CN110122022A - A kind of light simple N application method of the rice based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of light simple N application method of the rice based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of light simple N application methods of rice based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer.This method comprises: nitrogenous fertilizer is divided into base manure or tillering fertilizer and ear manuer 2 times applications, applicating ratio is 4:6, wherein transplanting rice applies base manure before rice transplanting, Direct-seeding Rice applies tillering fertilizer in the rice 4-5 leaf phase, and transplanting rice and Direct-seeding Rice apply ear manuer in the rice young panicle Primary branch idiophase.Light simple N application method provided by the invention, compared with peasant habit applies nitrogen method, the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is reduced, and yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer significantly improve；Compared with rice three controls fertilizer practice (high-yield and high-efficiency N application method), the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer, yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer are without significant difference, but fertilizer application frequency is reduced 1-2 times, and dart transfer is easy to operate, are easily the receiving of vast rice farmer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Rice Cropping technical field of fertilizer application, and in particular to nitrogen is applied in a kind of light letter of rice based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer
Method.
Background technique
Nitrogen is to influence the most key one of the nutrient of rice yield.However, peasant is universal due to the high yield that covets
Excessive applied nitrogen is made China become nitrogenous fertilizer in the world and is disappeared using " one bombards " or the mode of planning strategies for of weight base fetilizer for tillering, light fringe granulated fertilizer
Consumption is big and Rice Production big country that utilization rate is low, had both influenced increasing production of rice, and had wasted manure resources, and lead to the deterioration of the ecological environment
The problems such as.For this purpose, in recent ten years, China's researcher has developed several nitrogen fertilizer for paddy rice optimizations not only lost weight but also increased production and improved productivity
Application technique, such as Precise and quantitative N application technology, live-fire testing, three controls fertilizer practice (DB44/T 969-2011).
But these technologies are mostly cooperated with base manure and top dressing several times, top dressing often, is generally required and is applied fertilizer 3-4 times, including base manure,
Tillering fertilizer, ear manuer and granulated fertilizer etc., time-consuming and laborious, labor cost is high, influences kind of a rice economic benefit.The ratio of base fetilizer for tillering and fringe granulated fertilizer
Example is generally 5:5-7:3.On the other hand, labor shortage and it is of poor benefits to plant rice is the weight faced in China's agricultural production at this stage
Hang-up.This requires we must take into account rice high yield efficiently and save labor.Therefore, guaranteeing that rice high yield and nitrogenous fertilizer are high
While effect, it is further simplified nitrogen fertilizer applying method, is the important channel for coping with rural laborer's shortage problem and cost-saving synergistic.
Novel slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer is achieved the light letter fertilising of rice, and some is disposably applied as base manure, and some is matched
Instant nitrogenousfertilizer is closed to apply by several times.As Chinese patent literature CN105660022A discloses a kind of " secondary fertilising side of rice high efficient
Method ", this method select the proportion nitrogenous fertilizer of+60% slow-release fertilizer of 40% urea, make base manure and ear manuer application, ratio 60%- respectively
70% and 30%-40%, but base manure still needs to apply in two times under the conditions of deep ploughing, ear manuer is primary or secondary application, practical operation
It is still cumbersome.In addition, slow/controlled release fertilizer price is much higher than common instant nitrogenousfertilizer, fertilizer cost is high.In rice actual production, agriculture
People's preference applies instant nitrogenousfertilizer to save cost.Currently, the only a small amount of research of light letter application about rice instant nitrogenousfertilizer.As in
State patent document CN102523811A discloses " the chemical nitrogen fertilizer method of administration under the conditions of crop no-tillage cultivation ", by urea and sulphur
Complex compound is formed after two kinds of sour ammonium chemical instant nitrogenousfertilizers and crosslinking agent complexing, is applied sowing or transplanting first 1 day, to reach feeding
The purpose for dividing sustained release need to additionally increase cost, operation is also inconvenient, and only by chemical reagent although reducing fertilizer application frequency
For no-tillage cultivation rice, it is not suitable for accounting for the most of conventional farming rice of rice field area.Chinese patent literature
CN104145587A " a kind of south double cropping paddy rice efficiently utilize the fertilizing method of nitrogenous fertilizer " provides a kind of early rice nitrogenous fertilizer and divides base manure
The administered twice method with tillering fertilizer, ratio 7:3, but nitrogenous fertilizer are all used as base manure and tillering fertilizer to apply, with rice to nitrogen
Demand rule it is inconsistent, cause yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer relatively low.
Above method cannot take into account requirement of the rice high yield efficiently with reduction fertilizing frequency comprehensively.Explore instant nitrogenousfertilizer
Gently letter method of administration reduces fertilizer application frequency under the premise of guaranteeing that rice high yield and High Efficient nitrogen utilize, to reduction recruitment cost
It is of great significance with kind of a rice benefit is improved.
Summary of the invention
For fertilizer application frequency present on existing nitrogenous fertilizer optimization application technique, more, labour puts into more and slow/controlled release fertilizer
The problems such as fertilizer cost is high, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of light simple N application methods of rice based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer.
N application method provided by the invention, can be quick-acting to rice on the basis ofs considering Different Ways of Planting, kind etc.
Nitrogen application carries out Rational Simplification, can ensure rice high yield and High Efficient nitrogen and fertilizer application frequency, reduce labour at
Sheet and fertilizer cost improve kind of a rice benefit.Therefore, gently simple N application method has significant social economy to rice provided by the invention
Benefit.
Gently simple N application method is a kind of reductions nitrogen application number, reduction production cost and simultaneously to rice provided by the invention
Realize the efficient instant nitrogenousfertilizer method of administration of rice high yield.
The purpose of the present invention is realized at least through one of following technical solution.
The light simple N application method of a kind of rice based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, comprising: for transplanting rice, nitrogenous fertilizer is divided into base manure and fringe
2 applications of fertilizer；For Direct-seeding Rice, nitrogenous fertilizer is divided into tillering fertilizer and ear manuer 2 times applications.
Further, for transplanting rice, the mass ratio of the base manure and ear manuer amount of application is 4:6, i.e. nitrogenous fertilizer presses base
Fertilizer accounts for 60% application that the 40% of the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer, ear manuer accounts for the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer；For Direct-seeding Rice, the tillering fertilizer and ear manuer
The mass ratio of amount of application is 4:6, i.e. nitrogenous fertilizer accounts for the 40% of the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer, ear manuer by tillering fertilizer and accounts for the 60% of the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer
Application.
Further, for transplanting rice, the base manure is applied before rice transplanting；For Direct-seeding Rice, the tiller
Fertilizer is applied in paddy growth to 4-5 leaf phase；Either transplanting rice or Direct-seeding Rice, the ear manuer is in rice young panicle primary tiller
Obstruct idiophase application.
Further, for transplanting rice, the basal fertilizer applying method can be applied in site preparation, keep fertilizer and soil mixed
Close uniformly, keep shallow water (such as 1-3 centimetres of water depth) to rice transplanting, can also the top application before transplanting, using manually spreading fertilizer over the fields
Or machinery is spread fertilizer over the fields；For Direct-seeding Rice, the tillering fertilizer method of administration is in paddy growth to 4-5 leaf phase, in conjunction with irrigation top application
Nitrogenous fertilizer uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields fertilizer in rice field.
Further, the ear manuer be no matter for transplanting rice or Direct-seeding Rice, it is primary to young fringe in paddy growth
The branch stalk idiophase uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields fertilizer in rice field in conjunction with nitrogen topdressing is irrigated.
Further, the nitrogenous fertilizer is instant nitrogenousfertilizer, including but not limited to urea, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and compound fertilizer.
Further, the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is according to Guangdong Province's provincial standard " rice three controls fertilizer practice regulation " (DB44/T
969-2011) determine.
In method provided by the invention, in addition to nitrogen application, variety selection, planting density, phosphate fertilizer and Potassium Fertilizer, irrigation
It is carried out according to Guangdong Province's provincial standard " rice three controls fertilizer practice regulation " (DB44/T 969-2011) with the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Light simple N application method provided by the invention is suitable for a variety of Rice Cropping modes, including transplanting rice and Direct-seeding Rice.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that and the utility model has the advantages that
(1) the light simple N application method of rice provided by the invention, only need to divide 2 applied nitrogens, simple and easy to do；With peasant habit
It applies nitrogen method to compare, the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is reduced, and yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer significantly improve；With high-yield and high-efficiency N application method rice three
Control fertilizer practice is compared, and the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer, yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer are without significant difference, but fertilizer application frequency is reduced 1-2 times, is saved
Work is time saving, and economic benefit is improved；
(2) the light simple N application method of rice provided by the invention, using conventional instant nitrogenousfertilizer, fertilizer cost is lower than slow/controlled release
Fertilizer；
(3) gently simple N application method is applied widely for rice provided by the invention, and transplanting rice and Direct-seeding Rice can be used.
Specific embodiment
Specific implementation of the invention is described further with reference to embodiments, but implementation and protection of the invention is unlimited
In this.If being that those skilled in the art can refer to the prior art it is noted that there is the process of not special detailed description below
Realize or understand.
Quick-acting chemical fertilizer used in following embodiment are conventional commercial.Nitrogenous fertilizer used is urea (N >=46%) or fast U.S. is multiple
Hefei (N:P2O5:K2O=24%:7%:19%), potash fertilizer is potassium chloride (K2O >=60%), phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate (P205≥
12%).
The method that following embodiment uses field experiment, respectively at 2018 in Guangzhou, Guangdong Baiyun District, Guangzhou
Tianhe District, Lianjiang municipalization son town and the town Yangjiang City Ya Shao carry out, and used planting patterns includes transplanting rice and Direct-seeding Rice.Guangzhou
(113 ° of E, 23 ° of N) experimental field belong to maritime subtropical monsoon climate, annual rainfall 1500-2000mm, annual mean temperature in city
20-22℃；Lianjiang City (110 ° of E, 21 ° of N) experimental field belongs to subtropical monsoon climate, annual rainfall 1500-1700mm, and whole year puts down
Equal 22-23 DEG C of temperature；Yangjiang City (110 ° of E, 22 ° of N) experimental field belongs to subtropical monsoon climate, and annual rainfall 2345mm is annual
23 DEG C of temperature on average.Baiyun District, Guangzhou City experimental plot soil physico-chemical property are as follows: pH 5.95, organic matter 22.5g/kg, full nitrogen
1.29g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 58.0g/kg, available phosphorus 6.49g/kg, available potassium 47.0g/kg；Reported in Tianhe district of Guangzhou experimental plot soil
Physicochemical property are as follows: pH 6.60, organic matter 19.3g/kg, full nitrogen 1.14g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 92.1mg/kg, available phosphorus 25.8mg/
Kg, available potassium 171.9mg/kg；Lianjiang municipalization son town experimental plot is medium soil fertility level, and nitrogen-free area yield is 4050kg/hm2；
The town Yangjiang City Ya Shao experimental plot is low soil fertility level, and nitrogen-free area yield is 3000kg/hm2。
The Guangzhou testing site Liang Ge is transplanting rice, wherein Baiyun District testing site experimental cultivar is hybrid paddy rice day excellent 3618, early
Season was sowed March 8, and transplanting on April 9 harvested July 12；Late season was sowed July 21, transplanted within August 8th, October 29 received
It obtains；Tianhe District testing site experimental cultivar is five mountain of conventional Rice silk seedling, and sowing on July 25 is transplanted for August 13rd, and October 25 harvested.
Two testing sites of Lianjiang and Yangjiang City are Direct-seeding Rice, wherein Lianjiang City testing site experimental cultivar is hundred perfume (or spice) 139 of conventional Rice, August 1
Day sowing, artificial broadcast, 5 kilograms of mu sowing quantity, November 13 harvested；Yangjiang City testing site experimental cultivar is abundant for conventional Rice
It accounts for, sowing on July 27, artificial broadcast, 3.5 kilograms of mu sowing quantity, November 9 harvested.In addition to nitrogenous fertilizer, four testing site phosphate fertilizer and
Potassium Fertilizer and other cultivation managements control fertilizer practice with rice three, and keep one between different Nitrogen applications in same place
It causes.Following embodiment is mainly described in detail in terms of nitrogen application.
Embodiment 1
A kind of rice based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer gently simple N application method (in the Baiyun District, Guangzhou City town Zhong Luotan academy of agricultural sciences, Guangdong Province
Implement proving ground), include the following steps:
A. according to Guangdong Province's provincial standard " rice three controls fertilizer practice regulation " (DB44/T 969-2011), with pure nitrogen level
Meter, determines that early rice, the total dosage of late rice nitrogenous fertilizer are respectively 150kg/hm2、180kg/hm2；
B. because being transplanting rice, the nitrogenous fertilizer in step a is divided into base manure and ear manuer 2 times applications；
C. the ratio of base manure and ear manuer amount of application is 4:6 in step b, i.e., nitrogenous fertilizer is 60kg/hm as the amount of application of base manure2
(early rice) or 72kg/hm2(late rice), nitrogenous fertilizer are 90kg/hm as the amount of application of ear manuer2(early rice) or 108kg/hm2(late rice).
Base manure is manually spread fertilizer over the fields after crop field is turned over, before rice transplanting, and ear manuer is artificial in the rice young panicle Primary branch idiophase
It spreads fertilizer over the fields.Early rice children's fringe Primary branch idiophase, late rice children's fringe Primary branch idiophase was 30 days after transplanting 35 days after transplanting.
Nitrogenous fertilizer used by embodiment 1 is urea.
It is real among early rice, late rice maturity period, each cell respectively to cut 5m2Measure yield, and according to formula: nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully produces
Power (kg/kg)=yield/total amount of nitrogen, calculates and characterizes utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
As shown in table 1, table 1 is the rice yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer tables of data of different N application methods.According in embodiment 1
Light simple N application method operated: fertilizer application frequency is 2 times, and early rice yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer are respectively 8147kg/hm2With
54.3kg/kg, late rice yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer are respectively 6711kg/hm2And 37.3kg/kg.
Table 1
Note: different letters indicate not significant in 0.05 horizontal upper difference in same season same row.Data source is in 2018
Year Baiyun District, Guangzhou City early and late season test.
Embodiment 2
Gently simple N application method (is tested in reported in Tianhe district of Guangzhou Guangdong Province academy of agricultural sciences great Feng for a kind of rice based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer
Implement in base), include the following steps:
A. according to Guangdong Province's provincial standard " rice three controls fertilizer practice regulation " (DB44/T 969-2011), with pure nitrogen level
Meter determines that the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 165kg/hm2；
B. because being transplanting rice, the nitrogenous fertilizer in step a is divided into base manure and ear manuer 2 times applications；
C. the ratio of base manure and ear manuer amount of application is 4:6 in step b, i.e., nitrogenous fertilizer is 66kg/ as the amount of application of base manure
hm2, nitrogenous fertilizer is 99kg/hm as the amount of application of ear manuer2。
Base manure is manually spread fertilizer over the fields after crop field is turned over, before rice transplanting, ear manuer is moved in the rice young panicle Primary branch idiophase
It manually spreads fertilizer over the fields within 30 days after cultivation.
Nitrogenous fertilizer used by embodiment 2 is urea.
Maturity period cuts 5m in each cell in fact2Yield is measured, according to formula: nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully force of labor (kg/kg)=yield/total
Amount of nitrogen calculates and characterizes utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
As shown in table 2, table 2 is the rice yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer tables of data of different N application methods, according in embodiment 2
N application method operated: fertilizer application frequency be 2 times, rice yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer are respectively 7917kg/hm2With
47.8kg/kg。
Table 2
Note: different letters indicate not significant in 0.05 horizontal upper difference in same row." nitrogen is applied in the light letter of top dressing ahead of time " refer to
The present invention compares, and ear manuer imposes the time ahead of time to the internode idiophase under fringe；" postpone the light letter of top dressing and apply nitrogen " refers to compared with the present invention,
Ear manuer imposes time retardation to the young fringe formation stage of pistil and stamen；Data source was tested in reported in Tianhe district of Guangzhou evening quarterly test in 2018.
Embodiment 3
A kind of gently letter N application method (in implementation of Lianjiang municipalization son town Rice Production field) of the rice based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, including
Following steps:
A. according to Guangdong Province's provincial standard " rice three controls fertilizer practice regulation " (DB44/T 969-2011), with pure nitrogen level
Meter determines that the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 165kg/hm2；In view of Direct-seeding Rice sowing quantity is higher, the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer subtracts on this basis
10%, i.e. the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 150kg/hm2；
B. because being Direct-seeding Rice, the nitrogenous fertilizer in step a is divided into tillering fertilizer and ear manuer 2 times applications；
C. the ratio of tillering fertilizer and ear manuer amount of application is 4:6 in step b, i.e. nitrogenous fertilizer is as the amount of application of tillering fertilizer
60kg/hm2, nitrogenous fertilizer is 90kg/hm as the amount of application of ear manuer2。
Tillering fertilizer is manually spread fertilizer over the fields for that is, after planting 15 days in the 4 leaf phase of rice, ear manuer in the rice young panicle Primary branch idiophase,
It manually spreads fertilizer over the fields within i.e. after planting 60 days.
Nitrogenous fertilizer used by embodiment 3 is rice Kuai Mei compound fertilizer.
Maturity period cuts 15m among each cell in fact2Yield is measured, according to formula: nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully force of labor (kg/kg)=production
Amount/total amount of nitrogen, calculates and characterizes utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
As shown in table 3, table 3 is the rice yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer tables of data of different N application methods, according in embodiment 3
N application method operated: fertilizer application frequency be 2 times, rice yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer are respectively 6822kg/hm2With
45.5kg/kg。
Table 3
Note: different letters indicate not significant in 0.05 horizontal upper difference in same row；Data source was in Lianjiang evening in 2018
Quarterly test is tested.
Embodiment 4
A kind of gently letter N application method (in implementation of the town Yangjiang City Ya Shao Rice Production field) of the rice based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, including
Following steps:
A. according to Guangdong Province's provincial standard " rice three controls fertilizer practice regulation " (DB44/T 969-2011), with pure nitrogen level
Meter determines that the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 150kg/hm2；In view of Direct-seeding Rice sowing quantity is higher, the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer subtracts on this basis
10%, i.e. the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 135kg/hm2；
B. because being Direct-seeding Rice, the nitrogenous fertilizer in step a is divided into tillering fertilizer and ear manuer 2 times applications；
C. the ratio of tillering fertilizer and ear manuer amount of application is 4:6 in step b, i.e. nitrogenous fertilizer is as the amount of application of tillering fertilizer
54kg/hm2, nitrogenous fertilizer is 81kg/hm as the amount of application of ear manuer2。
Tillering fertilizer is manually spread fertilizer over the fields for that is, after planting 15 days in the 4 leaf phase of rice, ear manuer in the rice young panicle Primary branch idiophase,
It manually spreads fertilizer over the fields within i.e. after planting 60 days.
Nitrogenous fertilizer used by embodiment 4 is urea.
Maturity period cuts 15m among each cell in fact2Yield is measured, according to formula: nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully force of labor (kg/kg)=production
Amount/total amount of nitrogen, calculates and characterizes utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
As shown in table 4, table 4 is the rice yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer tables of data of different N application methods, according in embodiment 4
N application method operated: fertilizer application frequency be 2 times, rice yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer are respectively 6105kg/hm2With
45.2kg/kg。
Table 4
Note: different letters indicate not significant in 0.05 horizontal upper difference in same row；Data source was in Yangjiang evening in 2018
Quarterly test is tested.
Comparative example 1
A kind of peasant habit N application method (implementing in the Baiyun District, Guangzhou City town Zhong Luotan academy of agricultural sciences, Guangdong Province proving ground),
Steps are as follows:
A. it is accustomed to N application method according to Guangzhou local farmers, with purity nitrogen meter, early rice, the total dosage of late rice nitrogenous fertilizer are respectively
180kg/hm2、210kg/hm2, represent local most farmers nitrogen amount applied.
B. the nitrogenous fertilizer in step a divides base manure, fertilizer of turning green, promotees fetilizer for tillering and long 4 applications of thick fertilizer.
C. base manure in step b, fertilizer of turning green, to promote fetilizer for tillering and the ratio of long thick fertile amount of application be 3:2:3:2, i.e., nitrogenous fertilizer is as base
The amount of application of fertilizer is 54kg/hm2(early rice) or 63kg/hm2(late rice), nitrogenous fertilizer are 36kg/hm as the amount of application for fertilizer of turning green2It is (early
Rice) or 42kg/hm2(late rice), nitrogenous fertilizer are 54kg/hm as the amount of application for promoting fetilizer for tillering2(early rice) or 63kg/hm2(late rice), nitrogen
Fertilizer is 36kg/hm as the amount of application of long thick fertilizer2(early rice) or 42kg/hm2(late rice).
Base manure is manually spread fertilizer over the fields after crop field is turned over, before rice transplanting, and fertilizer of turning green manually is spread fertilizer over the fields for 5 days after rice transplanting, is promoted
Fetilizer for tillering is manually spread fertilizer over the fields for 10 days after rice transplanting, and long thick fertilizer is manually spread fertilizer over the fields for 20 days after rice transplanting.
Nitrogenous fertilizer used by comparative example 1 is urea.
It is real among early rice, late rice maturity period, each cell respectively to cut 5m2Measure yield, and according to formula: nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully produces
Power (kg/kg)=yield/total amount of nitrogen, calculates and characterizes utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
It can be seen from table 1 above compared with the peasant habit N application method of comparative example 1, embodiment 1 provide based on
The light simple N application method of instant nitrogenousfertilizer, the total dosage of the nitrogenous fertilizer of early rice and late rice reduce 16.7% and 14.3%, fertilising time respectively
Number is reduced 2 times, and early rice yield, late rice yield increase separately 11.6%, 4.5%, and the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer of early rice and late rice is aobvious
It writes and improves.
Comparative example 2
A kind of high-yield and high-efficiency N application method (implementing in the Baiyun District, Guangzhou City town Zhong Luotan academy of agricultural sciences, Guangdong Province proving ground),
Steps are as follows:
A. according to Guangdong Province's provincial standard " rice three controls fertilizer practice regulation " (DB44/T 969-2011), with pure nitrogen level
Meter, determines that early rice, the total dosage of late rice nitrogenous fertilizer are respectively 150kg/hm2、180kg/hm2。
B. the nitrogenous fertilizer in step a divides base manure, protects fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer and granulated fertilizer 4 times applications.
C. base manure in step b, to protect the ratio of fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer and granulated fertilizer amount of application be 4:2:3:1, i.e., nitrogenous fertilizer is as base manure
Amount of application is 60kg/hm2(early rice) or 72kg/hm2(late rice), nitrogenous fertilizer are 30kg/hm as the amount of application for protecting fetilizer for tillering2(early rice)
Or 36kg/hm2(late rice), nitrogenous fertilizer are 45kg/hm as the amount of application of ear manuer2(early rice) or 54kg/hm2(late rice), nitrogenous fertilizer conduct
The amount of application of granulated fertilizer is 15kg/hm2(early rice) or 18kg/hm2(late rice).
Base manure is manually spread fertilizer over the fields after crop field is turned over, before rice transplanting, is protected fetilizer for tillering and is manually spread fertilizer over the fields within 15 days after rice transplanting, fringe
Fertilizer is manually spread fertilizer over the fields in the rice young panicle Primary branch idiophase, and granulated fertilizer is manually spread fertilizer over the fields in rice ear sprouting period.
Nitrogenous fertilizer used by comparative example 2 is urea.
It is real among early rice, late rice maturity period, each cell respectively to cut 5m2Measure yield, and according to formula: nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully produces
Power (kg/kg)=yield/total amount of nitrogen, calculates and characterizes utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
Fertilizer practice (the high-yield and high-efficiency N application method of comparative example 2) phase is controlled with rice three it can be seen from table 1 above
Than the light simple N application method based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer that embodiment 1 provides, early rice, the total dosage of late rice nitrogenous fertilizer are identical, fertilizer application frequency
It reduces 2 times, the yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer of early rice and late rice are without significant difference.
Comparative example 3
A kind of light simple N application method of top dressing ahead of time is (real in academy of agricultural sciences, the reported in Tianhe district of Guangzhou Guangdong Province proving ground great Feng
Apply), steps are as follows:
A. based on the N application method of the present invention in embodiment 2, the internode idiophase under ear manuer time advance to fringe will be imposed, i.e.,
The light simple N application method of top dressing ahead of time, the determination of the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is with the step a in embodiment 2, and with purity nitrogen meter, nitrogenous fertilizer is always used
Amount is 165kg/hm2；
B. the nitrogenous fertilizer in step a is divided into base manure and ear manuer 2 times applications；
C. the ratio of base manure and ear manuer amount of application is 4:6 in step b, i.e., nitrogenous fertilizer is 66kg/ as the amount of application of base manure
hm2, nitrogenous fertilizer is 99kg/hm as the amount of application of ear manuer2。
Base manure is manually spread fertilizer over the fields after crop field is turned over, before rice transplanting, ear manuer internode idiophase under Rice Panicle, that is, after transplanting
It manually spreads fertilizer over the fields within 25 days.
Maturity period cuts 5m among each cell in fact2Yield is measured, and according to formula: nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully force of labor (kg/kg)=production
Amount/total amount of nitrogen, calculates and characterizes utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
It can be seen from table 2 above compared with the light simple N application method of the top dressing ahead of time of comparative example 3, embodiment 2 is provided
The light simple N application method based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer dramatically increase, amplification 7.6%.
Comparative example 4
A kind of light simple N application method for postponing top dressing is (real in academy of agricultural sciences, the reported in Tianhe district of Guangzhou Guangdong Province proving ground great Feng
Apply), steps are as follows:
A. based on the N application method of the present invention of embodiment 2, ear manuer time retardation will be imposed and broken up to rice young panicle Pistil And Stamen
Phase, the i.e. light simple N application method of postponement top dressing, the determination of the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is with the step a in embodiment 2, with purity nitrogen meter, really
Determining the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 165kg/hm2；
B. the nitrogenous fertilizer in step a is divided into base manure and ear manuer 2 times applications；
C. the ratio of base manure and ear manuer amount of application is 4:6 in step b, i.e., nitrogenous fertilizer is 66kg/ as the amount of application of base manure
hm2, nitrogenous fertilizer is 99kg/hm as the amount of application of ear manuer2。
Base manure is manually spread fertilizer over the fields after crop field is turned over, before rice transplanting, ear manuer is transplanted in the rice young panicle Pistil And Stamen idiophase
It manually spreads fertilizer over the fields within 37 days afterwards.
Nitrogenous fertilizer used by comparative example 4 is urea.
Maturity period cuts 5m among each cell in fact2Yield is measured, and according to formula: nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully force of labor (kg/kg)=production
Amount/total amount of nitrogen, calculates and characterizes utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
It can be seen from table 2 above compared with the light simple N application method of the postponement top dressing of comparative example 4, embodiment 2 is provided
The light simple N application method based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, yield and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer dramatically increase, amplification 9.2%.
Comparative example 5
A kind of peasant habit N application method (implementing in Lianjiang municipalization son town Rice Production field), steps are as follows:
A. it is accustomed to N application method according to Lianjiang local farmers, with purity nitrogen meter, the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 240kg/hm2, represent
Local most farmers nitrogen amount applied；
B. the nitrogenous fertilizer in step a is divided into base manure, promotees fetilizer for tillering and protects fetilizer for tillering 3 times applications；
C. the ratio of base manure, rush fetilizer for tillering and guarantor's fetilizer for tillering amount of application is 2.6:4.4:3 in step b, i.e., nitrogenous fertilizer is as base manure
Amount of application is 62.4kg/hm2, nitrogenous fertilizer is 105.6kg/hm as the amount of application for promoting fetilizer for tillering2, nitrogenous fertilizer is as the amount of application for protecting fetilizer for tillering
For 72kg/hm2。
Base manure prior to seeding, application when harrowing a field, promote fetilizer for tillering and manually spread fertilizer over the fields at after planting 10 days, guarantor's fetilizer for tillering was at after planting 25 days
Manually spread fertilizer over the fields.
Nitrogenous fertilizer used by base manure is urea, and promoting nitrogenous fertilizer used by fetilizer for tillering is+70% Kuai Mei compound fertilizer of 30% urea.
Maturity period cuts 15m among each cell in fact2Yield is measured, according to formula: nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully force of labor (kg/kg)=production
Amount/total amount of nitrogen, calculates and characterizes utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
Under the conditions of being broadcast live it can be seen from table 3 above, compared with the peasant habit N application method of comparative example 5, embodiment
The 3 light simple N application methods based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer provided, the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer reduce 33.3%, and fertilizer application frequency is reduced 1 time, but is produced
Amount and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer are significantly increased, amplification 27.1%.
Comparative example 6
A kind of high-yield and high-efficiency N application method (implementing in Lianjiang municipalization son town Rice Production field), steps are as follows:
A. according to Guangdong Province's provincial standard " rice three controls fertilizer practice regulation " (DB44/T 969-2011), with pure nitrogen level
Meter determines that the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 165kg/hm2；
B. the nitrogenous fertilizer in step a is divided into base manure, protects fetilizer for tillering and ear manuer 3 times applications；
C. the ratio of base manure, guarantor's fetilizer for tillering and ear manuer amount of application is 5:2:3, i.e. amount of application of the nitrogenous fertilizer as base manure in step b
For 82.5kg/hm2, nitrogenous fertilizer is 33kg/hm as the amount of application for protecting fetilizer for tillering2, nitrogenous fertilizer is 49.5kg/ as the amount of application of ear manuer
hm2。
Base manure prior to seeding, application when harrowing a field, protect fetilizer for tillering and manually spread fertilizer over the fields at after planting 25 days, ear manuer is primary in rice young panicle
It the branch stalk idiophase, i.e., manually spreads fertilizer over the fields within after planting 60 days.
Nitrogenous fertilizer used by comparative example 6 is rice Kuai Mei compound fertilizer.
Maturity period cuts 15m among each cell in fact2Yield is measured, according to formula: nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully force of labor (kg/kg)=production
Amount/total amount of nitrogen, calculates and characterizes utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
Under the conditions of being broadcast live it can be seen from table 3 above, controlling fertilizer practice with rice three, (high-yield and high-efficiency of comparative example 6 is applied
Nitrogen method) compare, the light simple N application method based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer that embodiment 3 provides, fertilizer application frequency is reduced 2 times, yield and
Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is without significant difference.
Comparative example 7
A kind of high-yield and high-efficiency N application method (implementing in the town Yangjiang City Ya Shao Rice Production field), steps are as follows:
A. according to Guangdong Province's provincial standard " rice three controls fertilizer practice regulation " (DB44/T 969-2011), with pure nitrogen level
Meter determines that the total dosage of nitrogenous fertilizer is 150kg/hm2；
B. the nitrogenous fertilizer in step a is divided into tillering fertilizer, protects fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer and granulated fertilizer 4 times applications；
C. tillering fertilizer in step b, to protect the ratio of fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer and granulated fertilizer amount of application be 4:2:3:1, i.e., nitrogenous fertilizer is as tiller
The amount of application of fertilizer is 60kg/hm2, nitrogenous fertilizer is 45kg/hm as the amount of application for protecting fetilizer for tillering2, nitrogenous fertilizer is as the amount of application of ear manuer
30kg/hm2, nitrogenous fertilizer is 15kg/hm as the amount of application of granulated fertilizer2。
Tillering fertilizer is manually spread fertilizer over the fields for that is, after planting 15 days in the 4 leaf phase of rice, protects fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer and granulated fertilizer respectively after planting
25 days, rice young panicle Primary branch idiophase (after planting 60 days) and heading stage manually spread fertilizer over the fields.
Nitrogenous fertilizer used by comparative example 7 is urea.
Maturity period cuts 15m among each cell in fact2Yield is measured, according to formula: nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully force of labor (kg/kg)=production
Amount/total amount of nitrogen, calculates and characterizes utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.
Under the conditions of being broadcast live it can be seen from table 4 above, controlling fertilizer practice with rice three, (high-yield and high-efficiency of comparative example 7 is applied
Nitrogen method) compare, the light simple N application method based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer that embodiment 4 provides, fertilizer application frequency is reduced 2 times, yield and
Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is without significant difference.
Above embodiments are only preferrred embodiment of the present invention, for explaining only the invention, are not intended to limit the present invention, this
Field technical staff should belong to guarantor of the invention without departing from change made under spirit of the invention, replacement, modification etc.
Protect range.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of light simple N application method of rice based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, which is characterized in that for transplanting rice, nitrogenous fertilizer is divided into base manure
It is applied with ear manuer 2 times；For Direct-seeding Rice, nitrogenous fertilizer is divided into tillering fertilizer and ear manuer 2 times applications.
2. the light simple N application method of the rice according to claim 1 based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, which is characterized in that for transplanting
The mass ratio of rice, the base manure and ear manuer amount of application is 4:6.
3. the light simple N application method of the rice according to claim 1 based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, which is characterized in that for live streaming
The mass ratio of rice, the tillering fertilizer and ear manuer amount of application is 4:6.
4. the light simple N application method of the rice according to claim 1 based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, which is characterized in that for transplanting
Rice, the base manure are applied before rice transplanting；For Direct-seeding Rice, the tillering fertilizer is applied in paddy growth to 4-5 leaf phase.
5. the light simple N application method of the rice according to claim 1 based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, which is characterized in that for transplanting
Rice, the base manure apply when site preparation before rice transplanting, are uniformly mixed fertilizer with soil, and shallow water is kept to wait transplanting or described
Base manure is applied after site preparation, before rice transplanting；For Direct-seeding Rice, the application of the tillering fertilizer be in paddy growth to 4-5 leaf phase,
In conjunction with nitrogen topdressing is irrigated, fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field.
6. the light simple N application method of the rice according to claim 1 based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, which is characterized in that the ear manuer without
By for transplanting rice or Direct-seeding Rice, paddy growth to young fringe Primary branch idiophase will be fertile in conjunction with nitrogen topdressing is irrigated
Material is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in rice field.
7. the light simple N application method of the rice according to claim 1 based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, which is characterized in that the nitrogenous fertilizer is applied
Mode includes manually spreading fertilizer over the fields to spread fertilizer over the fields with machinery.
8. the light simple N application method of the rice according to claim 1 based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, which is characterized in that the nitrogenous fertilizer is
Instant nitrogenousfertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer include one or more of urea, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and compound fertilizer.
9. the light simple N application method of the rice according to claim 1 based on instant nitrogenousfertilizer, which is characterized in that nitrogenous fertilizer is always used
Amount is determined according to Guangdong Province's provincial standard " rice three controls fertilizer practice regulation " (DB44/T 969-2011).
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