CN111606890A - 含丙烯酰基的核转运调节剂及其用途 - Google Patents
含丙烯酰基的核转运调节剂及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111606890A CN111606890A CN201910144005.4A CN201910144005A CN111606890A CN 111606890 A CN111606890 A CN 111606890A CN 201910144005 A CN201910144005 A CN 201910144005A CN 111606890 A CN111606890 A CN 111606890A
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- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
- A61K31/4523—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/454—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pimozide, domperidone
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Abstract
本发明涉及一类新型含丙烯酰基的化合物及其制备方法和用途。具体地,本发明涉及一类式(1)所示的含丙烯酰基的化合物及其制备方法,以及式(1)化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备治疗、调节和/或预防与CRM1相关的生理学病况相关的疾病药物中的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物学、药物化学和药理学领域,更具体而言,涉及一类含丙烯 酰胺的CRM1蛋白调节剂,及其制备方法和该类化合物的应用。
背景技术
细胞的正常功能依赖于细胞内特定功能蛋白的正确定位,蛋白的核内外转运 在维持细胞稳定平衡中发挥了重要的作用。生物体的一些特异性蛋白通过特定的 转运蛋白运入或输出细胞核,这些转运蛋白分为输入蛋白和输出蛋白。蛋白的核 输出依赖于核输出蛋白(Exportin 1)又叫染色体区域稳定蛋白1(Chromosome region maintenance 1,CRM1,又叫XPO1),其介导200多种蛋白核输出,大多 数为肿瘤抑制蛋白、细胞周期调节蛋白及凋亡相关蛋白,例如P53、P21、Rb1、 APC、BCR-ABL、FOXO、cyclinb1、survinvin等,在生理条件下,在没有DNA损 伤或其他致癌应激时,这些蛋白的核输出避免了自身的过度激活。然而在肿瘤细 胞中,过度核输出这一行为则促进了肿瘤的发生[Current Medicinal Chemistry,2008,15(26):2648-2655]。
有大量的研究表明,CRM1蛋白在多种肿瘤类型如乳腺癌[Cancer,2008, 112(8):1733-1743]、宫颈癌[Internation Journl of Cancer,2009,124(8): 1829-1840]、胃癌[Medical Oncology,2013,30(4):726]、骨肉瘤[Oncology Reports,2009,21(1):229-235]、神经胶质瘤[Neurosurgery,2009,65(1): 153-160]、肺癌[British Journal ofCancer(2014)111,281–291]、胰腺癌 [Gastroenterology,2013,144(2):447-456]、肝癌[Cancer Chemother Pharmacol,2014,74(3):487-495]、肾癌[Journal of Urology,2013,189(6): 2317-2326]、食管癌[Oncology Report,2014,32(2):730-738]、淋巴瘤[Blood,2012,120(23):4621-4634]、多发性骨髓瘤[Leukemia,2014,28(1):155-165]、 白血病[Blood,2013,121(20):4166-4174]中均呈高表达,并且这种高表达与 这些肿瘤的不良预后结果相关。CRM1的过表达使得肿瘤抑制蛋白被运送到细胞 质并被降解,失去了肿瘤抑制功能,被认为是肿瘤细胞逃避凋亡的一直机制 [Biochemical Pharmacology,2012,83(8):1021-1032;Seminars in Cancer Biology,2014,27:74-86]。此外,研究发现核转运相关基因与KRAS突变引起 的肿瘤有关,KRAS突变细胞株对CRM1抑制剂(KPT-185和KPT-330)敏感,但是无KRAS突变的肺癌对CRM1抑制剂不敏感。对CRM1抑制剂敏感肿瘤的基因分析显 示,KRAS突变的肺癌中CRM1核输出蛋白受体与NF-κB表达有关 [Nature,2016,538:114-117]。
除了肿瘤抑制蛋白之外,CRM1还输出许多涉及炎症与免疫相关的若干关键 蛋白,包括IκB、NF-κB、Cox-2、RXRα、Commd1、HIF1、HMGB1、FOXO、FOXP 等。IκB是NF-κB的蛋白抑制剂,在细胞核中结合NF-κB使得其转录功能失 活,从而调节这一与炎症及免疫过程密切相关的信号通路。在炎症或免疫失调过 程中,CRM1的过量表达使得IκB在细胞质中被降解而失去了对NF-κB的调节 作用[Journanl of Biological Chemistry,1999,274(13):9108-9115;Shock, 2008,29(2):160-166]。CRM1介导的核输出在NF-κB、HIF-1和RXRα信号传导中的作用提示,阻断核输出可在多个组织和器官间的许多炎性过程中可能有益, 包括脉管炎、动脉炎、动脉粥样硬化、皮炎、牛皮藓、类风湿性关节炎、系统性 红斑狼疮、脊椎关节病和硬皮病等。
除了上述病理过程外,CRM1介导的细胞核输出也与许多病毒完整和成熟 所需要的,例如:人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、流感病毒(H1N1病毒株)、乙型肝 炎病毒(HBV)和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、人乳头啦病毒(HPV)、呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV)、登革热病毒(Dungee)、重度急性呼吸器官综合症冠状病毒、西尼罗 河病毒、单纯性疱疹病毒(HSV)、巨细胞病毒(MCV)等[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2002,99(22):14440-14445;Journal of Virology,2008,82(21):10946-10952;Journal of Biological Chemistry,2009,284(23):15589-15597;Journal of Virology,2009,83(11): 5353-5362]。这些病毒中,许多与特定类型的人类癌症相关,包括由于长期 HBV或HCV感染引起的肝细胞癌(HCC),由于HPV感染引起的子宫颈癌。CRM1抑 制剂因此可以对病毒感染过程以及这些病毒的肿瘤转化过程均具有有益的 效果。
大多数CRM1抑制剂研究利用了天然产物CRM1抑制剂Leptomycin B(LMB), LMB本身对肿瘤细胞具有很强活性,且动物耐受性差。LMB由于毒性过大,致使 临床Ⅰ期试验终止[Trends in Cell Biology,2007,17(4):193-201]。根据 CRM1核输出信号(NES)的疏水口袋结构,利用分子对接技术,设计一系列目标 化合物,并评价它们的抗肿瘤活性。通过这种方法,Karyopharm Therapeutic 公司发现了几种特定顺反异构的、水溶性的、可逆的CRM1抑制剂[WO2012099807;WO2013019548;WO2013019561;WO2013170068],其代表性化合物KPT-185、 KPT-276、KPT-335、KPT-330(Selinexor)和KPT-251结构如下:
和早期研制的KPT-185和KPT-276相比,KPT-330在药物代谢动力学、药物 效应动力学、口服生物利用度和安全性等方面更具有优势。KPT-330目前已经开 展治疗急性髓系白血病、多发性骨髓瘤、弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)、恶性 胶质瘤、妇科恶性肿瘤、前列腺癌和头颈部鳞状细胞癌等癌症的临床试验。
KPT-330仍然存在易穿过血脑屏障,代谢性质较差和毒副作用较强的缺点。 本发明的目的就是提供一种水溶性改善的、代谢性质更优、体内活性更强和安全 性更好的新型CRM1抑制剂化合物,以克服该类化合物目前普遍存在的严重缺陷, 开发出新一代候选药物。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一类结构通式如式(1)所示的化合物,或其光学异构体、药 学上可接受的无机或有机盐。
式(1)中:
X选自-NH-或化学键;
当X是-NH-时,R为-NR1COR2,其中R1和R2以及它们相连的酰胺一起形成4-7 元饱和、不饱和或部分饱和的杂环,该杂环可以被1-2个选自卤素、CN、CF3、CH2CF3、CH2CN、OCF3、OCH2CF3、OH、R3、OR3或NR3R3’的基团取代;其中R3和R3’ 单独选自H、取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基、取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基;或
R1和R2和它们相连的酰胺一起形成5-7元非芳香杂环并5-6元芳香杂环的并 环结构片段、5-7元非芳香杂环并3-6元非芳香杂环的并环结构片段、5-7元非 芳香杂环和3-6元非芳香杂环形成的螺环片段、5-7元非芳香杂环和3-6元非芳 香杂环形成的桥环片段,上述并环、螺环或桥环片段可以被1-2个选自卤素、CN、 CF3、OCF3、OCH2CF3、OH、R3或OR3的基团取代;其中R3是取代或未取代的C1-C3 烷基,取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基;
当X是化学键时,R为-NR4NR5COR6,其中R5选自H、取代或未被取代的C1-C3 烷基、取代或未被取代的C3-C6环烷基、C1-C3烷基-烷氧基、C1-C3烷基-环烷 基、取代或未被取代的5-7元杂芳基、取代或未被取代的5-7元非芳香杂环基。 R4和R6以及他们相连的酰肼一起形成5-7元非芳香杂环,该非芳香杂环可以被 1-2个选自卤素、CN、OH、R3或OR3的基团取代;其中R3是取代或未取代的C1-C3 烷基,取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基;或
当X为化学键时,R为如下结构片段:
其中,n表示1或2;
Y表示化学键、-CH2-、-CH2CH2 -、-CO-、-SO2-、-SO-、-CON(R8)-、-SO2N(R8)-、 -COCON(R8)-,R8表示H、取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基,取代或未取代的C3-C6环 烷基;
R7选自H、取代或未被取代的C1-C3烷基、取代或未被取代的C1-C3烷氧基、 取代或未被取代的C3-C6环烷基、取代或未被取代的5-7元杂芳基、取代或未被 取代的5-7元非芳香杂环基。
在一优选例中,通式(1)化合物如结构式(1A)所示:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R1和R2以及它们相连的酰胺一起形成4-7元饱和、不饱和或部分饱和的杂环, 该杂环可以被1-2个选自卤素、CN、CF3、CH2CF3、CH2CN、OCF3、OCH2CF3、OH、R3、 OR3或NR3R3’的基团取代;其中R3和R3’单独选自H、取代或未取代的C1-C3烷 基、取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基;或
R1和R2和它们相连的酰胺一起形成5-7元非芳香杂环并5-6元芳香杂环的并 环结构片段、5-7元非芳香杂环并3-6元非芳香杂环的并环结构片段、5-7元非 芳香杂环和3-6元非芳香杂环形成的螺环片段、5-7元非芳香杂环和3-6元非芳 香杂环形成的桥环片段,上述并环、螺环或桥环片段可以被1-2个选自卤素、CN、 CF3、OCF3、OCH2CF3、OH、R3或OR3;其中R3是取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基,取代 或未取代的C3-C6环烷基。
在另一优选例中,通式(1)化合物如结构式(1B)所示:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R5选自H、取代或未被取代的C1-C3烷基、取代或未被取代的C3-C6环烷基、 C1-C3烷基-烷氧基、C1-C3烷基-环烷基、取代或未被取代的5-7元杂芳基、取 代或未被取代的5-7元非芳香杂环基;R4和R6以及他们相连的酰肼一起形成5-7 元非芳香杂环,该非芳香杂环可以被1-2个选自卤素、CN、OH、R3或OR3的基团 取代;其中R3是取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基,取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基。
在另一优选例中,通式(1)化合物如结构式(1C)所示:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
n表示1或2;
Y表示化学键、-CH2-、-CH2CH2 -、-CO-、-SO2-、-SO-、-CON(R8)-、-SO2N(R8)-、 -COCON(R8)-,R8表示H、取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基,取代或未取代的C3-C6环 烷基;
R7选自H、取代或未被取代的C1-C3烷基、取代或未被取代的C1-C3烷氧基、 取代或未被取代的C3-C6环烷基、取代或未被取代的5-7元杂芳基、取代或未被 取代的5-7元非芳香杂环基。
在另一优选例中,通式(1A)化合物如结构式(1AA)所示:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
m表示0、1、2或3;
Ra、Rb、Rc和Rd独立地选自H、卤素、CN、CF3、OCF3、OCH2CF3、OH、NMe2、R3或OR3的基团取代;其中R3是C1-C3烷基或者C3-C6环烷基;或
Ra和Rb和它们相连C原子形成C3-C6环烷基或者3-6元非芳香杂环;或
Rc和Rd和它们相连C原子形成C3-C6环烷基或者3-6元非芳香杂环;或Ra(或
Rb)和Rc(或Rd)和它们相连C-C键形成C3-C6环烷基或者3-6元非芳香杂环;
上述3-6元非芳香杂环形可以被1-2个选自卤素、CN、OH、R3或OR3的基团
取代;其中R3是取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基,取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基。
在另一优选例中,通式(1A)化合物如结构式(1AB)所示:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
n表示1或2;
Re和Rf独立地选自H、OH、OCH2CF3、R3或OR3;其中R3是取代或未取代的C1-C3 烷基、取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基。
在另一优选例中,通式(1A)化合物如结构式(1AC)所示:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
M表示-O-、-S-、-NR3-或-CONR3-,其中R3是C1-C3烷基或者C3-C6环烷基;
Rg、Rh、Ri和Rj独立地选自H、R3或OR3;其中R3是取代或未取代的C1-C3烷 基、取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基;或
Rg和Rh一起表示-CO-基团,或Rg和Rh和它们相连C原子形成C3-C6环烷基; 或
Ri和Rj一起表示-CO-基团,或Ri和Rj和它们相连C原子形成C3-C6环烷基。
在另一优选例中,通式(1B)化合物如结构式(1BA)所示:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
n表示1或2;
Q表示-CH2-或-CO-;
R9选自H、C1-C3烷基、氘代C1-C3烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C3烷基-胺基、 C1-C3烷基-烷氧基、C1-C3烷基-环烷基、5-7元杂芳基、5-7元非芳香杂环基。
在另一优先例中,通式(1)化合物选自表1中的化合物。
表1:本发明化合物列表:
本发明的另一个目的是提供了一种药物组合物,它含有药理上可接受的赋形 剂或载体,以及本发明的式(1)化合物、或其各光学异构体、药学上可接受的 无机或有机盐做为活性成分。
本发明的再一个目的提供了本发明的上述化合物、或其各光学异构体、药学 上可接受的无机或有机盐用于制备治疗XPO1抑制剂相关的疾病、特别是抗肿瘤 药物中的应用。
应理解,本发明的前述一般性描述和以下详细描述都是示例性和说明性的, 旨在提供对所要求保护的本发明的进一步说明。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例技术描 述所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发 明的一些实施例。
图1是化合物对BxPC-3移植瘤的生长抑制作用的测试结果图。
图2是化合物对BxPC-3移植瘤模型小鼠体重的影响的测试结果图。
化合物的合成
下面具体地描述本发明通式(1)结构化合物的制备方法,但这些具体方法不 对本发明构成任何限制。
以上说明的式(1)化合物可使用标准的合成技术或公知的技术与文中结合的 方法来合成。此外,在此提到的溶剂,温度和其他反应条件可以改变。用于式(1) 化合物的合成的起始物料可以由合成或从商业来源上获得,如,但不限于 Aldrich Chemical Co.(Milwaukee,Wis.)或Sigma Chemical Co.(St.Louis, Mo.)。本文所述的化合物和其他具有不同取代基的有关化合物可使用公知的技术 和原料来合成,包括发现于March,ADVANCED ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 4th Ed.,(Wiley 1992);Carey和Sundberg,ADVANCEDORGANIC CHEMISTRY 4th Ed.,Vols.A和B(Plenum 2000, 2001),Green和Wuts,PROTECTIVEGROUPS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS 3rd Ed.,(Wiley 1999) 中的方法。化合物制备的一般方法可通过使用适当的试剂和在此提供的分子式中 引入不同基团的条件来改变。
一方面,本文所述的化合物根据工艺中公知的方法。然而方法的条件,例如 反应物、溶剂、碱、所用化合物的量、反应温度、反应所需时间等不限于下面的 解释。本发明化合物还可以任选将在本说明书中描述的或本领域已知的各种合成 方法组合起来而方便的制得,这样的组合可由本发明所属领域的技术人员容易的 进行。一方面,本发明还提供了一种所述的通式(1)所示化合物的制备方法,其 采用下列方法A、方法B、或方法C制备:
方法A包含下列步骤:化合物I-1和1-2为原料,在缩合剂和碱存在下进行 缩合反应,得到通式(1A)化合物。
上述反应方程式中,R1和R2的定义如前所述。
方法B包含下列步骤:化合物I-1和II-1为原料,在缩合剂和碱存在下进 行缩合反应,得到通式(1B)化合物。
上述反应方程式中,R4、R5和R6的定义如前所述。
方法C包含下列步骤:化合物I-1和III-1为原料,在缩合剂和碱存在下进 行缩合反应,得到通式(1C)化合物。
上述反应方程式中,n、Y和R7的定义如前所述。
化合物的进一步形式
在某个具体实施例中,式(1)化合物按照药学上可接受的酸加成盐(一种药学 上可接受的盐)来制备,通过化合物的自由碱形式与药学上可接受的无机、有机 酸或酸性氨基酸反应,包括但不限于无机酸,如盐酸、氢溴酸、氢氟酸、硫酸、 硝酸、磷酸等;有机酸如甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、草酸、三氟乙酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、 富马酸、马来酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苦味酸、甲磺酸、对甲基苯 磺酸、乙磺酸和苯磺酸;酸性氨基酸如天冬氨酸和谷氨酸。
“药学上可接受”这里指一种物质,如载体或稀释液,不会使化合物的生物 活性或性质消失,且相对无毒,如,给予个体某物质,不会引起不想要的生物影 响或以有害的方式与任何其含有的组分相互作用。
术语“药学上可接受的盐”指一种化合物的存在形式,该形式不会引起对给 药有机体的重要的刺激,且不会使化合物的生物活性和性质消失。在某些具体方 面,药学上可接受的盐是通过式(1)化合物与酸反应获得,如盐酸、氢溴酸、氢 氟酸、硫酸、磷酸、硝酸、磷酸等无机酸,甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、草酸、三氟乙酸、 丙二酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、马来酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苦味酸、 甲磺酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸等有机酸以及天冬氨酸、谷氨酸等酸性氨基酸。
应理解药学上可接受的盐的参考包括溶剂添加形式或结晶形式,尤其是溶剂 化物或多晶型。溶剂化物含有化学计量或非化学计量的溶剂,且是在与药学上可 接受溶剂如水,乙醇等,结晶化过程中选择性形成的。当溶剂是水时形成水合物, 或当溶剂是乙醇时形成醇化物。式(1)化合物的溶剂化物按照本文所述的方法, 很方便的制得或形成。举例说明,式(1)化合物的水合物从水/有机溶剂的混合溶 剂中重结晶而方便的制得,使用的有机溶剂包括但不限于,二氧杂环乙烷,四氢 呋喃,乙醇或甲醇。此外,在此提到的化合物能够以非溶剂化和溶剂化形式存在。 总之,对于在此提供的化合物和方法为目的,溶剂化形式被认为相当于非溶剂化 形式。
在其他具体实施例中,式(1)化合物被制备成不同的形式,包括但不限于, 无定形,粉碎形和毫微-粒度形式。此外,式(1)化合物包括结晶型,也可以作为 多晶型。多晶型包括化合物的相同元素组成的不同晶格排列。多晶型通常有不同 的X-射线衍射图,红外光谱,熔点,密度,硬度,晶型,光和电的性质,稳定 性和溶解性。不同的因素如重结晶溶剂,结晶速率和贮存温度可能引起单一晶型 为主导。
在另一个方面,式(1)化合物有一个或多个立体中心,并因此以消旋体、外 消旋混合物、单一对映体、非对映异构体化合物和单一非对映体的形式出现。可 以存在的不对称中心,取决于分子上各种取代基的性质。每个这种不对称中心将 独立地产生两个旋光异构体,并且所有可能的旋光异构体和非对映体混合物以及 纯或部分纯的化合物包括在本发明的范围之内。本发明意味着包括这些化合物的 所有这种异构形式。
术语
如果无另外说明,用于本发明申请,包括说明书和权利要求书中的术语,定 义如下。必须注意,在说明书和所附的权利要求书中,如果文中无另外清楚指示, 单数形式“一个”包括复数意义。如果无另外说明,使用质谱、核磁、HPLC、蛋 白化学、生物化学、重组DNA技术和药理的常规方法。在本申请中,如果无另外 说明,使用“或”或“和”指“和/或”。
“式(1)化合物”指结构式为(1)的化合物。
“烷基”指饱和的脂肪烃基团,包括1至6个碳原子的直链和支链基团。优 选含有1至4个碳原子的低级烷基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、2-丙基、正丁基、 异丁基、叔丁基。如本文所用,“烷基”包括未取代和取代的烷基,尤其是被一 个或多个卤素所取代的烷基。优选的烷基选自CH3,CH3CH2,CF3,CHF2,CF3CH2, iPr,nPr,iBu,cPr,nBu或tBu。
“环烷基”指3至6元全碳单环脂肪烃基团,其中一个或多个环可以含有一 个或多个双键,但没有一个环具有完全共轭的π电子系统。例如,环丙基、环丁 基、环戊基、环己烷、环己二烯等。
“烷氧基”指通过醚氧原子键合到分子其余部分的烷基。代表性的烷氧基为 具有1-6个碳原子的烷氧基,如甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、丁氧基、 异丁氧基、仲丁氧基和叔丁氧基。如本文所用,“烷氧基”包括未取代和取代的 烷氧基,尤其是被一个或多个卤素所取代的烷氧基。优选的烷氧基选自OCH3,OCF3, CHF2O,CF3CH2O,iPrO,nPrO,iBuO,cPrO,nBuO或tBuO。
“芳基”指具有至少一个芳环结构的基团,即具有共轭的π电子系统的碳环 芳基,如苯环和萘环。
“杂芳基”指含有一个或多个杂原子(O,S或N)的芳香基团,杂芳基是单环 或多环的,例如单环杂芳基环与一个或多个碳环芳香基团或其它单环杂环基基团 稠和。杂芳基的例子包括但不限于,吡啶基、哒嗪基、咪唑基、嘧啶基、吡唑基、 三唑基、吡嗪基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、四唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、异噁唑基、噻 唑基、噁唑基、异噻唑基、吡咯基、吲哚基、苯并咪唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻 唑基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噁唑基、苯并吡啶基和吡咯并嘧啶基。
“烯基”指具有2至12个碳原子并具有至少一个碳-碳双键的饱和直链或支 链非环状烃。
“卤素”指氟、氯、溴或碘。
“氧代”是指“=O”。
“氘代”是指取代基上的H原子部分或全部被D取代。
术语“键”或“单键”指两个原子间或两个片断间(当通过键来连接的原子 被认为是大结构的一部分时)的化学键。一方面,当本文所述的基团是一个键时, 缺少参考基团,允许在剩余的确定基团间形成一个键。
术语“元环”包括任何环状结构。术语“元”意为表示构成环的骨架原子的 数量。这样,如,环己基、吡啶基、吡喃基、噻喃基是六元环,环戊基、吡咯基、 呋喃基和噻吩基是五元环。
术语“片断”指分子的具体部分或官能团。化学片断通常被认为是包含在或 附在分子中的化学实体。
特定药学及医学术语
术语“可接受的”,如本文所用,指一个处方组分或活性成分对一般治疗目 标的健康没有过分的有害影响。
术语“治疗”、“治疗过程”或“疗法”如本文所用,包括缓和、抑制或改 善疾病的症状或状况;抑制并发症的产生;改善或预防潜在代谢综合症;抑制疾 病或症状的产生,如控制疾病或情况的发展;减轻疾病或症状;使疾病或症状减 退;减轻由疾病或症状引起的并发症,或预防或治疗由疾病或症状引起的征兆。 如本文所用,某一化合物或药物组合物,给药后,可以使某一疾病、症状或情况 得到改善,尤指其严重度得到改善,延迟发病,减缓病情进展,或减少病情持续 时间。无论固定给药或临时给药、持续给药或断续给药,可以归因于或与给药有 关的情况。
“活性成分”指通式(1)所示化合物,以及通式(1)化合物的药学上可接 受的无机或有机盐。本发明的化合物可以含有一个或多个不对称中心,并因此以 消旋体、外消旋混合物、单一对映体、非对映异构体化合物和单一非对映体的形 式出现。可以存在的不对称中心,取决于分子上各种取代基的性质。每个这种不 对称中心将独立地产生两个旋光异构体,并且所有可能的旋光异构体和非对映体 混合物以及纯或部分纯的化合物包括在本发明的范围之内。本发明意味着包括这 些化合物的所有这种异构形式。
通式(1)所示化合物是顺式丙烯酰胺,为了方便起见,本申请中通式(1) 化合物简称为丙烯酰胺。
另外,根据需要,可以将本发明的化合物在极性质子性溶剂中,如甲醇、乙 醇、异丙醇,和药学上可以接受的酸反应生成药学上可接受的盐制备得到。所述 的药学上可接受的无机或有机酸可为:盐酸、氢溴酸、氢氟酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷 酸、甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、马来酸、乳酸、苹果 酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苦味酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、对甲基苯磺酸、天冬氨酸或者 谷氨酸等。
“化合物(compound)”、“组合物(composition)”、“药剂(agent)”或“医药 品(medicine or medicament)”等词在此可交替使用,且都是指当施用于一个体 (人类或动物)时,能够透过局部和/或全身性作用而诱发所亟求的药学和/或生 理反应的一种化合物或组合物。
“施用(administered、administering或、administration)”一词在此是指 直接施用所述的化合物或组合物,或施用活性化合物的前驱药(prodrug)、衍生 物(derivative)、或类似物(analog)等,而可在施用个体体内形成该活性化合物 的一相当用量者。
本文中交替使用“个体(subject)”或“患者(patient)”等词,其是指可接 受所述化合物和/或方法治疗的动物(包括人类)。“个体”或“患者”在此涵盖了 雄性与雌性两种性别,除非另有具体说明。因此“个体”或“患者”包含任何哺 乳类动物,包括,但不限于,人类、非人类的灵长类,如哺乳动物、狗、猫、马、 羊、猪、牛等,其可因利用所述化合物进行治疗而获益。适合接受本发明化合物 和/或方法治疗的动物较佳为人类。一般来说,“患者”一词及“个体”一词在本 文中可彼此交替使用。
虽然用以界定本发明较广范围的数值范围与参数皆是约略的数值,此处已尽 可能精确地呈现具体实施例中的相关数值。然而,任何数值本质上不可避免地含 有因个别测试方法所致的标准偏差。在此处,“约”通常是指实际数值在一特定 数值或范围的正负10%、5%、1%或0.5%之内。或者是,“约”一词代表实际数值 落在平均值的可接受标准误差之内,视本领域技术人员的考虑而定。除了实验例 之外,或除非另有明确的说明,当可理解此处所用的所有范围、数量、数值与百 分比(例如用以描述材料用量、时间长短、温度、操作条件、数量比例及其它相 似者)均经过“约”的修饰。因此,除非另有相反的说明,本说明书与附随权利 要求书所揭示的数值参数皆为约略的数值,且可视需求而更动。至少应将这些数 值参数理解为所指出的有效位数与套用一般进位法所得到的数值。
除非本说明书另有定义,此处所用的科学与技术词汇的含义与本领域技术人 员所理解与惯用的意义相同。此外,在不和上下文冲突的情形下,本说明书所用 的单数名词涵盖该名词的复数型;而所用的复数名词时亦涵盖该名词的单数型。
治疗用途
文中描述的化合物或组合物通常可用于抑制CRM1,因此可用于治疗与CRM1 活性相关的一种或多种病症。因此,在某些实施方式中,本发明提供了用于治疗 CRM1介导的病症的方法,所述方法包括向有需要的患者施用本发明化合物、或 其药学上可接受的组合物的步骤。
术语“CRM1介导的”疾病,在本文中使用时是指已知CRM1在其中发挥作用 的任何疾病或其它有害的病状。因此,本发明的另一中实施方式涉及治疗已知 CRM1在其中发挥作用的一种或多种疾病或减轻其严重程度。在一些实施方式中, 本发明提供了在受试者中治疗与P53、P21、Rb1、APC、c-ABL、FOXO、IκB、NF κB、COX-2或HDAC的表达或活性有关的疾病的方法,所述方法包括向患者施用 治疗有效量的本发明化合物。在另一种实施方式中,本发明涉及治疗选自增值性 疾病(例如癌)、炎性病症、自身免疫病症、病毒感染或神经变性病症的疾病或 病况或减轻其严重程度的方法,其中所述的方法包括向有需要的患者施用本发明 的化合物或组合物。在更具体的实施方式中,本发明涉及治疗癌症或减轻其严 重程度的方法。
可用本发明化合物治疗的癌症包括但不限于,血液恶性肿瘤(白血病、淋巴 瘤、骨髓瘤包括多发性骨髓瘤、骨髓异常增生综合症和骨髓增生姓综合症)和实 体瘤(癌例如前列腺、乳腺、肺、结肠、胰腺、肾、卵巢以及软组织癌和骨肉瘤, 以及间质瘤)。
给药途径
本发明的化合物及其药学上可接受的盐可制成各种制剂,其中包含安全、有 效量范围内的本发明化合物或其药学上可接受的盐及药理上可以接受的赋形剂 或载体。其中“安全、有效量”指的是:化合物的量足以明显改善病情,而不至 于产生严重的副作用。化合物的安全、有效量根据治疗对象的年龄、病情、疗程 等具体情况来确定。
“药学上可以接受的赋形剂或载体”指的是:一种或多种相容性固体或液体 填料或凝胶物质,它们适合于人使用,而且必须有足够的纯度和足够低的毒性。 “相容性”在此指的是组合物中各组份能与本发明的化合物以及它们之间相互 掺和,而不明显降低化合物的药效。药理上可以接受的赋形剂或载体部分例子有 纤维素及其衍生物(如羧甲基纤维素钠、乙基纤维素钠、纤维素乙酸酯等)、明胶、 滑石、固体润滑剂(如硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁)、硫酸钙、植物油(如豆油、芝麻油、 花生油、橄榄油等)、多元醇(如丙二醇、甘油、甘露醇、山梨醇等)、乳化剂(如 )、润湿剂(如十二烷基硫酸钠)、着色剂、调味剂、稳定剂、抗氧化剂、防 腐剂、无热原水等。
施用本发明化合物时,可以口服、直肠、肠胃外(静脉内、肌肉内或皮下)、 局部给药。
用于口服给药的固体剂型包括胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、散剂和颗粒剂。在这些 固体剂型中,活性化合物与至少一种常规惰性赋形剂(或载体)混合,如柠檬酸钠 或磷酸二钙,或与下述成分混合:(a)填料或增容剂,例如,淀粉、乳糖、蔗糖、 葡萄糖、甘露醇和硅酸;(b)粘合剂,例如,羟甲基纤维素、藻酸盐、明胶、聚 乙烯基吡咯烷酮、蔗糖和阿拉伯胶;(c)保湿剂,例如,甘油;(d)崩解剂,例如, 琼脂、碳酸钙、马铃薯淀粉或木薯淀粉、藻酸、某些复合硅酸盐、和碳酸钠;(e) 缓溶剂,例如石蜡;(f)吸收加速剂,例如,季胺化合物;(g)润湿剂,例如鲸蜡 醇和单硬脂酸甘油酯;(h)吸附剂,例如,高岭土;和(i)润滑剂,例如,滑石、 硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、固体聚乙二醇、十二烷基硫酸钠,或其混合物。胶囊剂、 片剂和丸剂中,剂型也可包含缓冲剂。
固体剂型如片剂、糖丸、胶囊剂、丸剂和颗粒剂可采用包衣和壳材制备,如 肠衣和其它本领域公知的材料。它们可包含不透明剂,并且,这种组合物中活性 化合物或化合物的释放可以延迟的方式在消化道内的某一部分中释放。可采用的 包埋组分的实例是聚合物质和蜡类物质。必要时,活性化合物也可与上述赋形剂 中的一种或多种形成微胶囊形式。
用于口服给药的液体剂型包括药学上可接受的乳液、溶液、悬浮液、糖浆或 酊剂。除了活性化合物外,液体剂型可包含本领域中常规采用的惰性稀释剂,如 水或其它溶剂,增溶剂和乳化剂,例知,乙醇、异丙醇、碳酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯、 丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、二甲基甲酰胺以及油,特别是棉籽油、花生油、玉米胚油、 橄榄油、蓖麻油和芝麻油或这些物质的混合物等。
除了这些惰性稀释剂外,组合物也可包含助剂,如润湿剂、乳化剂和悬浮剂、 甜味剂、矫味剂和香料。
除了活性化合物外,悬浮液可包含悬浮剂,例如,乙氧基化异十八烷醇、聚 氧乙烯山梨醇和脱水山梨醇酯、微晶纤维素、甲醇铝和琼脂或这些物质的混合物 等。
用于肠胃外注射的组合物可包含生理上可接受的无菌含水或无水溶液、分散 液、悬浮液或乳液,和用于重新溶解成无菌的可注射溶液或分散液的无菌粉末。 适宜的含水和非水载体、稀释剂、溶剂或赋形剂包括水、乙醇、多元醇及其适宜 的混合物。
用于局部给药的本发明化合物的剂型包括软膏剂、散剂、贴剂、喷射剂和吸 入剂。活性成分在无菌条件下与生理上可接受的载体及任何防腐剂、缓冲剂,或 必要时可能需要的推进剂一起混合。
本发明化合物可以单独给药,或者与其他药学上可接受的化合物联合给药。 使用药物组合物时,是将安全有效量的本发明化合物适用于需要治疗的哺乳动物 (如人),其中施用时剂量为药学上认为的有效给药剂量,对于60kg体重的人而 言,日给药剂量通常为1~1000mg,优选10~500mg。当然,具体剂量还应考 虑给药途径、病人健康状况等因素,这些都是熟练医师技能范围之内的。
本发明提到的上述特征,或实施例提到的特征可以任意组合。本案说明书所 揭示的所有特征可与任何组合物形式并用,说明书中所揭示的各个特征,可以任 何可提供相同、均等或相似目的的替代性特征取代。因此除有特别说明,所揭示 的特征仅为均等或相似特征的一般性例子。
在下面的说明中将会详细阐述上述化合物、方法、药物组合物的各个具体方 面、特性和优势,使本发明的内容变得十分明了。在此应理解,下述的详细说明 及实例描述了具体的实施例,仅用于参考。在阅读了本发明的说明内容后,本领 域的技术人员可对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形势同样落于本申请所限 定的范围。
所有实施例中,1H-NMR用Varian Mercury 400核磁共振仪记录,化学位移 以δ(ppm)表示;分离用硅胶未说明均为200-300目,洗脱液的配比均为体积比。
本发明采用下述缩略词:CDCl3代表氘代氯仿;CD3OD代表氘代甲醇;DABCO 代表1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷;DCM代表二氯甲烷;DIPEA代表二异丙基乙 基胺;DMF代表二甲基甲酰胺;DMSO代表二甲基亚风;EA代表乙酸乙酯;h代表 小时;LiOH代表氢氧化锂;MgCl2代表氯化镁;mins代表分钟;MS代表质谱; NaSH代表硫氢化钠;NMR代表核磁共振;T3P代表丙基磷酸酐;THF代表四氢呋 喃。
具体实施方式
本发明人经过广泛的研究,合成并筛选了大量的化合物,首次发现式(1)化 合物具有很强的抗肿瘤活性,同时具有良好水溶性改善,更优异的药代动力学性 质和体内抗肿瘤活性。本发明人在此基础上完成了本发明。
制备例1(Z)-3-(3-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙烯酸(I-1)的合成
3,5-双(三氟甲基)硫代苯甲酰胺(M2)的合成
3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯甲腈(47.82g,0.2mol)溶于DMF(250mL)中,加入NaSH(22.42g, 2.0eq)和MgCl2(38.08g,2.0eq),室温下搅拌3h,混合物倒入冰-水(2L)中,EA(250mL*3) 萃取,合并有机层,饱和氯化钠水溶液(100mL*2)洗,经过无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤和减压 浓缩后得到粗产物3,5-双(三氟甲基)硫代苯甲酰胺(46.97g,收率86%)。
3-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑(M3)的合成
3,5-双(三氟甲基)硫代苯甲酰胺(46.44g,0.17mol)溶于DMF(250mL)中,逐滴加入水 合肼(16.5mL,2.0eq),加完室温继续搅拌1h,后逐滴加入HCOOH(200mL),加完加热到 90℃反应3h。冷却到室温后,将反应混合物倒入饱和NaHCO3水溶液(1.2L)中,并用EA(300 mL*3)萃取。合并有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(100mL*2)洗涤,经过无水硫酸钠干燥,过 滤和减压浓缩后得到粗产物后,用石油醚(400mL)打浆,过滤干燥后得到目标化合物3- (3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑(34.40g,收率72%)。MS(ESI,m/z):282.1 [M+H]+。
(Z)-3-(3-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙烯酸异丙酯(M4)的合成
3-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑(33.74g,0.12mol)溶于DMF(150mL)中, 加入DABCO(26.92g,2.0eq),室温搅拌30mins,冷却到0℃后,逐滴加入(Z)-3-碘代丙烯酸异丙酯(31.68g,1.1eq),加完室温反应1h。混合物倒入冰-水(1L)中,EA(200mL*3) 萃取,合并有机层,饱和氯化钠水溶液(50mL*2)洗,经过无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤和减压 浓缩后得到粗产物(Z)-3-(3-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙烯酸异 丙酯(28.32g,收率60%)。
(Z)-3-(3-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙烯酸(I-1)的合成
(Z)-3-(3-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙烯酸异丙酯(27.53g,70mmol)溶解在THF中,LiOH溶液(8.4g,5.0eq,溶于水200mL)逐滴加入上述反 应液中,室温继续反应4h,加入冰-水化合物(100mL),并用稀盐酸调节到pH为2-3, EA(200mL*3)萃取,合并有机层,经过无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤和减压浓缩后得到产物(Z)- 3-(3-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙烯酸(23.36g,收率95%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD3OD):δ9.54(s,1H),8.63-8.56(m,2H),8.04(tt,J=1.6,0.9Hz,1H),7.42(d,J=10.6Hz,1H),5.90(d,J=10.6Hz,1H);MS(ESI,m/z): 352.1[M+H]+.
实施例1(Z)-3-(3-(3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-N-(2-氧代氮杂环丁基-1-基)丙烯酰胺(化合物1)的合成
(Z)-3-(3-(3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙烯酸(105mg,0.3mmol) 和1-氨基氮杂环丁基-2-酮(39mg,0.45mmol)溶于干燥EA(10mL)中,氮气保护并冷却到 -60℃,反应体系中那个加入T3P(0.3mL,2M的EA溶液),然后加入DIPEA(77mg,0.6mmol), 并继续搅拌反应3h,加入少许冰水淬灭反应,水洗(20mL),水相用EA(20mL*2)萃取,合 并有机层,饱和氯化钠溶液(20mL)洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后柱层析(DCM/MeOH= 1/100至1/30)纯化,得到产物(Z)-3-(3-(3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1- 基)-N-(2-氧代氮杂环丁基-1-基)丙烯酰胺(15.1mg,收率12%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.70(s,1H),9.39(s,1H),8.56(s,2H),8.28 (s,1H),7.52(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),5.95(d,J=10.6Hz,1H),3.52(t,J=4.4Hz,2H), 2.91(t,J=4.2Hz,2H);MS(ESI,m/z):352.1[M+H]+.
实施例2-89(化合物2-89)的合成
以I-1为原料,和不同的酰肼反应,类似于化合物1的合成,可以得到化合 物2-89。
表2.化合物2-71的质谱和核磁数据
实施例90(Z)-3-(3-(3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-1-(吡唑烷-1-基)丙-2-烯-1-酮(化合物90)的合成
100mL三口瓶中加入吡唑啶二盐酸盐(1.5g,10.34mmol)、DIPEA(6.23 g,48.3mmol)和DMF(72mL),混合液Ar置换后降温至-50℃,后加入化合 物I-1(2.42g,6.9mmol),-50℃下滴加T3P(6.58g,10.34mmol)。滴 毕,混合液-50℃下搅拌12h。TLC(DCM:MeOH=20:1至DCM:MeOH=10: 1)和LC-MS监测。反应完成后体系-50℃下加水(145mL)淬灭,后室温搅拌 30min,过滤,滤饼用水(10mL)洗涤三次,真空干燥得类白色固体化合物90(1.97g,收率:71.6%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD3OD):δ9.18(s,1H),8.60-8.55(m,2H),8.04(s,1H), 7.26(d,J=10.3Hz,1H),6.42(d,J=10.3Hz,1H),4.57(s,1H),3.65-3.55(m,2H), 2.95(t,J=6.6Hz,2H),2.15-2.06(m,2H);MS(ESI,m/z):406.1[M+H]+.
实施例91(Z)-3-(3-(3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-1-(2-甲基吡唑烷-1-基)丙-2-烯-1-酮(化合物91)的合成
10mL单口瓶中加入化合物85(50mg,0.123mmol)、K2CO3(34mg,0.247 mmol)和DMF(5mL),混合液Ar置换后加入MeI(35mg,0.247mmol),混合 液升温至50℃搅拌反应20h。TLC(DCM:MeOH=20:1)和LC-MS监测。反应 完成后体系降至室温加水(10mL)淬灭,EA(10ml)萃取两次,合并有机相浓 缩至干,残留物pre-TLC纯化得白色固体化合物91(31mg,收率:60%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ9.76(s,1H),8.58(s,2H),7.89(s,1H),7.15(d,J =11.0Hz,1H),6.52(d,J=11.0Hz,1H),3.71(m,2H),3.00(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.54 (s,3H),2.24(m,2H);MS(ESI,m/z):420.1[M+H]+.
实施例92-103化合物92-103的合成
以化合物90为原料,和卤代物、酰胺和磺酰胺等在碱性条件下反应,类似 于化合物91的合成,可以得到化合物92-103。
表3.化合物92-103的质谱和核磁数据
实施例104核输出抑制活性测试
使用RevGFP测定的方法评估本发明的化合物抑制CRM1介导的核输出能力。 Rev是一种来自人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV-1)的蛋白并且在其C-末端结构域包含一 种核输出信号(NES)以及在其N-末端结构域办好一种定位信号(NLS)。Rev蛋白的 核输出依赖于经典的NES/CRM1途径。实验开始的前一日,将U20S-RevGFP细胞 接种于透明底、黑色、384孔板上。在一种隔开的384孔板中,在DMEM中连续 地对化合物进行1:2稀释,从40μM开始,并然后转移到这些细胞中。将细胞 核化合物孵育大约1小时,再用3.7%的甲醛固定以及用Heechst33258进行细胞 核染色。测量细胞核中GFP量并且确定每种化合物的IC50值。如果本发明的化合 物的IC50值小于10μM,在上述RevGFP测定中被认为具有活性,而最优的化合 物的IC50值小于1μM。表4中列出化合物在该RevGFP测定中的结果。
实施例105肿瘤细胞抗增殖活性(IC50)测试
把对数生长期的肿瘤(胰腺癌BxPC-3和乳腺癌MDA-MB-231)细胞消化后,吹 打成单细胞悬液,分别接种于96孔培养板;每孔2×104个细胞,每孔加入培养 基100μL,37℃,5%CO2培养箱中培养过夜。待细胞贴壁后,分别加入适当浓 度的受试化合物和阳线对照药物,配置三种不同浓度的样品,以空白组为阴性对 照组,在培养箱中再培养72h。然后,每孔加入20μL质量浓度为5mg/mL的 MTT液,连续培养4h。吸去上清液,每孔加入100μL二甲亚砜,将培养板置于 微孔板振荡器上振荡10min,使结晶物溶解。在570nm波长处用酶标仪测吸光度A值,计算抑制率;按Bliss法计算IC50。
表4.化合物的活性测定结果(A=<1μM,B=1-10μM,C=>10μM,NT=未检测)
由上表数据可知,本发明化合物具有很强的抑制Rev核输出活性,同时 化合物也具有非常强的肿瘤细胞抗增殖活性,如化合物87对BxPC-3细胞和 MDA-MB-231细胞的IC50分别为41nM和21nM,而阳性对照KPT-330分别为 705nM和458nM,活性强20倍左右。
实施例106水溶性测试
取供试化合物两份(每份10-30mg),分别加入水和pH=1.2HCl水溶液中, 在摇床上摇三天,样品在离心机上以10000转/分离心五分钟,取上层清液2mL 于50mL容量瓶中,加水定容到刻度,制成样品溶液;精密称量样品2.5mg于 50mL容量瓶中,加甲醇适量溶解。加水定容到刻度,摇匀得对照样品溶液。将 样品溶液和对照样品溶液,各进样20μL,液相测试。计算如下:
溶解度(mg/mL)=C(对)*25*A(样)/A(对)
C(对):对照样品浓度
A(样):样品溶液液相峰面积
A(对):对照样品溶液液相峰面积
表5.化合物的水溶性
由上表测试结果可知,本发明中化合物均具有较好的水溶性,化合物在纯水 和pH=1.2HCl水溶液中的溶解性好于KPT-330,良好的水溶性可以提高药物 的学代动力学性质,同时有利于药物制剂的制备。
实施例107小鼠体内药代动力学评价
化合物采用灌胃给药,给药剂量均为5mg/kg(0.5%CMC-Na悬浮),每组选 用ICR小鼠9只,雄性,每只小鼠采集3个不连续的时间点,每个时间点有3 只小鼠。采样时间点为给药前、给药后15min、30min、1h、2h、4h、8h、12h 和24h,给药后小鼠在各时间点,由眼眶或心脏采血约80μL。所有全血样品采 集在含EDTA K2的试管中,于4℃离心(1500-1600rmp/min)10min后分离 血浆,保存在-90至-60℃的冰箱,以供样品分析。以液相色谱-串联质谱法 测定血浆中化合物的浓度,根据血浆浓度-时间曲线求出相应的药代动力学参数。
表6.化合物小鼠口服给药(5mg/kg)药代动力学参数
由上表可以看出,化合物均具有良好的口服吸收特性,半衰期(t1/2)、最大 血药浓度(Cmax)和药时曲线下面积(AUC 0-t)等均优于对照药物KPT-330。口服吸收 性质良好在提高药物的药效,减少用药剂量,节省成本等方面都具有重要的意义。
实施例108小鼠体内抗肿瘤活性评价
人胰腺癌BxPC-3细胞用含10%胎牛血清的1640于37℃、5%CO2培养箱中 常规培养,传代后,待细胞达到所需量时,消化收集细胞。将8×106个BxPc-3 人肺癌细胞注射入每只裸小鼠左侧腋下,待肿瘤生长至65mm3后,将动物随机 分组开始给药。从40只预先接种BxPC-3裸小鼠中选择肿瘤生长较一致的30只 裸小鼠随机分成5组,分别为1)溶剂对照组,6只;2)KPT-330(简称330)、 实施例38(化合物38)、实施例79(化合物79)和实施例62(化合物62)组, 每组6只。溶剂对照组每周三次(星期一,三,五)灌胃5%DMSO+45%PEG400+50% 水的溶剂;KPT-330、实施例38和实施例62组每周三次(星期一,三,五)灌胃 1mg/mL的化合物溶液0.1mL/10g(10mg/kg,tiw)。实施例79每天灌胃0.25 mg/mL的化合物溶液0.1mL/10g(2.5mg/kg,qd)。每两天测定肿瘤体积,于 给药第21天处死裸小鼠,称体重,测定瘤块体积,计算相对肿瘤体积(RTV)、 相对肿瘤增值率(T/C)和肿瘤生长抑制率,做统计学检测。试验结果见下表7, 图1和图2。
与对照相比*:P<0.05;D1:分笼给药时间。RTV:相对肿瘤体积,计算公式为:RTV=Vt /V0。T/C(%)=TRTV/CRTV X 100。TRTV:为治疗组RTV;CRTV:为阴性对照组RTV。TGI(%): 肿瘤生长抑制率(%)。疗效评价标准:T/C(%)>60为无效;T/C(%)≤60,并经统计学 处理P<0.05为有效.
从表7,图1和图2的结果可以看出,实施例化合物具有很强的体内抗肿瘤 活性,实施例79剂量2.5mg/kg比对照药物KPT-330剂量在10mg/kg具有更强 的体内抗肿瘤活性;实施例38在相同剂量下显示比对照药KPT-330更强的体内 抗肿瘤活性,且小鼠体重大幅增长,显示实施例38比对照药KPT-330具有更好 的活性和安全性。
Claims (14)
1.一种结构如通式(1)所示的化合物或其各光学异构体、各晶型、药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂合物:
式(1)中:
X选自-NH-或化学键;
当X是-NH-时,R为-NR1COR2,其中R1和R2以及它们相连的酰胺一起形成4-7元饱和、不饱和或部分饱和的杂环,该杂环可以被1-2个选自卤素、CN、CF3、CH2CF3、CH2CN、OCF3、OCH2CF3、OH、R3、OR3或NR3R3’的基团取代;其中R3和R3’单独选自H、取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基、取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基;或
R1和R2和它们相连的酰胺一起形成5-7元非芳香杂环并5-6元芳香杂环的并环结构片段、5-7元非芳香杂环并3-6元非芳香杂环的并环结构片段、5-7元非芳香杂环和3-6元非芳香杂环形成的螺环片段、5-7元非芳香杂环和3-6元非芳香杂环形成的桥环片段,上述并环、螺环或桥环片段可以被1-2个选自卤素、CN、CF3、OCF3、OCH2CF3、OH、R3或OR3的基团取代;其中R3是取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基,取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基;
当X是化学键时,R为-NR4NR5COR6,其中R5选自H、取代或未被取代的C1-C3烷基、取代或未被取代的C3-C6环烷基、C1-C3烷基-烷氧基、C1-C3烷基-环烷基、取代或未被取代的5-7元杂芳基、取代或未被取代的5-7元非芳香杂环基;其中R4和R6以及他们相连的酰肼一起形成5-7元非芳香杂环,该非芳香杂环可以被1-2个选自卤素、CN、OH、R3或OR3的基团取代;其中R3是取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基,取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基;或
当X为化学键时,R为如下结构片段:
其中,n表示1或2;
Y表示化学键、-CH2-、-CH2CH2 -、-CO-、-SO2-、-SO-、-CON(R8)-、-SO2N(R8)-、-COCON(R8)-,R8表示H、取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基,取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基;
R7选自H、取代或未被取代的C1-C3烷基、取代或未被取代的C1-C3烷氧基、取代或未被取代的C3-C6环烷基、取代或未被取代的5-7元杂芳基、取代或未被取代的5-7元非芳香杂环基。
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其中该化合物是由结构式(1A)所代表:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
R1和R2以及它们相连的酰胺一起形成4-7元饱和、不饱和或部分饱和的杂环,该杂环可以被1-2个选自卤素、CN、CF3、CH2CF3、CH2CN、OCF3、OCH2CF3、OH、R3、OR3或NR3R3’的基团取代;其中R3和R3’单独选自H、取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基、取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基;或
R1和R2和它们相连的酰胺一起形成5-7元非芳香杂环并5-6元芳香杂环的并环结构片段、5-7元非芳香杂环并3-6元非芳香杂环的并环结构片段、5-7元非芳香杂环和3-6元非芳香杂环形成的螺环片段、5-7元非芳香杂环和3-6元非芳香杂环形成的桥环片段,上述并环、螺环或桥环片段可以被1-2个选自卤素、CN、CF3、OCF3、OCH2CF3、OH、R3或OR3;其中R3是取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基,取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基。
5.如权利要求2所述的化合物,其中该化合物是由结构式(1AA)所代表:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
m表示0、1、2或3;
Ra、Rb、Rc和Rd独立地选自H、卤素、CN、CF3、OCF3、OCH2CF3、OH、NMe2、R3或OR3的基团取代;其中R3是C1-C3烷基或者C3-C6环烷基;或
Ra和Rb和它们相连C原子形成C3-C6环烷基或者3-6元非芳香杂环;或
Rc和Rd和它们相连C原子形成C3-C6环烷基或者3-6元非芳香杂环;或Ra(或Rb)和Rc(或Rd)和它们相连C-C键形成C3-C6环烷基或者3-6元非芳香杂环;
上述3-6元非芳香杂环形可以被1-2个选自卤素、CN、OH、R3或OR3的基团取代;其中R3是取代或未取代的C1-C3烷基,取代或未取代的C3-C6环烷基。
10.如权利要求1-9任一项所述的化合物,其特征在于,所述药学上可接受的盐包括:通式(1)所示的化合物与酸形成的盐;其中,酸包括无机酸、有机酸和酸性氨基酸;所述无机酸选自盐酸、氢溴酸、氢氟酸、硫酸、硝酸或磷酸;所述有机酸选自甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、草酸、三氟乙酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、马来酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苦味酸、甲磺酸、对甲基苯磺酸、乙磺酸或苯磺酸;所述酸性氨基酸选自天冬氨酸或谷氨酸。
11.一种用于治疗、调节和/或预防与CRM1相关的生理学病况相关的疾病的药物组合物,其特征在于,它含有药学上可接受的赋形剂或载体,以及作为活性成分的权利要求1-10任一项所述的化合物、或其各光学异构体、药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂合物。
12.如权利要求11所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述的组合物为口服剂型。
13.一种权利要求1-10任一项所述的化合物、或其各光学异构体、各晶型、药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂合物的用途,其特征在于,用于制备治疗、调节和/或预防与CRM1相关的生理学病况相关的疾病的药物组合物。
14.一种权利要求1-10任一项所述的化合物、或其各光学异构体、各晶型、药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂合物的用途,其特征在于,用于制备治疗、调节和/或预防与CRM1相关的生理学病况相关的疾病的药物。
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- 2019-02-26 CN CN201910144005.4A patent/CN111606890A/zh active Pending
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2020
- 2020-02-25 WO PCT/CN2020/076525 patent/WO2020173417A1/zh unknown
- 2020-02-25 EP EP20763785.1A patent/EP3932915A4/en active Pending
- 2020-02-25 KR KR1020217021909A patent/KR20210134306A/ko unknown
- 2020-02-25 JP JP2021550008A patent/JP7531506B2/ja active Active
- 2020-02-25 CA CA3128917A patent/CA3128917A1/en active Pending
- 2020-02-25 CN CN202080003186.XA patent/CN112243437B/zh active Active
- 2020-02-25 AU AU2020229920A patent/AU2020229920A1/en active Pending
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022126826A1 (zh) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-06-23 | 佛山奕安赛医药科技有限公司 | 塞利尼索及其中间体的制备方法 |
WO2022143779A1 (zh) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-07-07 | 南京明德新药研发有限公司 | 含烯基类化合物及其应用 |
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CN112243437B (zh) | 2023-12-26 |
JP7531506B2 (ja) | 2024-08-09 |
JP2022523385A (ja) | 2022-04-22 |
EP3932915A4 (en) | 2022-11-09 |
US20210053945A1 (en) | 2021-02-25 |
EP3932915A1 (en) | 2022-01-05 |
WO2020173417A1 (zh) | 2020-09-03 |
AU2020229920A1 (en) | 2021-08-26 |
US11286247B2 (en) | 2022-03-29 |
CA3128917A1 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
MX2021009045A (es) | 2021-09-10 |
BR112021013348A2 (pt) | 2021-09-14 |
CN112243437A (zh) | 2021-01-19 |
KR20210134306A (ko) | 2021-11-09 |
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