CN111318724B - Turning repair equipment and method for wheel - Google Patents
Turning repair equipment and method for wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111318724B CN111318724B CN201811525180.XA CN201811525180A CN111318724B CN 111318724 B CN111318724 B CN 111318724B CN 201811525180 A CN201811525180 A CN 201811525180A CN 111318724 B CN111318724 B CN 111318724B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
- B23B5/28—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning wheels or wheel sets or cranks thereon, i.e. wheel lathes
- B23B5/32—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning wheels or wheel sets or cranks thereon, i.e. wheel lathes for reconditioning wheel sets without removing same from the vehicle; Underfloor wheel lathes for railway vehicles
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of rail vehicle maintenance, in particular to a wheel turning device and a method thereof. The wheel turning device comprises a tool rest, a driving wheel, a driving mechanism, a control mechanism, a non-roundness measuring mechanism and a signal conversion mechanism; the out-of-roundness measuring mechanism is used for measuring out-of-roundness data of the wheel tread; the signal conversion mechanism converts the received out-of-roundness data into fine adjustment data; the control mechanism carries out coupling fine adjustment on the feed amount of the cutter according to the received fine adjustment data, and/or controls the driving mechanism to drive the driving wheel to move, so that the distance between the cutter and the axis of the wheel is kept constant. The wheel turning device offsets machining errors caused by wheel out-of-roundness and tread positioning by adjusting the feed amount of the tool and/or the displacement of the driving wheel, thereby reducing out-of-roundness deviation of the wheel and improving the wheel turning precision.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of rail vehicle maintenance, in particular to a wheel turning device and a method thereof.
Background
The wheel is a key part for high-speed reliable operation of rail vehicles such as a motor train unit and the like, the contour parameters of the tread of the wheel are the core technology of the wheel, the matching relationship between the contour parameters and the wheel rail directly influences the high-speed operation stability of the motor train unit, and transverse shaking, vertical shaking, snaking swing and the like in the driving process of the motor train unit are undesirable. Turning wheel modification needs to be carried out on the wheel tread of the rail vehicle every 20-30 kilometers of the average running of the wheels of the rail vehicle, so that the appearance contour of the wheel tread meets the design and application standard requirements, and the safe and stable running of the vehicle under good wheel-rail relation and reliable working conditions is ensured.
In the tread turning method of the existing railway vehicle, one of the tread turning positioning methods is to use tread driving wheels for positioning, i.e. two rollers are in close contact with the tread, and simultaneously pressure is applied to two shaft ends to avoid generating runout when turning the wheels. The turning lathe has the advantages that due to the vibration of a tool rest in the turning process, a certain roundness deviation exists in a wheel, the acting force of a wheel rail is deformed and abraded, after a motor train unit runs for a long time, the wheel is not a regular circle, the wheel is positioned by two points of a double-drive wheel on the wheel tread, and due to the change of the radius of each point in the circumferential direction of the tread, when the wheel rotates in the turning process, the distance from the center of a circle when a fixed turning tool passes through each point in the circumferential direction of the tread changes, so that the problem that the out-of-roundness difference of the wheel after turning is large and the turning precision is influenced is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides wheel turning equipment and a method thereof, the wheel turning equipment converts out-of-roundness data of a wheel into micro-adjustment data of a tool and a driving wheel through an added out-of-roundness measuring mechanism and a signal conversion mechanism, and machining errors caused by out-of-roundness of the wheel and positioning of a tread are offset by adjusting the cutting feed quantity of the tool and/or the displacement of the driving wheel, so that out-of-roundness deviation of the wheel is reduced, and the wheel turning precision is improved.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a wheel turning apparatus including a tool holder for mounting a tool, a driving wheel for driving a wheel, a driving mechanism for driving the driving wheel and the tool holder, and a control mechanism for controlling the driving mechanism; further comprising:
the out-of-roundness measuring mechanism is used for measuring out-of-roundness data of the tread of the wheel;
a signal conversion mechanism that converts the received out-of-roundness data into fine adjustment data;
and the control mechanism carries out coupling fine adjustment on the feed amount of the cutter according to the received fine adjustment data, and/or controls the driving mechanism to drive the driving wheel to move so as to keep the distance between the cutter and the axis of the wheel constant.
Preferably, the fine adjustment data includes feed amount fine adjustment data of the tool and displacement fine adjustment data of the driving wheel;
the control mechanism carries out coupling fine adjustment on the feed amount of the cutter according to the feed amount fine adjustment data;
and the control mechanism controls the driving mechanism to drive the driving wheel to move according to the displacement fine adjustment data.
Preferably, the out-of-roundness measuring mechanism comprises an out-of-roundness measuring instrument for measuring out-of-roundness data of the tread surface.
Preferably, the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the out-of-roundness measuring instrument and is used for driving the out-of-roundness measuring instrument to measure.
Preferably, the feed amount fine adjustment data includes a plurality of feed amount fine adjustment integer values in one-to-one correspondence with respective points on the tread surface.
Preferably, the displacement fine adjustment data includes a plurality of displacement fine adjustment integer values corresponding to respective points on the tread surface one to one.
According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a wheel turning method, including:
converting the out-of-roundness data of the tread of the wheel into fine adjustment data;
performing coupling fine adjustment on the feed amount of the cutter according to the fine adjustment data and/or displacing a driving wheel;
and turning the wheel.
Preferably, before converting the out-of-roundness data of the wheel into the fine adjustment data, the method further comprises:
measuring out-of-roundness data of the tread of the wheel.
Preferably, out-of-roundness data of the tread of the wheel is measured using an out-of-roundness measuring instrument.
Preferably, in converting the out-of-roundness data of the tread surface of the wheel into fine adjustment data, the fine adjustment data includes feed amount fine adjustment data of the tool and displacement fine adjustment data of the driving wheel.
By adopting the wheel turning device and the method thereof provided by the embodiment of the application, the wheel turning device is additionally provided with the out-of-roundness measuring mechanism and the signal conversion mechanism for converting the out-of-roundness data of the wheel, the out-of-roundness measuring mechanism is used for measuring the out-of-roundness data of the wheel to be turned, the signal conversion mechanism converts the out-of-roundness data of the wheel into the feed amount fine-adjustment data of the tool and/or the displacement fine-adjustment data of the driving wheel in the vertical plane, and the machining errors caused by the out-of-roundness of the wheel and the positioning of the tread are counteracted by adjusting the feed amount of the tool and/or the displacement of the driving wheel, so that the out-of-roundness deviation of the wheel is reduced and the wheel turning precision is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating an operating state of a wheel turning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an operating principle of the wheel turning apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a process flow diagram of a turning method for a wheel provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In the process of turning the wheel, the inventor finds that when the wheel rotates in the process of turning the wheel, the distance from each point in the circumferential direction of the tread to the circle center is changed when a fixed turning tool passes through each point, so that the out-of-roundness difference of the wheel after turning is large and the turning precision is influenced.
In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present application provide a wheel turning device and a method thereof, where the wheel turning device converts out-of-roundness data of a wheel into fine adjustment data for a tool and a driving wheel through an added out-of-roundness measuring mechanism and a signal converting mechanism, and cancels out machining errors caused by out-of-roundness of the wheel and positioning of a tread by adjusting a tool feeding amount of the tool and/or a displacement of the driving wheel, thereby reducing out-of-roundness deviation of the wheel and improving wheel turning precision.
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the following further detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings makes it clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and are not exhaustive of all embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example one
The present embodiment provides a wheel turning device 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the wheel turning device 1 includes a tool holder 11 for mounting a tool 2, a driving wheel 12 for driving a wheel 3, a driving mechanism 13 for driving the driving wheel 12 and the tool holder 11, and a control mechanism 14 for controlling the driving mechanism 13; the cutter 2 arranged on the cutter frame 11 is used for cutting the wheel tread 31 so as to enable the parameters of the wheel tread 31 to meet the index requirements; in the turning process of the wheel 3, the wheel 3 is driven by a driving wheel 12 to rotate, the cutter 2 is relatively fixed after the cutter feeding amount is determined, and the cutting processing of the wheel tread is realized through the movement of the wheel 3 relative to the cutter 2; the driving mechanism 13 can be powered by an electric motor such as a servo motor; the driving wheel 12 can be driven to rotate by the power of the driving mechanism 13 through a transmission mechanism, and the knife rest 11 can also be driven to move in a three-dimensional coordinate system through the transmission mechanism;
as shown in the structures of fig. 1 and 2, the wheel turning device 1 further includes a non-circularity measuring mechanism 15 and a signal conversion mechanism 16; the out-of-roundness measuring mechanism 15 is used for measuring out-of-roundness data of the tread 31 of the wheel 3; the signal conversion mechanism 16 converts the received out-of-roundness data into fine adjustment data; in the actual production process, the signal conversion mechanism 16 can be integrated with the control mechanism 14, or the control mechanism 14 can be used to replace the signal conversion mechanism 16; the control mechanism 14 may adopt a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), a single chip microcomputer, a microprocessor, or the like;
the control mechanism 14 carries out coupling fine adjustment on the feed amount of the tool 2 according to the received fine adjustment data, and/or controls the driving mechanism 13 to drive the driving wheel 12 to displace for keeping the distance between the tool 2 and the axis of the wheel 3 constant.
The wheel turning device 1 obtains out-of-roundness data of the tread 31 of the wheel 3 to be turned through the out-of-roundness measuring mechanism 15, and converts the out-of-roundness data of the wheel through the signal conversion mechanism 16; in the actual machining process, the machining of the wheel tread 31 can be improved by adopting the following three adjusting modes:
in a first mode
The signal conversion mechanism 16 converts the out-of-roundness data of the wheel 3 into feed amount fine adjustment data of the tool 2, for example, at a position where the actually measured radius of the tread 31 is smaller than the standard radius, the feed amount of the tool 2 can be reduced by the control mechanism 14 to reduce the cutting amount of the tool 2 on the tread 31 at the position, and at a position where the actually measured radius of the tread 31 is larger than the standard radius, the feed amount of the tool 2 can be increased by the control mechanism 14 to increase the cutting amount of the tool 2 on the tread 31 at the position, the actual feed amount of the tool 2 during cutting on the tread 31 is adjusted by the control mechanism 14 according to the feed amount fine adjustment data to counteract the machining error caused by the out-of-roundness of-wheel and the positioning of the driving wheel 12 according to the out-of-roundness data of the tread 31, so that the wheel 3 machined by the wheel turning equipment 1 can satisfy the wheel roundness index, the out-of-roundness deviation of the wheel 3 can be reduced and the turning accuracy of the wheel 3 can be improved.
Mode two
The signal conversion mechanism 16 converts the out-of-roundness data of the wheel 3 into displacement fine adjustment data of the driving wheel 12 in a vertical plane, for example, at a position where the actually measured radius of the tread 31 is smaller than a standard radius, the control mechanism 14 can control the driving wheel 12 to be raised or lowered in the vertical plane to increase the distance between the axis of the wheel 3 and the tool 2, thereby reducing the cutting amount of the tool 2 on the tread 31 at the position, while at a position where the actually measured radius of the tread 31 is larger than the standard radius, the control mechanism 14 can control the driving wheel 12 to be lowered or raised in the vertical plane to decrease the distance between the axis of the wheel 3 and the tool 2, thereby increasing the cutting amount of the tool 2 on the tread 31 at the position, and the control mechanism 14 can adjust the displacement of the driving wheel 12 in the vertical plane according to the displacement fine adjustment data, thereby adjusting the distance between the tread 31 and the tool 2, further, the actual feed amount of the tool 2 during cutting of the wheel tread surface 31 is adjusted to cancel out machining errors due to wheel out-of-round and positioning of the drive wheel 12 based on the out-of-round data of the wheel tread surface 31, so that the wheel 3 machined by the wheel turning device 1 can satisfy the wheel out-of-round index, thereby reducing out-of-round deviation of the wheel 3 and improving the turning accuracy of the wheel 3.
Mode III
The out-of-roundness data of the wheel 3 is converted into feed amount fine adjustment data of the tool 2 and displacement fine adjustment data of the driving wheel 12 in a vertical plane through the signal conversion mechanism 16, for example, in a position where the actually measured radius of the tread 31 is smaller than a standard radius, the feed amount of the tool 2 can be reduced through the control mechanism 14, the driving wheel 12 is controlled to be lifted or lowered in the vertical plane, and the cutting amount of the tool 2 to the tread 31 at the position is reduced through reducing the feed amount and the displacement of the driving wheel 12; in the position where the actually measured radius of the tread 31 is larger than the standard radius, the feed amount of the tool 2 can be increased by the control mechanism 14, the driving wheel 12 is controlled to be lowered or raised in the vertical plane, the cutting amount of the tool 2 on the tread 31 at the position is increased by increasing the feed amount and the displacement of the driving wheel 12, the actual feed amount of the tool 2 during cutting on the wheel tread 31 is adjusted by the control mechanism 14 according to the feed amount fine adjustment data and the displacement fine adjustment data of the driving wheel 12, so as to counteract the machining errors caused by wheel out-of-roundness and the positioning of the driving wheel 12 according to the out-of-roundness data of the wheel tread 31, so that the wheel 3 machined by the wheel turning device 1 can meet the wheel roundness index, not only can the out-of-roundness of-wheel 3 be reduced, but also the turning accuracy of the wheel 3 can be improved.
In a specific embodiment, the fine adjustment data includes feed amount fine adjustment data of the tool 2 and/or displacement fine adjustment data of the driving wheel 12; the feed amount fine adjustment data includes a plurality of feed amount fine adjustment integer values corresponding to respective points on the tread 31 of the wheel 3 one by one; the displacement fine adjustment data includes a plurality of displacement fine adjustment integer values corresponding to respective points on the tread 31 of the wheel 3 one by one; the control mechanism 14 can carry out coupling fine adjustment on the feed amount of the cutter 2 according to the feed amount fine adjustment data; the control means 14 controls the drive means 13 to drive the drive wheel 12 to displace based on the fine displacement adjustment data.
When the control mechanism 14 performs coupling fine adjustment on the feed amount of the tool 2 according to the feed amount fine adjustment data, the specific adjustment process may be as follows: in the position where the radius of the tread 31 at the actually measured position is smaller than the standard radius, the control mechanism 14 can reduce the feed amount of the tool 2 to reduce the cutting amount of the tool 2 on the tread 31 at the position, and in the position where the radius of the tread 31 at the actually measured position is larger than the standard radius, the control mechanism 14 can increase the feed amount of the tool 2 to increase the cutting amount of the tread 31 at the position, and the control mechanism 14 can adjust the actual feed amount of the tool 2 when cutting the wheel tread 31 according to the feed amount fine adjustment data to cancel out the machining error caused by the wheel out-of-roundness and the positioning of the driving wheel 12 according to the out-of-roundness data of the wheel tread 31, so that the wheel 3 machined by the wheel turning equipment 1 can meet the wheel out-of-roundness index, thereby not only reducing the out-of-roundness deviation of the wheel 3, but also improving the turning accuracy of the wheel 3.
When the control mechanism 14 controls the driving mechanism 13 to drive the driving wheel 12 to displace according to the fine displacement adjustment data, the specific adjusting process may be as follows: in the position where the radius of the tread 31 at the actual measurement position is smaller than the standard radius, the control mechanism 14 can control the driving wheel 12 to rise or fall in the vertical plane to increase the distance between the axis of the wheel 3 and the tool 2, thereby reducing the cutting amount of the tool 2 on the tread 31 at the position, in the position where the radius of the tread 31 at the actual measurement position is larger than the standard radius, the control mechanism 14 can control the driving wheel 12 to fall or rise in the vertical plane to reduce the distance between the axis of the wheel 3 and the tool 2, thereby increasing the cutting amount of the tool 2 on the tread 31 at the position, the control mechanism 14 can adjust the displacement of the driving wheel 12 in the vertical plane according to the displacement fine adjustment data, thereby adjusting the distance between the tread wheel 31 and the tool 2, further adjusting the actual feed amount when the tool 2 cuts the tread 31, so as to counteract the processing errors caused by the wheel out-of-round shape and the positioning of the driving wheel 12 according to the out-of-round shape data of the tread 31, the wheel 3 machined by the wheel turning equipment 1 can meet the wheel roundness index, and not only can the out-of-roundness deviation of the wheel 3 be reduced, but also the turning precision of the wheel 3 can be improved.
In measuring out-of-roundness data of the wheel tread 31, the out-of-roundness measuring mechanism 15 may include an out-of-roundness measuring instrument for measuring out-of-roundness data of the wheel 3 tread 31; the driving mechanism 13 is in transmission connection with the out-of-roundness measuring instrument, and the out-of-roundness measuring instrument can be driven to move by the driving mechanism 13, so that the tread 31 of the wheel can be measured.
Example two
An embodiment of the present application provides a method for turning a wheel, as shown in fig. 3, the method includes the following steps:
step S10, measuring out-of-roundness data of the tread 31 of the wheel 3; in measuring the out-of-roundness data of the tread 31 of the wheel 3, the out-of-roundness data of the tread 31 of the wheel may be measured by an out-of-roundness measuring instrument;
step S20, converting the out-of-roundness data of the tread 31 of the wheel 3 into fine adjustment data; the fine adjustment data may include feed amount fine adjustment data of the tool 2 and/or displacement fine adjustment data of the driving wheel 12; the feed amount fine adjustment data includes a plurality of feed amount fine adjustment integer values corresponding to respective points on the tread 31 of the wheel 3 one by one; the displacement fine adjustment data includes a plurality of displacement fine adjustment integer values corresponding to respective points on the tread 31 of the wheel 3 one by one;
step S30, performing coupling trimming on the feed amount of the tool 2 and/or displacing the driving wheel 12 according to the trimming data;
in step S40, the wheel 3 is turned.
By adopting the wheel turning method, the out-of-roundness data of the wheel tread 31 can be measured, the out-of-roundness data of the wheel tread 31 can be converted into the feed amount of the tool 2 and the displacement of the driving wheel 12, the actual cutting amount of the tool 2 on the wheel tread 31 can be adjusted by adjusting the feed amount of the tool 2 and the displacement of the driving wheel 12, so that the distance between the wheel tread 31 and the tool 2 is ensured to be constant, and further, the machining errors caused by the out-of-round wheel and the positioning of the driving wheel 12 can be offset according to the out-of-roundness data of the wheel tread 31, so that the wheel 3 machined by the wheel turning device 1 can meet the wheel roundness index, the out-of-round deviation of the wheel 3 can be reduced, and the turning precision of the wheel 3 can be improved.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (6)
1. A wheel turning apparatus includes a tool holder for mounting a tool, a driving wheel for driving a wheel, a driving mechanism for driving the driving wheel and the tool holder, and a control mechanism for controlling the driving mechanism; the method is characterized in that: further comprising:
the out-of-roundness measuring mechanism is used for measuring out-of-roundness data of the tread of the wheel;
a signal conversion mechanism that converts the received out-of-roundness data into fine adjustment data;
the control mechanism carries out coupling fine adjustment on the feed amount of the cutter according to the received fine adjustment data, controls the driving mechanism to drive the driving wheel to move, and is used for keeping the distance between the cutter and the axis of the wheel constant;
the fine adjustment data comprises feed amount fine adjustment data of the cutter and displacement fine adjustment data of the driving wheel; the feed amount fine adjustment data comprises a plurality of feed amount fine adjustment integer values which correspond to all points on the tread one to one; the displacement fine adjustment data comprises a plurality of displacement fine adjustment integer values which correspond to each point on the tread one by one;
the control mechanism carries out coupling fine adjustment on the feed amount of the cutter according to the feed amount fine adjustment data;
and the control mechanism controls the driving mechanism to drive the driving wheel to move according to the displacement fine adjustment data.
2. The wheel turning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the out-of-roundness measuring mechanism comprises an out-of-roundness measuring instrument for measuring out-of-roundness data of the tread.
3. The wheel turning apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the driving mechanism is drivingly connected to the out-of-roundness measuring instrument for driving the out-of-roundness measuring instrument to perform measurement.
4. A wheel turning method using the wheel turning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
converting the out-of-roundness data of the tread of the wheel into fine adjustment data; the fine adjustment data comprises feed amount fine adjustment data of the cutter and displacement fine adjustment data of the driving wheel; the feed amount fine adjustment data comprises a plurality of feed amount fine adjustment integer values which correspond to all points on the tread one to one; the displacement fine adjustment data comprises a plurality of displacement fine adjustment integer values which correspond to each point on the tread one by one;
carrying out coupling fine adjustment on the feed amount of the cutter according to the fine adjustment data to enable the driving wheel to displace;
turning the wheel.
5. The wheel turning method according to claim 4, further comprising, before converting the out-of-roundness data of the wheel into the fine-adjustment data:
measuring out-of-roundness data of the tread of the wheel.
6. The wheel turning method of claim 5, wherein out-of-roundness data of the tread of the wheel is measured using an out-of-roundness measuring instrument.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811525180.XA CN111318724B (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2018-12-13 | Turning repair equipment and method for wheel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811525180.XA CN111318724B (en) | 2018-12-13 | 2018-12-13 | Turning repair equipment and method for wheel |
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| CN111318724A CN111318724A (en) | 2020-06-23 |
| CN111318724B true CN111318724B (en) | 2021-11-16 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113146141B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-03-18 | 中浙高铁轴承有限公司 | Method for spin repairing comprehensive test stand of rolling stock |
| CN113231654A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-10 | 成都广屹实业发展有限公司 | Wheel set automatic turning system and method based on visual measurement |
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| DE102005001220B4 (en) * | 2005-01-10 | 2007-12-13 | Hegenscheidt-Mfd Gmbh & Co. Kg | Underfloor wheel lathe for machining wheel sets for railway vehicles |
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| EP0528058A1 (en) * | 1991-08-09 | 1993-02-24 | HEGENSCHEIDT-MFD GmbH | Method for machining a wheel set driven by friction rolls |
| CN202343954U (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-07-25 | 姜曦 | Underfloor wheel numerical control lathe |
| CN205860964U (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2017-01-04 | 王鼎兴 | Pressure vessel roundness measurement instrument |
| CN207066321U (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2018-03-02 | 浙江恒成硬质合金有限公司 | A kind of hard alloy composite roll roll shaft circularity and coaxality measuring mechanism |
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