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CN110065007B - Polishing system and polishing method - Google Patents

Polishing system and polishing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110065007B
CN110065007B CN201910448429.XA CN201910448429A CN110065007B CN 110065007 B CN110065007 B CN 110065007B CN 201910448429 A CN201910448429 A CN 201910448429A CN 110065007 B CN110065007 B CN 110065007B
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China
Prior art keywords
polished
electrolyte solution
tool electrode
electrolyte
personal computer
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CN201910448429.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110065007A (en
Inventor
姚俊
丁若晨
康振亚
杜宝瑞
郑会龙
赵世迁
文涛
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Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of CAS
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Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of CAS
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Priority to CN201910448429.XA priority Critical patent/CN110065007B/en
Publication of CN110065007A publication Critical patent/CN110065007A/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/08Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C11/00Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C11/00Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
    • B24C11/005Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts of additives, e.g. anti-corrosive or disinfecting agents in solid, liquid or gaseous form
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/02Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other
    • B24C3/04Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other stationary
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C9/00Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25FPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F3/00Electrolytic etching or polishing
    • C25F3/16Polishing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25FPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F7/00Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects; Servicing or operating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

A polishing system comprising: an electrolyte system (100) for providing an electrolyte solution to the tool electrode (200), wherein the electrolyte solution includes abrasive particles therein; a tool electrode (200) for spraying an electrolyte solution onto the surface of an object (500) to be polished; a power supply (300) whose positive electrode is connected to the object to be polished (500) and whose negative electrode is connected to the tool electrode (200) so that the surface of the object to be polished (500) is electrochemically reacted by the electrolyte solution and polished by the abrasive grains; and the industrial personal computer (400) is used for controlling the movement of the tool electrode (200) and the distance between the tool electrode and the object (500) to be polished. In addition, a polishing method is also provided. By combining electrochemical reaction and abrasive particle flow flushing, the abrasive particles can be used for removing a passivation layer in the electrochemical reaction process to accelerate the electrochemical reaction, and can be used for flushing the surface of an object (500) to be polished to remove salient points on the surface of the object, so that the polishing speed is accelerated.

Description

Polishing system and polishing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical polishing, in particular to a polishing system and a polishing method.
Background
In order to pursue excellent performance, high-strength and high-hardness difficult-to-process materials (such as titanium alloy, superalloy, high-strength stainless steel and the like) are increasingly applied to aeroengine blade structures, and the blade has the advantages of thinner wall thickness, wider chord width and larger curvature, so that the polishing of the blade is difficult. The high-pressure abrasive particle jet flow utilizes the high-pressure water jet flow (containing abrasive particles) to impact the surface of the blade at a high speed, and the abrasive particles with micro cutting toughness cut off salient points to achieve the polishing effect, so that the process is simple, the adaptability is strong, the polishing of the blade complex curved surfaces is achieved, but along with the application of high-strength high-hardness difficult-to-process materials, higher requirements are provided for the hardness of the abrasive particles and the water flow pressure, and the high-hardness abrasive particles such as diamond, CBN and the like are high in price and greatly improve the cost. The electrolytic polishing has the advantages of no tool loss, no residual stress, no limitation of material hardness and the like, but simultaneously, the electrolytic polishing is easy to form a passivation layer on the surface of a workpiece to prevent the electrochemical reaction from proceeding.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
Based on the technical problems, the invention provides a polishing system and a polishing method, and the electrochemical reaction and the abrasive particle flow flushing are combined to be used, so that on one hand, the abrasive particles remove a passivation layer in the electrochemical reaction process to accelerate the electrochemical reaction, and on the other hand, the surface of an object (500) to be polished can be flushed to remove salient points on the surface of the object, and further the polishing speed is accelerated.
(II) technical scheme
In one aspect, the present invention provides a polishing system comprising an electrolyte system 100, a tool electrode 200, a power supply 300, and an industrial personal computer 400, wherein: an electrolyte system 100 for providing an electrolyte solution to the tool electrode 200, wherein the electrolyte solution includes abrasive particles therein; a tool electrode 200 for spraying an electrolyte solution on the surface of the object 500 to be polished; a power supply 300, the positive electrode of which is connected to the object 500 to be polished, and the negative electrode of which is connected to the tool electrode 200, so that the surface of the object 500 to be polished is electrochemically reacted under the action of the electrolyte solution and polished under the action of abrasive grains; the industrial personal computer 400 is used for controlling the movement of the tool electrode 200 and the distance between the tool electrode and the object 500 to be polished.
Optionally, the abrasive particles are alumina particles.
Alternatively, the tool electrode 200 includes a working head 201, a hollow shaft 202, and a rotary joint 203, wherein the working head 201 is drum-shaped, and has a plurality of injection holes on the outer surface thereof to inject the electrolyte solution, one end of the hollow shaft 202 is provided with the working head 201 for delivering the electrolyte solution to the working head 201, and the other end thereof is provided with the rotary joint 203 to rotate and move the working head 201 under the action of the rotary joint 203.
Optionally, the industrial personal computer 400 includes a motion control card 401, and the industrial personal computer 400 controls the rotation and movement of the rotary joint 203 through the motion control card 401.
Optionally, the electrolyte system 100 includes an overflow valve 101 and a pressure gauge 102, wherein the pressure gauge 102 is used for detecting a pressure value at an inlet of the tool electrode 200 and sending the pressure value to the industrial personal computer 400, so that the industrial personal computer 400 controls the opening of the overflow valve 101 according to the pressure value to adjust the flow rate of the electrolyte solution.
Optionally, the electrolyte system 100 further includes a liquid supply pump 103, an electrolyte collection tank 104, a recovery pump 105, a transport pipeline 106, a storage reservoir 107, and a stirrer 108, wherein the liquid supply pump 103 and the recovery pump 105 are disposed on the transport pipeline 106; the electrolyte collection box 104 is used for collecting electrolyte solution ejected from the tool electrode 200; a reservoir 107 for storing an electrolyte solution; the recovery pump 105 is used to input the electrolyte solution in the electrolyte collection tank 104 into the reservoir 107; the liquid supply pump 103 is used for delivering electrolyte solution to the tool electrode 200; a stirrer 108 is provided in the reservoir 107 for stirring the electrolyte solution.
Alternatively, the agitator 108 is a turbine agitator, the blades of which are steel lined ultra high molecular weight polyethylene.
Optionally, a hall current sensor 600 is provided between the power supply 300 and the object 500 to be polished, for detecting a current in the circuit and transmitting the detected current value to the industrial personal computer 400.
Alternatively, the distance between the tool electrode 200 and the object 500 to be polished is 0.2-0.8mm.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a polishing method based on the above polishing system, comprising: s1, presetting a motion track and a rotation speed of a tool electrode 200 in an industrial personal computer 400 according to the outline of the object 500 to be polished; and S2, moving the tool electrode 200 on the surface of the object 500 to be polished according to the moving track so that the electrolyte solution containing abrasive particles sprayed by the tool electrode 200 washes the surface of the object 500 to be polished and electrochemically reacts with the surface of the object 500 to be polished to polish the surface of the object 500 to be polished.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention provides a polishing system and a polishing method, wherein abrasive particles are mixed in an electrolyte solution, and meanwhile, the electrolyte solution adopts a high-pressure spraying mode, so that on one hand, electrochemical reaction is carried out on the surface of an object to be polished to remove salient points at the position; on the other hand, the high-pressure abrasive particle flow can remove the passivation layer generated by the electrochemical reaction, accelerate the reaction, and remove the salient points on the surface to be polished through self micro cutting. The electrochemical reaction and the abrasive particle scouring are matched with each other, so that the polishing effect is enhanced; the abrasive particles can be made of alumina and other materials, so that the cost is low, and the industrial application is easy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a block diagram of a polishing system of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2A schematically illustrates a structural schematic of a working head 201 and a hollow shaft 202 in a tool electrode 200 of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2B schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of section A-A of FIG. 2A in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a step diagram of a polishing method of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 schematically illustrates a flowchart of a polishing method of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
The present invention provides a polishing system, referring to fig. 1, comprising an electrolyte system 100, a tool electrode 200, a power supply 300, and an industrial personal computer 400, wherein: an electrolyte system 100 for providing an electrolyte solution to the tool electrode 200, wherein the electrolyte solution includes abrasive particles therein; a tool electrode 200 for spraying an electrolyte solution on the surface of the object 500 to be polished; a power supply 300, the positive electrode of which is connected to the object 500 to be polished, and the negative electrode of which is connected to the tool electrode 200, so that the surface of the object 500 to be polished is electrochemically reacted under the action of the electrolyte solution and polished under the action of abrasive grains; the industrial personal computer 400 is used for controlling the movement of the tool electrode 200 and the distance between the tool electrode and the object 500 to be polished. The polishing system will be described in detail below taking the object 500 to be polished as an aero-engine blade as an example.
An electrolyte system 100 for providing an electrolyte solution to the tool electrode 200, wherein the electrolyte solution includes abrasive particles therein;
specifically, the electrolyte system 100 is configured to provide an electrolyte solution to the tool electrode 200, where the electrolyte system 100 includes an overflow valve 101 and a pressure gauge 102, and the pressure gauge 102 is configured to detect a pressure value of the electrolyte solution at an inlet of the tool electrode 200 and send the pressure value to the industrial personal computer 400, so that the industrial personal computer 400 controls an opening of the overflow valve 101 according to the pressure value to adjust a flow rate of the electrolyte solution and thus adjust an impact force of abrasive particles on an aero-engine blade.
The electrolyte system 100 further comprises a liquid supply pump 103, an electrolyte collecting box 104, a recovery pump 105, a conveying pipeline 106, a storage warehouse 107 and a stirrer 108, wherein the liquid supply pump 103 and the recovery pump 105 are arranged on the conveying pipeline 106, and the recovery pump 105 and the liquid supply pump 103 are abrasion-resistant and corrosion-resistant mortar pumps for resisting the corrosiveness of the electrolyte solution and the impact abrasion of abrasive particles; the electrolyte collection box 104 is used for collecting electrolyte solution ejected from the tool electrode 200; a reservoir 107 for storing an electrolyte solution; the recovery pump 105 is used to input the electrolyte solution in the electrolyte collection tank 104 into the reservoir 107; the liquid supply pump 103 is used for delivering electrolyte solution to the tool electrode 200; the stirrer 108 is disposed in the storage tank 107 and is used for stirring the electrolyte solution, so that abrasive particles in the electrolyte solution are respectively uniform, the stirrer 108 is preferably a turbine stirrer, and the blade of the stirrer is made of steel-lined ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) and has extremely strong wear resistance, impact resistance and corrosion resistance.
The electrolyte solution is mixed with abrasive particles, preferably aluminum oxide particles, the diameter of the abrasive particles is preferably 50-100 mu m, the electrolyte solution can be subjected to electrochemical reaction with the salient points on the surface of the aero-engine blade so as to enable the salient points on the surface of the aero-engine blade to be removed electrolytically, and meanwhile, the dispersed aluminum oxide abrasive particles impact the surface of the aero-engine blade at a high speed, so that the passivation layer on the surface of the aero-engine blade can be removed to accelerate the electrochemical reaction, and the salient points on the surface of the aero-engine blade can be removed by scouring, so that the polishing speed is accelerated.
A tool electrode 200 for spraying an electrolyte solution on the surface of the object 500 to be polished;
specifically, the tool electrode 200 includes a working head 201, a hollow shaft 202 and a rotary joint 203, wherein, referring to fig. 2A and 2B, the working head 201 is drum-shaped, the outer surface thereof is provided with a plurality of injection holes for injecting electrolyte solution, one end of the hollow shaft 202 is provided with the working head 201 for delivering electrolyte solution to the working head 201, the electrolyte solution is discharged from the injection holes of the working head 201, impacts the surface of the aero-engine blade, fills the gap between the working head 201 and the surface of the aero-engine blade, the injected electrolyte solution is collected in the electrolyte collecting box 104 for recycling, the other end of the hollow shaft 202 is provided with the rotary joint 203, and the rotary joint 203 is connected with the industrial personal computer 400 to drive the working head 201 to rotate and move under the action of the rotary joint 203.
A power supply 300, the positive electrode of which is connected to the object 500 to be polished, and the negative electrode of which is connected to the tool electrode 200, so that the surface of the object 500 to be polished is electrochemically reacted under the action of the electrolyte solution and polished under the action of abrasive grains;
specifically, the power supply 300 is used for providing an electrode for electrochemical reaction of the electrolyte solution, the positive electrode is connected with the aero-engine blade, and the negative electrode is connected with the tool electrode 200, so that the surface of the aero-engine blade is polished under the action of the electrolyte solution and abrasive particles; a hall current sensor 600 is arranged between the power supply 300 and the aero-engine blade, and is used for detecting the current in the circuit and sending the detected current value to the industrial personal computer 400, so that the industrial personal computer 400 judges whether the current is abnormal or not, and the industrial personal computer 400 sends out a command to adjust the feeding speed of the tool electrode 200 and the distance between the aero-engine blade according to the abnormal condition of the current value.
The industrial personal computer 400 is used for controlling the movement of the tool electrode 200 and the distance between the tool electrode and the object 500 to be polished.
Specifically, the industrial personal computer 400 includes a motion control card 401, and the industrial personal computer 400 controls the rotation and movement of the rotary joint 203 through the motion control card 401 according to a preset numerical control program, so that the working head 201 is a certain distance away from the aero-engine blade to perform envelope motion of the curved profile of the aero-engine blade, and the distance between the working head 201 and the aero-engine blade is in the range of 0.2-0.8mm.
The spacing between the working head 201 and the aero-engine blades ranges from 0.2 to 0.8mm; the pressure of the electrolyte solution is generally in the range of 0.1MPa to 3MPa; the voltage provided by power supply 300 is typically in the range of 20-50V; the abrasive particles are preferably alumina particles, preferably 50-100 μm in diameter, and suitable combinations of parameters may be selected according to different materials and polishing requirements.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a polishing method based on the polishing system, referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4, including:
s1, presetting a motion track and a rotation speed of a tool electrode 200 in an industrial personal computer 400 according to the outline of an object 500 to be polished;
specifically, the aero-engine blade is fixed on the clamping tool 501, and is connected with the system, and the movement track and the rotation speed of the tool electrode 200 are preset in the industrial personal computer 400 according to the profile of the aero-engine blade.
And S2, moving the tool electrode 200 on the surface of the object 500 to be polished according to the moving track so that the electrolyte solution containing abrasive particles sprayed by the tool electrode 200 washes the surface of the object 500 to be polished and electrochemically reacts with the surface of the object 500 to be polished to polish the surface of the object 500 to be polished.
Specifically, the industrial personal computer 400 performs motion control on the tool electrode 200 through the motion control card 401, so that the tool electrode 200 performs enveloping motion on the surface of the aero-engine blade; in addition, the industrial personal computer 400 detects the current supplied from the power supply 300 through the hall current sensor 600, and the electrolyte system 100 is used to supply the tool electrode 200 with the appropriate flow rate of abrasive particles and electrolyte solution.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further details of the invention may be had by the present invention, it should be understood that the foregoing description is merely illustrative of the present invention and that no limitations are intended to the scope of the invention, except insofar as modifications, equivalents, improvements or modifications are within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A polishing system comprising an electrolyte system (100), a tool electrode (200), a power source (300), and an industrial personal computer (400), wherein:
an electrolyte system (100) for providing an electrolyte solution to the tool electrode (200), wherein the electrolyte solution comprises abrasive particles therein;
a tool electrode (200) for spraying the electrolyte solution on the surface of an object (500) to be polished;
a power supply (300) with a positive electrode connected with the object to be polished (500) and a negative electrode connected with the tool electrode (200) so that the surface of the object to be polished (500) is subjected to electrochemical reaction under the action of the electrolyte solution and polished under the action of abrasive particles;
an industrial personal computer (400) for controlling the movement of the tool electrode (200) and the distance between the tool electrode and the object to be polished (500);
the electrolyte system (100) comprises an overflow valve (101) and a pressure gauge (102), wherein the pressure gauge (102) is used for detecting a pressure value at an inlet of the tool electrode (200) and sending the pressure value to the industrial personal computer (400), so that the industrial personal computer (400) controls the opening of the overflow valve (101) according to the pressure value to adjust the flow rate of the electrolyte solution;
the tool electrode (200) comprises a working head (201), a hollow shaft (202) and a rotary joint (203), wherein the working head (201) is drum-shaped, a plurality of injection holes are formed in the outer surface of the working head to inject electrolyte solution, the working head (201) is arranged at one end of the hollow shaft (202) and is used for conveying the electrolyte solution to the working head (201), the rotary joint (203) is arranged at the other end of the hollow shaft, and the working head (201) is driven to move a certain distance away from an object to be polished (500) under the action of the rotary joint (203) to form enveloping movement of the outline of the object to be polished (500).
2. The polishing system of claim 1, the abrasive particles being aluminum oxide particles.
3. The polishing system according to claim 1, said industrial personal computer (400) comprising a motion control card (401), said industrial personal computer (400) controlling rotation and movement of said rotary joint (203) by said motion control card (401).
4. The polishing system according to claim 1, the electrolyte system (100) further comprising a liquid supply pump (103), an electrolyte collection tank (104), a recovery pump (105), a transport line (106), a storage tank (107), and a stirrer (108), wherein the liquid supply pump (103) and the recovery pump (105) are provided on the transport line (106); the electrolyte collecting box (104) is used for collecting electrolyte solution sprayed by the tool electrode (200); -the reservoir (107) is for storing the electrolyte solution; -the recovery pump (105) is used for feeding the electrolyte solution in the electrolyte collection tank (104) into the reservoir (107); the liquid supply pump (103) is used for conveying the electrolyte solution to the tool electrode (200); the stirrer (108) is arranged in the storage tank (107) and is used for stirring the electrolyte solution.
5. The polishing system according to claim 4, wherein the agitator (108) is a turbine agitator, and the blades are made of steel-lined ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
6. The polishing system according to claim 1, wherein a hall current sensor (600) is provided between the power supply (300) and the object to be polished (500) for detecting a current in a circuit and transmitting the detected current value to the industrial personal computer (400).
7. The polishing system according to claim 1, wherein a distance between said tool electrode (200) and said object to be polished (500) is 0.2-0.8mm.
8. A polishing method based on the polishing system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
s1, presetting a motion track and a rotation speed of the tool electrode (200) in the industrial personal computer (400) according to the outline of the object (500) to be polished;
and S2, moving the tool electrode (200) on the surface of the object (500) to be polished according to the movement track so that the electrolyte solution containing abrasive particles sprayed by the tool electrode (200) washes the surface of the object (500) to be polished and performs electrochemical reaction with the surface of the object (500) to be polished to polish the surface of the object (500) to be polished.
CN201910448429.XA 2019-05-27 2019-05-27 Polishing system and polishing method Active CN110065007B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111424308B (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-12-22 山东中庆环保科技有限公司 Electrolyte polishing foam removing device
CN112123214A (en) * 2020-09-30 2020-12-25 奥拓福水刀有限公司 Device for deburring mobile phone shell by using water jet cutter

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005007343A1 (en) * 2003-07-18 2005-01-27 Universidad Nacional Autonoma De Mexico Hydrodynamic radial flux tool for polishing and grinding optical and semiconductor surfaces
CN103395008A (en) * 2013-08-20 2013-11-20 哈尔滨工业大学 Abrasive jet machining method under effect of composite energy field
CN107866615A (en) * 2017-11-07 2018-04-03 常州工学院 A kind of compound electrode electrolytically and mechanically grinding and polishing complex machining device and method
CN210255761U (en) * 2019-05-27 2020-04-07 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Polishing system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005007343A1 (en) * 2003-07-18 2005-01-27 Universidad Nacional Autonoma De Mexico Hydrodynamic radial flux tool for polishing and grinding optical and semiconductor surfaces
CN103395008A (en) * 2013-08-20 2013-11-20 哈尔滨工业大学 Abrasive jet machining method under effect of composite energy field
CN107866615A (en) * 2017-11-07 2018-04-03 常州工学院 A kind of compound electrode electrolytically and mechanically grinding and polishing complex machining device and method
CN210255761U (en) * 2019-05-27 2020-04-07 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 Polishing system

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