification for predictive operations and devices incorporating same
US20150173674A1 (en) 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Diabetes Sentry Products Inc. Detecting and communicating health conditions
WO2015097792A1 (ja) 2013-12-25 2015-07-02 富士通株式会社 ペアリング処理装置、ペアリング処理方法及びペアリング処理プログラム
EP3087548A4 (en) 2013-12-26 2017-09-13 Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. Safety processor for wireless control of a drug delivery device
WO2015103543A1 (en) 2014-01-03 2015-07-09 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Central data exchange node for system monitoring and control of blood glucose levels in diabetic patients
US9233204B2 (en) * 2014-01-31 2016-01-12 Aseko, Inc. Insulin management
US9486580B2 (en) 2014-01-31 2016-11-08 Aseko, Inc. Insulin management
US9399096B2 (en) 2014-02-06 2016-07-26 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Automatic closed-loop control adjustments and infusion systems incorporating same
WO2015136513A1 (en) 2014-03-14 2015-09-17 HUGHES, John Pascal A monitoring device
US10034976B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2018-07-31 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Fluid infusion patch pump device with automatic fluid system priming feature
CN106415556B (zh) * 2014-04-10 2020-09-08 德克斯康公司 血糖紧迫性评估和警告界面
JP2017516548A (ja) 2014-06-06 2017-06-22 デックスコム・インコーポレーテッド データ及び文脈に基づいた故障判別及び応答処理
US9932381B2 (en) * 2014-06-18 2018-04-03 Sanofi Exendin-4 derivatives as selective glucagon receptor agonists
WO2015196174A1 (en) 2014-06-20 2015-12-23 Greene Howard E Infusion delivery devices and methods
EP3160545B1 (en) 2014-06-30 2023-11-01 ICU Medical, Inc. Infusion pump error display
CN107073207B (zh) 2014-08-01 2020-03-20 伯克顿迪金森公司 连续葡萄糖监测注射装置
WO2016022650A1 (en) 2014-08-06 2016-02-11 Regents Of The University Of California Moving-horizon state-initializer for control applications
US9717845B2 (en) 2014-08-19 2017-08-01 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Geofencing for medical devices
WO2016033496A1 (en) 2014-08-28 2016-03-03 Unitract Syringe Pty Ltd Skin sensors for drug delivery devices
EP3193982B1 (en) 2014-09-15 2021-03-24 Sanofi Skin-attachable drug injection device with detachment sensor
US20160082187A1 (en) 2014-09-23 2016-03-24 Animas Corporation Decisions support for patients with diabetes
WO2016061308A1 (en) 2014-10-17 2016-04-21 Kahlbaugh Bradley E Human metabolic condition management
US9636453B2 (en) 2014-12-04 2017-05-02 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Advance diagnosis of infusion device operating mode viability
US9943645B2 (en) 2014-12-04 2018-04-17 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Methods for operating mode transitions and related infusion devices and systems
US10307535B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2019-06-04 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Infusion devices and related methods and systems for preemptive alerting
WO2016115372A1 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-07-21 Becton, Dickinson And Company Smart module for autoinjection devices
EP3733227B1 (en) 2015-02-18 2024-05-01 Insulet Corporation Fluid delivery and infusion devices
ES2856759T3 (es) 2015-03-02 2021-09-28 Amgen Inc Dispositivo y método para hacer conexiones asépticas
US10617363B2 (en) 2015-04-02 2020-04-14 Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. Methods and systems for analyzing glucose data measured from a person having diabetes
US20220384007A1 (en) * 2015-05-07 2022-12-01 Dexcom, Inc. System and method for monitoring compliance with an insulin regimen prescribed for a diabetic patient
US10646650B2 (en) 2015-06-02 2020-05-12 Illinois Institute Of Technology Multivariable artificial pancreas method and system
JP6853198B2 (ja) 2015-06-28 2021-03-31 ザ リージェンツ オブ ザ ユニバーシティ オブ カリフォルニアThe Regents Of The University Of California 1型糖尿病に適用するための人工膵臓の速度重み付けモデル予測制御
US10463297B2 (en) 2015-08-21 2019-11-05 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Personalized event detection methods and related devices and systems
CN108352198A (zh) 2015-11-04 2018-07-31 拜耳医药保健有限公司 条形码数据库和软件更新系统
US10716896B2 (en) 2015-11-24 2020-07-21 Insulet Corporation Wearable automated medication delivery system
US10413665B2 (en) 2015-11-25 2019-09-17 Insulet Corporation Wearable medication delivery device
US10248839B2 (en) 2015-11-30 2019-04-02 Intel Corporation Locating objects within depth images
EP4383113A3 (en) 2015-12-18 2024-09-18 DexCom, Inc. Data backfilling for continuous glucose monitoring
CN108472440B (zh) 2016-01-05 2021-11-09 比格福特生物医药公司 操作多模式药物输送系统
US9980140B1 (en) 2016-02-11 2018-05-22 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. Secure communication architecture for medical devices
WO2017167815A1 (en) * 2016-03-29 2017-10-05 Roche Diabetes Care Gmbh Method of operating a receiver for receiving analyte data, receiver and computer program product
US10792423B2 (en) 2016-04-13 2020-10-06 The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania Methods, systems, and computer readable media for physiology parameter-invariant meal detection
US20200268968A1 (en) 2016-04-22 2020-08-27 Children`S Medical Center Corporation Methods and systems for managing diabetes
CN109069073B (zh) 2016-05-02 2022-06-28 德克斯康公司 用于提供针对用户优化的告警的系统和方法
EP3463510B1 (en) 2016-05-26 2019-11-13 Insulet Corporation Single dose drug delivery device
US10332632B2 (en) * 2016-06-01 2019-06-25 Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. Control-to-range failsafes
US11883630B2 (en) 2016-07-06 2024-01-30 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Event-triggered model predictive control for embedded artificial pancreas systems
US10052441B2 (en) 2016-08-02 2018-08-21 Becton, Dickinson And Company System and method for measuring delivered dose
US11202579B2 (en) 2016-08-08 2021-12-21 Zoll Medical Corporation Wrist-worn device for coordinating patient care
EP4120151A1 (en) 2016-09-09 2023-01-18 Dexcom, Inc. Method for enabling health care provider set up of a bolus calculator
US10987032B2 (en) 2016-10-05 2021-04-27 Cláudio Afonso Ambrósio Method, system, and apparatus for remotely controlling and monitoring an electronic device
US10561788B2 (en) 2016-10-06 2020-02-18 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Infusion systems and methods for automated exercise mitigation
US11097051B2 (en) 2016-11-04 2021-08-24 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Methods and apparatus for detecting and reacting to insufficient hypoglycemia response
US10854324B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2020-12-01 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Infusion systems and methods for prospective closed-loop adjustments
US11534548B2 (en) 2016-12-30 2022-12-27 Medtrum Technologies Inc. System and method for a closed loop control in an artificial pancreas
US10583250B2 (en) 2017-01-13 2020-03-10 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. System and method for adjusting insulin delivery
US11033682B2 (en) * 2017-01-13 2021-06-15 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. Insulin delivery methods, systems and devices
US10881793B2 (en) 2017-01-13 2021-01-05 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. System and method for adjusting insulin delivery
CA3046354A1 (en) 2017-01-17 2018-07-26 Kaleo, Inc. Medicament delivery devices with wireless connectivity and event detection
US11197949B2 (en) 2017-01-19 2021-12-14 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Medication infusion components and systems
JP2020511202A (ja) 2017-02-15 2020-04-16 ユニヴァーシティー オブ ヴァージニア パテント ファンデーション ドゥーイング ビジネス アズ ユニヴァーシティー オブ ヴァージニア ライセンシング アンド ヴェンチャーズ グループ 閉ループ人工膵臓システム用の基礎レートプロファイル適応アルゴリズムのためのシステム、方法、及びコンピュータ可読媒体
JP6929673B2 (ja) 2017-03-21 2021-09-01 テルモ株式会社 算出装置、送液装置、及びインスリン投与システム
US10729849B2 (en) 2017-04-07 2020-08-04 LifeSpan IP Holdings, LLC Insulin-on-board accounting in an artificial pancreas system
US11147920B2 (en) 2017-04-18 2021-10-19 Lifescan Ip Holdings, Llc Diabetes management system with automatic basal and manual bolus insulin control
CA3198598A1 (en) 2017-05-05 2018-11-08 Eli Lilly And Company Closed loop control of physiological glucose
WO2019005686A1 (en) 2017-06-26 2019-01-03 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. INTEGRATED CGM ARCHITECTURES AND DESIGNS FOR ARTIFICIAL PANCREAS
US20210193285A1 (en) 2017-10-19 2021-06-24 Dreamed Diabetes Ltd. A system and method for use in disease treatment management
WO2019094440A1 (en) 2017-11-08 2019-05-16 General Vibration Corporation Coherent phase switching and modulation of a linear actuator array
US11197964B2 (en) * 2017-12-12 2021-12-14 Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc. Pen cap for medication injection pen having temperature sensor
CA3085930A1 (en) 2017-12-21 2019-06-27 Eli Lilly And Company Closed loop control of physiological glucose
EP4492399A2 (en) 2018-05-04 2025-01-15 Insulet Corporation Safety constraints for a control algorithm-based drug delivery system
US12020797B2 (en) 2018-06-22 2024-06-25 Ypsomed Ag Insulin and pramlintide delivery systems, methods, and devices
US10335464B1 (en) 2018-06-26 2019-07-02 Novo Nordisk A/S Device for titrating basal insulin
AU2018264051B2 (en) 2018-08-09 2020-03-26 Final Bell Brand Co. A vaporization device, method of using the device, a charging case, a kit, and a vibration assembly
US10894126B2 (en) 2018-09-28 2021-01-19 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Fluid infusion system that automatically determines and delivers a correction bolus
US11097052B2 (en) 2018-09-28 2021-08-24 Medtronic Minimed, Inc. Insulin infusion device with configurable target blood glucose value for automatic basal insulin delivery operation
AU2019347755B2 (en) 2018-09-28 2023-02-02 Insulet Corporation Activity mode for artificial pancreas system
US20220054748A1 (en) 2018-10-15 2022-02-24 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Control model for artificial pancreas
AU2020314831A1 (en) 2019-07-16 2022-02-24 Beta Bionics, Inc. Blood glucose control system
WO2021026004A1 (en) 2019-08-02 2021-02-11 Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Systems, devices, and methods relating to medication dose guidance
US11935637B2 (en) 2019-09-27 2024-03-19 Insulet Corporation Onboarding and total daily insulin adaptivity
WO2022020197A1 (en) 2020-07-22 2022-01-27 Insulet Corporation Open-loop insulin delivery basal parameters based on insulin delivery records

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101238468A (zh) * 2005-06-06 2008-08-06 霍夫曼-拉罗奇有限公司 在糖尿病控制设备中提供用户干预的系统和方法
CN104054081A (zh) * 2011-08-12 2014-09-17 基因奥尼克斯有限公司 胰岛素泵
CN106456064A (zh) * 2014-01-31 2017-02-22 波士顿大学董事会 基于在前时期的离线葡萄糖控制

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA3099113A1 (en) 2019-11-07
AU2019263490A1 (en) 2020-11-26
WO2019213493A1 (en) 2019-11-07
CN112236826A (zh) 2021-01-15
AU2023210562A1 (en) 2023-08-24
EP4492399A2 (en) 2025-01-15
CN118750687A (zh) 2024-10-11
US20190336684A1 (en) 2019-11-07
EP3788628A1 (en) 2021-03-10
US20190336683A1 (en) 2019-11-07
US12090301B2 (en) 2024-09-17
EP3788628C0 (en) 2024-12-11
US20230181824A1 (en) 2023-06-15
EP3788628B1 (en) 2024-12-11
US11883632B2 (en) 2024-01-30
WO2019213493A9 (en) 2020-03-05
US11565043B2 (en) 2023-01-31
JP2021522895A (ja) 2021-09-02
JP7124120B2 (ja) 2022-08-23
JP2022167924A (ja) 2022-11-04
US20240399059A1 (en) 2024-12-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN112236826B (zh) 基于控制算法的药物输送系统的安全约束
US20240252751A1 (en) Activity mode for artificial pancreas system
US20210299354A1 (en) Insulin delivery methods, systems and devices
AU2017275393B2 (en) Control-to-range failsafes
EP2986215B1 (en) Discretionary insulin delivery systems and methods
US11986630B2 (en) Dual hormone delivery system for reducing impending hypoglycemia and/or hyperglycemia risk
EP3961642A1 (en) Adjusting settings to different degrees of aggressiveness in an automated insulin delivery system based on quality of blood glucose level control by a user

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant