CN116406666A - 一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片及其应用 - Google Patents
一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片及其应用，属于农业生物技术领域；本发明所述的植物诱抗剂泡腾片成分包括植物生长调节剂、润滑剂、泡腾剂、稀释剂，其中植物生长调节剂活性成分为调环酸钙、壳寡糖、矿源黄腐酸三种植物生长调节剂的组合，润滑剂为聚乙二醇6000或硬脂酸镁，泡腾剂的碱源为碳酸氢钠，酸源为柠檬酸、酒石酸或苹果酸，碱源和酸源的摩尔比为3:2～2:3，稀释剂为乳糖或甘露醇；本发明所述的植物诱抗剂泡腾片利用植物生长调节剂多元组配的协同诱导效应，调控植物的内源激素、活性氧代谢等，促进架空输电线路塔基裸土区的植被修复，解决架空输电线路塔基区适生植物受高温、干旱胁迫所出现的萎蔫现象。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农业生物技术领域，具体涉及一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片及其应用。
背景技术
国家电网输电线路工程点多、面广、线长，涉及了水土流失类型区众多，其中位于干旱区的输电线路工程不在少数。在建设过程中，架空输电线路由于施工作业及材料堆放等影响，在基础范围内及基础周边会对植被形成破坏，如果未能及时恢复，容易导致岩土裸露面积逐步扩大，引起边坡滑移及崩塌，因此应当及时进行塔基生态修复。
架空输电线路塔基生态修复的关键在于塔基裸土区适生植物的受损修复与生长促进。适生植物其生长迅速、生物量大的特点在短期内恢复植被和增强地表防冲能力方面胜过森林植被，且适生植物拦截并保留的雨水非常多，能够显著地减少雨水对土壤表面的直接冲刷从而减少地表径流，保持土壤结构的稳定性，增加地面的粗糙度，增加土壤的有机物含量，改善土壤结构和肥力，提高持水能力。目前塔基裸土区植被修复是通过在修复区种植适生植物的方式，将该地区的土壤转化成肥沃的土壤。在现有的技术中，植被修复用的施肥设备在对植物施肥时，只能将肥料喷洒在土壤表面，若土壤的吸收能力较差，或者植物根部离土壤表面很深的位置，植物的根茎很难吸收到肥料的营养，不具有很好的实用性。
泡腾片是一种由酸碱两种成分组成的泡腾药剂形式，已经在医药、兽药及多种保健品中得到应用。泡腾片含有泡腾崩解剂，所谓泡腾崩解剂通常是有机酸和碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠(小苏打)的混合物，泡腾崩解剂中的两种物质未电离不能发生反应，但当泡腾片放入水中之后，两种物质发生酸碱反应，产生大量二氧化碳，使片剂迅速崩解和融化。泡腾片具有在水中易于溶解，运输、储存及使用方便等多种优点。因此将泡腾片与植物诱抗剂相结合，改变原有植物诱抗剂的形状，不仅能释放更多的二氧化碳，加速溶解速度，提高植物诱抗剂的利用率，而且有效成分均匀，施用于方式简单，适合应用于架空输电线路塔基裸土区的大规模植被修复，但针对架空输电线路塔基裸土区特殊环境适生植物的植物诱抗剂泡腾片还未见报道。
公开号为CN101653149A的发明公开了一种具有在水中易于溶解，运输、储存及使用方便的寡糖类植物诱抗剂泡腾片，由植物诱抗剂原粉、固体有机酸、碳酸盐、干燥剂、助流剂、助剂组成，但是缺少了稀释剂的应用，可能会对泡腾片的溶解性、泡腾效果、硬度、及粘冲效果产生影响。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片及其应用，属于农业生物技术领域，所述植物诱抗泡腾片利用植物生长调节剂多元组配的协同诱导效应，调控植物的内源激素、活性氧代谢等，促进架空输电线路塔基裸土区的植被修复，解决架空输电线路塔基区适生植物受高温、干旱胁迫所出现的萎蔫现象。
本发明的技术方案如下：
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片。
进一步的，包括如下质量分数的成分：10～35％植物生长调节剂、5～15％润滑剂、35～45％泡腾剂和5～50％稀释剂。
进一步的，所述植物生长调节剂包括质量分数如下的成分：1.0～2.0％调环酸钙、0.5～1.5％壳寡糖和10～30％矿源黄腐酸。
进一步的，所述润滑剂为聚乙二醇6000或硬脂酸镁。
进一步的，所述泡腾剂包括摩尔比为3:2～2:3的碱源和酸源。
进一步的，所述碱源为碳酸氢钠，酸源为柠檬酸、酒石酸或苹果酸。
进一步的，所述稀释剂为乳糖或甘露醇。
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种架空输电线路塔基植物诱抗剂泡腾片的应用。
进一步的，所述植物诱抗剂泡腾片用于解决架空输电线路塔基区适生植物受高温、干旱胁迫所出现的萎蔫现象，其中适生植物为草坪草，选自暖季型和冷季型草坪草中至少一种。
相较于现有技术，本发明的有益效果在于：
1、传统的农药、化肥主要以病原菌及特定的营养需求为靶点，对农作物进行病害防治和产量提高，而忽略了植物本身对生物和非生物胁迫的抵抗能力，本发明所制备的植物诱抗剂泡腾片针对架空输电线路表土保护差，现有产品无法快速提升底层土壤的问题，以外源分子激活植物体内的免疫系统，从细胞质膜透性、植物内源激素、活性氧代谢及其抗氧化酶等方面提高植物抗病力，此外还激发植物代谢系统，促进植物根茎叶的生长及叶绿素的合成，在植被修复中有良好的应用效果。
2、基于架空输电线路塔基区施工扰动阶段大规模水土流失情况，此植物诱抗剂泡腾片在植物生长调节剂中使用了调环酸钙、壳寡糖以及矿源黄腐酸组合，调环酸钙能够改变物质积累与分配，抑制植株徒长，促进根系生长，缩短节间，增强植物抗倒伏能力，增加叶绿素含量，提高裸土区适生植物光合能力与抵抗环境胁迫的能力；壳寡糖信号分子通过植物细胞识别诱导产生多种防御反应，诱导植物抗病性相关基因表达，参与诱导植物气孔关闭的信号转导，促进裸土区适生植物抗旱能力；矿源黄腐酸表面活性可以吸附交换络合施入的肥料，同时也把裸土区土壤固化的部分转化出来，由不能被适生植物吸收的转化为适生植物可以吸收利用的，提高养分利用率。
3、本发明所述的植物诱抗剂泡腾片融水可快速溶解，避免可湿性粉剂粉尘污染问题，并且在使用时可以减少计量配药手续，降低人工操作时间与经济成本，实现广泛快速高效施用，大大提升工作效率，适用于架空输电线路塔基区大面积大规模施工工程。
4、本发明所述的植物诱抗剂泡腾片以预防为主、治疗为辅，通过诱导植物抗逆性，提升塔基生态修复率以及地灾防治水平，符合绿色、高效、低污染的农药行业发展方向。
具体实施方式
下面结合较佳实施例对本发明做进一步的说明，给出的实施例仅为了阐明本发明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。
下述实施例中所用的材料、试剂等，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径得到；
以下实施例中的定量试验，均设置三次独立重复实验，结果取平均值；
下述实施例中的实验方法，如无特殊说明，均为常规方法。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片，本实施例中，植物诱抗剂泡腾片成分包括植物生长调节剂、润滑剂、泡腾剂、稀释剂。植物生长调节剂采用调环酸钙、壳寡糖、矿源黄腐酸；润滑剂采用聚乙二醇6000；泡腾剂的碱源为碳酸氢钠，酸源为柠檬酸；稀释剂为乳糖。
包括如下质量分数的成分：10％植物生长调节剂(配比为1.0％调环酸钙、0.5％壳寡糖、10％矿源黄腐酸)、5％润滑剂、35％泡腾剂、5％稀释剂的质量分数分别为；泡腾剂的碱源和酸源的摩尔比为3:2。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片，本实施例中，植物诱抗剂泡腾片成分包括植物生长调节剂、润滑剂、泡腾剂、稀释剂。植物生长调节剂采用调环酸钙、壳寡糖、矿源黄腐酸；润滑剂采用聚乙二醇6000；泡腾剂的碱源为碳酸氢钠，酸源为酒石酸；稀释剂为乳糖。
包括如下质量分数的成分：25％植物生长调节剂(配比为1.5％调环酸钙、1％壳寡糖、22.5％矿源黄腐酸)、10％润滑剂、40％泡腾剂、25％稀释剂；泡腾剂的碱源和酸源的摩尔比为1:1。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片，本实施例中，植物诱抗剂泡腾片成分包括植物生长调节剂、润滑剂、泡腾剂、稀释剂。植物生长调节剂采用调环酸钙、壳寡糖、矿源黄腐酸；润滑剂采用硬脂酸镁；泡腾剂的碱源为碳酸氢钠，酸源为苹果酸；稀释剂为甘露醇。
包括如下质量分数的成分：35％植物生长调节剂(配比为2.0％调环酸钙、1.5％壳寡糖、30％矿源黄腐酸)、15％润滑剂、45％泡腾剂、50％稀释剂的质量分数分别为；泡腾剂的碱源和酸源的摩尔比为2:3。
对比实施例1CK(无植物生长调节剂)泡腾片的配制
本实施例提供一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片，本实施例中，植物诱抗剂泡腾片成分包括润滑剂、泡腾剂、稀释剂。润滑剂采用聚乙二醇6000；泡腾剂的碱源为碳酸氢钠，酸源为酒石酸；稀释剂为乳糖。
包括如下质量分数的成分：10％润滑剂、40％泡腾剂、55％稀释剂；泡腾剂的碱源和酸源的摩尔比为1:1。
对比实施例2含1.5％调环酸钙泡腾片的配制
本实施例提供一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片，本实施例中，植物诱抗剂泡腾片成分包括植物生长调节剂、润滑剂、泡腾剂、稀释剂。植物生长调节剂采用调环酸钙；润滑剂采用聚乙二醇6000；泡腾剂的碱源为碳酸氢钠，酸源为酒石酸；稀释剂为乳糖。
包括如下质量分数的成分：1.5％调环酸钙、10％润滑剂、40％泡腾剂、48.5％稀释剂；泡腾剂的碱源和酸源的摩尔比为1:1。
对比实施例3含1％壳寡糖泡腾片的配制
本实施例提供一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片，本实施例中，植物诱抗剂泡腾片成分包括植物生长调节剂、润滑剂、泡腾剂、稀释剂。植物生长调节剂采用壳寡糖；润滑剂采用聚乙二醇6000；泡腾剂的碱源为碳酸氢钠，酸源为酒石酸；稀释剂为乳糖。
包括如下质量分数的成分：1％壳寡糖、10％润滑剂、40％泡腾剂、49％稀释剂；泡腾剂的碱源和酸源的摩尔比为1:1。
对比实施例4含22.5％矿源黄腐酸泡腾片的配制
本实施例提供一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片，本实施例中，植物诱抗剂泡腾片成分包括植物生长调节剂、润滑剂、泡腾剂、稀释剂。植物生长调节剂采用矿源黄腐酸；润滑剂采用聚乙二醇6000；泡腾剂的碱源为碳酸氢钠，酸源为酒石酸；稀释剂为乳糖。
包括如下质量分数的成分：22.5％矿源黄腐酸、10％润滑剂、40％泡腾剂、27.5％稀释剂；泡腾剂的碱源和酸源的摩尔比为1:1。
根据上述实施例2与对比实施例1-4配制系列泡腾片，进行室内用穴盘盆栽狗牙根(架空输电线路塔基区适生植物)诱抗试验：种子萌发后15天，制剂稀释1000倍液进行叶面喷施，间隔15天，再施药第2次；在第二次施药后15天，在穴盘土壤中旱[40％<R(土壤相对湿度)≤50％]的条件下，置于人工气候室进行高温(45℃)胁迫处理8小时，然后测定叶片的相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸等的含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性，每种处理3个重复，取平均值，试验结果如表1所示。
表1系列泡腾片对狗牙根幼苗的诱抗效果
从表1可知，实施例2，即施用25％植物生长调节剂(配比为1.5％调环酸钙、1％壳寡糖和22.5％矿源黄腐酸)泡腾片稀释液，可非常显著地减轻狗牙根受高温胁迫对叶片的伤害，并且诱抗效果比施用单剂(1.5％调环酸钙、1％壳寡糖或22.5％矿源黄腐酸)更明显。其中，相对电导率从26.89％降低至17.36％；MDA从7.83mmol.g-1FW降低至4.81mmol.g-1FW；超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)从37.43U升高到64.48U；POD从37.93U升高到62.49U。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片，其特征在于，包括如下质量分数的成分：10～35％植物生长调节剂、5～15％润滑剂、35～45％泡腾剂和5～50％稀释剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片，其特征在于，所述植物生长调节剂包括质量分数如下的成分：1.0～2.0％调环酸钙、0.5～1.5％壳寡糖和10～30％矿源黄腐酸。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片，其特征在于，所述润滑剂为聚乙二醇6000或硬脂酸镁。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片，其特征在于，所述泡腾剂包括摩尔比为3:2～2:3的碱源和酸源。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片，其特征在于，所述碱源为碳酸氢钠，酸源为柠檬酸、酒石酸或苹果酸。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片，其特征在于，所述稀释剂为乳糖或甘露醇。
7.一种根据权利要求1所述的植物诱抗剂泡腾片在架空输电线路裸土区植被修复的应用。
8.如权利要求7所述的一种植物诱抗剂泡腾片在架空输电线路裸土区植被修复的应用，其特征在于，所述植物诱抗剂泡腾片用于解决架空输电线路塔基区适生植物受高温、干旱胁迫所出现的萎蔫现象，其中适生植物为草坪草，选自暖季型和冷季型草坪草中至少一种。
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