CN117448636A - Preparation and processing method of high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy - Google Patents
Preparation and processing method of high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000714 At alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation and processing method of a high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, belonging to the field of aluminum alloy processing and manufacturing; the alloy consists of the following components: mg:2.0 to 6.0 percent, mn:0.5 to 1.5 percent, zr:0.1 to 0.5 percent, cr:0.1 to 0.5 percent, mo:0.1 to 0.5 percent, and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities; the preparation method comprises the following steps: smelting to obtain as-cast alloy, creatively using high-temperature pre-ageing treatment aiming at alloy characteristics, wherein the pre-ageing temperature is 200-300 ℃ for 8-36 h, and then cooling; and (3) pre-deforming the pre-aged sample at room temperature by 2-15%, then performing artificial aging hardening treatment, and finally performing hot rolling treatment. The invention discloses a high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, creatively combines high-temperature pre-ageing treatment and pre-deformation treatment, can effectively shorten the time for reaching peak strength of the alloy on one hand, and can effectively improve the dispersion strengthening effect of the alloy on the other hand, so that the mechanical property is far higher than that of the conventional heat-resistant aluminum alloy at present, and the application range of the heat-resistant aluminum alloy is expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation and processing method of a high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, belonging to the field of aluminum alloy processing and manufacturing.
Background
The 5000-series Al-Mg-based alloy is widely applied to the fields of marine ships, automobile parts, welded structural parts and the like due to the good combination of high specific strength, high rigidity, corrosion resistance and weldability. Conventional 5xxx series aluminum alloys are non-age-hardenable aluminum alloys that achieve moderate strength primarily through solid solution strengthening and work hardening of the solute Mg atoms.
In order to improve the mechanical properties of the non-aging-strengthened aluminum alloy, dispersion strengthening is realized by adding microalloying elements. Therefore, by adding Mn element to 5000 series aluminum alloy, decomposition of supersaturated solid solution is realized during heat treatment, thereby producing Mn dispersed phase containing complex crystal structure. These Mn-containing dispersed phases make it possible to obtain an additional dispersion strengthening effect in conventional non-age-hardenable aluminium alloys. In general, the dispersion strengthening effect of these dispersed phases depends mainly on their type, morphology, size and number density in the matrix, all of which vary significantly from one microalloying and processing process to another.
At present, different single-stage and multi-stage aging treatments are mainly adopted to promote precipitation of Mn-containing dispersed phases in the Al-Mg-Mn alloy, but an obvious dispersion strengthening effect cannot be achieved only by means of the existing heat treatment process. On the other hand, the uneven distribution of Mn-containing dispersed phases is a common phenomenon after aging treatment of Mn-containing aluminum alloys. Due to micro segregation in the solidification process, a non-dispersion precipitation zone is formed at the center of dendrite, and the dispersion strengthening effect is further weakened. Conventional aging treatment has difficulty in reducing or eliminating the non-dispersed precipitate bands at the dendrite centers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop other solutions to achieve better dispersion strengthening effect of Mn-containing dispersed phases in 5000 alloys. In addition, in order to ensure the thermal stability of the alloy material in a high-temperature service state, it is imperative to further improve the thermal stability of Mn-rich dispersed phase.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation and processing method of a high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, aiming at improving the aging response capability and strength of the heat-resistant dispersion strengthening aluminum alloy.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: mg:2.0 to 6.0 percent, mn:0.5 to 1.5 percent, zr:0.1 to 0.5 percent, cr:0.1 to 0.5 percent, mo:0.1 to 0.5 percent, and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities; wherein the impurity comes from raw materials, which are unavoidable, and the impurity content is: si:0.1-0.5%, fe:0.1-0.5%, cu is less than or equal to 0.05%, and Zn is less than or equal to 0.05%.
The invention also provides a preparation and processing method of the Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, which comprises the following steps:
proportioning according to the component proportion to obtain a mixed raw material;
pouring the mixed raw materials after heating and melting to obtain an ingot;
carrying out high-temperature pre-ageing treatment on the cast ingot alloy, and then cooling; and pre-deforming the sample after the pre-ageing treatment, then performing artificial ageing hardening treatment, and finally performing hot rolling treatment to obtain the rolled plate.
Preferably, the ingot casting process specifically comprises the following steps:
heating the mixed raw materials to 850-900 ℃, preserving heat for 30-50 min after melting, cooling to 740-760 ℃ for flowing argon and degassing, standing the obtained melt for slag skimming, and pouring the obtained melt into a die preheated to 200-250 ℃ at 730-750 ℃ to obtain an ingot.
Preferably, the pre-ageing temperature is between 200 and 300 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5 to 36 hours, and then air cooling or quenching is carried out to room temperature.
Preferably, the pre-deformation process is cold rolling deformation at room temperature, the pass reduction is 1-3%, and the total reductionThe amount is 5-15%; or preshaping at room temperature at a stretching rate of 1×10 -3 s -1 The strain is 2-6%;
preferably, the artificial aging hardening treatment is carried out at a temperature of 400-425 ℃ for 4-24 hours.
Preferably, the temperature of the hot rolling is 280-320 ℃, the pass reduction is 5-10%, and the total reduction is 65% -75%.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. the invention discloses a high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, which utilizes Zr, cr, mo multielement synergistic microalloying to promote nano alpha phase and Al 3 The precipitation of Zr dispersion particles is beneficial to improving the room temperature and high temperature strength of the alloy.
2. The invention also discloses a preparation and processing method of the Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, which inhibits the formation of a non-dispersed particle precipitation zone in the alloy and improves the precipitation density of a dispersed phase and refines the size of the dispersed phase by carrying out the synergistic effect of preaging and preaging on the as-cast alloy, thereby improving the strength of the alloy,
drawings
FIG. 1 shows the hardness change during aging at 400℃of the alloys of example 1, reference example 1 and reference example 2 after various pretreatment processes.
FIG. 2 is a TEM bright field image of the alloy of example 1 after aging at 400℃for 12 hours.
FIG. 3 is a TEM bright field image of the alloy of reference example 1 after aging at 400℃for 12 hours.
FIG. 4 is a TEM bright field image of the alloy of reference example 2 after aging at 400℃for 12 hours.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific examples which will assist the person skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that several modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation and processing method of the high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing an Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, wherein the alloy comprises the following components: mg:4.0%, mn:1.0%, zr:0.2%, cr:0.2%, mo:0.2%, the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurities are derived from raw materials, unavoidable impurities are contained in the alloy: fe:0.3%, si:0.2%, cu:0.05%, zn:0.05%. Heating the raw materials to 875 ℃ after proportioning, preserving heat for 40min after complete melting, stirring with a stone mill rod for multiple times, then cooling to 750 ℃ for flowing argon and degassing for 3-5 min, standing the melt, skimming slag, and pouring the melt into a mould (steel mould, copper mould and graphite mould) preheated to 200 ℃ at 730-750 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
and 2, carrying out pre-aging treatment on the as-cast Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy obtained in the step 1 at 300 ℃. The pre-ageing treatment time is 8 hours, and the air cooling is carried out to room temperature;
step 3, cold rolling the alloy sheet obtained in the step 2 at room temperature, wherein the pass reduction is 2%, and the rolling speed is 0.1ms -1 Total reduction 10%;
and 4, carrying out isothermal aging treatment on the alloy obtained in the step 3 at 400 ℃.
And 5, carrying out hot rolling treatment on the alloy obtained after ageing treatment for 12 hours at 400 ℃ in the step 4, wherein the rolling temperature is 320 ℃, the pass reduction is 10%, and the total reduction is 70%.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the hardness change of the alloy during aging in step 4. Fig. 2 shows the TEM bright field image of the alloy after aging at 400 ℃ for 12 hours in step 4. Table 2 shows the statistical distribution of the precipitated phases after aging the alloy at 400℃for 12 hours in step 4. And (3) carrying out room temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (4) after ageing treatment for 12 hours at 400 ℃. The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 178.5.+ -. 2.5MPa, the tensile strength is 291.9.+ -. 10.8MPa, and the elongation is 7.1.+ -. 0.5%. And (5) carrying out room-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (5). The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 310.5 + -1.3 MPa, the tensile strength is 395.6 + -8.7 MPa, and the elongation is 11.1+ -0.6%. And (5) carrying out 300 ℃ high-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (5). The tensile properties are shown in Table 3, the final yield strength is 119.2.+ -. 2.8MPa, the tensile strength is 119.2.+ -. 2.8MPa, and the elongation is 45.5.+ -. 5.6%.
Example 2
The preparation and processing method of the high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing an Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, wherein the alloy comprises the following components: mg:4.0%, mn:1.0%, zr:0.2%, cr:0.2%, mo:0.1%, the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurities are derived from raw materials, unavoidable impurities are contained in the alloy: fe:0.3%, si:0.2%, cu:0.05%, zn:0.05%. Heating the raw materials to 875 ℃ after proportioning, preserving heat for 40min after complete melting, stirring with a stone mill rod for multiple times, then cooling to 750 ℃ for flowing argon and degassing for 3-5 min, standing the melt, skimming slag, and pouring the melt into a mould (steel mould, copper mould and graphite mould) preheated to 200 ℃ at 730-750 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
and 2, carrying out pre-aging treatment on the as-cast Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy obtained in the step 1 at 200 ℃. The pre-ageing treatment time is 36h, and quenching is carried out to room temperature;
step 3, cold rolling the alloy obtained in the step 2 at room temperature, wherein the pass reduction is 3%, and the rolling speed is 0.1ms -1 Total depression 15%;
and 4, aging the alloy obtained in the step 3 at 425 ℃ for 12 hours.
And 5, carrying out hot rolling treatment on the alloy obtained in the step 4, wherein the rolling temperature is 300 ℃, the pass reduction is 10%, and the total reduction is 75%.
And (3) carrying out room-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (4). The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 175.5.+ -. 3.6MPa, the tensile strength is 286.9.+ -. 8.7MPa, and the elongation is 6.2.+ -. 1.3%. And (5) carrying out room-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (5). The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 304.6 + -2.6 MPa, the tensile strength is 393.8 + -6.2 MPa, and the elongation is 10.2+ -0.7%.
Example 3
The preparation and processing method of the high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing an Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, wherein the alloy comprises the following components: mg:4.0%, mn:1.0%, zr:0.2%, cr:0.1%, mo:0.1%, the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurities are derived from raw materials, unavoidable impurities are contained in the alloy: fe:0.3%, si:0.2%, cu:0.05%, zn:0.05%. Heating the raw materials to 875 ℃ after proportioning, preserving heat for 40min after complete melting, stirring with a stone mill rod for multiple times, then cooling to 750 ℃ for flowing argon and degassing for 3-5 min, standing the melt, skimming slag, and pouring the melt into a mould (steel mould, copper mould and graphite mould) preheated to 200 ℃ at 730-750 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
and 2, carrying out pre-aging treatment on the as-cast Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy obtained in the step 1 at 300 ℃. The pre-ageing treatment time is 30min, and quenching is carried out to room temperature;
step 3, stretching the alloy obtained in the step 2 at room temperature, wherein the strain rate is 1 multiplied by 10 -3 s -1 6% of strain;
and 4, aging the alloy obtained in the step 3 at 400 ℃ for 24 hours.
And 5, carrying out hot rolling treatment on the alloy obtained in the step 4, wherein the rolling temperature is 300 ℃, the pass reduction is 10%, and the total reduction is 70%.
And (3) carrying out room-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (4). The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 176.3.+ -. 2.4MPa, the tensile strength is 289.3.+ -. 5.5MPa, and the elongation is 6.7.+ -. 0.8%. And (5) carrying out room-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (5). The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 305.7.+ -. 3.8MPa, the tensile strength is 393.7.+ -. 4.2MPa, and the elongation is 9.6.+ -. 1.1%.
Example 4
The preparation and processing method of the high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing an Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, wherein the alloy comprises the following components: mg:4.0%, mn:1.0%, zr:0.2%, cr:0.1%, mo:0.2%, the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurities are derived from raw materials, unavoidable impurities are contained in the alloy: fe:0.3%, si:0.2%, cu:0.05%, zn:0.05%. Heating the raw materials to 875 ℃ after proportioning, preserving heat for 40min after complete melting, stirring with a stone mill rod for multiple times, then cooling to 750 ℃ for flowing argon and degassing for 3-5 min, standing the melt, skimming slag, and pouring the melt into a mould (steel mould, copper mould and graphite mould) preheated to 200 ℃ at 730-750 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
and 2, carrying out pre-aging treatment on the as-cast Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy obtained in the step 1 at 300 ℃. The pre-ageing treatment time is 12h, and the air cooling is carried out to room temperature;
step 3, stretching the alloy obtained in the step 2 at room temperature, wherein the strain rate is 1 multiplied by 10 -3 s -1 6% of strain;
and 4, aging the alloy obtained in the step 3 at 425 ℃ for 24 hours.
And 5, carrying out hot rolling treatment on the alloy obtained in the step 4, wherein the rolling temperature is 300 ℃, the pass reduction is 10%, and the total reduction is 70%.
And (3) carrying out room-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (4). The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 175.8.+ -. 1.9MPa, the tensile strength is 288.9.+ -. 6.3MPa, and the elongation is 6.3.+ -. 0.7%. And (5) carrying out room-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (5). The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 301.8.+ -. 5.1MPa, the tensile strength is 388.4.+ -. 6.1MPa, and the elongation is 9.3.+ -. 0.8%.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example adopts a high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy as a research example, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing an Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, wherein the alloy comprises the following components: mg:4.0%, mn:1.0%, zr:0.2%, cr:0.2%, mo:0.2%, the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurities are derived from raw materials, unavoidable impurities are contained in the alloy: fe:0.3%, si:0.2%, cu:0.05%, zn:0.05%. Heating the raw materials to 875 ℃ after proportioning, preserving heat for 40min after complete melting, stirring with a stone mill rod for multiple times, then cooling to 750 ℃ for flowing argon and degassing for 3-5 min, standing the melt, skimming slag, and pouring the melt into a mould (steel mould, copper mould and graphite mould) preheated to 200 ℃ at 730-750 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
step 2, cold rolling the alloy obtained in the step 1 at room temperature, wherein the pass reduction is 2%, and the rolling speed is 0.1ms -1 Total reduction 10%;
and 3, aging the alloy obtained in the step 2 at 400 ℃.
And 4, carrying out hot rolling treatment on the alloy obtained after ageing treatment for 12 hours at 400 ℃ in the step 3, wherein the rolling temperature is 320 ℃, the pass reduction is 10%, and the total reduction is 70%.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the hardness change of the alloy during aging in step 3. Fig. 3 shows the TEM bright field image of the alloy after aging at 400 ℃ for 12 hours in step 3. Table 2 shows the statistical distribution of the precipitated phases after aging the alloy at 400℃for 12 hours in step 3. And (3) carrying out room temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy in the step (3) after ageing treatment for 12 hours at 400 ℃. The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 173.9 + -1.1 MPa, the tensile strength is 251.0 + -8.5 MPa, and the elongation is 5.4+ -0.6%. And (3) carrying out room-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (4). The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 290.4.+ -. 2.6MPa, the tensile strength is 361.5.+ -. 5.4MPa, and the elongation is 12.5.+ -. 0.7%.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example adopts a high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy as a research example, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing an Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, wherein the alloy comprises the following components: mg:4.0%, mn:1.0%, zr:0.2%, cr:0.2%, mo:0.2%, the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurities are derived from raw materials, unavoidable impurities are contained in the alloy: fe:0.3%, si:0.2%, cu:0.05%, zn:0.05%. Heating the raw materials to 875 ℃ after proportioning, preserving heat for 40min after complete melting, stirring with a stone mill rod for multiple times, then cooling to 750 ℃ for flowing argon and degassing for 3-5 min, standing the melt, skimming slag, and pouring the melt into a mould (steel mould, copper mould and graphite mould) preheated to 200 ℃ at 730-750 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
and 2, aging the alloy obtained in the step 1 at 400 ℃.
And 3, carrying out hot rolling treatment on the alloy obtained after ageing treatment for 12 hours at 400 ℃ in the step 2, wherein the rolling temperature is 320 ℃, the pass reduction is 10%, and the total reduction is 70%.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the hardness change of the alloy during aging in step 2. Fig. 4 shows the TEM bright field image of the alloy after aging at 400 ℃ for 12 hours in step 2. Table 2 shows the statistical distribution of the precipitated phases after aging the alloy at 400℃for 12 hours in step 2. And (3) carrying out room temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (2) after ageing treatment for 12 hours at 400 ℃. The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 133.4.+ -. 5.1MPa, the tensile strength is 208.5.+ -. 15.7MPa, and the elongation is 5.8.+ -. 0.8%. And (3) carrying out room-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (3). The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 252.8.+ -. 3.4MPa, the tensile strength is 321.8.+ -. 6.7MPa, and the elongation is 9.8.+ -. 2.1%.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example adopts a high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy as a research example, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing an Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, wherein the alloy comprises the following components: mg:4.0%, mn:1.0%, zr:0.2%, cr:0.2%, mo:0.1%, the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurities are derived from raw materials, unavoidable impurities are contained in the alloy: fe:0.3%, si:0.2%, cu:0.05%, zn:0.05%. Heating the raw materials to 875 ℃ after proportioning, preserving heat for 40min after complete melting, stirring with a stone mill rod for multiple times, then cooling to 750 ℃ for flowing argon and degassing for 3-5 min, standing the melt, skimming slag, and pouring the melt into a mould (steel mould, copper mould and graphite mould) preheated to 200 ℃ at 730-750 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
and 2, carrying out pre-aging treatment on the as-cast Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy obtained in the step 1 at 200 ℃. The pre-ageing treatment time is 24 hours, and the quenching is carried out to room temperature;
and 3, aging the alloy obtained in the step 2 at 400 ℃ for 20 hours.
And 4, carrying out hot rolling treatment on the alloy obtained in the step 3, wherein the rolling temperature is 300 ℃, the pass reduction is 10%, and the total reduction is 70%.
And (3) carrying out room-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (3). The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 151.4 + -3.1 MPa, the tensile strength is 220.4+ -8.6 MPa, and the elongation is 5.6+ -0.7%. And (3) carrying out room-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (4). The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 252.8.+ -. 3.4MPa, the tensile strength is 321.8.+ -. 6.7MPa, and the elongation is 9.8.+ -. 2.1%.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example uses an Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr alloy as a study example, comprising the steps of:
step 1, preparing an Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr alloy, wherein the alloy comprises the following components: mg:4.0%, mn:1.0%, zr:0.2%, cr:0.1%, the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurities are derived from raw materials, unavoidable impurities are contained in the alloy: fe:0.3%, si:0.2%, cu:0.05%, zn:0.05%. Heating the raw materials to 780 ℃ after proportioning, preserving heat for 40min after complete melting, stirring with a stone mill rod for multiple times, then cooling to 750 ℃ for flowing argon and degassing for 3-5 min, standing the melt, skimming slag, and pouring the melt into a die (steel die, copper die and graphite die) preheated to 200 ℃ at 730-750 ℃ to obtain an ingot;
and 2, carrying out pre-aging treatment on the as-cast Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr alloy obtained in the step 1 at 300 ℃. The pre-ageing treatment time is 8 hours, and the air cooling is carried out to room temperature;
step 3, cold rolling the alloy sheet obtained in the step 2 at room temperature, wherein the pass reduction is 2%, and the rolling speed is 0.1ms -1 Total reduction 10%;
and 4, aging the alloy obtained in the step 3 at 400 ℃ for 12 hours.
And 5, carrying out hot rolling treatment on the alloy obtained in the step 4, wherein the rolling temperature is 320 ℃, the pass reduction is 10%, and the total reduction is 70%.
And (3) carrying out room-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (4). The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 165.5.+ -. 2.6MPa, the tensile strength is 282.4.+ -. 5.7MPa, and the elongation is 6.4.+ -. 1.3%. And (5) carrying out room-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (5). The tensile properties are shown in Table 1, the final yield strength is 281.8 + -2.5 MPa, the tensile strength is 375.7 + -8.7 MPa, and the elongation is 9.7+ -2.4%. And (5) carrying out 300 ℃ high-temperature tensile mechanical property test on the alloy obtained in the step (5). The tensile properties are shown in Table 3, the final yield strength is 91.3.+ -. 3.7MPa, the tensile strength is 91.3.+ -. 3.7MPa, and the elongation is 37.2.+ -. 4.9%.
Table 1, room temperature tensile properties test for each example and comparative example.
Table 2, statistical distribution of precipitated phases for respective states of examples and comparative examples.
| Alloy | Status of | Equivalent radius/nm | Number density/m -3 | Volume fraction/% |
| Example 1 | 400℃/12h | 40.2 | 6.4×10 20 | 17.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 400℃/12h | 50.6 | 3.3×10 20 | 17.7 |
| Comparative example 2 | 400℃/12h | 80.8 | 5.2×10 19 | 12.1 |
Table 3, corresponding conditions of examples and comparative examples, high temperature tensile properties at 300 c were tested for comparison.
As can be seen from tables 1 and 3, example 1 shows a stronger heat resistance than comparative example 4, mainly due to the multi-element synergistic microalloying of Zr, cr, mo, etc., promoting precipitation of high density nano-scale alpha phase and Al 3 Zr dispersed particles, which directly provide considerable strength; in the subsequent rolling annealing process, the effect of inhibiting the recrystallization indirect strengtheningThe strength of the final finished product is greatly improved because the strength is still maintained.
It can be seen from fig. 1 that the example 1 alloy, after pre-ageing + pre-deformation treatment, has a significantly improved hardness and a significantly reduced time to peak hardness compared to the comparative example 2 as-cast alloy. While the hardness at each aging stage is somewhat increased compared to the alloy of comparative example 1, which has been subjected to only pre-deformation. Meanwhile, the alloy hardness of the example 1 can be seen to be still kept at a high level after long-time high-temperature aging treatment. The method shows that the pre-ageing and pre-deformation treatment process can accelerate the ageing response process of the Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, and can further improve the dispersion strengthening effect of the alloy and maintain higher heat resistance.
As can be seen from fig. 2 to 4, after the alloy is subjected to the pre-ageing and pre-deformation treatment process, the distribution of the precipitated phases is obviously refined and the quantity is obviously improved. In two alloys comprising the pre-deformation treatment process, the distribution of the precipitated phases along the dislocation lines can be observed, which means that the pre-deformation process can increase nucleation sites of the alpha phase by introducing dislocations, thereby improving the dispersion strengthening effect of the alloy. From table 2, it can be seen that example 1 has significantly higher number density and smaller size of the precipitated phase than comparative examples 1 and 2, indicating that the pre-aging + pre-deformation treatment process can effectively promote precipitation of the alpha phase, which is consistent with the hardness change in fig. 1.
In conclusion, the invention discloses a preparation and processing method of a high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy, which firstly utilizes the multi-element synergistic microalloying of Zr, cr and Mo to promote the nano-scale alpha phase and Al 3 The precipitation of Zr dispersion particles is beneficial to improving the room temperature and high temperature strength of the alloy. Secondly, the combination of the pre-deformation and the pre-aging can effectively shorten the time for the alloy to reach the peak strength on one hand, and can effectively improve the dispersion strengthening effect of the alloy on the other hand, so that the mechanical property is far superior to that of the conventional Al-Mg-Mn alloy at present, and the application range of the Al-Mg-Mn alloy is expanded.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (7)
1. A high heat-resistant dispersion strengthening Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy is characterized in that: the components are as follows by mass percent: mg:2.0 to 6.0 percent, mn:0.5 to 1.5 percent, zr:0.1 to 0.5 percent, cr:0.1 to 0.5 percent, mo:0.1 to 0.5 percent, and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities; wherein the impurity comes from raw materials, which are unavoidable, and the impurity content is: si:0.1-0.5%, fe:0.1-0.5%, cu is less than or equal to 0.05%, and Zn is less than or equal to 0.05%.
2. A method for preparing the high heat resistant dispersion strengthened Al-Mg-Mn-Zr-Cr-Mo alloy according to claim 1, wherein: proportioning according to the component proportion to obtain a mixed raw material; pouring the mixed raw materials after heating and melting to obtain an ingot; carrying out high-temperature pre-ageing treatment on the cast ingot alloy, and then cooling; and pre-deforming the sample after the pre-ageing treatment, then performing artificial ageing hardening treatment, and finally performing hot rolling treatment to obtain the rolled plate.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the method for heating and melting comprises the following steps: heating the mixed raw materials to 850-900 ℃, preserving heat for 30-50 min after melting, cooling to 740-760 ℃ for flowing argon and degassing, standing the obtained melt for slag skimming, and pouring the obtained melt into a die preheated to 200-250 ℃ at 730-750 ℃ to obtain an ingot.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein: the high-temperature pre-ageing treatment method comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the ingot alloy at the temperature of 200-300 ℃, preserving the heat for 0.5-36h, and then air-cooling or quenching to room temperature.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein: the pre-deformation process is as followsCold rolling at room temperature to form deformation, wherein the pass rolling reduction is 1-3% and the total rolling reduction is 5-15%; or preshaping at room temperature at a stretching rate of 1×10 -3 s -1 The strain is 2-6%.
6. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the temperature of the artificial aging hardening treatment is 400-425 ℃ and the time is 4-24 hours.
7. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the temperature of the hot rolling is 280-320 ℃, the pass reduction is 5-10%, and the total reduction is 65% -75%.
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