CN118105473B - 一种预防或治疗Hp感染口服免疫原性组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种预防或治疗Hp感染口服免疫原性组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种预防或治疗Hp感染口服免疫原性组合物及其应用,涉及生物医学技术领域。本发明提供了口服疫苗组合物,疫苗活性成分、佐剂和吸收促进剂,疫苗活性成分选自幽门螺杆菌的抗原;抗原选自幽门螺杆菌的蛋白、多肽、多糖和寡糖中的至少一种;吸收促进剂包括脱氧胆酸或脱氧胆酸盐。脱氧胆酸或脱氧胆酸盐能够作为吸收促进剂提高机体的免疫应答水平,大幅提高机体中抗体的滴度,能明显提高幽门螺杆菌血清特异性IgG和肠道特异性sIgA,具有良好的制备口服疫苗组合物的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医学技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种预防或治疗Hp感染口服免疫原性组合物及其应用。
背景技术
幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,Hp)是一种革兰阴性、螺杆状、微需氧菌,可以在胃、黏膜和十二指肠上皮持续存在。Hp感染在全世界各地人群中感染率均较高,全球感染率超过50%。目前抗生素治疗Hp感染虽然具有一定积极的临床意义但仍存在如下缺陷:1)毒副作用; 2)易产生耐药菌株;3)费用高;4)疗程长,患者顺应性差;5)疗效不稳定等。疫苗是控制感染性疾病最为经济有效的办法,因此通过Hp疫苗刺激机体产生针对幽门螺杆菌的特异性免疫应答,可以达到预防或者治疗Hp感染的目的。
然而,口服疫苗的开发仍然存在着重重困难。一方面,口服递送疫苗必须途经恶劣的胃肠道环境,抗原在胃肠道中除了要经受较宽范围的pH梯度变化(1.2~8.6),还要经受不同的机械过程如肠道蠕动,粘液和多糖包被的捕获以及消化酶(蛋白酶,脂肪酶,核酸酶,胆汁,乳铁蛋白,酶和过氧化物酶)的攻击,这些将导致抗原稀释、降解甚至变性失活。另一方面,按生物药剂学分类系统(Biopharmaceutics Classification System)进行分类,疫苗抗原多为水溶性大分子,这类物质的水溶性较好,但渗透性较低。因此,口服后机体产生的抗体滴度低。
此外,现有技术(“重组幽门螺杆菌尿素酶B亚单位鼻腔免疫凝胶剂的研制”,高志刚等,《中国现代应用药学》)虽然有报道脱氧胆酸钠作为鼻腔黏膜吸收促进剂,用于制备鼻腔重组幽门螺旋杆菌尿素酶B亚单位疫苗凝胶剂,然而由于滴鼻和口服的给药方式技术要求完全不同,需要解决的技术问题也有明显差异,在药剂学上属于明显不同的领域。首先,鼻腔黏膜与胃肠道环境完全不同,且鼻腔黏膜根本不涉及机械过程如肠道蠕动、相对恶劣的pH环境以及多种消化酶的攻击;并且幽门螺杆菌为一种胃肠道感染细菌,鼻腔给药需要在远距离粘膜部位产生免疫应答,而口服给药可以在就近粘膜部位产生免疫应答;最后,鼻腔给药制剂为了解决抗原的滞留问题,加入了能够形成凝胶的卡伯波-934,但无佐剂的使用。
胰岛素口服制剂的研究中(A. Yamamoto, E. Hayakawa, Y. Kato, A.Nishiura, V.H. Lee, A mechanistic study on enhancement of rectal permeabilityto insulin in the albino rabbit, J Pharmacol Exp Ther)虽然也有添加脱氧胆酸钠的报道。该报道中脱氧胆酸钠能够提高打开肠道紧密连接,或帮助药物通过细胞旁路吸收;同时克服胰岛素口服的吸收屏障、酶屏障和粘液屏障,能够提高药物的口服生物利用度。脱氧胆酸钠促进胰岛素的吸收需要经过肠道上皮细胞或细胞旁路途径进入血液循环,进而分布到全身,与细胞表面的胰岛素受体结合发挥作用。然而,抗原和佐剂的吸收是通过肠道M细胞和杯状细胞将其摄取并递送至树突状细胞(DC),或是由单核吞噬细胞(MNP)通过肠上皮中的紧密连接或是M细胞中的孔延伸树突摄入抗原。抗原提呈细胞摄入抗原并且被佐剂活化后,进而活化下游T、B免疫细胞,产生免疫应答。所以,抗原和佐剂与胰岛素口服制剂相比,进入机体的靶细胞和发挥作用的靶组织都是明显不同的。并且,由于胰岛素口服剂治疗的对象是糖尿病,与Hp感染技术领域、治疗机理差异明显,脱氧胆酸钠是否能提高疫苗口服后机体的抗体滴度存疑。因此,如何提高疫苗口服后机体的抗体滴度是亟需解决的问题。
鉴于此,特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种预防或治疗Hp感染口服免疫原性组合物及其应用以解决上述技术问题。
本发明是这样实现的:
第一方面,本发明提供了一种口服疫苗组合物,其包括:疫苗活性成分、佐剂和吸收促进剂,疫苗活性成分选自幽门螺杆菌的抗原,抗原选自幽门螺杆菌的蛋白、多肽、多糖和寡糖中的至少一种;吸收促进剂包括脱氧胆酸或脱氧胆酸盐。
佐剂的类型包括不限于:水包油乳液、油包水、水包油包水乳液。
在本发明应用较佳的实施方式中,脱氧胆酸盐选自脱氧胆酸钠、脱氧胆酸钾和脱氧胆酸钙中的至少一种。
尤其是脱氧胆酸盐选自脱氧胆酸钠时,具有良好的提高机体的免疫应答水平,能大幅提高机体中抗体的滴度。
本发明经过长期大量的实验,发现导致疫苗口服后机体产生的抗体滴度低的原因是:苛刻的胃酸环境和蛋白酶的降解作用严重影响抗原在胃肠道的稳定性;肠道各种生理屏障使得抗原在黏膜部位的渗透能力降低,最终导致口服免疫失败,因此疫苗口服后机体的抗体滴度低。
基于此,本发明筛选提供了一种吸收促进剂—脱氧胆酸或脱氧胆酸盐,发现脱氧胆酸或脱氧胆酸盐能够作为吸收促进剂提高机体的免疫应答水平,大幅提高机体中抗体的滴度,能明显提高幽门螺杆菌血清特异性IgG和肠道特异性sIgA,具有良好的制备口服疫苗组合物的应用前景。
本发明中使用的术语“受试者”是指哺乳动物,优选人。
脱氧胆酸或脱氧胆酸盐通过作为幽门螺杆菌口服免疫原性组合物(如口服亚单位疫苗)吸收促进剂存在多种作用机制:一、肠上皮细胞表面覆盖着由黏蛋白、电解质等构成的黏液层。脱氧胆酸钠可降低黏液层的黏度和弹性,促进幽门螺杆菌抗原透过黏液层。二、脱氧胆酸钠可与细胞膜磷脂双分子层相互作用,改变膜中脂质和蛋白质的分布,降低磷脂双分子层的有序性,增加流动性和通透性,从而促进幽门螺杆菌抗原透过胃肠道上皮细胞膜。三、脱氧胆酸钠能在细胞膜表面形成反相胶束,从而创造细胞膜表面的亲水孔隙,进而促进幽门螺杆菌抗原被上皮细胞吸收。四、脱氧胆酸钠可结合Ca2+,影响肌球蛋白的分布和功能,放松细胞间紧密连接,从而增加细胞旁路转运,进而导致幽门螺杆菌抗原的摄取增加。五、脱氧胆酸钠可与幽门螺杆菌抗原形成复合物,从而增加抗原对生物膜的通透性,进而增加抗原的生物利用度。六、脱氧胆酸钠能抑制P-糖蛋白(P-gp)的外排作用,从而增加幽门螺杆菌抗原的吸收。七、脱氧胆酸钠还能抵抗蛋白酶对于幽门螺杆菌抗原的降解,从而增加抗原的黏膜吸收。
在本发明应用较佳的实施方式中,幽门螺杆菌的抗原选自UreA、UreB、CagA、VacA、KatA、HspA、HpaA、HpA、Hp-NAP、OMP、SOD、Tpx、VacA、GGT、babA、sabA、fecA、omp16、NapA、CAT、Lpp20、选自以上任意一种抗原的修饰物、及选自以上任意一种抗原的突变体、选自以上至少一种抗原的融合蛋白和选自以上至少一种抗原表位肽中的任意一种。
抗原的修饰物包括不限于:对抗原上的氨基酸残基进行甲基化、乙酰化、磷酸化、泛素化、ADP核糖化、烷基化、酰化EMTS修饰和DTNB修饰。
抗原表位肽又称抗原决定簇或抗原决定基(antigenic determinant,AD),指抗原分子中决定抗原特异性的特殊化学基团。通常是抗原表面上的一至六个单糖或五至八个氨基酸的残基。由于抗原分子处于空间环境中,抗体识别的表位可能取决于实际存在的三维抗原构象(例如,由两个天然蛋白质环或亚基相互作用形成的独特位点)。这就是所谓的构象表位。表位也可对应于简单的氨基酸线性序列,这种表位称为线性表位。
在本发明应用较佳的实施方式中,佐剂选自Toll样受体激动剂、RIG-I样受体激动剂、NOD样受体激动剂、C-型凝集素受体、STING激动剂、细菌毒素及其衍生物、皂苷类、细胞因子和其他佐剂中的至少一种;其他佐剂选自热激蛋白、A151、GTP-GDP、氟化钠、烷基聚丙烯酯多聚体、二甲基双十八烷基季胺溴化物(DDA)的至少一种。
在本发明应用较佳的实施方式中,Toll样受体激动剂选自CpG-ODN、CpG 1018、肽聚糖、脂磷壁酸、MPLA(单磷酸酰脂质A)、咪喹莫特、瑞喹莫特、细菌鞭毛蛋白和Poly I:C(聚肌胞)中的至少一种。此外,Toll样受体激动剂包括不限于TLR1,TLR2,TLR4,TLR5和TLR9的激动剂。
CpG 1018佐剂是一种TLR9激动剂,既能够刺激B细,促进体液免疫;同时也能刺激树突状细胞活化,进而刺激特异性T细胞、产生记忆细胞,显著强于传统铝佐剂。
CpG ODN佐剂,即 CpG 寡核苷酸(CpG oligodeoxynucleotides, CpG ODN) 是指一类以未甲基化 CG 二核苷酸为核心的寡聚核苷酸序列,CpG ODN可以激活 TLR9 受体,是一种有潜力的疫苗佐剂,能够增强疫苗的免疫反应强度、广度和持久性。CpG ODN佐剂包括不限于A、B、C 三类,即CpG-A ODN、CpG-B ODN和CpG-C ODN;包括不限于ODN 2216、ODN2006、ODN 2395。
多聚体CpG-A ODN主要定位于早期溶酶体,在浆细胞样树突状细胞中,它们导致IFN-α的强烈诱导。单体CpG-B ODNs集中在晚期内体区室,可以促进浆细胞样树突状细胞和B细胞的细胞成熟。CpG-C ODN定位于两个区室,诱导IFN-α的产生和细胞成熟。影响含CpG序列生物效应的其他结构修饰包括通过非核苷化学连接体连接两个或多个短的硫代磷酸酯骨架CpG ODN,以产生线性嵌合免疫调节化合物和/或含CpG纳米颗粒化合物的制剂。
RIG-I样受体激动剂选自3pRNA和短的双链RNA中的至少一种;
NOD样受体激动剂选自胞壁酰二肽(MDP)和N一乙酰葡萄糖胺中的至少一种;
C-型凝集素受体选自β-葡聚糖和海藻糖二硼酸盐中的至少一种。
STING激动剂选自cGAMP、c-di-AMP和c-di-GMP中的至少一种;cGAMP包括不限于3’-3’cGAMP和2’-3’cGAMP。
细菌毒素及其衍生物选自霍乱毒素及其亚单元和大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素及其亚单元中的至少一种。
霍乱毒素(CT)和大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素(LT)都属于A-B型细菌蛋白毒素家族,而且两者的氨基酸序列80%的相同。CT是由A、B两种亚单位组成的AB型结构的六聚体蛋白,A亚单位(CTA)有240个氨基酸,在第192位氨基酸被蛋白酶裂解后可以生成CTA1和CTA2两个部分,二者以二硫键相连。CTA1具有ADP-核糖基转移酶的作用。CTA2的主要功能是连接CTA1和B亚单位(CTB)。
CpG的序列可分为三大类:CpG-A类、CpG-B类和CpG-C类。
皂苷类选自QS21、番茄苷和Quil-A中的至少一种;
细胞因子选自GM-CSF、IL-2、IL-12、IL-6、IFN-γ、Flt-3和淋巴细胞趋化因子中的至少一种。
在本发明应用较佳的实施方式中,霍乱毒素亚单元选自CTB,大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素亚单元选自LTB。
CT(LT)发挥毒素的大致作用过程为CTB通过神经节苷脂1(GM1)的结合位点与细胞表面的GM1受体结合,经过吞噬作用CT进入细胞,主动转运至内质网,CTA与CTB分离,进入细胞质。目前认为,LT和CT主要通过以下方式诱导粘膜免疫反应:1,增加上皮细胞的渗透性,增强抗原吸收;2,增强不同抗原呈递细胞的抗原呈递作用;3,调节B细胞的分化,使sIgA的形成增加;4,诱导树突状细胞(DC)分泌白细胞介素1β(IL-1β);5,通过上调L-10,下调L-12,选择性地影响细胞表面分子的表达,抑制Thl细胞的产生,增强T细胞的调节活性。但是值得注意的是,细菌毒素的佐剂效应并不仅仅涉及一种机制,而是多种机制协同作用的结果。
在本发明应用较佳的实施方式中,组合物中,疫苗活性成分、佐剂和吸收促进剂的质量比包括不限于:(1-10):(0.1-10):(1-80)。组合物中,疫苗活性成分、佐剂和吸收促进剂的质量比例如是1:1:80、2:1:80、4:1:80、5:1:80、6:1:80、7:1:80、8:1:80、9:1:80、10:1:80、1:10:50、1:5:5或1:10:60。
第二方面,本发明还提供了上述口服疫苗组合物在制备预防或治疗幽门螺杆菌感染的口服产品中的应用,口服产品为疫苗。
药物或疫苗的形态包括不限于:固体、液体或半固体。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明提供了一种吸收促进剂—脱氧胆酸或脱氧胆酸盐,脱氧胆酸或脱氧胆酸盐能够作为吸收促进剂提高机体的免疫应答水平,大幅提高机体中抗体的滴度,能明显提高幽门螺杆菌血清特异性IgG和肠道特异性sIgA,具有良好的制备口服免疫原性组合物的应用前景。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本发明实施例1-3以及对比例1-3提供的幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗的血清IgG检测结果统计图;
图2是本发明实施例1-3以及对比例1-3提供的幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗的肠道sIgA检测结果统计图;
图3是本发明实施例1、实施例4-6以及对比例1、对比例4-6提供的幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗的血清IgG检测结果统计图;
图4是本发明实施例1、实施例4-6以及对比例1、对比例4-6提供的幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗的肠道sIgA检测结果统计图;
图5是本发明实施例7以及对比例7-9提供的幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗的血清IgG(左)及肠道sIgA(右)试验结果。
具体实施方式
现将详细地提供本发明实施方式的参考,其一个或多个实例描述于下文。提供每一实例作为解释而非限制本发明。实际上,对本领域技术人员而言,显而易见的是,可以对本发明进行多种修改和变化而不背离本发明的范围或精神。例如,作为一个实施方式的部分而说明或描述的特征可以用于另一实施方式中,来产生更进一步的实施方式。
除非另外指明,否则实践本发明将采用细胞生物学、分子生物学(包含重组技术)、微生物学、生物化学和免疫学的常规技术,所述常规技术在本领域技术人员的能力范围内。文献中充分解释了这种技术,如《分子克隆:实验室手册(Molecular Cloning:ALaboratory Manual)》,第二版(Sambrook等人,1989);《寡核苷酸合成(OligonucleotideSynthesis)》(M.J.Gait编,1984);《动物细胞培养(Animal Cell Culture)》(R.I.Freshney编,1987);《酶学方法(Methods in Enzymology)》(学术出版社有限公司(Academic Press,Inc.);《实验免疫学手册(Handbook of Experimental Immunology)》(D.M.Weir和C.C.Blackwell编);《哺乳动物细胞用基因转移载体(Gene Transfer Vectors forMammalian Cells)》(J.M.Miller和M.P.Calos编,1987);《当代分子生物学方法(CurrentProtocols inMolecular Biology)》(F.M.Ausubel等人编,1987);《PCR:聚合酶链反应(PCR:The Polymerase Chain Reaction)》(Mullis等人编,1994);以及《当代免疫学方法(Current Protocols in Immunology)》(J.E.Coligan等人编,1991),所述文献中的每个文献均通过引用明确并入本文中。
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
以下结合实施例对本发明的特征和性能作进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌UreB抗原、CpG1018佐剂和吸收促进剂脱氧胆酸钠。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的UreB抗原、0.05mg的CpG1018佐剂和4mg的脱氧胆酸钠。
CpG1018生产厂家为凯莱英医药集团(天津)股份有限公司,批号为CKs128503-01-03-01。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌UreB抗原、LTB佐剂和吸收促进剂脱氧胆酸钠。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的UreB抗原、0.5mg的LTB佐剂和4mg的脱氧胆酸钠。
LTB佐剂为自制,LTB佐剂具体的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示:
APQSITELCSEYRNTQIYTINDKILSYTESMAGKREMVIITFKSGATFQVEVPGSQHIDSQKKAIERMKDTLRITYLTETKIDKLCVWNNKTPNSIAAISMEN。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌UreB抗原、CTB佐剂和吸收促进剂脱氧胆酸钠。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的UreB抗原、0.5mg的CTB佐剂和4mg的脱氧胆酸钠。
霍乱毒素B亚单位(CTB)佐剂生产厂家为爱必信(上海)生物科技有限公司,批号:22040701。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌UreA抗原、CpG1018佐剂和吸收促进剂脱氧胆酸钠。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的UreA抗原、0.05mg的CpG1018佐剂和4mg的脱氧胆酸钠。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌Hp-NAP抗原、CpG1018佐剂和吸收促进剂脱氧胆酸钠。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的Hp-NAP抗原、0.05mg的CpG1018佐剂和4mg的脱氧胆酸钠。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
实施例6
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌HpaA抗原、CpG1018佐剂和吸收促进剂脱氧胆酸钠。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的HpaA抗原、0.5mg的CpG1018佐剂和4mg的脱氧胆酸钠。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
实施例7
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌UreB抗原、CpG1018佐剂和吸收促进剂脱氧胆酸钠。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的UreB抗原、0.5mg的CpG1018佐剂和4mg的脱氧胆酸钠。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
对比例1
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌UreB抗原和CpG1018佐剂。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的UreB抗原、0.05mg的CpG1018佐剂。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
对比例2
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌UreB抗原和LTB佐剂。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的UreB抗原、0.5mg的LTB佐剂。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
对比例3
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌UreB抗原和CTB佐剂。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的UreB抗原、0.5mg的CTB佐剂。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
对比例4
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌UreA抗原和CpG1018佐剂。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的UreA抗原、0.05mg的CpG1018佐剂。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
对比例5
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌Hp-NAP抗原和CpG1018佐剂。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的Hp-NAP抗原、0.05mg的CpG1018佐剂。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
对比例6
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌HpaA抗原和CpG1018佐剂。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的HpaA抗原、0.05mg的CpG1018佐剂。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
对比例7
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌UreB抗原、CpG1018佐剂和癸酸钠。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的UreB抗原、0.05mg的CpG1018佐剂和4mg的癸酸钠。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
对比例8
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌UreB抗原、CpG1018佐剂和SNAC。SNAC 即为(8-[2-羟基苯甲酰基]-氨基)辛酸钠。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的UreB抗原、0.05mg的CpG1018佐剂和4mg的SNAC。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
对比例9
本实施例提供了一种幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗,其包括疫苗活性成分幽门螺杆菌UreB抗原、CpG1018佐剂。每0.8ml的单位体积中,含0.5mg的UreB抗原、0.05mg的CpG1018佐剂。
制备方法如下:将上述配比的各原料进行混合,即制得幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗。
实验例1
将实施例1-3以及对比例1-3制备的幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗进行免疫试验,试验分组和免疫程序具体如表1所示:
表 1 试验分组和免疫程序汇总表
免疫采购雌性BALB/c 小鼠若干,进行免疫,灌胃免疫参照《口服重组幽门螺杆菌疫苗(大肠杆菌)药效学实验标准操作规程》,提前一天断食,第二天早上断水。
免疫前处理:灌完胃酸中和液,立即灌疫苗(30min内完成整个免疫过程),继续断食2h,恢复小鼠食、水。
2.采样
末次免疫后14d,各组采尾血、检测IgG,取肠测sIgA,参照《口服重组幽门螺杆菌疫苗(大肠杆菌)药效学实验标准操作规程》。
3.样品检测
ELISA检测血清IgG和肠组织上清sIgA,根据免疫抗原确定每组包被UreB/HpaA(UreB(5μg/ml)和HpaA(5μg/ml));血清做1:50、1:200、1:800、1:3200、1:12800、1:51200、1:204800和1:819200八个梯度,肠组织上清做1:10、1:20、1:40、1:80、1:160、1:320、1:640和1:1280八个滴度。
ELISA检测步骤具体如下:
1)实验仪器
纯水仪(型号ZYMICRO-II-20T 四川卓越水处理设备有限公司),酶标板(型号),酶标仪(型号A51119600 Thermo Fisher Scientific),微量洗板机(型号1575 Bio-RadLaboratories),电热恒温培养箱(型号DHP-9052上海一恒科学仪器有限公司),移液器(型号10uL、100uL、200uL、300uL、1000uL ,5mL,10mLeppendorf公司)。
2)实验试剂
纯化水(电阻率不低于18.25MΩ·cm)、碳酸钠(Na2CO3)、碳酸氢钠(NaHCO3)、12水磷酸氢二钠(Na2HPO4·12H2O)、2水磷酸二氢钠(NaH2PO4·2H2O)、蔗糖、酪蛋白、BSA、Proclin300、氨基比林、小牛血、聚山梨酯20(Tween 20)、氯化钠(NaCl)、氯化钾(KCl)、磷酸二氢钾(KH2PO4)、硫柳汞钠、TMB显色液、硫酸、HRP标记山羊抗小鼠IgG二抗。
3)实验试剂配制
包被液:在电子天平上称取Na2CO314.345g,NaHCO330.68g,加入蒸馏水500mL,溶解混匀后,定容至1000mL,标识:10xCBS,包被时需用UP水稀释10倍至1xCBS。
抗体稀释液(酶稀):在电子天平上称取Na2HPO4·12H2O 5.80g,NaH2PO4·2H2O0.592g,酪蛋白5.00g,氨基比林0.50g,加入蒸馏水500mL,溶解混匀,用移液器加Tween200.5mL,定容至1000mL,加入小牛血清1000mL,Proclin 300 1mL,充分混匀。
洗涤液:取规格为23.48g/袋 PBS溶于2000 mL纯水中,加入1mL Tween 20,充分混匀。
封闭液:在电子天平上称取Na2HPO4·12H2O 5.80g,NaH2PO4·2H2O 0.59g,蔗糖100.00g,酪蛋白1.00g,BSA 10.00g,加入蒸馏水500mL,溶解混匀,定容至1000mL,加入Proclin 300 1mL,充分混匀。
终止液(2mol/L硫酸):量取443.9mL超纯水于试剂瓶中,后用移液器缓慢加入56.1mL浓硫酸,并使其完全混匀。
4)实验方法
(1)包被:用包被液稀释抗原至所需浓度(Ureb包被浓度5ug/mL,HpaA包被浓度5ug/mL,SS1全菌蛋白50ug/mL),100 μL/孔包被酶联板,充分震荡铺匀,4℃冰箱放置过夜或者37℃ 2 h。
(2)封闭:采用洗涤液洗板3次,每次加液300 μL,震动30 s,吸液2.5 s。封闭液200μL/孔封闭酶联条,4℃冰箱放置过夜或者 37℃ 2 h。
(3)加入一抗:采用洗涤液洗板3次,每次加液300 μL,震动30 s,吸液 2.5 s。将疫苗免疫动物血清用抗体稀释液稀释至 1:12800,同时用生理盐水免疫动物所得血清作阴性对照,按相应实验组血清的最低稀释度稀释,振荡摇匀后37℃,温箱孵育2h。
(4)加入二抗:采用洗涤液洗板3次,每次加液300 μL,震动30 s,吸液2.5 s。将HRP标记的二抗 IgG 用抗体稀释液 1:10000 倍稀释,100 μL/孔加入,振荡摇匀,37℃温箱孵育1h。
(5)显色:采用洗涤液洗板5次,每次加液300 μL,震动 30 s,吸液2.5 s。100 μL/孔加入TMB显色液,于37℃温箱暗处显色 15 min。
(6)终止反应:显色结束时 50 μL/孔加入 2 mol/L 的 H2SO4终止反应。采用酶标仪检测450 nm下各孔OD值。
(7)统计方法:采用A样品/A阴性值>2.1 为阳性标准。
血清IgG及肠道sIgA试验结果如图1和图2所示,blank指空白对照。在佐剂分别为CpG1018、LTB和CTB的情况下,脱氧胆酸钠的加入都显著提高了UreB特异性的血清IgG和肠道sIgA。
实验例2
将实施例1、实施例4-6以及对比例1、对比例4-6制备的幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗进行免疫试验,试验分组和免疫程序具体如表2所示:
表 2试验分组和免疫程序汇总表
按照实验例1所示的方法进行免疫试验,血清IgG及肠道sIgA试验结果分别参照图3和图4所示,在佐剂为CpG1018的情况下,脱氧胆酸钠的加入都显著地分别提高了UreB、UreA、Hp-NAP和HpaA特异性的血清IgG和肠道sIgA。
实验例3
将实施例7以及对比例7-9制备的幽门螺杆菌感染的口服亚单位疫苗进行免疫试验,试验分组和免疫程序具体如表3所示:
表 3试验分组和免疫程序汇总表
按照实验例1所示的方法进行免疫试验,血清IgG(左)及肠道sIgA(右)试验结果分别参照图5所示。图5中的blank指空白对照。结果显示,将脱氧胆酸钠替换为癸酸钠和SNAC两种吸收促进剂会导致血清IgG水平和肠道sIgA的水平显著下降。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种口服疫苗组合物,其特征在于,其包括:疫苗活性成分、佐剂和吸收促进剂,所述疫苗活性成分选自幽门螺杆菌的抗原;
所述吸收促进剂包括脱氧胆酸盐;所述抗原选自UreA、UreB、Hp-NAP、HpaA中的任意一种抗原、或选自以上抗原中的至少两种的抗原的融合蛋白;所述佐剂为CpG 1018。
2.根据权利要求1所述的口服疫苗组合物,其特征在于,所述脱氧胆酸盐选自脱氧胆酸钠、脱氧胆酸钾和脱氧胆酸钙中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的口服疫苗组合物,其特征在于,所述口服疫苗组合物中,疫苗活性成分、佐剂和吸收促进剂的质量比为(1-10):(0.1-10):(1-80)。
4.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的口服疫苗组合物在制备预防或治疗幽门螺杆菌感染的口服产品中的应用,其特征在于,所述口服产品为疫苗。
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