CN111225907B - 制备苯并噻吩-2基硼酸/硼酸盐的方法 - Google Patents
制备苯并噻吩-2基硼酸/硼酸盐的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111225907B CN111225907B CN201880069634.9A CN201880069634A CN111225907B CN 111225907 B CN111225907 B CN 111225907B CN 201880069634 A CN201880069634 A CN 201880069634A CN 111225907 B CN111225907 B CN 111225907B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- -1 benzothien-2 yl boric acid Chemical compound 0.000 title claims description 27
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 12
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 title description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 141
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 71
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 70
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical group CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 27
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- JEDZLBFUGJTJGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].COCCO[AlH]OCCOC Chemical compound [Na].COCCO[AlH]OCCOC JEDZLBFUGJTJGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical group [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical compound B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012022 methylating agents Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical group [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SKTCDJAMAYNROS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxycyclopentane Chemical compound COC1CCCC1 SKTCDJAMAYNROS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NHDIQVFFNDKAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropan-2-yl borate Chemical compound CC(C)OB(OC(C)C)OC(C)C NHDIQVFFNDKAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XMJHPCRAQCTCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl chloroformate Chemical compound COC(Cl)=O XMJHPCRAQCTCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- YNCYPMUJDDXIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[b]thiophene-2-boronic acid Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC(B(O)O)=CC2=C1 YNCYPMUJDDXIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002062 proliferating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 29
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 20
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Chemical class OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 18
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 16
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- QMSRQVNGCIFRAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (7-methoxy-5-methyl-1-benzothiophen-2-yl)boronic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC(C)=CC2=C1SC(B(O)O)=C2 QMSRQVNGCIFRAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 12
- NEGUYZPTEJBCNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-hydroxy-1-benzothiophene-5-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C2SC=CC2=C1 NEGUYZPTEJBCNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 11
- IEVVDVPWHKPWOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxycarbonyl-5-thiophen-3-ylpent-4-enoic acid Chemical compound COC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)=CC1=CSC=C1 IEVVDVPWHKPWOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical class COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- BAUPXKYYZZTLHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 7-hydroxy-1-benzothiophene-5-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C2SC=CC2=C1 BAUPXKYYZZTLHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZFZGTWXDXHULHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (7-methoxy-1-benzothiophen-5-yl)methanol Chemical compound COc1cc(CO)cc2ccsc12 ZFZGTWXDXHULHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NTNVVEUHXXPOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(chloromethyl)-7-[[5-(chloromethyl)-1-benzothiophen-7-yl]methoxymethyl]-1-benzothiophene Chemical compound ClCC=1C=C(C2=C(C=CS2)C1)COCC1=CC(=CC=2C=CSC21)CCl NTNVVEUHXXPOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IAUBUELRSHDINQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 7-acetyloxy-1-benzothiophene-5-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC(OC(C)=O)=C2SC=CC2=C1 IAUBUELRSHDINQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-diisopropylethylamine Substances CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
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- FMAMOHQHNNUMQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methoxy-5-methyl-1-benzothiophene Chemical compound COC1=CC(C)=CC2=C1SC=C2 FMAMOHQHNNUMQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
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- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000155 isotopic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000006798 ring closing metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004704 ultra performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpiperidine Chemical compound CN1CCCCC1 PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RBIGKSZIQCTIJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-formylthiophene Chemical compound O=CC=1C=CSC=1 RBIGKSZIQCTIJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000033962 Fontaine progeroid syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 4
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
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- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- HQALDKFFRYFTKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[4-(2-benzyl-1-benzothiophen-3-yl)phenyl]-2-bromo-6-(3-methoxyphenyl)phenoxy]acetic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C(=C(Br)C=C(C=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3SC=2CC=2C=CC=CC=2)OCC(O)=O)=C1 HQALDKFFRYFTKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NSIJIOLZDBBVDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(hydroxymethyl)-1-benzothiophen-7-ol Chemical compound OCC=1C=C(C2=C(C=CS2)C=1)O NSIJIOLZDBBVDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical class CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MSKUNCMDULMIFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N COC1=CC(=CC=2C=CSC=21)C(=O)OC Chemical compound COC1=CC(=CC=2C=CSC=21)C(=O)OC MSKUNCMDULMIFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl succinate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC MUXOBHXGJLMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RROBIDXNTUAHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazol-1-yloxy-tris(dimethylamino)phosphanium Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(O[P+](N(C)C)(N(C)C)N(C)C)N=NC2=C1 RROBIDXNTUAHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
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- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNLRRJSKGXOYNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[[4-amino-6-(methoxymethyl)-5-(7-methoxy-5-methyl-1-benzothiophen-2-yl)pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-7-yl]methyl]piperazin-2-one Chemical compound N12N=CN=C(N)C2=C(C=2SC3=C(OC)C=C(C)C=C3C=2)C(COC)=C1CN1CCNC(=O)C1 HNLRRJSKGXOYNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 108091008794 FGF receptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007821 HATU Substances 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical class CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
制备式(VI)的苯并噻吩‑2‑基硼酸/硼酸盐的方法,其用作中间体,用于生产药物以及生产治疗和/或预防增生性障碍诸如癌症和肿瘤疾病的药物。
Description
发明领域
本申请涉及制备式(VI)的苯并噻吩-2-基硼酸/硼酸盐(boronate)的新型和有效的方法,
其用作生产药物的中间体以及生产用于治疗和/或预防增生性障碍诸如癌症和肿瘤疾病的药物。
发明背景
更特别地,式(VI)的苯并噻吩-2-基硼酸/硼酸盐适用于制备式(I)化合物
4-{[4-氨基-6-(甲氧基甲基)-5-(7-甲氧基-5-甲基-1-苯并噻吩-2-基)吡咯并[2,1 f]¬[1,2,4]¬三嗪-7-基]甲基}哌嗪-2-酮
或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物,它们用于生产药物以及生产用于治疗和/或预防增生性障碍诸如癌症和肿瘤疾病的药物。
4-{[4-氨基-6-(甲氧基甲基)-5-(7-甲氧基-5-甲基-1-苯并噻吩-2-基)吡咯并[2,1 f]¬[1,2,4]¬三嗪-7-基]甲基}哌嗪-2-酮已被给予国际非专利药物名称(INN)ROGARATINIB。
Rogaratinib具有有价值的药理学特性,并可用于预防和治疗人类和其它哺乳动物中的障碍。
Rogaratinib是受体酪氨酸激酶,特别是FGFR激酶,最显著是FGFR-1和FGFR-3激酶的活性或表达的有效抑制剂。在某些实施方案中,与FGFR激酶的活性有关的障碍是增生性障碍,特别是癌症和肿瘤疾病。
癌症是全球主要的死亡原因,且在2008年导致760万人死亡(所有死亡人数的约13%)。预计2030年全球由于癌症死亡的人数将继续上升至超过1100万人(WHO原始资料,第297号情况说明书(Fact Sheet No.297),2011年2月)。
WO 2013/087578中公开了制备Rogaratinib的方法以及关键中间体苯并噻吩2-基硼酸盐的合成。
式(VI)的苯并噻吩-2-基硼酸/硼酸盐可以方便地从式(XXIV)的取代苯硫酚衍生物出发而制备(参见下面的方案1)。用溴代乙缩醛(XXV)的烷基化和随后的多聚磷酸介导的环化提供了式(XXVII)的苯并噻吩中间体,然后将其在2-位金属化并与硼酸三烷基酯反应。碱性后处理提供了式(VIa)的游离(苯并噻吩-2-基)硼酸,如果需要,可以将其通过本领域已知的标准方法转化成环状硼酸酯类,例如式(VIb)的所谓的MIDA硼酸酯类[参见,例如D.M. Knapp等人, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131 (20), 6961-6963 (2009)]。
方案1:
[参见 P. A. Plé 和 L. J. Marnett, J. Heterocyclic Chem. 25 (4), 1271-1272 (1988);A. Venturelli等人,J. Med. Chem. 50 (23),5644-5654 (2007)]。
式(XXIV)的化合物商购可得、从文献中已知、或可以通过采用文献中描述的标准方法由容易获得的起始材料制备。用于制备所述起始材料的详细程序和文献参考也可以在WO 2013/087578实验部分的起始材料和中间体的制备部分中找到。
●根据如上所示方案的合成具有的一般缺点在于,产生式(XXVII)的化合物的闭环需要苛刻的条件,诸如异常高的反应温度和不利的试剂,诸如糖浆状多聚磷酸,其可能与反应混合物形成双相体系。这些条件需要相当多的安全预防措施以及大量工程学努力才能转化为工业规模,并因此导致高生产成本。
●根据如上所示方案的合成具有的缺点在于,由于所提及的剧烈反应条件而形成结构相似性高的杂质,其只能通过对式(XXVII)的化合物或随后的合成阶段的广泛的提纯努力来清除。这导致额外的努力、成本以及产量显著降低—尤其是在工业规模上。这些杂质甚至可能不能被清除到根据适当的管理准则对于药品所需的程度。
在根据方案1中概述的方法经由(1)至(2)的闭环来制备式(VI)的苯并噻吩-2-基硼酸/硼酸盐的过程中:
根据质谱观察到形成符合式3.1至3.6的结构的杂质:
这些杂质可以追溯到甲氧基-甲基-苯并噻吩中间体(2)中符合式4.1至4.6结构的杂质:
这些杂质是在高温用PPA的闭环过程期间形成的,并通过(2)的分馏式高真空蒸馏将其清除,其在工业规模上将收率降低至14-20%,但仍未导致符合后期临床开发中对API的要求的杂质水平。
本发明的目的是提供具有高收率的制备式(VI)的苯并噻吩-2-基硼酸/硼酸盐的有效方法,
该苯并噻吩-2-基硼酸/硼酸盐作为用于制备式(I)的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物的具有高收率的有效方法的关键组分
发明概述
本发明涉及制备式(VI) 化合物的方法:
包括下列步骤:
步骤5:
其中通过将式(VII)化合物溶解在惰性溶剂诸如THF中并添加任选在溶剂诸如THF中的金属有机碱诸如正丁基锂溶液和硼酸三烷基酯诸如硼酸三异丙基酯,使式(VII)化合物反应,
由此提供式(VI)化合物:
所述式(VII)化合物:
通过下列步骤4制备:
其中任选在惰性溶剂诸如例如THF存在下,使式(X)化合物:
与一种或多种还原剂诸如例如双(2-甲氧基-乙氧基)二氢铝钠溶液反应,由此提供式(IX)化合物:
并在溶剂诸如例如甲苯存在下使式(IX)化合物与HCl水溶液反应,由此提供式(VIII)化合物:
并使式(VIII)化合物与一种或多种还原剂诸如例如双(2-甲氧基-乙氧基)二氢铝钠溶液反应,由此提供式(VII)化合物。
本发明还涉及选自下列的化合物:
和
发明详述
如上所述,本发明的目的是提供用于制备式(VI)的苯并噻吩-2-基硼酸/硼酸盐的具有高收率的有效方法,
该苯并噻吩-2-基硼酸/硼酸盐作为用于制备式(I)的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂化物的具有高收率的有效方法的关键组分
根据本发明,该目的如下实现。下面的方案2通过举例阐明了各个反应步骤:
方案2:
本发明的一个方面涉及通过使用根据方案2的合成途径制备不含如上所示的杂质(3.1至3.6)的式(VI)的苯并噻吩-2-基硼酸/硼酸盐,其避免了使用类似高温傅-克反应的条件以及使用多聚磷酸的噻吩环体系的闭环。取而代之,经由脱水条件而形成具有式(X)的苯并噻吩衍生物,并然后经由苯并噻吩衍生物(VII)将其转化为式(VI)的苯并噻吩-2-基硼酸/硼酸盐。这种适度的条件导致高转化率,并且来自该方法的杂质可以在(VII)的真空蒸馏期间很好地清除。尽管增加了合成步骤的数量,但总体收率显著提高,并且可以使用标准中试设备,这导致生产成本的显著降低。
在下面的步骤1和2中公开的闭环已经以修改形式由EP 2338887 A1参考例12和13以及作为进一步的修改版本由JACS (第129卷, 第45期, 2007 Boger等人(Vol 129,No.45, 2007 Boger et al.))为公众所知。
根据Boger等人,以下缺点与得到7-乙酰氧基-3-甲基苯并[b]噻吩-5-甲酸乙酯的该实验室规模的方法相关:观察到低的总收率-可能是由于在缩合反应期间在碱性反应条件下的噻吩-醛分解。因此,使用了大量的琥珀酸酯试剂(例如6当量)。在脱水条件下的闭环反应中,在高达140℃的高反应温度通过使用乙酸酐作为溶剂而大量施加乙酸酐。结果,在通过色谱提纯后,只能以40%的收率分离出产物7-乙酰氧基-3-甲基苯并[b]噻吩-5-甲酸乙酯。此外,在放大试验过程中,在回流乙酸酐中的反应会需要显著的安全和工程学考虑。
我们出乎意料地能够通过将噻吩-3-甲醛添加到琥珀酸酯和甲醇钠的混合物中来改变添加顺序以实现向中间体(XIII)的缩合反应中的高转化率。在这些条件下,仅必需使用略微过量的琥珀酸酯(2.5当量)。副组分和过量试剂可通过该中间体的结晶(例如从甲苯)在这一早期阶段清除,避免了在后期阶段进行色谱提纯。
此外,在脱水条件下的闭环可以在7小时内在仅75℃的适中温度用少量过量的乙酸酐(用作为惰性溶剂的甲苯稀释)完成。这些条件有利于更少的副反应,并有利于在工业规模上反应物质安全的后处理。如果然后将粗品中间体苯并噻吩甲酸酯(XII)在MeOH中用NaOH水溶液进行皂化,随后用酸中和,则可以高收率和纯度作为固体分离出苯并噻吩甲酸。
本发明的第一方面涉及制备式(VI)的苯并噻吩-2-基硼酸/硼酸盐的方法。
步骤1:
根据本发明的第一方面,通过(XV)与(XIV)的缩合进行如上所示的(XV)和(XIV)至(XIII)的反应。这通过在25-40℃向琥珀酸二甲酯溶液中添加碱金属醇盐(诸如甲醇钠)在醇(优选甲醇)中的溶液来进行。可以使用其它琥珀酸酯代替(XV),因为该酯在随后的步骤期间被裂解。
将混合物加热至回流,并添加噻吩-3-甲醛溶液。完全转化后,通过添加水将混合物水解,并将产物用甲苯(或其它与水不混溶的溶剂)萃取。除去溶剂后,粗品(XIII)通过从甲苯(或其它合适溶剂)中结晶和/或重浆化(reslurry)而提纯。
● 该方法具有如下优点:通过将噻吩-3-甲醛缓慢添加到反应混合物中来实现的与醛有关的高转化率;
● 该方法具有如下优点:对于完全转化施加了减少的过量的琥珀酸二甲酯;
● 该方法具有如下优点:在通过结晶和/或重浆化(reslurry)提纯后得到非常纯且固体的中间体(XIII),这有助于避免在后期阶段通过例如制备型色谱的提纯。
步骤2:
根据本发明的第一方面,步骤(2)中所示的(XIII)经由(XII)至羧酸中间体(XI)的反应是通过在脱水条件下闭环产生苯并噻吩衍生物(XII)和酯基团的水解产生7-羟基-1-苯并噻吩-5-甲酸(XI)进行的。这通过在甲苯中在70-75℃将(XIII)与乙酸酐和乙酸钠加热7h进行(其它脱水剂:例如,酸酐(三氟乙酸酐)、氯甲酸甲酯;除乙酸钠外的其它碱(乙酸钾;对于所有工艺步骤,温度和时间(T & t)可变)。通过在25-30℃添加水来将该混合物水解。分离有机相,再次用水洗涤,并通过减压蒸馏部分除去溶剂。用MeOH和水稀释剩余的(XII)在甲苯中的溶液,并在低于45℃的温度缓慢添加氢氧化钠水溶液(其它碱,主要是无机的),并最后加热至50-55℃保持5h。分离水相,并进一步用水稀释,并通过在10-15℃添加强质子酸诸如HCl、HNO3、磺酸、CH3COOH和H2SO4,优选H2SO4直至达到2-3的pH,沉淀出产物。将所述混悬液加热至40-45℃,并在2h内冷却至25-30℃,以改进产品的过滤行为,并通过过滤分离。
● 该方法具有如下优点:通过不使用大过量的乙酸酐作为溶剂、而通过在甲苯中稀释而有限过量,增加了工业规模的工艺安全性。通过在稀释条件下乙酸酐水解期间受控的能量释放,实现安全的后处理;
● 该方法具有如下优点:在向(XII)的闭环步骤期间通过仅使用适中的反应温度而给出减少的副产物的量;
● 该方法具有如下优点:通过改进分离前的温度处理期间的固态性能,在(XI)的分离期间在工业规模上可接受的过滤次数;
● 该方法具有如下优点:以非常好的收率产生具有非常高纯度的中间体(XI)的良好结晶固体产物,避免中间体(XII)或合成后期阶段的额外提纯步骤。
步骤3:
根据本发明的第一方面,如方案中所示的(XI)至7-甲氧基-1-苯并噻吩-5-甲酸甲酯(X)的反应是通过酯和苯酚基团的甲基化来进行的。这通过将(XI)溶解在丙酮和甲苯(其它溶剂)的混合物中来进行。添加碳酸钾(其它无机碱、胺…)后,将混悬液加热至50-60℃,并缓慢添加硫酸二甲酯(其它甲基化试剂:碘甲烷)。完全转化后,将溶剂在85℃部分蒸馏,并添加水。分离各相,且水相另外用甲苯萃取。合并的有机相用水洗涤,并在60℃减压下除去溶剂。粗产物进行下一步骤。
步骤4:
根据本发明的第一方面,(X)至7-甲氧基-5-甲基-1-苯并噻吩(VII)的反应是通过将酯基团还原成甲基以产生(VII)来进行的。这优选通过如步骤4所示将(X)的酯基团还原成醇(IX)、然后将醇基团氯化成(VIII)、然后还原成(VII)的逐步还原来实现。这通过将粗产物(X)溶解在惰性溶剂诸如醚(例如二氧杂环己烷Me-THF、CPME和MTBE)、芳族&脂族烃(例如苯、甲苯、二甲苯环己烷)中来进行;优选使用THF,并在25-30℃添加双(2-甲氧基-乙氧基)二氢铝钠(Red-Al®)在甲苯中的溶液。其它合适的还原剂包括氢 (具有合适的催化剂)、LAH、硼烷和硅烷。
通过添加氢氧化钠水溶液(其它碱的水溶液)将混合物水解,并将产物用甲苯 (其它与水不混溶的溶剂、或通过添加反溶剂沉淀/结晶) 萃取,并通过在60℃减压下除去溶剂进行分离。
将粗品(IX)溶解在甲苯中,并在50-55℃缓慢添加HCl水溶液。可以使用其它氯化剂诸如SOCl2。完全转化后,将混合物用碳酸氢钠水溶液水解。通过用盐水、Na2SO4处理和在60℃减压下除去溶剂的共沸干燥,干燥有机相。
而且,其它离去基团可以用作结构(VIII)中氯的替代,诸如例如Br、I、F、RSO3。
将粗产物(VIII)溶解在惰性溶剂诸如醚(例如二氧杂环己烷Me-THF、CPME和MTBE)、芳族&脂族烃(例如苯、甲苯、二甲苯环己烷)中;优选使用THF,并在25-30℃添加还原剂诸如双(2-甲氧基-乙氧基)二氢铝钠(Red-Al®)在甲苯中的溶液。其它合适的还原剂包括氢 (具有合适的催化剂)、LAH、硼烷和硅烷。
通过添加氢氧化钠水溶液(其它碱的水溶液)将混合物水解,并将产物用甲苯(其它与水不混溶的溶剂、或通过添加反溶剂沉淀/结晶)萃取,并通过在60℃减压下除去溶剂进行分离。(VIII)通过在125-160℃真空蒸馏进行提纯。
● 该方法具有如下优点:以高收率和无根据方案1的杂质的高纯度得到7-甲氧基-5-甲基-1-苯并噻吩(VII),所述根据方案1的杂质对于用于临床应用的最终药物成分(I)的品质而言很关键并且不能在向(I)的随后工艺步骤之一中轻易清除;
● 该方法具有如下优点:使用标准的多功能设备和工业规模上安全的试剂得到7-甲氧基-5-甲基-1-苯并噻吩(VII)。避免了使用剧烈反应条件例如> 160℃的高温和不利试剂例如糖浆状多聚磷酸(其不完全溶解在反应混合物中)。因此避免了工业规模上非常昂贵的安全和工程学考虑。
步骤5:
根据本发明的第一方面,(VII)至式(VI)的苯并噻吩-2-基硼酸/硼酸盐的反应通过硼基化来进行。将(VII)溶解在惰性溶剂诸如THF中,并通过在-73至-80℃添加金属有机碱诸如正丁基锂在THF/己烷中的溶液中来金属化。搅拌反应物质30分钟后,在-73至-80℃缓慢添加硼酸三异丙酯。在30分钟的反应时间后,将混合物在<10℃用氢氧化钾水溶液水解,并在20-30℃分离各相。用甲苯洗涤水相,并通过在0-5℃添加硫酸水溶液(其它酸)来沉淀产物。通过过滤而分离(VI),并用水洗涤。将产物在40-45℃用溶剂例如环己烷再浆化,分离并在40-45℃减压干燥。
● 该方法具有如下优点:以高收率和无根据方案1的杂质的高纯度得到(7-甲氧基-5-甲基-1-苯并噻吩-2-基)硼酸(VI),所述根据方案1的杂质对于用于临床应用的最终药物成分(I)的品质而言很关键并且不能在向(I)的随后工艺步骤之一中轻易清除。
根据本发明的第一方面的一个替代实施方案,在以下方案3中示出了从中间体(XII)至(X)的途径:
本发明第一方面的一个替代实施方案是中间体(XII)经由中间体(XV)至(X)的转化。与中间体(XI)的制备方法相比,通过施用较弱的碱,只有(XII)的乙酰基官能团选择性地水解而得到中间体(XV)。这通过在高温将(XII)与碳酸钾在乙醇中混合来进行。通过添加氯化氢水溶液将反应物质水解,并将产物用甲基叔丁基醚萃取。减压除去溶剂后得到(XV)。
(XV)至7-甲氧基-1-苯并噻吩-5-甲酸甲酯(X)的反应通过在存在或不存在碱时用甲基化试剂处理来进行。这通过将(XV)与碳酸钾和硫酸二甲酯在2-丁酮中混合并在室温搅拌来进行。反应完全后,添加氨水溶液和甲基叔丁基醚。有机相减压浓缩得到(X)。
● 这一替代方法具有如下缺点:避免了中间体(XI)的良好结晶固体产物。
● 这一替代方法具有如下优点:使得浓缩(telescoping)XV为溶液并在适中温度施用更少量的有毒甲基化试剂。
在本发明的第一方面的替代实施方案中,从中间体(XI)至7-甲氧基-5-甲基-1-苯并噻吩(VII)的途径如以下方案4所示:
在这一途径中,首先在单个步骤中将(XVII)还原得到(XIII),或在2个步骤中经由中间体(XVI)得到中间体(XVII)。然后将(XVII)甲基化成(VII)。
用于本发明目的的盐优选是根据本发明的化合物的药学上可接受的盐(例如,参见S. M. Berge等人, "Pharmaceutical Salts",J. Pharm. Sci. 1977, 66,1-19)。也包括本身不适合用于药物用途、但可以用于例如分离或提纯根据本发明的化合物的盐。
药学上可接受的盐包括无机酸、羧酸和磺酸的酸加成盐,例如盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、磷酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、苯磺酸、甲苯磺酸、萘二磺酸、甲酸、乙酸、三氟乙酸、丙酸、乳酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、富马酸、马来酸和苯甲酸的盐。
药学上可接受的盐还包括常规碱的盐,诸如例如和优选碱金属盐(例如钠盐和钾盐)、碱土金属盐(例如钙盐和镁盐)和衍生自氨或有机胺的铵盐,诸如示例性地和优选乙胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、N,N-二异丙基乙胺、单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、二甲基氨基乙醇、二乙基氨基乙醇、普鲁卡因、二环己基胺、二苄基胺、N-甲基吗啉、N-甲基哌啶、精氨酸、赖氨酸和1,2-乙二胺的铵盐。
溶剂化物在本发明的上下文中被称为根据本发明的化合物的如下那些形式:其通过与溶剂分子的化学计量配位而形成固态或液态的络合物。水合物是溶剂化物的一种特殊形式,其中与水发生配位。水合物在本发明的上下文中是优选的溶剂化物。
通过不对称中心的性质或通过受限的旋转,本发明的化合物可以异构体(对映异构体、非对映异构体)的形式存在。可以存在其中不对称中心为(R)-、(S)-或(R,S)-构型的任何异构体。
无论是分离的、纯的、部分纯的或外消旋的混合物形式,本发明化合物的所有异构体都包括在本发明的范围内。所述异构体的提纯和所述异构体混合物的分离可以通过本领域已知的标准技术来完成。例如,可以通过色谱或结晶将非对映异构体混合物分离成单独的异构体,或可以通过在手性相上的色谱或通过拆分将外消旋体分离成各自的对映异构体。
另外,根据本发明,包括上述化合物的所有可能的互变异构形式。
本发明还包括根据本发明的化合物的所有合适的同位素变体。根据本发明的化合物的同位素变体应理解为意指其中根据本发明的化合物内的至少一个原子已被替换成原子序数相同、但原子质量不同于通常或主要发生在自然界中的原子质量的另一原子的化合物。可以掺入根据本发明的化合物的同位素的实例是氢、碳、氮、氧、氟、氯、溴和碘的那些,例如2H (氘)、3H (氚)、13C、14C、15N、17O、18O、18F、36Cl、82Br、123I、124I、129I和131I。根据本发明的化合物的特定同位素变体,特别是其中已掺入一种或多种放射性同位素的那些,可能是有益的,例如,用于检查作用机理或活性化合物在体内的分布。由于比较容易的可选性和可检测性,用3H或14C同位素标记的化合物尤其适合于此目的。另外,同位素的掺入,例如氘的掺入可能由于化合物更高的代谢稳定性,例如体内半衰期的延长或所需活性剂量的减少而导致特别的治疗益处。因此,在某些情况下,根据本发明的化合物的这样的修饰也构成本发明的优选实施方案。根据本发明的化合物的同位素变体可以通过本领域技术人员已知的方法,例如通过以下描述的方法和在工作实施例中描述的方法,通过使用其中特定试剂和/或起始化合物的相应同位素修饰体来制备。
除非另有说明,否则在必要时用于偶联反应的合适的碱特别是碱金属碳酸盐(诸如碳酸钠、碳酸钾或碳酸铯)、碱金属磷酸盐(诸如磷酸钠或磷酸钾)或碱金属氟化物(诸如氟化钾或氟化铯)。通常,这些碱作为水溶液使用。反应在反应条件下呈惰性的有机溶剂中进行。优选地,使用与水混溶的有机溶剂,诸如1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧杂环己烷、乙腈、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)或二甲基亚砜(DMSO),但是也可以使用其它惰性溶剂,诸如二氯甲烷或甲苯。
除非另有说明,否则在必要时适合于工艺步骤的缩合剂包括例如碳二亚胺(诸如N,N'-二乙基-、N,N'-二丙基-、N,N'-二异丙基、N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)或N-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-N'-乙基碳二亚胺(EDC))、光气衍生物(诸如N,N'-羰基二咪唑(CDI)或氯甲酸异丁酯)、α-氯烯胺(诸如1-氯-2-甲基-1-二甲基氨基-1-丙烯)、磷化合物(诸如丙烷膦酸酐、氰基膦酸二乙酯、双(2-氧代-3-噁唑烷基)磷酰氯、苯并三唑-1-基氧基三(二甲基氨基)鏻六氟磷酸盐(BOP)或苯并三唑-1-基氧基-三(吡咯烷子基)鏻六氟磷酸盐(PyBOP))和脲鎓化合物(诸如O-(苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲鎓四氟硼酸盐(TBTU)、O-(苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲鎓六氟磷酸盐(HBTU)、2-(2-氧代-1-(2H)-吡啶基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基脲鎓四氟硼酸盐(TPTU)、O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基) -N,N,N',N'四甲基脲鎓六氟磷酸盐(HATU)或O-(1H-6-氯苯并三唑-1-基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基脲鎓四氟硼酸盐(TCTU)),如果合适,其与其它助剂(诸如1-羟基-苯并三唑(HOBt)或N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(HOSu))和/或碱(诸如碱金属碳酸盐(例如碳酸钠或碳酸钾)或有机胺碱(诸如三乙胺、N-甲基哌啶、N-甲基吗啉(NMM)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA)、吡啶或4-N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶(DMAP)))组合使用。优选使用与N,N -二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA)和任选地1-羟基苯并三唑(HOBt)组合的O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲鎓六氟磷酸盐(HATU)或O-(苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲鎓四氟硼酸盐(TBTU)。
除非另有说明,否则(在必要时)用于方法的可接受的惰性溶剂为例如醚(诸如乙醚、叔丁基甲基醚、四氢呋喃(THF)、1,4-二氧杂环己烷或1,2-二甲氧基乙烷)、烃类(诸如苯、甲苯、二甲苯、己烷或环己烷)、卤代烃类(诸如二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、1,2-二氯乙烷、三氯乙烯或氯苯)、或其它溶剂(诸如丙酮、乙腈、乙酸乙酯、吡啶、二甲亚砜(DMSO)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N'-二甲基亚丙基脲 (DMPU)或N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP))。也可以使用这些溶剂的混合物。优选使用二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或其混合物。
实施例
缩写与首字母缩略词:
Ac 乙酰基
Ac2O 乙酸酐
AcOH 乙酸
aq. 水(溶液)
Boc 叔丁氧基羰基
br. 宽峰(1H-NMR信号)
Bu 丁基
cat. 催化的
conc. 浓缩的
d 双峰(1H-NMR信号)
DBDMH 1,3-二溴-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲
DCI 直接化学电离(MS)
DCM 二氯甲烷
Dess-Martin periodinane 1,1,1-三乙酰氧基-1,1-二氢-1,2-苯碘酰-3(1H)-酮
DIPEA N,N-二异丙基乙胺
DMF N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DMSO 二甲亚砜
EI 电子碰撞电离(MS)
eq. 当量
ESI 电喷雾电离(MS)
Et 乙基
EtOAc 乙酸乙酯
GC-MS 气相色谱-质谱联用
h 小时
Hal 卤素
1H-NMR 质子核磁共振光谱
HPLC 高效液相色谱
iPr 异丙基
LC-MS 液相色谱-质谱联用
Me 甲基
MeOH 甲醇
min 分钟
MS 质谱
m/z 质荷比(MS)
NBS N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺
n-Bu 正丁基
NCS N-氯代琥珀酰亚胺
of th. 理论值的(化学收率)
Pd/C 碳载钯
PdCl2(dppf) [1,1'-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯钯(II)
Pd(dba)2 双(二亚苄基丙酮)钯
Ph 苯基
PPA 多聚磷酸
q 四重峰(1H-NMR信号)
quant. 定量(收率)
rac 外消旋的
Rf TLC保留因子
RP 反相(HPLC)
rt 室温
Rt 保留时间(HPLC)
s 单峰(1H-NMR信号)
sat. 饱和(溶液)
t 三重峰(1H-NMR信号)
TBAF 四正丁基氟化铵
TBDMS 叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基
TBTU N-[(1H-苯并三唑-1-基氧基)(二甲基氨基)亚甲基]
-N-甲基甲铵四氟硼酸盐
tBu 叔丁基
tert 叔的
TFA 三氟乙酸
THF 四氢呋喃
TLC 薄层色谱。
LCMS (方法1):HSST3
仪器:Waters ACQUITY SQD UPLC系统;柱:Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 1.8 µm50 x 1 mm;洗脱剂A:1 l水+ 0.25 ml99%甲酸,洗脱剂B:1 l乙腈+ 0.25 ml 99%甲酸;梯度:0.0 min90%A→1.2 min 5%A→2.0 min 5%A; 流速:0.40 ml/min;UV检测:208 -400 nm。
LCMS (方法2):MHZ-QP-Gold
仪器:Micromass Quattro Premier mit Waters UPLC Acquity系统;柱:ThermoHypersil GOLD 1.9 µ 50 x 1 mm;洗脱剂A:1 l水+ 0.5 ml 50%甲酸,洗脱剂B:1 l乙腈+0.5 ml 50%甲酸;梯度:0.0 min 97%A→0.5 min 97%A→3.2 min 5%A→4.0 min 5%A烘箱:50℃;流速:0.3 ml/min;UV检测:210 nm。
LCMS (方法3):MCW-FT-MS-M1
仪器:Thermo Scientific FT-MS UHPLC +系统; Thermo Scientific UltiMate3000;柱:Waters,HSST3,2.1 x 75 mm, C18 1.8 µm;洗脱剂A:1 l水+ 0.01%甲酸;洗脱剂B:1 l乙腈+ 0.01%甲酸;梯度:0.0 min 10%B→2.5 min 95%B→3.5 min 95%B;烘箱:50℃; 流速:0.90 ml/min;UV检测:210 nm /最佳积分路径210-300 nm。
LCMS (方法4):MCW_SQ-HSST3_LONG
仪器:Waters ACQUITY SQD UPLC系统;柱:Waters Acquity UPLC HSS T3 1.8 µ50 x 1 mm;洗脱剂A:1 l水+ 0.25 ml 99%甲酸,洗脱剂B:1 l乙腈+ 0.25 ml 99%甲酸;梯度:0.0 min 95%A→6.0 min 5%A→7.5 min 5%A 烘箱:50℃; 流速:0.35 ml/min;UV检测:210 - 400 nm。
GCMS (方法1):DSQ-II
仪器:Thermo Scientific DSQII,Thermo Scientific Trace GC Ultra系统;柱:Restek RTX-35MS, 15 m x 200 µm x 0.33 µm;恒定氦流量:1.20 ml/min;烤箱:60℃;入口:220℃;梯度:60℃,30℃/min→300℃(保持时间3.33 min)。
HPLC方法1:
系统:配有梯度泵、UV检测器&连接有数据记录仪和积分软件的高效液相色谱仪;柱:Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18 (150mm*3mm, 3.5µm);流量:0.5 mL/min;柱温:30℃;注射体积10µL,检测226 nm,运行时间:30 min;流动相A:在1L mili-Q水中的1.15g NH4H2PO4和1.16g H3PO4 (85%);流动相B:乙腈;梯度:
实施例1
3-(甲氧基羰基)-4-(3-噻吩基)丁-3-烯甲酸(XIII)
将256kg的琥珀酸二甲酯最初加入296L甲醇中。在从25-40℃的温度经2h的时段添加332kgNaOMe(在MeOH中30%)。将反应混合物加热至65-70℃,并经4h的时段添加98.5kg噻吩-3-甲醛在20L甲醇中的溶液。将混合物进一步搅拌2h,并随后冷却至30-35℃。在<55℃在减压下蒸馏掉溶剂(残余体积约400L)。将混合物冷却至10-30℃,并添加296L甲苯和788L水。分离各相,并用浓盐酸将水相调节至1-3之间的pH。将水相用总共789 L甲苯萃取另外三次,并将合并的有机相用98.5kg NaCl在493 L水中的溶液洗涤。在<60℃在减压下蒸馏掉溶剂,并将197L甲苯在35-40℃添加到残留物中。将混合物冷却至–5℃并过滤。滤渣用49L甲苯和197L己烷洗涤,然后在45-50℃在减压下干燥。以65%收率获得128.9kg的3。
类似于以上程序—但规模较小—制备的来自实验室实验的粗产物另外根据以下分析表征方法进行提纯:
将90ml甲苯中的45g粗产物在40℃搅拌1h,随后经2 h的时段冷却至-5℃,并在过滤器上分离。将滤渣进一步用冷甲苯和己烷洗涤,并在真空干燥箱中在40℃干燥。获得25.6g(XIII)并表征:
1H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ ppm 3.53 (s, 2H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 7.31 (dd,J=4.95, 1.10 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (dd, J=4.95, 2.93 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d,J=2.57 Hz, 1H), 12.53 (br s, 1H)
LCMS (方法3): Rt = 1.27 min;MS (ESIpos): m/z = 227 (M+H)+。
实施例2
7-乙酰氧基-1-苯并噻吩-5-甲酸甲酯(XII)
将73.1kg(XIII)最初加入731L甲苯中,并添加115.5kg乙酸酐和32.2kg乙酸钠。将反应混合物加热至70-75℃保持7h。在25-30℃添加366L水,并分离各相,并将有机相用366L水洗涤。将有机相在<60℃在减压下浓缩直至残余体积为300-360L。粗产物在下一阶段用作溶液。
分析表征在来自以下实验室程序的样品上进行:
将204 g中间体(XIII)最初加入720mL甲苯中,并添加230g乙酸酐和89g乙酸钠。将反应混合物加热至70-75℃保持7h。冷却后,将反应混合物过滤,将滤液用1L水洗涤并分离各相。有机相用1L饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤。在<60℃在减压下浓缩有机相,并添加2×200mL乙醇,并将混合物再次浓缩。获得202g粗产物4,并且可以将其不经进一步提纯即用于下一阶段。
从50mL二异丙醚中重结晶10g粗产物,并在干燥箱中在40℃干燥。
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ ppm 2.41 (s, 3H), 3.91 (s, 3H), 7.70 (d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7.95 (d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H), 8.46 (s, 1H)
LCMS (方法4): Rt = 2.72 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z = 251 (M+H)+。
实施例3
7-羟基-1-苯并噻吩-5-甲酸(XI)
在25-30℃将146 L甲醇和292L水添加到(XII)的浓缩粗品溶液中,并在<45℃经1.5h的时段添加77.5kg NaOH在366L水中的溶液。将反应混合物加热至50-55℃保持5h。分离各相,并将水相进一步用73L水稀释。在10-15℃用半浓硫酸将水相酸化至pH 2-3,然后再加热至40-45℃保持另外1h。经2h的时段缓慢冷却至25-30℃后,将产物在离心过滤器上分离,并用219L水洗涤。在60-65℃在温热的空气干燥器中干燥后,获得57.5kg中间体(XI)(收率:92%)。
分析表征在来自以下实验室程序的样品上进行:
在室温将2.0g的4最初加入15mL乙醇和5mL THF中,并添加20mL氢氧化钠水溶液(2摩尔)。将混合物加热至50℃保持3h,然后添加50mL乙酸乙酯和10mL甲苯。分离各相,并将水相用3.6g半浓硫酸酸化。将混悬液冷却至0℃并过滤。用水洗涤滤渣,并在真空干燥箱中在40℃干燥。获得1.4g(90%)的(XI)并表征:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ ppm 2.50 (dt, J=3.55, 1.77 Hz, 1H), 2.54(s, 1H) 3.32 (s, 3H), 7.33 (d, J=1.10 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H), 7.79(d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H), 8.00 (d, J=1.34 Hz, 1H), 10.64 (s, 1H), 12.79 (s, 1H)
LCMS (方法1): Rt = 0.67 min; MS (ESI neg): m/z = 194 (M-H)。
实施例4
7-甲氧基-1-苯并噻吩-5-甲酸甲酯(X)
方法A:
将61.0kg中间体(XI)最初加入244L丙酮中,并添加427L甲苯和130.2kgK2CO3。将混悬液加热至50-60℃,并经1h的时段添加79.2kg硫酸二甲酯。将混合物在这一温度搅拌另外8h,然后在85℃蒸馏掉溶剂,直至没有进一步馏出物通过。
冷却至25-30℃后,添加610L水,并分离各相。用244L甲苯萃取水相,将合并的有机相用305L水洗涤,并在60℃在减压下蒸馏掉溶剂。粗产物(X)不经进一步提纯即用于下一阶段。
方法B:
将18.5g中间体(XV)最初加入220mL2-丁酮中,并添加18.4g碳酸钾,且将混合物在室温搅拌5min。然后添加8.4mL硫酸二甲酯,并将混合物在室温搅拌5h。向该混悬液中添加26.7mL28%氨溶液、220mL水和220mL甲基叔丁基醚,并将混合物搅拌1h。分离各相,并用3×220mL甲基叔丁基醚萃取水相。将合并的有机相经硫酸钠干燥,并在40℃在减压下浓缩。以定量收率获得中间体(X)。
为了进行分析表征,将来自多个实验室实验的合并的样品通过制备型色谱进行提纯并表征:
将11.4g粗产物(X)通过色谱方式在大约370g硅胶上使用正庚烷和乙酸乙酯(95:5至90:10)提纯。通过浓缩主要级分获得7.4g的6,并进行分析表征:
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ ppm 3.91 (s, 3H), 4.03 (s, 3H), 7.40 (s,1H), 7.61 (d, J=5.26 Hz, 1H), 7.88 (d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H), 8.19 (s, 1H)
GCMS (方法1): Rt = 6.51 min; MS: m/z = 222 (M)+。
实施例5
(7-甲氧基-1-苯并噻吩-5-基)甲醇(IX)
将来自前一阶段的粗产物(X)溶解在244LTHF中,并经3h的时段在25-30℃添加双(2-甲氧基乙氧基)二氢铝钠(Red-Al®)在甲苯中的60%溶液(159kg)。将反应混合物搅拌另外3h,冷却至0-5℃,随后在<25℃用61.0kg NaOH在610L水中的溶液水解。然后在25-30℃添加122L甲苯,分离各相,并用305L甲苯萃取水相。将合并的有机相用61kg NaCl在305L水中的溶液洗涤,并在60℃在减压下浓缩。中间体(IX)不经进一步提纯用于随后的阶段。
根据以下程序制备用于分析表征的样品:
将26.3g(X)溶解在230mLTHF中,并经10min的时段在10-20℃添加25.2mL的2.4摩尔氢化铝锂在THF中的溶液。将反应混合物搅拌另外1h,随后在冰浴中用84mL盐酸水溶液(1M)水解。
添加130mL甲基叔丁基醚,并用80mL盐酸水溶液(2M)调节至pH1。分离水相,并用甲基叔丁基醚萃取。将合并的有机相用50mL的5%盐水溶液洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥并在减压下浓缩。残余物通过在900g硅胶上的制备型色谱提纯(洗脱剂:正庚烷: 乙酸乙酯70:30至65:35)。获得18.5g(92%)的产物(IX),为油状物。
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ ppm 3.95 (s, 3H), 4.61 (d, J=5.75 Hz, 2H),5.25 (t, J=5.75 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (s, 1H), 7.37 - 7.45 (m, 2H) 7.70 (d, J=5.26Hz, 1H)
GCMS (方法1): Rt = 6.45 min; MS: m/z = 194 (M)+。
实施例6
5-(氯甲基)-1-苯并噻吩-7-基甲基醚(VIII)
将中间体(IX)在852L甲苯中加热至50-55℃,并经90min的时段添加609L浓HCl水溶液。将混合物搅拌另外6h,然后冷却至25-30℃。分离各相,并将有机相添加到54.8kgNaHCO3在609L水中的溶液中。分离有机相,用在304L水中的61kg NaCl洗涤,并添加60.9kgNa2SO4。过滤混悬液,并用61L甲苯洗涤滤饼。在<60℃在减压下蒸馏掉溶剂,将(VIII)不经进一步提纯即用于下一阶段。
根据以下程序制备用于分析表征的样品:
在室温将6.3mL亚硫酰氯添加到在210mL甲苯中的14.0g中间体(IX)中,并将混合物搅拌2h。将反应混合物在60℃在减压下浓缩,再添加两次甲苯,每次150ml,并将混合物浓缩。
将残余物摄取入230mL甲基叔丁基醚和150mL水中。添加30mL 10%盐水溶液,并用15mL饱和NaHCO3水溶液中和该混合物。有机相用30mL 10%盐水溶液洗涤,并在减压下浓缩。为了干燥,将残余物用少量乙酸乙酯处理两次并浓缩。获得14.20g (93%)产物(VIII),为油状物。
GCMS (方法 1): Rt = 6.29 min; MS: m/z = 212 (M)+。
实施例7
7-甲氧基-5-甲基-1-苯并噻吩(VII)
将来自前一阶段的粗产物(VIII)溶解在304L THF中,并在20-35℃经4h的时段添加双(2-甲氧基乙氧基)二氢铝钠(Red-Al®)在甲苯中的60%溶液(237.5kg)。将反应混合物搅拌另外2h,冷却至0-5℃,并随后在<25℃缓慢添加91.3kg NaOH在913L水中的溶液。然后在25-30℃添加122L甲苯,分离各相,并用304L甲苯萃取水相。将合并的有机相用60.9kgNaCl在305L水中的溶液洗涤,并在60℃在减压下浓缩。粗产物通过在高真空下在125-160℃分馏来提纯。获得34.3kg中间体(VII)。
HPLC (方法1): 面积%: 99.56% VII; 含量: 99.9重量%。
实施例8
(7-甲氧基-5-甲基-1-苯并噻吩-2-基)硼酸(VI)
将357L THF冷却至-68至-80℃,并在该温度添加118.2kg正丁基锂(在己烷中2.5M)。随后将混合物进一步冷却至-73至-80℃。
在另一个反应容器中,将51.0kg(VII)溶解在87L THF中,并缓慢地添加到先前制备的高度冷却的正丁基锂溶液中。然后将反应混合物在较低温度搅拌另外30min,并然后在-70至-80℃添加109L硼酸三异丙酯。30min后,在<10℃添加在102L水中的20.9kg KOH。然后将混合物进一步用663L水稀释,并在20-30℃分离有机相。
将水相用153L甲苯洗涤3次,冷却至0至5℃,并用半浓硫酸缓慢酸化至pH 2-3。在0至-5℃ 3h后,将混合物过滤,并将滤渣用510L水洗涤。将潮湿的滤饼在40-45℃悬浮在510L环己烷中,在20-35℃通过过滤分离,并在过滤器上用255L环己烷洗涤。
将产物在真空干燥箱中在40-45℃干燥。获得64.8kg (VI),其水含量为大约10%至15%。
HPLC (方法1) 面积%: 99.01% VI, 0.97% VII; 含量: 88.6重量%。
根据与上述相同的程序生产用于NMR表征的样品,但在较小的实验室规模上:
1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ ppm 2.43 (s, 3 H), 3.93 (s, 3 H), 6.77 (s,1 H), 7.29 (s, 1 H), 7.86 (s, 1 H), 8.44 (s, 2 H)
替代合成中间体。
实施例9
7-羟基-1-苯并噻吩-5-甲酸甲酯(XV)
将22.6g中间体(X)最初加入560mL乙醇中,并添加13.7g K2CO3。将混悬液加热至回流保持4h,并随后在40℃在减压下浓缩。
将560mL水和560mL甲基叔丁基醚添加到残留物中,并用2M HCl水溶液将pH调节至2-3。分离各相,并将水相用3×230mL甲基叔丁基醚萃取。将合并的有机相经硫酸钠干燥,并在40℃在减压下浓缩。以定量收率获得18.8g中间体(XV)。
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ ppm 3.87 (s, 3H), 7.34 (d, J=0.98 Hz, 1H),7.55 (d, J=5.26 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H), 8.03 (d, J=1.10 Hz, 1H),10.73 (s, 1H)
LCMS (方法3): Rt = 1.52 min; MS (ESI pos): m/z = 209 (M+H)+。
实施例10
5-(羟甲基)-1-苯并噻酚-7-酚(XVI)
将25.0g中间体(XI)最初加入250mL四氢呋喃中,并在15-20℃经1.5h的时段添加双(2-甲氧基乙氧基)二氢铝钠(Red-Al®)在甲苯中的60%溶液(117.1g)。将反应混合物搅拌另外20h,冷却至5-10℃,并随后缓慢添加300mL 2M盐酸水溶液和100mL水。添加350mL甲基叔丁基醚,并且将混合物与另外100mL甲基叔丁基醚一起经硅藻土过滤。分离各相,并将水相用2×60mL甲基叔丁基醚萃取。将合并的有机相用50mL水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,并在35℃在减压下浓缩。获得18.4g中间体(XVI)。
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ ppm 4.53 (d, J=5.75 Hz, 2H), 5.16 (t, J=5.75 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (s, 1H), 7.27 (s, 1H), 7.35 (d, J=5.26 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (d, J=5.26 Hz, 1H), 10.19 (s, 1H)
LCMS (方法1): Rt = 0.58 min; MS (ESI pos): m/z = 179 (M-H)-。
Claims (23)
1.制备式(VI)化合物的方法:
包括下列步骤:
步骤5:
其中通过将式(VII)化合物溶解在惰性溶剂THF中并添加正丁基锂溶液和硼酸三异丙基酯,使式(VII)化合物
反应,
由此提供式(VI)化合物:
所述式(VII)化合物:
通过下列步骤4制备:
其中在惰性溶剂存在下,所述惰性溶剂选自二氧杂环己烷、Me-THF、CPME、MTBE、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、环己烷和THF,使式(X)化合物:
与一种或多种还原剂反应,所述还原剂选自双(2-甲氧基-乙氧基)二氢铝钠溶液、具有催化剂的氢、LAH、硼烷和硅烷,由此提供式(IX)化合物:
并在溶剂存在下使式(IX)化合物与HCl水溶液反应,所述溶剂选自二氧杂环己烷、Me-THF、CPME、MTBE、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、环己烷和THF,由此提供式(VIII)化合物:
并使式(VIII)化合物与一种或多种还原剂反应,所述还原剂选自双(2-甲氧基-乙氧基)二氢铝钠溶液、具有催化剂的氢、LAH、硼烷和硅烷,由此提供式(VII)化合物。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中步骤4中的用于式(X)的反应的所述惰性溶剂为THF,且用于式(IX)的反应的所述溶剂为甲苯。
3.根据权利要求1的方法,其中步骤4中的用于式(X)的反应的所述还原剂为双(2-甲氧基-乙氧基)二氢铝钠溶液,且用于式(IX)的反应的所述还原剂为双(2-甲氧基-乙氧基)二氢铝钠溶液。
5.根据权利要求4的方法,其中所述甲基化试剂选自硫酸二甲酯和碘甲烷。
6.根据权利要求5的方法,其中所述甲基化试剂为硫酸二甲酯。
7.根据权利要求4的方法,其中所述溶剂为丙酮和甲苯的混合物。
9.根据权利要求8的方法,其中所述碱为氢氧化钠水溶液。
10.根据权利要求8的方法,其中所述强质子酸为H2SO4。
12.根据权利要求11的方法,其中所述甲基化试剂为硫酸二甲酯。
14.根据权利要求13的方法,其中所述脱水剂选自乙酸酐、三氟乙酸酐和氯甲酸甲酯。
15.根据权利要求14的方法,其中所述脱水剂为乙酸酐。
16.根据权利要求13的方法,其中所述碱选自乙酸钠和乙酸钾。
17.根据权利要求16的方法,其中所述碱为乙酸钠。
19.根据权利要求18的方法,其中所述碱为甲醇钠。
20.根据权利要求18的方法,其中所述溶剂为甲醇。
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