CN111697952B - Method and system for adjusting pulse width based on digital PZC system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for adjusting pulse width based on a digital PZC system, which adopt an inverse system method to deduce the time-domain-based numerical recurrence of a PZC circuit, the reconstructed digital PZC circuit physical model is more universal, the original PZC digital model is simplified, the application range of the digital PZC system is widened, and the function of narrowing only a pulse signal in the analog PZC system is expanded to the digital PZC system to narrow the pulse and widen the pulse signal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of signal processing, in particular to a method for adjusting pulse width based on a digital PZC system.
Background
In the nuclear radiation measurement system, the signal output by the detector is characterized by a negative index signal with a fast rising front edge and a slow falling back edge to a base line, and the top of the signal is reduced along with the time index law, and the specific law can refer to the nuclear electronics published by Wang Jing in the atomic energy publishing company in 1983 and the nuclear electronics technical principle published by Wang Zhiying in the atomic energy publishing company in 1989. When the counting rate is high, the pulse tail accumulation can cause obvious baseline drift, so that peak position is moved and the energy resolution of the spectrometer is deteriorated, and the superimposed pulse can completely block a post-amplifier to prevent the post-amplifier from working normally.
In the nuclear signal processing, the first stage is a very zero cancellation (pole zero cancellation, PZC) system generally, the second stage is an amplifying and shaping system, the third stage is a multi-channel or counter system, with the development of digital technology, the current amplifying and shaping system of the second stage is increasingly simplified, and the shaping functions of the second stage are already realized in the third stage DPP digital shaping energy spectrum system.
In the design of a multichannel pulse amplitude analyzer, in order to reduce the pulse stacking probability, a first stage of a main amplifier usually adopts an analog polar zero cancellation technology to narrow the pulse width of a signal after the signal is output before the signal is output, and then the signal is output to a later stage amplifier. In the design of digital multichannel pulse amplitude analyzers, various digital conversion methods have been studied to perform signal processing, including digital polar zero cancellation techniques to adjust the pulse width of the detector signal, and circuit analysis uses Laplace conversion or Z conversion (Z-transform) to analyze, which can only achieve output signals that are narrower than input signals, and cannot achieve digital signal broadening and narrowing of pulses.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the technology, and provides a method for adjusting pulse width based on a digital PZC system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the purpose is as follows:
a method of adjusting pulse width based on a digital PZC system, comprising the steps of:
s1, nuclear signal processing: inputting the nuclear signal into a PZC circuit, and adjusting the width of an output signal;
s2, analog-to-digital conversion: converting the analog signal output in the step S1 into a digital signal through an ADC;
s3, restoring the digital signal into a step signal through inverse transformation of digital CR;
s4, the step signal is subjected to digital CR conversion to obtain a negative index signal with adjustable width.
The invention relates to a method for adjusting pulse width based on a digital PZC system, which further adopts the preferable scheme that: the digital solution of the CR inverse transform in S3 is as follows: CR-based systemDigital solution formula of (2)Wherein X (n) is input signal digitization, Y (n) is output signal digitization, K=dt/(RC), and the formula is obtained by CR inverse transformation
X[n+1]-X[n]＝(1+K)*Y[n+1]-Y[n]
Finishing to obtain
X[n+1]-X[n]＝K*Y[n+1]+(Y[n+1]-Y[n])
The formula is obtained by integral transformation
X [ n+1] =k Σyn+1 ] +yn+1 ] to effect the inverse digital CR transform.
The invention relates to a method for adjusting pulse width based on a digital PZC system, which further adopts the preferable scheme that: the digital solution of the digital CR transform in S4 is as follows: the signal Y n is passed through digital C-R inverse system to obtain signal X n, and the signal X n is passed through digital C-R system to obtain signal Z n
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+X[n+1]-X[n])/(1+K 2 )
The formula X [ n+1] obtained after the inverse transformation of the digital CR is calculated]＝K 1 *ΣY[n+1]+Y[n+1]Substituting the above formula to obtain
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+K 1 (ΣY[n+1]-ΣY[n])+Y[n+1]-Y[n])/(1+K 2 )
Finishing to obtain
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+K 1 *Y[n+1]+Y[n+1]-Y[n])/(1+K 2 )
Further finishing to obtain
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+(1+K 1 )*Y[n+1]-Y[n])/(1+K 2 ) I.e. a digital recursion of the digital PZC system.
In the implementation process of the method, the invention also provides a system for adjusting pulse width based on the digital PZC system, which comprises the following steps:
nuclear signal detector: converting the rays into nucleation signals;
PZC circuit: the device is used for adjusting the signal width, inputting the nuclear signal into the PZC circuit and adjusting the width of the output signal;
and the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for: for converting the analog signal output from the PZC after adjustment into a digital signal;
CR inverse system: restoring the digital signal into a step signal through inverse transformation of digital CR;
CR system: and obtaining the negative index signal with adjustable width by digital CR conversion of the step signal.
The invention relates to a system for adjusting pulse width based on a digital PZC system, which further adopts the preferable technical scheme that:
the digital model adopted for carrying out CR inverse transformation in the CR inverse system is
X[n+1]＝K*ΣY[n+1]+Y[n+1]。
The invention relates to a system for adjusting pulse width based on a digital PZC system, which further adopts the preferable technical scheme that:
the digital model adopted for CR transformation in the CR system is
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+X[n+1]-X[n])/(1+K 2 )。
The invention adopts the inverse system method to deduce the numerical value recurrence of the polar zero cancellation circuit based on the time domain based on the analysis of the original digital PZC system, the reconstructed digital polar zero cancellation circuit physical model is more universal, the original PZC digital model is simplified, the application range of the digital PZC system is widened, and the function of only realizing pulse signal narrowing in the analog PZC system is expanded to the digital PZC system to narrow pulses and widen pulse signals. The C-R inverse system digital solution derived for constructing a new digital PZC system is very useful, and can be used as a powerful tool to convert a negative index signal into a step signal and an impact signal to study a nuclear signal.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a very zero cancellation system circuit (passive PZC).
FIG. 3 is a graph of formula 7 for different k 1 Digital-analog plot of values.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a physical model of the PZC system according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a basic C-R differential forming schematic.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a digital implementation of the C-R inverse system.
FIG. 7 is a C-R inverse digital simulation graph.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent C-R system circuit in a PZC circuit.
Fig. 9 is a digital-analog diagram of equation 16.
Fig. 10 is a functional block diagram of core signal processing.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided below is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
Examples
A method of adjusting pulse width based on a digital PZC system, comprising the steps of:
s1, nuclear signal processing: inputting the nuclear signal into a PZC circuit, and adjusting the width of an output signal;
s2, analog-to-digital conversion: converting the analog signal output in the step S1 into a digital signal through an ADC;
s3, restoring the digital signal into a step signal through inverse transformation of digital CR;
s4, the step signal is subjected to digital CR conversion to obtain a negative index signal with adjustable width.
The digital solution of the CR inverse transform in S3 is as follows: digital solution formula based on CR system
Wherein X (n) is input signal digitization, Y (n) is output signal digitization, K=dt/(RC), and the formula is obtained by CR inverse transformation
X[n+1]-X[n]＝(1+K)*Y[n+1]-Y[n]
Finishing to obtain
X[n+1]-X[n]＝K*Y[n+1]+(Y[n+1]-Y[n])
The formula is obtained by integral transformation
X [ n+1] =k Σyn+1 ] +yn+1 ] to effect the CR inverse transform.
The digital solution of the CR transform in S4 is as follows: the signal Y n is passed through C-R inverse system to obtain signal X n, and the signal X n is passed through C-R system to obtain signal Z n
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+X[n+1]-X[n])/(1+K 2 )
Formula X [ n+1] obtained by inverse transformation of CR]＝K 1 *ΣY[n+1]+Y[n+1]Substituting the above formula to obtain
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+K 1 (ΣY[n+1]-ΣY[n])+Y[n+1]-Y[n])/(1+K 2 )
Finishing to obtain
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+K 1 *Y[n+1]+Y[n+1]-Y[n])/(1+K 2 )
Further finishing to obtain
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+(1+K 1 )*Y[n+1]-Y[n])/(1+K 2 ) Finally, the digital recursion solution of the digital PZC system is obtained.
In the implementation process of the method, the system adopted by the invention is a system for adjusting pulse width based on a digital PZC system, which comprises the following steps:
PZC system: the device is used for adjusting the signal width, inputting the nuclear signal into the PZC circuit and adjusting the width of the output signal;
and the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for: for converting the analog signal output from the PZC after adjustment into a digital signal;
CR inverse system: restoring the digital signal into a step signal through inverse transformation of digital CR; the mathematical model when performing the CR inverse transformation process in the CR inverse system is X [ n+1] =k X Σyn+1 ] +yn+1 ].
CR system: step signal is converted by digital CR to obtain negative index signal with adjustable width, and the mathematical model for CR conversion in CR system is Zn+1]＝(Z[n]+X[n+1]-X[n])/(1+K 2 )。
In this embodiment, the known system and Vin and the process of solving Vout are defined as a positive system, and the known system and Vout and the process of solving Vin are defined as an inverse system.
To verify that the signal conditioning of the present invention is achievable, the present example makes the following specific verification procedure.
According to the conventional analog PZC circuit in the nuclear electronics, as shown in fig. 2, rx is used to match an input signal, R is used to adjust the width of an output signal, and a high-speed signal can be designed into an active PZC mode, so that the signal driving capability is stronger. Then, performing numerical recurrence, wherein the value of the adjustable resistor is R x According to KCL law, the following voltage transfer formula can be established
Multiplying R at both sides simultaneously x Obtaining
At both sides simultaneously take advantage ofThen there is
Order theThen the formula (3) can be simplified as
k x ·(v i -v o )+d(v i -v o )＝k 1 ·v o (4)
Fast discretization of continuous analog signals by high-speed ADC, so v in the above equation i 、v o Can be written as x [ n ]]、y[n](discrete signal), and is arranged to obtain (5)
k x ·(x[n]-y[n])+[x[n]-x[n-1]-(y[n])-y[n-1])]＝k 1 ·y[n] (5)
Finishing to obtain
(1+k x +k 1 )·y[n]＝(1+k x )·x[n]-x[n-1]+y[n-1] (6)
Is arranged to obtain
The formula (7) is the numerical value recurrence of the polar zero cancellation circuit, the signal of the output signal of the preamplifier after the digital polar zero cancellation processing can be obtained by the recurrence and calling of the formula (7), and k is changed x 、k 1 The values of (2) can be used to make an extreme zero compensation for input signals of different decay time constants. The formula is the result obtained after signal processing in the prior art.
Using standard negative exponential signals with different k 1 The values were simulated by digital polar zero cancellation as shown in FIG. 3 (time t 50ns on the abscissa and amplitude on the ordinate), in the special case of k 1 When=0 (i.e. when R is infinity), y [ n ]]＝x[n]The output is equal to the input signal.
The method of the invention is to build a physical model of the PZC system based on the above, as shown in FIG. 4, i.e. the input negative exponent signal first passes through the first stage CR -1 The system is restored to a step signal, and the step signal passes through a primary CR system to obtain a signal with a required attenuation constant.
The inverse of the C-R differential circuit is defined as the C-R inverse (i.e., CR as described herein -1 System) to obtain CR by analysis of CR system digital solution -1 Digital solution of system, and CR -1 And the system and the CR system are cascaded to reconstruct a new digital PZC system.
The specific process is, as shown in FIG. 5, V in the CR system in For input signal, V out For the output signal, we have derived a digital solution of the CR positive system in the early stage (see for specific processes the nuclear signal digital analysis and processing by 2017, by Zhou Jian, zhou Wei, wang Min et al, by chinese atomic energy publishers; and the nuclear signal digital analysis and digital simulation by Zhou Jian, zhou Wei, wang Min, by chinese atomic energy publishers, 2015):
with a sufficiently small time interval, V can be determined in Digitization to X (n), V out Digitization to Y (n) can convert equation (8) to equation (9), n=0, 1, 2 …, k=dt/(RC).
The inverse of the C-R differential circuit is defined as the C-R inverse. And (3) carrying out C-R inverse transformation on the formula (9) to obtain a formula (10).
X[n+1]-X[n]＝(1+K)*Y[n+1]-Y[n] (10)
Finishing to obtain
X[n+1]-X[n]＝K*Y[n+1]+(Y[n+1]-Y[n]) (11)
Performing integral transformation on the formula (11) to obtain the following formula when the initial value of the input/output signal is 0
X[n+1]＝K*ΣY[n+1]+Y[n+1] (12)
This is the digital solution of the C-R inverse system, and the form of equation (12) is important and can be implemented very conveniently in a digital system as shown in FIG. 6.
After passing the actual acquired detector signal through the system described by equation (12), the digital simulation results in the effect shown in fig. 7 (time t×50ns on the abscissa and amplitude on the ordinate).
Setting a signal Y [ n ] to obtain a signal X [ n ] through a C-R inverse system, obtaining a signal Z [ n ] through a C-R positive system, and deducing the process of signal conversion as follows:
the signal Xn is obtained by C-R system, and the signal Zn is obtained according to CR system digital solution formula (9)
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+X[n+1]-X[n])/(1+K 2 ) (13)
And signal X [ n ]]Is a pass signal Y [ n ]]Obtained by C-R inversion, and the formula (12) of integrating transformation after CR inverse transformation is X [ n+1]]＝K 1 *ΣY[n+1]+Y[n+1]Substituting formula (13) to obtain
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+K 1 (ΣY[n+1]-ΣY[n])+Y[n+1]-Y[n])/(1+K 2 ) (14)
Finishing to obtain
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+K 1 *Y[n+1]+Y[n+1]-Y[n])/(1+K 2 ) (15)
Further finishing to obtain
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+(1+K 1 )*Y[n+1]-Y[n])/(1+K 2 ) (16)
Equation (16) is a numerical recurrence of the fig. 4 numerical PZC system, which differs from equation (7), the existing result, in that the C-R portion transient analysis in fig. 2 is equivalent to the system in fig. 8.
As can be seen from the circuit of fig. 8: k (K) 2 ＝Δt/(R 2 .C)＝Δt/(R 1 .R x .C/(R 1 +R x ))
The formula can be reduced to:
K 2 ＝Δt.(R 1 +R x )/(R 1 .R x .C)
then the item is disassembled to obtain
K 2 ＝Δt/(R 1 .C)+Δt/(R x .C)
Due to R x C is a parameter in the construction of an inverse C-R system, a numerical valueAre all the same as in FIG. 10, and therefore k 1 ＝Δt/(R 1 .C),k x ＝Δt/(R x C), the following formula can be simplified:
K 2 ＝k 1 +k x
by combining equation 16, it can be obtained that, in signal conditioning, the signal is adjusted by adjusting K 2 The signal width can be adjusted by adjusting the value of (a). K (K) 2 Widening at less than Kx.
Since the invention is based on digital processing, K can be applied during digital processing 1 Adjust to any value, when k is x Then there is K 1 ＝k x 。
k 1 ＝Δt/(R 1 .C),k x ＝Δt/(R x .C)(R x C is a parameter in constructing an inverse C-R system, the same value as in fig. 10) then it can be explained that equation (7) is equivalent to equation (16), and equation (7) is a specific solution of equation (16).
It can be seen that the functions achievable by the formula (16) finally obtained by the invention and the digital processing model of the invention are more powerful, K in the formula (7) 2 ＝k x +k 1 >k x So the output signal can only be more narrowly shown in the digital simulation of fig. 2 than the input signal, whereas equation (16) can allow K 2 <K x Thus realizing two functions of digital stretching and narrowing of the pulse, and accurately describing the functions of the system shown in the PZC system model (figure 4) in the invention, as shown in a digital analog output signal of figure 9 (time t multiplied by 50ns on the abscissa and amplitude on the ordinate).
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiment should not be construed as limiting the invention, and the scope of the invention should be defined by the appended claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for adjusting pulse width based on a digital PZC system, comprising the steps of:
s1, nuclear signal processing: inputting the nuclear signal into a PZC circuit, and adjusting the width of an output signal;
s2, analog-to-digital conversion: converting the analog signal output in the step S1 into a digital signal through an ADC;
s3 the digital signal is restored to a step signal by inverse digital CR transformation,
the digital solution process for the CR inverse transform is as follows: digital solution formula based on CR system
Wherein X (n) is the digitization of the input signal, Y (n) is the digitization of the output signal,
K=dt/(RC), the above formula is obtained by CR inverse transformation
X[n+1]-X[n]＝(1+K)*Y[n+1]-Y[n]
Finishing to obtain
X[n+1]-X[n]＝K*Y[n+1]+(Y[n+1]-Y[n])
The formula is obtained by integral transformation
X [ n+1] =k Σyn+1 ] +yn+1 ] to effect a digital CR inverse transform;
s4, the step signal is subjected to digital CR conversion to obtain a negative index signal with adjustable width,
the digital solution of the CR transform is as follows: the signal Y n is passed through digital C-R inverse system to obtain signal X n, and the signal X n is passed through digital C-R system to obtain signal Z n
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+X[n+1]-X[n])/(1+K 2 )
The formula X [ n+1] obtained after the inverse transformation of the digital CR is calculated]＝K 1 *ΣY[n+1]+Y[n+1]Substituting the above formula to obtain
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+K 1 (ΣY[n+1]-ΣY[n])+Y[n+1]-Y[n])/(1+K 2 )
Finishing to obtain
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+K 1 *Y[n+1]+Y[n+1]-Y[n])/(1+K 2 )
Further finishing to obtain
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+(1+K 1 )*Y[n+1]-Y[n])/(1+K 2 ) I.e. a digital recursion of the digital PZC system.
2. A system for adjusting pulse width based on a digital PZC system, comprising:
nuclear signal detector: converting the rays into nucleation signals;
PZC circuit: the device is used for adjusting the signal width, inputting the nuclear signal into the PZC circuit and adjusting the width of the output signal;
and the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for: for converting the analog signal output from the PZC after adjustment into a digital signal;
CR inverse system: reducing the digital signal into a step signal through digital CR inverse transformation, wherein a digital model adopted by the CR inverse transformation in the CR inverse system is X [ n+1] =K X sigma Y [ n+1] +Y [ n+1];
CR system: step signals are subjected to digital CR conversion to obtain negative index signals with adjustable width;
the digital model adopted for CR transformation in the CR system is as follows:
Z[n+1]＝(Z[n]+X[n+1]-X[n])/(1+K 2 )。
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