CN116836389B - 一种可低温固化的正性光敏性树脂、树脂组合物、其制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种可低温固化的正性光敏性树脂、树脂组合物、其制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116836389B CN116836389B CN202311117618.1A CN202311117618A CN116836389B CN 116836389 B CN116836389 B CN 116836389B CN 202311117618 A CN202311117618 A CN 202311117618A CN 116836389 B CN116836389 B CN 116836389B
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- acid
- photosensitive resin
- positive photosensitive
- iodonium
- bis
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 43
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NIDNOXCRFUCAKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2C(O)=O NIDNOXCRFUCAKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ZDYVRSLAEXCVBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1.CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 ZDYVRSLAEXCVBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000022 2-aminoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004199 4-trifluoromethylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 claims description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- MGFYSGNNHQQTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodonium Chemical compound [IH2+] MGFYSGNNHQQTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可低温固化的正性光敏性树脂、树脂组合物、其制备方法及应用,属于高分子材料技术领域。本发明的正性光敏性树脂是由包括总二酸、总二胺与分子量调节剂制备而成;所述总二酸为不饱和脂肪族二羧酸或其衍生物与饱和芳香族二羧酸或其衍生物的混合物;所述总二胺为含酚羟基芳香族二胺与含硅二胺的混合物。本发明的正性光敏性树脂组合物可在180℃固化,光刻分辨率高,耐化学药品性及粘附性能优异,同时还具有良好的力学性能及介电性能,可满足高密度扇出型晶圆级封装的使用需求,在半导体制造与封装领域具有良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域,具体涉及的是一种可低温固化的正性光敏性树脂、树脂组合物、其制备方法及应用。
背景技术
光敏性聚酰亚胺/聚苯并噁唑树脂溶液具有优良的光刻制图工艺性,固化树脂具有高耐热、高电绝缘、高强高韧等优点,广泛应用于半导体制造过程的芯片表面钝化及多层金属互连结构的层间绝缘、先进电子封装(BGA、CSP、SiP等)基板的多层布线及凸点/微焊球制作工艺、塑封电路的应力缓冲内涂保护层膜、光电显示器件的多层布线工艺等。
随着电子设备向高速、高功能化及轻薄短小化发展,封装形式也由传统QFP、TSOP等周边端子型封装,向着晶圆级芯片封装、扇出型晶圆级封装、倒装芯片、叠层封装等先进封装发展。其中,扇出型封装技术的封装高度和封装尺寸大幅度降低,可以使互联密度最大化,同时实现高带宽数据传输。因其采用的是重构晶圆,去除了传统的硅基板,大幅降低了成本,但是重构晶圆的耐热性较低,要求RDL介质材料固化温度低于200℃。目前市场上用于扇出型晶圆级封装的介质层PI或PBO的固化温度多在200-250℃(见专利文献CN108137805B、CN103502889B报道),超出了EMC的Tg(150-170℃),将会导致基板翘曲度过大,可靠性降低;此外,还要求薄膜均匀度好,否则会影响产品良率。松山大作,中村惟允(见专利文献CN108604059B、CN108604060B)报道了一种可以在低于200℃下固化的正性光敏性树脂组合物,但是其树脂结构中包含了大量饱和长链脂肪族结构基团,必然会降低固化树脂的热性能。另外,其实施例使用的是高沸点溶剂γ-丁内酯,在低于200℃温度下固化会残留部分溶剂,且其只报道了200℃固化膜的耐药液性,并未报道低于200℃固化膜的耐药液性,无法满足低于200℃应用场景的需求。而负性光敏性聚酰亚胺的光刻分辨率较低,难以满足高密度扇出型晶圆级封装技术的需求,且显影液多为有机溶剂,不利于环境保护。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种可低温固化的正性光敏性树脂、树脂组合物、其制备方法及应用,本发明的树脂组合物光刻分辨率高,可在180℃的温度下固化,固化后的图案化树脂膜耐化学药品性及粘附性能优异,可靠性高,可满足高密度扇出型晶圆级封装的使用需求。
本发明首先提供了一种正性光敏性树脂,其是由包括总二酸、总二胺与分子量调节剂制备而成;
所述正性光敏性树脂的GPC重均分子量为5000~100000,优选10000~50000;
所述总二酸为不饱和脂肪族二羧酸或其衍生物与饱和芳香族二羧酸或其衍生物的混合物;通过向树脂主链结构中引入不饱和键,可与树脂主链或末端活泼的双键或三键发生交联反应形成网状结构的树脂,提高树脂的耐化学药品性和耐热性;不饱和脂肪族二羧酸含量较低时,达不到提高树脂耐化学药品性等性能的效果;不饱和脂肪族二羧酸含量过高时,树脂交联密度过大,固化树脂薄膜收缩率过高致使基板残余应力大,影响最终产品的可靠性,且耐热性会相应降低,因此所述不饱和脂肪族二羧酸或其衍生物占总二酸的摩尔含量为1~50%,优选5~30%;这样可以使固化树脂薄膜既具有优异的耐化学药品性,同时残余应力低,耐热性优良,产品的可靠性高。
所述总二胺为含酚羟基芳香族二胺与含硅二胺的混合物;所述含硅二胺占总二胺的摩尔含量为1~20%,优选3~10%;更优选为5%;通过向树脂主链结构中引入含硅基团,可以提高树脂的粘结性。
上述的正性光敏性树脂中,所述不饱和脂肪族二羧酸或其衍生物选自反丁烯二酸、反式-2-丁烯-1,4-二甲酸、顺丁烯二酸、5-降冰片烯-2,3-二羧酸、顺戊烯二酸、反戊烯二酸、3-甲基戊烯二酸、顺-2-己烯二酸、反-2-己烯二酸、庚烯二酸、辛稀二酸、壬烯二酸、4-癸烯二酸、2-癸烯二酸、反-2-癸烯二酸、十一稀二酸、顺-2-十二烯二酸、反-2-十二烯二酸、十二烯基丁二酸、十三烯二酸、十四烯二酸、十五烯二酸、十六烯二酸、十七烯二酸、十八烯二酸、8-乙烯基-10-十八碳烯二酸中的至少一种;具体可为5-降冰片烯-2,3-二羧酸、反丁烯二酸或反式-2-丁烯-1,4-二甲酸;
所述饱和芳香族二羧酸或其衍生物选自4,4’-二苯醚二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、联苯二甲酸、二苯砜二甲酸、二苯基甲烷二甲酸和二苯酮二甲酸中的至少一种;具体可为4,4’-二苯醚二甲酸;
所述含酚羟基芳香族二胺选自2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟苯基)六氟丙烷、2,2-双(4-氨基-3-羟苯基)六氟丙烷、3,3'-二氨基-4,4'-二羟基二苯砜、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟苯基)丙烷、双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)甲烷、3,3'-二氨基-4,4'-二羟基二苯醚、4,4'-二氨基-3,3'-二羟基二苯醚、双(3-氨基-4-羟基)联苯、双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)芴、3,3'-二氨基-4,4'-二羟基二苯甲酮、4,4'-二氨基-3,3'-二羟基二苯甲酮、1,4-二氨基-2,5二羟基苯、1,3-二氨基-2,4二羟基苯和1,3-二氨基-4,6二羟基苯中的至少一种;具体可为2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟苯基)六氟丙烷;
所述含硅二胺选自1,3-二(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷、1,3-二(4-氨基丁基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷、1,3-二(2-氨基乙基)-1,1-二甲基-3,3-二乙基-二硅氧烷、1,5-二(2-氨基乙基)-1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基三硅氧烷、1,5-二(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基三硅氧烷、1-氨基丙基-5-氨基乙基-1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基三硅氧烷、1,7-二(2-氨基乙基)-1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-八甲基四硅氧烷、1,3-二(3-氨基苯基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷、1,3-二(4-氨基苯基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷、1,3-二(3-氨基丙基)-1,3-二甲基-1,3-二苯基二硅氧烷中的至少一种;具体可为1,3-二(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷。
上述的正性光敏性树脂中,所述分子量调节剂选自马来酸酐、降冰片烯二酸酐、甲基降冰片烯二酸酐、4-乙炔基邻苯二甲酸酐、4-苯乙炔苯酐中的至少一种;具体可为降冰片烯二酸酐或4-乙炔基邻苯二甲酸酐。
上述的正性光敏性树脂中,所述总二酸和总二胺在有机溶剂中进行缩聚反应;所述有机溶剂选自N’N-二甲基甲酰胺、N’N-二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基-ε-己内酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、γ-丁内酯、乳酸乙酯、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑烷酮、二甲基亚砜、二甲基砜、四亚甲基砜、四甲基脲、苯酚、m-甲酚、乳酸甲酯、乳酸丙酯、乳酸丁酯、甲苯、二甲苯、均三甲苯、二丙酮醇、甲基异丁基酮、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、环丁砜、p-甲酚、3-氯苯酚、4-氯苯酚、四氢呋喃、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、甲基乙基酮、环戊酮、环己酮、甲基丙基酮、四氢呋喃、四氢吡喃、二氧六环、二氧杂环己烷、乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇单乙醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚、丙二醇单乙醚和丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯中的至少一种;具体可为N-甲基吡咯烷酮。
上述的正性光敏性树脂中,所述总二酸和总二胺的的摩尔比为0.85~1.0:1;具体可为0.9:1;
所述分子量调节剂的用量为使最终反应溶液的羧酸基团与氨基基团的摩尔比为1:1,因此分子量调节剂与总二胺的摩尔比为0~0.3:1,具体可为0.2:1。
第二,本发明提供了上述正性光敏性树脂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述总二酸溶于所述有机溶剂中,然后在0~10℃下滴加SOCl2,滴加完毕后升至室温继续进行反应,生成相应的二甲酰氯混合物;
(2)将所述总二胺溶于所述有机溶剂中,得到二胺溶液;将所述二甲酰氯混合物滴加到所述二胺溶液中,然后室温下反应;再加入所述分子量调节剂继续反应,得到所述正性光敏性树脂。
上述的制备方法中,所述SOCl2与总二酸的摩尔比为1.9~2.1:1.具体可为2:1。
上述的制备方法中,步骤(1)中,所述SOCl2的滴加时间为0.5~3h,使溶液温度保持在0~10℃;具体的滴加时间可为0.5h;
在室温下继续进行反应的时间为1~6h;具体可为3h;
步骤(2)中,所述二甲酰氯混合物滴加到所述二胺溶液中时,滴加时间为0.5~4h;使溶液温度保持在10℃以下;具体可为0~10℃;滴加的时间具体可为0.5h;
步骤(2)中,室温下反应时间为1~12h;具体可为10h;
所述加入分子量调节剂后继续反应时间为0.5~4h;具体可为1h。
步骤(2)中反应结束还有将反应产物在不良溶剂中析出得到固体,然后干燥的步骤。
本发明还提供了一种正性光敏性树脂组合物,包括下述质量份的组分:
正性光敏性树脂100份,光敏剂3~40份,交联剂3~30份;产酸剂0.1~30份;偶联剂1~30份和有机溶剂100~1000份。
具体的,所述正性光敏性树脂组合物包括下述质量份的组分:
正性光敏性树脂100份,光敏剂10~30份,交联剂10~30份;产酸剂1~10份;偶联剂1~5份和有机溶剂100~200份。
上述的正性光敏性树脂组合物中,所述光敏剂为重氮萘醌类化合物、碘鎓盐类化合物和锍盐类化合物中至少一种;
所述重氮萘醌类化合物为下述1)-3)中任一种:
1)重氮萘醌类磺酸与多羟基化合物通过酯化反应生成的化合物;
2)重氮萘醌类磺酸与多胺基化合物通过磺酰化反应生成的化合物;
3)重氮萘醌类磺酸与多羟基多胺基化合物通过酯化和/或磺酰化反应生成的化合物;
其中,所述多羟基化合物、多胺基化合物或多羟基多胺基化合物中被所述重氮萘醌类磺酸取代的摩尔百分数为50%~100%;
所述多羟基化合物包括Bis-Z、BisP-EZ、BisP-AP、TekP-4HBPA、TrisP-HAP、TrisP-PA、TrisP-SA、TrisOCR-PA、BisOCHP-Z、BisP-MZ、BisP-PZ、BisP-IPZ、BisOCP-IPZ、BisP-CP、BisRS-2P、BisRS-3P、BisP-OCHP、Methylenetris-FR-CR、BisRS-26X、DML-MBPC、DML-MBOC、DML-OCHP、DML-PCHP、DML-PC、DML-PTBP、DML-34X、DML-EP、DML-POP、Dimethylol-BisOC-P、DML-PFP、DML-PSBP、DML-MTrisPC、TriML-P、TriML-35XL、TML-BP、TML-HQ、TML-PP-BPF、TML-BPA、TMOM-BP、HML-TPPHBA、HML-TPHAP (以上为商品名,可从本州化学工业(株)获得)、BIR-OC、BIP-PC、BIR-PC、BIR-PTBP、BIR-PCHP、BIP-BIOC-F、4PC、BIR-BIPC-F、TEP-BIP-A、46DMOC、46DMOEP、TM-BIP-A(以上为商品名,旭有机材工业(株)产品)、2,6-二甲氧基甲基-4-叔丁基苯酚、2,6-二甲氧基甲基-对甲酚、2,6-二乙酰氧基甲基-对甲酚、萘酚、2,3,4-三羟基二苯甲酮、2,3,4,4'-四羟基二苯甲酮、没食子酸甲酯、双酚A、双酚E、亚甲基双酚、联苯三酚丙酮树脂、间甲酚醛树脂和酚醛树脂中的至少一种;
所述多胺基化合物选自对苯二胺、甲苯二胺、3,4'-二氨基二苯基醚、4,4'-二氨基二苯基醚、3,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷、4,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷、3,4-二氨基二苯基砜、4,4'-二氨基二苯基砜、3,4'-二氨基二苯基硫醚、4,4'-二氨基二苯基硫醚、1,4-双(4-氨基苯氧基)苯、联苯胺、间苯二胺、对苯二胺、双(4-氨基苯氧基苯基)砜、双(3-氨基苯氧基苯基)砜、双(4-氨基苯氧基)联苯、双{4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基}醚、1,4-双(4-氨基苯氧基)苯、2,2'-二甲基-4,4'-二氨基联苯、2,2'-二乙基-4,4'-二氨基联苯、3,3'-二甲基-4,4'-二氨基联苯、3,3'-二乙基-4,4'-二氨基联苯、2,2',3,3'-四甲基-4,4'-二氨基联苯、3,3',4,4'-四甲基-4,4'-二氨基联苯、2,2'-双(三氟甲基)-4,4'-二氨基联苯中的至少一种;
所述多羟基多胺基化合物选自邻氨基苯酚、间氨基苯酚、对氨基苯酚、对氨基苯酚、1,4-二氨基-2,5二羟基苯、1,3-二氨基-2,4二羟基苯、1,3-二氨基-4,6二羟基苯、3,3’-二氨基-4,4’-二羟基联苯、4,4’-二氨基-3,3’-二羟基联苯、双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)丙烷、双(4-氨基-3-羟基苯基)丙烷、双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)砜、双(4-氨基-3-羟基苯基)砜、双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷、双(4-氨基-3-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷、双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)芴、3,3'-二氨基-4,4'-二羟基二苯甲酮、4,4'-二氨基-3,3'-二羟基二苯甲酮中的至少一种;
所述碘鎓盐类化合物包括双(4-叔丁苯基)碘鎓六氟磷酸盐、二苯基碘鎓六氟砷酸盐、二苯基碘鎓六氟磷酸盐、4-异丙基-4'-甲基二苯基碘鎓四(五氟苯基)硼酸盐、二苯基碘嗡三氟甲烷磺酸盐、二苯基碘硝酸盐、[4-(三氟甲基)苯基](2,4,6-三甲基苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、[3-(三氟甲基)苯基](2,4,6-三甲基苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、[(4-三氟甲基)苯基](2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)碘鎓对甲苯磺酸盐、苯基(2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)碘鎓对甲苯磺酸盐、苯基[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]碘鎓三氟甲烷磺酸盐、(4-硝基苯基)(苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、(4-甲苯基)(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、(3-甲苯基)(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、(2-甲苯基)(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、4-异丙基-4'-甲基二苯基碘鎓四(五氟苯基)硼酸盐、[4-[(2-羟基十四烷基)氧基]苯基]苯基碘六氟锑酸盐、(5-氟-2-硝基苯基)(2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)碘鎓对甲苯磺酸盐、二苯基碘鎓六氟磷酸盐、二苯基碘鎓六氟砷酸盐、(3,5-二氯苯基)(2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)碘鎓对甲苯磺酸盐、(3-溴苯基)(均三甲苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、[4-(溴甲基)苯基](2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)碘鎓对甲苯磺酸盐、双(2,4,6-三甲基吡啶)碘鎓六氟磷酸盐、4,4'-二甲苯基碘六氟磷酸盐中的至少一种;
所述锍盐类化合物包括1,3-苯并二硫代吡咯四氟化硼盐、环丙基二苯基锍四氟硼酸盐、二甲基(甲硫代)锍四氟硼酸盐、二苯基(甲基)锍四氟硼酸盐、(二氟甲基)双(2,5-二甲基苯基)锍四氟硼酸盐、2-[4-(3-乙氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)苯氨基甲酰]乙基二甲基硫对甲苯磺酸盐、4-羟苯基二甲基锍甲磺酸盐、三苯基锍四氟硼酸盐、三(4-甲苯基)锍六氟磷酸盐、三(4-甲苯基)锍三氟甲烷磺酸盐、三乙基锍双(三氟甲基磺酰)亚胺中的至少一种。
具体的,所述重氮萘醌类化合物包括1,2-重氮萘醌-5-磺酰基化合物和/或1,2-重氮萘醌-4-磺酰基化合物。
所述光敏剂具体可为,其中,R为1, 2-萘醌二叠氮磺酰基或H。
所述交联剂系指在加热条件下或在路易斯酸作用下可发生交联反应的化合物,包括含有环氧基团的化合物、含有羟甲基或烷氧基甲基的化合物等;
所述含有环氧基团的化合物包括双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚F型环氧树脂、丙二醇二缩水甘油基醚、聚丙二醇二缩水甘油基醚、聚甲基(缩水甘油基氧基丙基)和含有环氧基的有机硅中的任一种;更优选为3,3'-[氧基双亚甲基]双[3-乙基]氧杂环丁烷、1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、2,2-双(4-环氧丙氧基苯基)丙烷、9,9-双(4-环氧丙基氧-3-甲苯基)芴、9,9-双(4-环氧丙基氧基苯基)芴、1,3-双[2-(7-氧杂双环[4.1.0]庚-3-基)乙基]-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷、1,2-环己烷二羧酸二缩水甘油酯、1,2,7,8-二环氧辛烷、4-环己烯-1,2-二羧酸二缩水甘油酯、异氰脲酸三缩水甘油酯、4,4'-亚甲基双(N,N-二环丙氧基苯胺)、新戊二醇二缩水甘油醚、2,2'-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟己烷-1,6-二基)双(环氧乙烷)、季戊二醇二缩水甘油醚、乙烯基环己烯二缩水甘油醚、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(聚合度为1-15)、聚丙二醇二缩水甘油醚(聚合度为1~15)、聚二甲基硅氧烷二缩水甘油醚(聚合度为1-15)、丁二醇二缩水甘油醚、二缩水甘油苯胺、三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚、甘油三缩水甘油醚、5,5-二甲基-1,3-二(环氧乙烷基甲基)咪唑烷-2,4-二酮、2,2',2''-[次甲基-三(亚苯氧基亚甲基)]三(环氧乙烷)、1,1,1-三(4-羟基苯基)乙基三缩水甘油醚、双(2,3-环氧基环戊基)醚、3,4-环氧基-6-甲基环己基甲酸-3',4'-环氧基-6'-甲基环己基甲酯、乙烯基环己烯而环氧化合物、3,4-环氧基环己基甲酸-3',4'-环氧基环己基甲酯、二异戊二烯二环氧化合物、四苯基缩水甘油醚乙烷、三苯基缩水甘油醚基甲烷、三缩水甘油基-p-氨基苯酚、三缩水甘油基三聚异氰酸酯、四缩水甘油基二氨基二苯基甲烷、四缩水甘油基二甲苯二胺或四缩水甘油基-1,3-双氨基甲基环己烷;有商品名的产品可以列举出HP-850、HP-4032、HP-7200、HP-820、HP-4700、EXA-4710、HP-4770、EXA-859CRP、EXA-1514、EXA-4880、EXA-4850-150、EXA-4850-1000、EXA-4816、EXA-4822、BEO-60E、BPO-20E、HBE-100、DME-100、NC-3000、NC-6000(日本化药株式会社)中的至少一种;
所述含有羟甲基或烷氧基甲基的化合物包括46DMOC、46DMOEP(以上为商品名,旭有机材工业社制)、DML-PC、DML-PEP、DML-OC、DML-OEP、DML-34X、DML-PTBP、DML-PCHP、DML-OCHP、DML-PFP、DML-PSBP、DML-POP、DML-MBOC、DMLMBPC、DML-MTrisPC、DML-BisOC-Z、DML-BisOCHP-Z、DML-BPC、DMLBisOC-P、DMOM-PC、DMOMPTBP、DMOM-MBPC、TriML-P、TriML-35XL、TML-HQ、TML-BP、TML-pp-BPF、TML-BPE、TML-BPA、TML-BPAF、TML-BPAP、TMOM-BP、TMOM-BPE、TMOM-BPA、TMOM-BPAF、TMOM-BPAP、HML-TPPHBA、HML-TPHAP、HMOM-TPPA、HMOM-TPHAP(以上为商品名,可从本州化学工业株式会社获得)、“NIKALAC”MX-290、“NIKALAC”MX-280、“NIKALAC”MX-270、“NIKALAC”MX-279、“NIKALAC”MW-100LM、“NIKALAC”MX-750LM(三和化学株式会社)中的至少一种。
具体的,所述交联剂为具有下述式C1~C4所示结构的化合物中的至少一种:
所述产酸剂是指加热可产生强酸的化合物,一是可以促进正性光敏性树脂中的酚羟基酰胺可以在较低的温度下发生环化反应,二是可以促进正性光敏性树脂与交联剂发生固化反应;所述产酸剂热分解起始温度优选150℃~230℃,如烷基磺酸、全氟烷基磺酸或烷基磺酸的吡啶鎓盐、烷基吡啶鎓盐,二芳基碘鎓盐,二(烷基芳基)碘鎓盐,三烷基锍盐,二烷基单芳基锍盐或二芳基单烷基碘鎓盐或酯化合物等,包括对甲苯磺酸吡啶鎓盐、2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酸吡啶鎓盐、对甲苯磺酸的二(叔丁基苯基)碘鎓盐、三氟苯磺酸的三甲基锍盐、三氟甲磺酸的二苯基甲基锍盐、对甲苯磺酸-2-甲氧基乙酯中的至少一种;具体的,所述产酸剂为对甲苯磺酸吡啶鎓盐和/或对甲苯磺酸-2-甲氧基乙酯。
所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-脲基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-脲基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基二甲氧基甲基硅烷、3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、2-氰乙基三甲氧基硅烷、2-氰乙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-巯基甲基三甲氧基硅烷、3-巯基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基乙氧基二甲氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基三丙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、N-苯基-3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-(三乙氧基甲硅烷基)丙基琥珀酸酐、3-(间氨基苯氧基)三甲氧硅烷、对氨基苯基三甲氧基硅烷、氨基苯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基甲基二乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、3-乙酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-哌嗪基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-[双(2-羟乙基)氨基]丙烷-三乙氧基硅烷和2-(3,4-环氧环己烷)乙基三甲氧基硅烷中至少一种。具体的,所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷和/或巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
上述的正性光敏性树脂组合物中,为了降低180℃固化膜中溶剂残余,所述有机溶剂的沸点不高于180℃,具体包括N,N’-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸正丙酯、乳酸甲酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸丙酯、乳酸丁酯、甲苯、二甲苯、均三甲苯、二丙酮醇、甲基异丁基酮、环戊酮、环己酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基丙基酮、四氢呋喃、四氢吡喃、二氧六环、二氧杂环己烷、乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单乙醚、乙二醇单丙醚、乙二醇单丁醚、乙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇单乙醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚、丙二醇单乙醚、丙二醇单丙醚、丙二醇单丁醚和丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯中至少一种。
具体的,所述有机溶剂为乳酸乙酯和乙二醇丁醚的混合物;更为具体的,所述乳酸乙酯和乙二醇丁醚的质量比为6:4或5:5。
上述正性光敏性树脂组合物除上述组份外,还包括质量份为0.1~20份的显影抑制剂;具体的,所述显影抑制剂的质量份数为1~5份;
所述显影抑制剂是指曝光后可以阻碍正性光敏性树脂在碱性水溶液中的溶解、有助于调节留膜率和显影时间的化合物;
所述显影抑制剂选自二苯基碘鎓硝酸盐、双(对叔丁基苯基)碘鎓硝酸盐、二苯基碘鎓溴化物、二苯基碘鎓氯化物和二苯基碘鎓碘化物中的至少一种;具体的,所述显影抑制剂为二苯基碘鎓硝酸盐。
本发明进一步提供了上述正性光敏性树脂组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述正性光敏性树脂与所述有机溶剂混合,在黄光区和氮气保护下搅拌形成均相溶液;
(2)向步骤(1)所述均相溶液中加入所述光敏剂、交联剂、产酸剂、偶联剂和显影抑制剂混合,形成均相溶液;添加所述有机溶剂调整溶液粘度、过滤,即得到所述正性光敏性树脂组合物。
上述正性光敏性树脂组合物在制备图案化树脂薄膜中的应用也属于本发明的保护范围。
最后,本发明还提供了一种图案化树脂薄膜,所述图案化树脂薄膜由包括如下步骤的方法制备得到:
1)将上述正性光敏性树脂组合物涂覆在晶圆基板上,得到液态胶膜;
2)在80~130℃下烘烤1~30min (前烘),得到固态胶膜;
3)覆盖掩膜版,使用紫外线i线或(i线和g线)曝光设备进行曝光;
4)采用显影剂进行显影,溶解除掉曝光区域;
5)用漂洗液清洗,得到未固化的图案化树脂膜;
6)在低于200℃、氧含量低于100ppm的无氧环境中加热固化,得到图案化树脂薄膜。
上述的图案化树脂薄膜中,所述显影剂、漂洗液均为现有技术常规助剂。其中,所述显影剂优选四甲基氢氧化铵、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、氢氧化胆碱、二乙醇胺、二乙基氨基乙醇三乙胺、二乙胺、甲胺、二甲胺、乙酸二甲氨基乙酯、二甲基氨基乙醇、甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯、环己胺、乙二胺或1,6-己二胺等碱性化合物的水溶液;所述漂洗液优选用水或将添加有甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇等醇类、乳酸乙酯、丙二醇单甲醚醋酸酯等酯类的水溶液进行漂洗。
本发明所述的正性光敏性树脂组合物或所述图案化树脂薄膜在半导体制造和/或封装中的应用也属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明中所述室温为本领域技术人员公知,一般为15~35℃。
本发明的图案化树脂薄膜,光刻分辨率高,耐化学药品性及粘附性能优异,同时还具有良好的力学性能及介电性能,其主要性能如表1所示,可满足扇出形晶圆级封装的使用需求,在半导体制造与封装领域具有良好的应用前景。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述,给出的实施例仅为了阐明本发明,而不是为了限制本发明的范围。
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
下述实施例中所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
下述实施例各性能指标测试或评价方法:
(1)分子量测试
采用GPC法测试重均分子量,标样为PS。使用含有LiBr(0.03mol/L)和H3PO4(0.06mol/L)的NMP(N-甲基吡咯烷酮)溶液作为淋洗剂,聚合物浓度为1mg/mL。
(2)光刻性能评价
将正性光敏性树脂组合物溶液旋涂在6寸硅晶圆表面上;在120℃下前烘处理3min,得到8~10μm的固态胶膜;在其表面放置掩膜板,采用紫外线i线曝光设备进行曝光;然后用2.38wt%四甲基氢氧化铵水溶液显影液进行显影,经去离子水漂洗后,得到未固化的图案化树脂膜。用光干涉式膜厚仪测定显影后未曝光部分的膜厚,与显影前的膜厚相比,即为留膜率。
分辨率与灵敏度
用光学显微镜观察显影后的L/S=10μm/10μm的图形,将图形边缘光滑且无浮渣的显影时间定为基准,将该基准下所能观察到的最小图形尺寸设为分辨率L/S(μm),该分辨率所需要的最低曝光能量即为灵敏度(mJ/mm2)。
(3)耐化学药品性评价
将正性光敏性树脂组合物溶液旋涂于6寸硅晶圆上;在120℃加热3min形成厚度约10µm的固态胶膜;在其表面放置掩膜板,采用紫外线i线曝光设备进行曝光;然后用2.38wt%四甲基氢氧化铵水溶液显影液进行显影,经去离子水漂洗后,得到未固化的正性树脂图案。将带有树脂图案的硅晶圆放置于氮气保护的鼓风烘箱(氧浓度100ppm以下)中于80℃固化30min,接着升温至180℃固化2h,得到固化的立体光刻图案。将带有图案的硅晶圆分别在有机试剂丙酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)中25℃浸泡30min,丙二醇单甲醚(PGME)与丙二醇单甲醚醋酸酯(PGMEA)质量比为7/3的混合溶剂中25℃浸泡60min,然后水洗、鼓风干燥后,用膜厚仪测定带有图案硅晶圆浸泡前后膜厚的变化,光学显微镜观察50μm的方形孔,评定其耐化学药品性。
将浸泡前后膜厚变化在±5%以下的情况耐化学药品性评价为良好,将浸泡前后膜厚变化大于±5%,或膜表面产生裂纹、图案边缘药剂渗入,或图案边角开裂的情况耐化学药品性评价为不良,将固化图案从基板上剥离的情况耐化学药品性评价为差。
(4)粘附性能评价
将正性光敏性树脂组合物溶液旋涂于6英寸硅晶圆上,在氮气保护的鼓风烘箱中于80℃固化30min,接着升温至180℃固化2h,得到膜厚为8~10μm的固化膜。然后将固化膜放置于PCT老化装置中,在121℃、2atm、100RH%条件下处理100小时。参照国家标准《GB/T9286-1998色漆和清漆漆膜的划格试验》方法,使用划格器将上述老化前后的固化膜划出10行×10列方格,然后采用专用3M胶带进行剥离试验,记录剥离下的方格数。将在任一基板上剥离下的方格数不大于5,粘附性能评价为良好;将在任一基板上剥离下的方格数为5以上,粘附性能评价为不良。
实施例1
在一个装有机械搅拌器、温度计和氮气保护装置的500mL三口圆底烧瓶中,依次加入22.08g(0.0855mol) 4,4’-二苯醚二甲酸(DPD)、0.82g(0.0045 mol) 5-降冰片烯-2,3-二羧酸及103g NMP,室温搅拌形成均相溶液,采用冰浴将其冷却至10℃以下,然后滴加21.41g SOCl2(0.18mol),滴加时间为0.5h;滴加完毕后升至室温继续进行反应3h,生成相应的二甲酰氯混合物。其中,5-降冰片烯-2,3-二羧酸占总二酸的摩尔比为5%。
在另一个装有机械搅拌器、温度计和氮气保护装置的1L三口圆底烧瓶中,依次加入34.79g(0.095 mol) 2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟苯基)六氟丙烷、1.24g(0.005 mol) 1,3-二(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷及144g NMP,搅拌使其溶解形成均相透明二胺溶液;采用冰浴将其冷却至10℃以下,将上述制备的二甲酰氯混合物滴加进二胺溶液中,滴加时间0.5h;然后,室温下反应10h;再加入3.28g降冰片烯二酸酐(0.02mol),继续搅拌1h;将反应液倒入5L去离子水中,析出固体、过滤、真空干燥,得到聚苯并噁唑前驱体树脂A1,GPC测试重均分子量,Mw=18100,分子量分布1.92。
实施例2
在一个装有机械搅拌器、温度计和氮气保护装置的500mL三口圆底烧瓶中,依次加入20.92g(0.081mol)4,4’-二苯醚二甲酸(DPD)、1.04g(0.009mol)反丁烯二酸及101g NMP,室温搅拌形成均相溶液,采用冰浴将其冷却至10℃以下,然后滴加21.41g SOCl2(0.18mol),滴加时间为0.5h;滴加完毕后升至室温继续进行反应3h,生成相应的二甲酰氯混合物。其中,反丁烯二酸占总二酸的摩尔比为10%。
在另一个装有机械搅拌器、温度计和氮气保护装置的1L三口圆底烧瓶中,依次加入34.79g(0.095mol) 2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟苯基)六氟丙烷、1.24g(0.005mol) 1,3-二(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷及144g NMP,搅拌使其溶解形成均相透明二胺溶液;采用冰浴将其冷却至10℃以下,将上述制备的二甲酰氯混合物滴加进二胺溶液中,滴加时间0.5h;然后,室温下反应10h;再加入3.44g(0.02mol) 4-乙炔基邻苯二甲酸酐,继续搅拌1h;将反应液倒入5L去离子水中,析出固体、过滤、真空干燥,得到聚苯并噁唑前驱体树脂A2,GPC测试重均分子量Mw=18700,分子量分布1.95。
实施例3
在一个装有机械搅拌器、温度计和氮气保护装置的500mL三口圆底烧瓶中,依次加入16.27g(0.063mol)4,4’-二苯醚二甲酸(DPD)、3.89g(0.027mol)反式-2-丁烯-1,4-二甲酸及97g NMP,室温搅拌形成均相溶液,采用冰浴将其冷却至10℃以下,然后滴加21.41g(0.18mol)SOCl2,滴加时间为0.5h;滴加完毕后升至室温继续进行反应3h,生成相应的二甲酰氯混合物。其中,反式-2-丁烯-1,4-二甲酸占总二酸的摩尔比为30%。
在另一个装有机械搅拌器、温度计和氮气保护装置的1L三口圆底烧瓶中,依次加入34.79g(0.095mol) 2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟苯基)六氟丙烷、1.24g(0.005mol) 1,3-二(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷及144g NMP,搅拌使其溶解形成均相透明二胺溶液;采用冰浴将其冷却至10℃以下,将上述制备的二甲酰氯混合物滴加进二胺溶液中,滴加时间0.5h;然后,室温下反应10h;再加入3.44g(0.02mol) 4-乙炔基邻苯二甲酸酐,继续搅拌1h;将反应液倒入5L去离子水中,析出固体、过滤、真空干燥,得到聚苯并噁唑前驱体树脂A3,GPC测试重均分子量Mw=23200,分子量分布2.04。
对比例1
在一个装有机械搅拌器、温度计和氮气保护装置的1L三口圆底烧瓶中,依次加入34.79g 2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟苯基)六氟丙烷、1.24g 1,3-二(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷与144g NMP,搅拌使其溶解形成均相透明二胺溶液;采用冰浴将其冷却至5℃以下,一边搅拌一边向上述二胺溶液中滴加26.56g 4,4’-二苯醚二甲酰氯与106g NMP混合溶液,滴加时间0.5h;然后,室温下反应10h;再加入3.28g降冰片烯二酸酐,继续搅拌1h;将反应液倒入5L去离子水中,析出固体、过滤、真空干燥,得到聚苯并噁唑前驱体树脂A4,GPC测试重均分子量Mw=20600,分子量分布1.75。
对比例2
在一个装有机械搅拌器、温度计和氮气保护装置的1L三口圆底烧瓶中,依次加入36.63g 2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟苯基)六氟丙烷与146.5g NMP,搅拌使其溶解形成均相透明二胺溶液;采用冰浴将其冷却至5℃以下,一边搅拌一边向上述二胺溶液中滴加26.56g 4,4’-二苯醚二甲酰氯与106g NMP 混合溶液,滴加时间0.5h;然后,室温下反应10h;再加入3.28g降冰片烯二酸酐,继续搅拌1h;将反应液倒入5L去离子水中,析出固体、过滤、真空干燥,得到聚苯并噁唑前驱体树脂A5,GPC测试重均分子量Mw=21500,分子量分布1.63。
实施例4
按照下述表2中的加入量,将聚苯并噁唑前驱体树脂(具体的,实验中100重量份的聚苯并噁唑前驱体树脂的质量为20g)与溶剂混合,在黄光区和氮气保护下搅拌形成均相溶液;然后向上述溶液中依次加入光敏剂、交联剂、产酸剂、偶联剂和/或显影抑制剂混合,形成均相溶液后,再添加溶剂调整溶液粘度,经0.5μm孔径过滤器压滤,即得到正性光敏性树脂组合物溶液。
正性光敏性树脂组合物溶液所用组分如下:
光敏剂B:
交联剂:其结构式分别如下所示:
产酸剂:D1,对甲苯磺酸吡啶鎓盐,D2,对甲苯磺酸-2-甲氧基乙酯;
显影抑制剂:E,二苯基碘鎓硝酸盐;
偶联剂:F1,γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷;F2,巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷;
溶剂:G1由乳酸乙酯(EL)和乙二醇丁醚(BCS)按照质量比6:4混合而成;
G2由乳酸乙酯(EL)和乙二醇丁醚(BCS)按照质量比5:5混合而成。
备注:表2中,()内表示相对于100重量份聚苯并噁唑前驱体树脂的添加量(质量份)
将表2中的正性光敏聚苯并噁唑树脂溶液旋涂在6寸晶圆表面上,120℃烘烤3min后,得到6~8μm的前烘膜,在其表面上放置掩膜版,采用紫外线i线曝光设备进行曝光,2.38wt.%TMAH水溶液显影,去离子水冲洗后,在硅晶圆表面得到立体光刻图形。
将实验组1~10与对照组1~4按照光刻性能评价方法进行测试,其结果列于表3。
备注:实验组2所配制的溶液有悬浮物,不是均一溶液,未进行光刻。
从以上光刻性能可见,本发明制备的正性光敏性树脂组合物的光刻性能优异,灵敏度与分辨率均较高,可满足高密度扇出型晶圆级封装的使用需求。
将实验组1~10与对照组1~4按照耐化学药品性及粘附性能评价方法进行测试,结果列于表4。
备注:实验组2所配制的溶液有悬浮物,不是均一溶液,未进行评价。
由表4可以看出,本发明的正性光敏性树脂组合物于180℃固化的立体光刻图案能够耐住强极性有机溶剂的刻蚀,耐化学药品性能突出;而对照组1~4耐化学药品性均较差。此外,实验组1-10粘附性能均较好,可见向树脂主链中引入不饱和键,并没有影响固化膜的粘附性能。
综上所述,本发明的正性光敏性树脂组合物可在180℃固化,光刻分辨率高,耐化学药品性及粘附性能优异,同时还具有良好的力学性能及介电性能,具有显著的有益效果,可满足高密度扇出型封装的使用需求,在半导体制造与封装领域具有良好的应用前景。
Claims (15)
1.一种正性光敏性树脂,其特征在于:所述正性光敏性树脂是由包括总二酸、总二胺与分子量调节剂制备而成;
所述正性光敏性树脂的GPC重均分子量为5000~100000;
所述总二酸为不饱和脂肪族二羧酸或其衍生物与饱和芳香族二羧酸或其衍生物的混合物;
所述总二胺为含酚羟基芳香族二胺与含硅二胺的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的正性光敏性树脂,其特征在于:所述不饱和脂肪族二羧酸或其衍生物占总二酸的摩尔含量为1~50%;
所述含硅二胺占总二胺的摩尔含量为1~20%;
所述总二酸和总二胺的摩尔比为0.85~1.0:1.0;
所述分子量调节剂的用量为使最终反应溶液的羧酸基团与氨基基团的摩尔比为1:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的正性光敏性树脂,其特征在于:所述不饱和脂肪族二羧酸或其衍生物选自反丁烯二酸、反式-2-丁烯-1,4-二甲酸、顺丁烯二酸、5-降冰片烯-2,3-二羧酸、顺戊烯二酸、反戊烯二酸、3-甲基戊烯二酸、顺-2-己烯二酸、反-2-己烯二酸、庚烯二酸、辛稀二酸、壬烯二酸、4-癸烯二酸、2-癸烯二酸、反-2-癸烯二酸、十一稀二酸、顺-2-十二烯二酸、反-2-十二烯二酸、十二烯基丁二酸、十三烯二酸、十四烯二酸、十五烯二酸、十六烯二酸、十七烯二酸、十八烯二酸、8-乙烯基-10-十八碳烯二酸中的至少一种;
所述饱和芳香族二羧酸或其衍生物选自二苯醚二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、联苯二甲酸、二苯砜二甲酸、二苯基甲烷二甲酸和二苯酮二甲酸中的至少一种;
所述含酚羟基芳香族二胺选自2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟苯基)六氟丙烷、2,2-双(4-氨基-3-羟苯基)六氟丙烷、3,3'-二氨基-4,4'-二羟基二苯砜、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟苯基)丙烷、双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)甲烷、3,3'-二氨基-4,4'-二羟基二苯醚、4,4'-二氨基-3,3'-二羟基二苯醚、双(3-氨基-4-羟基)联苯、双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)芴、3,3'-二氨基-4,4'-二羟基二苯甲酮、4,4'-二氨基-3,3'-二羟基二苯甲酮、1,4-二氨基-2,5二羟基苯、1,3-二氨基-2,4二羟基苯和1,3-二氨基-4,6二羟基苯中的至少一种;
所述含硅二胺选自1,3-二(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷、1,3-二(4-氨基丁基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷、1,3-二(2-氨基乙基)-1,1-二甲基-3,3-二乙基-二硅氧烷、1,5-二(2-氨基乙基)-1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基三硅氧烷、1,5-二(3-氨基丙基)-1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基三硅氧烷、1-氨基丙基-5-氨基乙基-1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基三硅氧烷、1,7-二(2-氨基乙基)-1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-八甲基四硅氧烷、1,3-二(3-氨基苯基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷、1,3-二(4-氨基苯基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷、1,3-二(3-氨基丙基)-1,3-二甲基-1,3-二苯基二硅氧烷中的至少一种;
所述分子量调节剂选自马来酸酐、降冰片烯二酸酐、甲基降冰片烯二酸酐、4-乙炔基邻苯二甲酸酐、4-苯乙炔苯酐中的至少一种。
4.权利要求1-3中任一项所述的正性光敏性树脂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述总二酸溶于有机溶剂中,然后在0~10℃滴加SOCl2,滴加完毕后升至室温继续进行反应,生成相应的二甲酰氯混合物;
(2)将所述总二胺溶于有机溶剂中,得到二胺溶液;将所述二甲酰氯混合物滴加到所述二胺溶液中,然后室温下反应;再加入所述分子量调节剂继续反应,得到所述正性光敏性树脂。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,所述SOCl2与所述总二酸的摩尔比为1.9~2.1:1;
所述SOCl2的滴加时间为0.5~3h,使溶液温度保持在0~10℃;
在室温下继续进行反应的时间为1~6h;
步骤(2)中,所述二甲酰氯混合物滴加到所述二胺溶液中时,滴加时间为0.5~4h,使溶液温度保持在0~10℃;
步骤(2)中,室温下反应时间为1~12h;所述加入分子量调节剂后继续反应时间为0.5~4h。
6.一种正性光敏性树脂组合物,其特征在于:所述正性光敏性树脂组合物包括下述质量份的组分:
权利要求1-3中任一项所述的正性光敏性树脂100份,光敏剂3~40份,交联剂3~30份,产酸剂0.1~30份,偶联剂1~30份和有机溶剂100~1000份。
7.根据权利要求6所述的正性光敏性树脂组合物,其特征在于:所述光敏剂为重氮萘醌类化合物、碘鎓盐类化合物和锍盐类化合物中至少一种;
所述交联剂指在加热条件下或在路易斯酸作用下可发生交联反应的化合物,包括含有环氧基团的化合物、含有羟甲基或烷氧基甲基的化合物;
所述产酸剂是指加热可产生强酸的化合物,其热分解起始温度为150℃~230℃;
所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-脲基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-脲基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基二甲氧基甲基硅烷、3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、2-氰乙基三甲氧基硅烷、2-氰乙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-巯基甲基三甲氧基硅烷、3-巯基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基乙氧基二甲氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基三丙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、N-苯基-3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-(三乙氧基甲硅烷基)丙基琥珀酸酐、3-(间氨基苯氧基)三甲氧硅烷、对氨基苯基三甲氧基硅烷、氨基苯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基甲基二乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、3-乙酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-哌嗪基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-[双(2-羟乙基)氨基]丙烷-三乙氧基硅烷和2-(3,4-环氧环己烷)乙基三甲氧基硅烷中至少一种;
所述有机溶剂的沸点不高于180℃。
8.根据权利要求7所述的正性光敏性树脂组合物,其特征在于:所述重氮萘醌类化合物为下述1)-3)中任一种:
1)重氮萘醌类磺酸与多羟基化合物通过酯化反应生成的化合物;
2)重氮萘醌类磺酸与多胺基化合物通过磺酰化反应生成的化合物;
3)重氮萘醌类磺酸与多羟基多胺基化合物通过酯化和/或磺酰化反应生成的化合物;
其中,所述多羟基化合物、多胺基化合物或多羟基多胺基化合物中被所述重氮萘醌类磺酸取代的摩尔百分数为50%~100%;
所述碘鎓盐类化合物为双(4-叔丁苯基)碘鎓六氟磷酸盐、二苯基碘鎓六氟砷酸盐、二苯基碘鎓六氟磷酸盐、4-异丙基-4'-甲基二苯基碘鎓四(五氟苯基)硼酸盐、二苯基碘嗡三氟甲烷磺酸盐、二苯基碘硝酸盐、[4-(三氟甲基)苯基](2,4,6-三甲基苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、[3-(三氟甲基)苯基](2,4,6-三甲基苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、[(4-三氟甲基)苯基](2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)碘鎓对甲苯磺酸盐、苯基(2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)碘鎓对甲苯磺酸盐、苯基[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]碘鎓三氟甲烷磺酸盐、(4-硝基苯基)(苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、(4-甲苯基)(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、(3-甲苯基)(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、(2-甲苯基)(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、4-异丙基-4'-甲基二苯基碘鎓四(五氟苯基)硼酸盐、[4-[(2-羟基十四烷基)氧基]苯基]苯基碘六氟锑酸盐、(5-氟-2-硝基苯基)(2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)碘鎓对甲苯磺酸盐、二苯基碘鎓六氟磷酸盐、二苯基碘鎓六氟砷酸盐、(3,5-二氯苯基)(2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)碘鎓对甲苯磺酸盐、(3-溴苯基)(均三甲苯基)碘鎓三氟甲磺酸盐、[4-(溴甲基)苯基](2,4,6-三甲氧基苯基)碘鎓对甲苯磺酸盐、双(2,4,6-三甲基吡啶)碘鎓六氟磷酸盐和4,4'-二甲苯基碘六氟磷酸盐中的至少一种;
所述锍盐类化合物为1,3-苯并二硫代吡咯四氟化硼盐、环丙基二苯基锍四氟硼酸盐、二甲基(甲硫代)锍四氟硼酸盐、二苯基(甲基)锍四氟硼酸盐、(二氟甲基)双(2,5-二甲基苯基)锍四氟硼酸盐、2-[4-(3-乙氧基-2-羟基丙氧基)苯氨基甲酰]乙基二甲基硫对甲苯磺酸盐、4-羟苯基二甲基锍甲磺酸盐、三苯基锍四氟硼酸盐、三(4-甲苯基)锍六氟磷酸盐、三(4-甲苯基)锍三氟甲烷磺酸盐和三乙基锍双(三氟甲基磺酰)亚胺中的至少一种;
所述产酸剂为烷基磺酸、烷基磺酸的吡啶鎓盐、烷基吡啶鎓盐;
所述有机溶剂为N,N’-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N’-二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸正丙酯、乳酸甲酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸丙酯、乳酸丁酯、甲苯、二甲苯、均三甲苯、二丙酮醇、甲基异丁基酮、环戊酮、环己酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基丙基酮、四氢呋喃、四氢吡喃、二氧六环、二氧杂环己烷、乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单乙醚、乙二醇单丙醚、乙二醇单丁醚、乙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇单乙醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚、丙二醇单乙醚、丙二醇单丙醚、丙二醇单丁醚和丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯中至少一种。
9.根据权利要求7所述的正性光敏性树脂组合物,其特征在于:所述产酸剂为对甲苯磺酸吡啶鎓盐、2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酸吡啶鎓盐、对甲苯磺酸的二(叔丁基苯基)碘鎓盐、三氟苯磺酸的三甲基锍盐、三氟甲磺酸的二苯基甲基锍盐和对甲苯磺酸-2-甲氧基乙酯中的至少一种。
10.根据权利要求6-9中任一项所述的正性光敏性树脂组合物,其特征在于:所述正性光敏性树脂组合物除上述组份外,还包括质量份为0.1~20份的显影抑制剂。
11.根据权利要求10所述的正性光敏性树脂组合物,其特征在于:所述显影抑制剂是指曝光后可以阻碍正性光敏性树脂在碱性水溶液中的溶解、有助于调节留膜率和显影时间的化合物。
12.根据权利要求11所述的正性光敏性树脂组合物,其特征在于:所述显影抑制剂选自二苯基碘鎓硝酸盐、双(对叔丁基苯基)碘鎓硝酸盐、二苯基碘鎓溴化物、二苯基碘鎓氯化物和二苯基碘鎓碘化物中的至少一种。
13.根据权利要求10所述的正性光敏性树脂组合物,其特征在于:
所述光敏剂为,其中,R为H或1, 2-萘醌二叠氮磺酰基;
所述交联剂为具有下述式C1~C4所示结构的化合物中的至少一种;
所述产酸剂为对甲苯磺酸吡啶鎓盐和/或对甲苯磺酸-2-甲氧基乙酯;
所述偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷和/或巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷;
所述显影抑制剂为二苯基碘鎓硝酸盐;
所述有机溶剂为乳酸乙酯和乙二醇丁醚的混合物。
14.一种图案化树脂薄膜,其特征在于:所述图案化树脂薄膜由权利要求6-13中任一项所述正性光敏性树脂组合物制备得到。
15.权利要求6-13中任一项所述的正性光敏性树脂组合物或权利要求13所述的图案化树脂薄膜在半导体制造和/或封装中的应用。
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