CN115808113A - Flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115808113A CN115808113A CN202211059370.3A CN202211059370A CN115808113A CN 115808113 A CN115808113 A CN 115808113A CN 202211059370 A CN202211059370 A CN 202211059370A CN 115808113 A CN115808113 A CN 115808113A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision and a measuring method thereof, and aims to provide the flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision, which has the effects of retarding and forming pressure maintaining positioning, has high detection precision, strong stability and strong practicability and is used for detecting numerical values through a pressure sensor and converting specific measured values, and has the technical scheme that each testing rod comprises an upper rod body connected with an installation channel, a cavity arranged in the upper rod body and a lower rod body in sliding connection with the cavity, a pressure sensing mechanism is arranged in the cavity, the testing rod is divided into the upper rod body and the lower rod body by adopting the structure, the upper rod body and the lower rod body are in sliding connection, and when a connecting block moves downwards, the lower rod body pushes against the ground to form pressure on the pressure sensor and then converts the pressure into specific measured data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flatness measuring instruments, in particular to a flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision and a measuring method thereof.
Background
At present, project supervision refers to controlling the quality, cost and progress of construction projects in the construction stage, managing contracts and information, coordinating the relationship of relevant parties of the construction projects, and performing the service activities of legal responsibilities of the safety production management of the construction projects. The pavement evenness is one of main indexes for measuring the overall structure and the pavement quality of a road. The flatness of the road surface plays an important role in the driving speed, the running cost and the safety and comfort of the motor vehicle, so that the flatness of the road surface needs to be detected in the process of project supervision.
The traditional flatness measuring instrument is disclosed in patent No. CN111879222B, and comprises a base, a testing rod, a testing board and a driving mechanism, wherein the technical scheme is adopted, during detection, the lower end of the base is tightly attached to a road surface to be detected, the testing rod can be jacked up at a position where a bulge exists on the ground, then the driving mechanism is started to drive the testing board to descend until the bottom surface of the testing board is abutted to the top surface of the testing rod with the highest jacking, the distance between the lower end of the testing board and the bottommost end of the base is read out through a testing ruler, then the length of the testing rod is subtracted from the distance, and the flatness of the road surface can be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision, which detects numerical values through the pressure sensor, converts the numerical values into specific measured values, has the effects of retarding and forming pressure maintaining positioning, and has the advantages of high detection precision, strong stability and strong practicability.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision comprises a base, a testing rod and a driving mechanism, wherein a connecting block is connected to the base in a sliding mode, an installation channel is arranged on the connecting block and penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the connecting block, the lower end of the connecting block is higher than the lower end of the base, and the testing rod is vertically arranged in the installation channel; the number of the test rods is multiple, and the number of the installation channels is the same as that of the test rods and corresponds to that of the test rods one by one; the drive mechanism is used for driving the connecting block goes up and down, each the test rod all includes the last body of rod of being connected with installation channel, set up in the cavity of the last body of rod and with cavity sliding connection's the lower body of rod, be equipped with pressure-sensitive mechanism in the cavity, pressure-sensitive mechanism is including setting up pressure sensor in the cavity, setting up the pressure-bearing spring between pressure sensor and the lower body of rod and setting up the pad body between pressure-bearing spring and pressure sensor, each pressure sensor is connected with the controller, and this controller is connected with the digital display screen that sets up on the base.
The invention is further configured to: the pressure sensing mechanism further comprises an adjusting part, the adjusting part comprises an adjusting cavity, a rotating part, a bearing block, a sliding rail, a pressure sensor and a rotating part, the adjusting cavity is arranged on the upper rod body and communicated with the cavity, the rotating part is arranged in the adjusting cavity, the bearing block is arranged in the adjusting cavity and used for installing the pressure sensor, the bearing block is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bearing block, the sliding rail is arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting cavity and matched with the bearing block, the pressure sensor is connected with the bearing block through a bolt, the bearing block and the rotating part are movably connected through a connecting rod, an internal thread is arranged on the rotating part, and an external thread matched with the rotating part is arranged outside the upper rod body.
The invention is further configured to: the base is provided with a lifting track used for the connecting block to slide up and down in a reciprocating mode, the bottom of the lifting track is provided with a speed control mechanism, the speed control mechanism is used for controlling the lifting speed of the connecting block, the speed control mechanism comprises an electromagnet arranged at the bottom of the lifting track, an electrifying circuit electrically communicated with the electromagnet, a current regulator arranged in the electrifying circuit and a permanent magnet arranged on the lower end face of the connecting block and opposite to the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is configured to be repelled with the permanent magnet when being electrified.
The invention is further configured to: be equipped with limit structure down between body of rod and the cavity, this limit structure including set up in the cavity the inner slide, set up on the body of rod down and with the slider of inner slide looks adaptation, set up in the cavity and be close to the inner ring groove of terminal surface department and set up the jump ring in the inner ring groove.
The invention is further configured to: actuating mechanism is lift cylinder, and this lift cylinder still is connected with pressurize control mechanism, and pressurize control mechanism presses the valve, with the tribit four-way reversing valve that the end that produces oil communicates and the first on-off valve that is connected with the time return end that the valve was pressed to the accuse including adjusting the oil pump, with the accuse of adjusting the oil pump connection and including oil feed end, play oil end and time return end.
The invention is further configured to: the three-position four-way reversing valve comprises an opening A, an opening B, an opening C and an opening D, wherein the opening B is communicated with a rodless cavity of the adjusting oil cylinder, the opening A is communicated with a rod cavity of the adjusting oil cylinder, the opening D is communicated with an oil outlet end of the pressure control valve, and an output end of the adjusting oil pump is communicated with an oil inlet end of the pressure control valve.
The invention is further configured to: the pressure control valve is characterized in that a valve core is arranged in a cavity of the pressure control valve, the cavity is divided into an upper cavity part and a lower cavity part by the valve core, the valve core comprises a platform-shaped part located in the upper cavity part and a plane part located in the lower cavity part, the area of a table surface of the platform-shaped part is smaller than that of the plane part, a plurality of through holes for communicating the upper cavity part with the lower cavity part are formed in the valve core, and a pressure control spring is arranged in the lower cavity part and provides acting force of the valve core when the first on-off valve is closed, so that the pressure control spring seals an opening A of the pressure control valve; when the first on-off valve is opened, the lower cavity part is decompressed, and when the oil pump is driven to supply oil, the valve core is pushed open because less hydraulic oil enters the through hole, and the hydraulic oil flows out from the port A of the pressure control valve to form oil supply of an oil way.
The invention is further configured to: the lifting track is further provided with an air chamber coated outside the electromagnet, a connecting rod arranged between the connecting block and the permanent magnet, a piston plate arranged on the connecting rod and connected with the air chamber piston in a matching mode, an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel arranged on the air chamber, a second on-off valve arranged on the air inlet channel and a one-way valve arranged on the air outlet channel, and the permanent magnet is arranged on the piston plate and arranged in the air chamber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the testing device has the advantages that 1, each testing rod comprises an upper rod body connected with the mounting channel, a cavity arranged in the upper rod body and a lower rod body connected with the cavity in a sliding manner, a pressure sensing mechanism is arranged in the cavity, the testing rod is divided into the upper rod body and the lower rod body by adopting the structure, the upper rod body and the lower rod body are in a sliding connection manner, when the connecting block moves downwards, the lower rod body abuts against the ground to form pressure on the pressure sensor, and then the pressure sensor is converted into specific measurement data, further, the pressure sensing mechanism comprises a pressure sensor arranged in the cavity, a pressure-bearing spring arranged between the pressure sensor and the lower rod body and a pad body arranged between the pressure-bearing spring and the pressure sensor, each pressure sensor is connected with a controller, the controller is connected with a digital display screen arranged on the base, flatness testing is formed by the arranged pressure-bearing spring and the cooperation of the pad body and the pressure sensor, the testing device is high in detection precision, strong in practicability and simple in structure;
2. the pressure sensing mechanism further comprises an adjusting part, the adjusting part is arranged to comprise an adjusting cavity which is arranged on the upper rod body and communicated with the cavity, a rotating part arranged in the adjusting cavity, a bearing block which is arranged in the adjusting cavity and used for installing a pressure sensor, orientation blocks which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bearing block, and a sliding rail which is arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting cavity and matched with the orientation blocks, the pressure sensor is connected with the bearing block through a bolt, the bearing block is movably connected with the rotating part through a connecting rod, an internal thread is arranged on the rotating part, and an external thread matched with the rotating part is arranged outside the upper rod body;
3. in order to ensure the stability of the connecting block during up-and-down reciprocating sliding and improve the speed control effect, a lifting track for up-and-down reciprocating sliding of the connecting block is arranged on the base, a speed control mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the lifting track and used for controlling the lifting speed of the connecting block, the speed control mechanism comprises an electromagnet arranged at the bottom of the lifting track, an electrifying circuit electrically communicated with the electromagnet, a current regulator arranged in the electrifying circuit and a permanent magnet arranged on the lower end face of the connecting block and opposite to the electromagnet, the electromagnet is configured to repel the permanent magnet when electrified, and when a pressure sensor senses pressure, the current on the electromagnet can be regulated through the current regulator, so that the magnetism of the electromagnet is increased and repelled with the permanent magnet, thereby forming a good speed control effect, strong practicability and simple structure;
4. the driving mechanism is a lifting oil cylinder, the lifting oil cylinder is also connected with a pressure maintaining control mechanism, the pressure maintaining control mechanism comprises an adjusting oil pump, a pressure control valve, a three-position four-way reversing valve and a first on-off valve, the pressure control valve is connected with the adjusting oil pump and comprises an oil inlet end, an oil outlet end and an oil return end, the three-position four-way reversing valve is communicated with the oil outlet end of the pressure control valve, the three-position four-way reversing valve comprises an opening A, an opening B, an opening C and an opening D, the opening B is communicated with a rodless cavity of the adjusting oil cylinder, the opening A is communicated with a rod cavity of the adjusting oil cylinder, the opening D is communicated with the oil outlet end of the pressure control valve, the output end of the adjusting oil pump is communicated with the oil inlet end of the pressure control valve, a valve core is arranged in a cavity of the pressure control valve and divides the cavity into an upper cavity part and a lower cavity part, the valve core comprises a platform-shaped part located in the upper cavity part and a planar part, the platform-shaped part is smaller than the planar part, the platform-shaped part, a plurality of through holes for communicating the upper cavity part and the lower cavity part are formed in the valve core, a pressure control spring is arranged in the lower cavity part, and the lower cavity part is provided with the pressure control spring, and when the first on-off valve is closed, the first on-off valve, the pressure control spring, the pressure control spring provides an acting force; when the first on-off valve is opened, the lower cavity part is decompressed, when the oil pump is driven to supply oil, the hydraulic oil entering the through hole is less, so that the valve core is pushed open, the hydraulic oil flows out from the opening A of the pressure control valve to form oil supply of an oil way, by adopting the structural arrangement, the lifting oil cylinder is connected with the pressure maintaining control mechanism to form a sealing effect when the lifting oil cylinder descends, and when one pressure sensor monitors a pressure value, the first on-off valve is closed, the lower cavity part of the pressure control valve is closed because of the first on-off valve, the hydraulic oil is not communicated, the opening A is sealed through the valve core, so that the output of the oil pump is sealed, the pressure control effect is formed, the practicability is high, and the structure is simple;
5. still be equipped with the air chamber of cladding outside the electro-magnet on the lift track, set up the connecting rod between connecting block and permanent magnet, set up on the connecting rod and in the piston board that the air chamber piston cooperation is connected, set up inlet channel and air outlet channel on the air chamber, the permanent magnet sets up on the piston board and arranges in the air chamber, adopt the above-mentioned structure setting, because the air chamber structure that sets up, and through setting up the second shut-off valve on inlet channel and setting up the check valve on air outlet channel, make when forming piston board activity down, air chamber atmospheric pressure is along with air outlet channel discharges, the atmospheric pressure in the air chamber reduces this moment, the piston board keeps motionless under the effect of atmospheric pressure, thereby form accuse pressure and form stable effect, the stability of test has been ensured.
The controller comprises a receiving unit, a measuring unit and a control unit, wherein the receiving unit is used for receiving pressure electric signals of each pressure sensor; the conversion unit is used for converting the received pressure electric signals into uneven integer values; the control unit is used for controlling the current output of the current regulator, controlling the starting and stopping of the lifting oil cylinder and the lifting reciprocating motion and controlling the on-off of the first and second cut-off valves,
s1, placing a measuring instrument on the ground to be measured to ensure the flatness of the measuring instrument when the measuring instrument is placed;
s2, after the situation that the measuring instrument is placed is ensured, starting a lifting oil cylinder, driving a connecting block to lift by the lifting oil cylinder, and opening a first electromagnetic valve through a controller to ensure that the oil quantity of the lifting oil cylinder keeps a passage;
s3, after the lifting oil cylinder drives the connecting block to descend, the testing rod descends along with the connecting block, the controller controls the second electromagnetic valve to be closed, the air chamber forms a space which is only exhausted and does not intake air through the one-way valve, when the piston plate presses down, air pressure in the air chamber is reduced and is acted by atmospheric pressure, the air chamber forms a pressure maintaining state, and the piston plate is in a balance state;
s4, the lower rod of the test rod touches the ground, when each pressure detector detects a pressure value, the controller closes the first electromagnetic valve, the lifting oil cylinder slowly descends, the value detected by each pressure detector is marked as P, the loss-to-float error of the P value is allowed to be within a range of +/-d values, and if the value detected by one pressure detector is not within the range of tolerance d, the flatness is judged to be over-convex or over-concave;
s5, setting an early warning value of the pressure detectors to be P1, slowly descending the lifting oil cylinder by closing a first on-off valve in an oil way, if the value detected by one of the pressure detectors is P0, the rest of the pressure detectors do not detect pressure, and the value of P0 is larger than P1, controlling a current regulator to increase current output by a controller, enabling an electromagnet and a permanent magnet to form repulsion, switching a reversing valve, and opening the first on-off valve to enable the lifting oil cylinder to reset a connecting block;
s6, circulating the steps S1 to S5.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, beneficial effect, through changing traditional measuring method, adopt the mode of pressure conversion, data reading is more directly perceived, and through adopting pressurize control mechanism, make under different pressures, form holistic stationarity, reduce the damage to pressure sensor, and this method has still added the air chamber structure, ensure that the hydro-cylinder forms the effect of pressurize after the motion, improve measuring accuracy, and simultaneously, set for a unified pressure value, and there is the unsteady space of a tolerance, if the numerical value is too big or the undersize, just judge the corresponding condition of roughness, therefore, the clothes hanger is strong in practicability, it is convenient to detect, and is more directly perceived.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flatness measuring apparatus for engineering supervision and a measuring method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flatness measuring apparatus for engineering supervision and a measuring method thereof according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an oil path of a lift cylinder according to an embodiment of the flatness measuring apparatus for project supervision and a measuring method thereof of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a structure a in fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the flatness measuring apparatus for engineering supervision and the measuring method thereof of the present invention.
Reference numeral in the figure, 1, a base; 10. connecting blocks; 11. installing a channel; 12. a lifting rail; 121. an electromagnet; 122. A permanent magnet; 13. an air chamber; 130. a connecting rod; 131. a piston plate; 132. an air intake passage; 133. an air outlet channel; 134. a second on-off valve; 135. a one-way valve; 2. a test rod; 20. a rod body is arranged; 201. a cavity; 21. a lower rod body; 202. a pressure sensor; 203. a pressure-bearing spring; 204. a cushion body; 205. a controller; 206. a digital display screen; 210. a conditioning chamber; 211. a rotating member; 212. a bearing block; 213. an orientation block; 214. a slide rail; 3. a drive mechanism; 30. adjusting an oil pump; 31. a pressure control valve; 32. a three-position four-way reversing valve; 33. a first on-off valve; 310. a valve core; 311. an upper chamber portion; 312. a lower cavity part; 313. a mesa-shaped portion; 314. a planar portion; 315. a through hole; 316. and controlling the pressure of the spring.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of a flatness measuring apparatus for engineering supervision and a measuring method thereof according to the present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
Spatially relative terms, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like, may be used in the embodiments to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures for ease of description. It will be understood that the spatial terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" can encompass both an upper and a lower orientation. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one element from another element having the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such elements.
A flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision comprises a base 1, a testing rod 2 and a driving mechanism 3, wherein a connecting block 10 is connected to the base 1 in a sliding mode, an installation channel 11 is arranged on the connecting block 10, the installation channel 11 penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the connecting block 10, the lower end of the connecting block 10 is higher than the lower end of the base 1, and the testing rod 2 is vertically arranged in the installation channel 11; the number of the test rods 2 is multiple, and the number of the installation channels 11 is the same as that of the test rods 2 and corresponds to that of the test rods one by one; the driving mechanism 3 is used for driving the connecting block 10 to ascend and descend, each testing rod 2 comprises an upper rod body 20 connected with the mounting channel 11, a cavity 201 arranged in the upper rod body 20 and a lower rod body 21 connected with the cavity 201 in a sliding manner, a pressure sensing mechanism is arranged in the cavity 201, the pressure sensing mechanism comprises a pressure sensor 202 arranged in the cavity 201, a pressure-bearing spring 203 arranged between the pressure sensor 202 and the lower rod body 21, and a cushion body 204 arranged between the pressure-bearing spring 203 and the pressure sensor 202, each pressure sensor 202 is connected with a controller 205, the controller 205 is connected with a digital display screen 206 arranged on the base 1, each test rod 2 comprises an upper rod body 20 connected with the installation channel 11, a cavity 201 arranged in the upper rod body 20 and a lower rod body 21 connected with the cavity 201 in a sliding way, a pressure sensing mechanism is arranged in the cavity 201, by adopting the structure, the testing rod 2 is divided into an upper rod body 21 and a lower rod body 21, and the upper rod body 20 and the lower rod body 21 are connected in a sliding way, when the connecting block 10 moves downwards, pressure is formed on the pressure sensors 202 after the lower rod body 21 butts against the ground, and then the pressure is converted into specific measurement data, and further, the pressure sensing mechanism is arranged to comprise the pressure sensors 202 arranged in the cavity 201, the pressure-bearing spring 203 arranged between the pressure sensors 202 and the lower rod body 21, and the cushion body 204 arranged between the pressure-bearing spring 203 and the pressure sensors 202, each pressure sensor 202 is connected with a controller 205, this controller 205 is connected with the digital display screen 206 that sets up on base 1, and through the pressure-bearing spring 203 and the cooperation pad body 204 and the pressure sensor 202 that set up, the formation is to the test of roughness, and the practicality is strong, simple structure.
The invention is further arranged that the pressure sensing mechanism further comprises an adjusting part, the adjusting part comprises an adjusting chamber 210 which is arranged on the upper rod body 20 and communicated with the cavity 201, a rotating part 211 which is arranged in the adjusting chamber 210, a bearing block 212 which is arranged in the adjusting chamber 210 and used for installing the pressure sensor 202, orientation blocks 213 which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the bearing block 212, and a slide rail 214 which is arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting chamber 210 and matched with the orientation blocks 213, the pressure sensor is connected with the bearing block 212 through a bolt, the bearing block 212 is movably connected with the rotating part 211 through a connecting rod, the rotating part 211 is provided with internal threads, the upper rod body 20 is externally provided with external threads matched with the rotating part 211, the pressure sensing mechanism further comprises the adjusting part, the adjusting part is arranged to include an adjusting chamber 210 which is arranged on the upper rod body 20 and communicated with the cavity 201, a rotating part 211 which is arranged in the adjusting chamber 210, a bearing block 212 which is arranged in the adjusting chamber 210 and used for installing the pressure sensor 202, orientation blocks 213 which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the bearing block 212, and a slide rail 214 which is arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting chamber 210 and matched with the orientation blocks 213, the pressure sensor is connected with the bearing block 212 through a bolt, the bearing block 212 is movably connected with the rotating part 211 through a connecting rod, an internal thread is arranged on the rotating part 211, an external thread matched with the rotating part 211 is arranged outside the upper rod body 20, by adopting the structure arrangement, because the rotating part 211 and the upper rod body 20 are connected through the internal thread and the external thread, when the rotating part is matched, the bearing block 212 is connected with the rotating part 211 through the connecting rod, and the bearing block 212 and the rotating part 211 can rotate radially, when the bearing block 212 is driven by the rotation of the rotating part 211, the axial movement can be carried out, and bearing block 212 and regulation cavity 210 carry out orientation activity through orientation piece 213 and slide rail 214, therefore bearing block 212 can not rotate along with rotating member 211 rotates, simultaneously, because pressure sensor 202 and bearing block 212 are connected, has played the effect of adjusting pressure sensor 202 induction intensity, and the practicality is strong, simple structure.
The invention further provides that a lifting track 12 used for the connecting block 10 to slide up and down in a reciprocating manner is arranged on the base 1, a speed control mechanism is arranged on the bottom of the lifting track 12 and used for controlling the lifting speed of the connecting block 10, the speed control mechanism comprises an electromagnet 121 arranged at the bottom of the lifting track 12, an electrifying circuit electrically communicated with the electromagnet 121, a current regulator arranged in the electrifying circuit and a permanent magnet 122 arranged on the lower end face of the connecting block 10 and opposite to the electromagnet 121, when the electromagnet 121 is electrified, the electromagnet repels the permanent magnet 122, in order to ensure the stability of the connecting block 10 in the up-down reciprocating sliding manner and improve the speed control effect, the lifting track 12 used for the connecting block 10 to slide up and down in a reciprocating manner is arranged on the base 1, the speed control mechanism is arranged on the bottom of the lifting track 12 and used for controlling the lifting speed of the connecting block 10, the speed control mechanism comprises the electromagnet 121, the electrifying circuit electrically communicated with the electromagnet 121, a current regulator arranged in the electrifying circuit and the permanent magnet 122 arranged on the lower end face of the connecting block 10, when the permanent magnet 122 is arranged opposite to the electromagnet 121, the current regulator 121 and the electromagnet 121 are arranged, so that the electromagnet 121 can be easily inducted, and the pressure regulator can be easily sensed, and the electromagnetic regulator can be easily controlled.
The invention is further arranged in such a way that a limiting structure is arranged between the lower rod body 21 and the cavity 201, the limiting structure comprises an inner slide way arranged in the cavity 201, a slide block arranged on the lower rod body 21 and matched with the inner slide way, an inner ring groove arranged at the position of the cavity 201 close to the end face and a clamp spring arranged in the inner ring groove, and by adopting the structure, the lower rod body 21 slides in the cavity 201 of the upper rod body 20 through the matching between the inner slide way and the slide block, and the lower rod body 21 is fixed through the inner ring groove and the clamp spring structure, so that the stability is strong and the structure is simple.
The invention is further set that the driving mechanism 3 is a lifting oil cylinder, the lifting oil cylinder is also connected with a pressure maintaining control mechanism, the pressure maintaining control mechanism comprises an adjusting oil pump 30, a pressure control valve 31 which is connected with the adjusting oil pump 30 and comprises an oil inlet end, an oil outlet end and an oil return end, a three-position four-way reversing valve 32 communicated with the oil outlet end of the pressure control valve 31 and a first on-off valve 33 connected with the oil return end of the pressure control valve 31, in order to improve the control of the lifting speed of the lifting oil cylinder during lifting, the stability is strong, on one hand, the damage to the pressure sensor 202 is reduced, the practicability is strong, and a stable effect is formed after the connecting block 10 is lifted through the arranged pressure maintaining control mechanism, the stability during integral measurement is greatly improved, and the measurement precision is ensured.
The invention is further arranged that the three-position four-way reversing valve 32 comprises an opening A, an opening B, an opening C and an opening D, the opening B is communicated with the rodless cavity of the adjusting oil cylinder, the opening A is communicated with the rod cavity of the adjusting oil cylinder, the opening D is communicated with the oil outlet end of the pressure control valve 31, and the output end of the adjusting oil pump 30 is communicated with the oil inlet end of the pressure control valve 31.
The invention further provides that a valve core 310 is arranged in a cavity of the pressure control valve 31, the cavity is divided into an upper cavity part 311 and a lower cavity part 312 by the valve core 310, the valve core 310 comprises a platform-shaped part 313 positioned on the upper cavity part 311 and a plane part 314 positioned on the lower cavity part 312, the area of a table surface of the platform-shaped part 313 is smaller than that of the plane part 314, a plurality of through holes 315 communicating the upper cavity part 311 and the lower cavity part 312 are arranged on the valve core 310, a pressure control spring 316 is arranged in the lower cavity part 312, and when the first on-off valve 33 is closed, the pressure control spring 316 provides acting force for the valve core 310, so that the pressure control spring 316 seals an opening A of the pressure control valve 31; when the first on-off valve 33 is opened, the lower cavity part 312 is decompressed, when the oil pump is driven to supply oil, the valve core 310 is pushed open because less hydraulic oil enters the through hole 315, the hydraulic oil flows out from the port A of the pressure control valve 31 to form oil supply of an oil path, the driving mechanism 3 is a lifting oil cylinder, the lifting oil cylinder is also connected with a pressure maintaining control mechanism, the pressure maintaining control mechanism comprises an adjusting oil pump 30, a pressure control valve 31 which is connected with the adjusting oil pump 30 and comprises an oil inlet end, an oil outlet end and an oil return end, a three-position four-way reversing valve 32 communicated with the oil outlet end of the pressure control valve 31 and a first on-off valve 33 connected with the oil return end of the pressure control valve 31, the three-position four-way reversing valve 32 comprises a port, a port B port, a port and a port, and a port D port, and the port B port is communicated with a rodless cavity of the adjusting oil cylinder, the port A is communicated with a rod cavity of the adjusting oil cylinder, the port D is communicated with an oil outlet end of the pressure control valve 31, an output end of the adjusting oil pump 30 is communicated with an oil inlet end of the pressure control valve 31, a valve core 310 is arranged in the cavity of the pressure control valve 31, the cavity is divided into an upper cavity part 311 and a lower cavity part 312 by the valve core 310, the valve core 310 comprises a platform-shaped part 313 located in the upper cavity part 311 and a plane part 314 located in the lower cavity part 312, the area of a table surface of the platform-shaped part 313 is smaller than that of the plane part 314, a plurality of through holes 315 communicating the upper cavity part 311 and the lower cavity part 312 are formed in the valve core 310, and a pressure control spring 316 is arranged in the lower cavity part 312, and when the first on-off valve 33 is closed, the pressure control spring 316 provides acting force for the valve core 310, so that the pressure control spring 316 seals the port A of the pressure control valve 31; when the first on-off valve 33 is opened, the lower cavity part 312 is decompressed, when the oil pump is driven to supply oil, because the hydraulic oil entering the through hole 315 is less, thereby the valve core 310 is pushed away, the hydraulic oil flows out from the port A of the pressure control valve 31, and the oil supply of the oil way is formed.
The invention further provides that the lifting track 12 is further provided with an air chamber 13 wrapped outside the electromagnet 121, a connecting rod 130 arranged between the connecting block 10 and the permanent magnet 122, a piston plate 131 arranged on the connecting rod 130 and in piston fit connection with the air chamber 13, an air inlet channel 132 and an air outlet channel 133 arranged on the air chamber 13, a second cut-off valve 134 arranged on the air inlet channel 132 and a check valve 135 arranged on the air outlet channel 133, wherein the permanent magnet 122 is arranged on the piston plate 131 and in the air chamber 13, the air chamber 13 wrapped outside the electromagnet 121, the connecting rod 130 arranged between the connecting block 10 and the permanent magnet 122, the piston plate 131 arranged on the connecting rod 130 and in piston fit connection with the air chamber 13, the air inlet channel 132 and the air outlet channel 133 arranged on the air chamber 13, and the permanent magnet 122 arranged on the piston plate 131 and in the air chamber 13 are arranged, and the structure of the air chamber 13 is adopted, and the air pressure of the air chamber 13 is discharged along with the air pressure in the air inlet channel 132 and the check valve 135 arranged on the air outlet channel 133 when the piston plate 131 moves downwards, so that the piston plate 13 is kept stable and the stability of the piston plate is formed.
A measurement method suitable for the flatness measuring apparatus for engineering supervision described above, the controller 205 includes a receiving unit for receiving a pressure electrical signal of each pressure sensor 202; the conversion unit is used for converting the received pressure electric signal into an uneven integer value; the control unit is used for controlling the current output of the current regulator, controlling the starting and stopping of the lifting oil cylinder and the lifting reciprocating motion and controlling the on-off of the first and second cut-off valves,
s1, placing a measuring instrument on the ground to be measured to ensure the flatness of the measuring instrument when the measuring instrument is placed;
s2, after the situation that the measuring instrument is placed is ensured, starting a lifting oil cylinder, driving a connecting block 10 to lift by the lifting oil cylinder, and opening a first electromagnetic valve through a controller 205 to ensure that the oil quantity of the lifting oil cylinder keeps a passage;
s3, after the lifting oil cylinder drives the connecting block 10 to descend, the testing rod 2 descends along with the descending, the controller 205 controls the second electromagnetic valve to be closed, so that the air chamber 13 forms a space which only exhausts air but does not intake air through the one-way valve 135, when the piston plate 131 presses down, the air pressure in the air chamber 13 is reduced and is acted by the atmospheric pressure, so that the air chamber 13 forms a pressure maintaining state, and the piston plate 131 is in a balance state;
s4, when the lower rod of the test rod 2 touches the ground, when each pressure detector detects a pressure value, the controller 205 closes the first electromagnetic valve, the lifting oil cylinder slowly descends, the value detected by each pressure detector is marked as P, the float loss error of the value P is allowed to be within a range of +/-d, and if the value detected by one of the pressure detectors is not within a range of tolerance d, the flatness is judged to be over-convex or over-concave;
s5, setting an early warning value of the pressure detectors to be P1, slowly descending the lifting oil cylinder by closing the first on-off valve 33 in the oil way, if the value detected by one of the pressure detectors is P0, the rest of the pressure detectors do not detect pressure, and the value of P0 is larger than P1, controlling a current regulator to increase current output by the controller 205, enabling the electromagnet 121 and the permanent magnet 122 to form repulsion, switching the reversing valve, and opening the first on-off valve 33 to enable the lifting oil cylinder to reset the connecting block 10;
s6, circulating the steps S1-S5.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, beneficial effect, through changing traditional measuring method, adopt the mode of pressure conversion, data reading is more directly perceived, and through adopting pressurize control mechanism, make under different pressures, form holistic stationarity, reduce the damage to pressure sensor 202, and this method has still added air chamber 13 structure, ensure that the hydro-cylinder forms the effect of pressurize after the motion, improve measuring accuracy, and simultaneously, set for a unified pressure value, and there is the unsteady space of a tolerance, if too big or undersize of numerical value, just judge the corresponding condition of roughness, therefore, the clothes hanger is strong in practicability, it is convenient to detect, and is more directly perceived.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should be able to make general changes and substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision comprises a base (1), a testing rod (2) and a driving mechanism (3), wherein a connecting block (10) is connected onto the base (1) in a sliding mode, an installation channel (11) is arranged on the connecting block (10), the installation channel (11) penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the connecting block (10), the lower end of the connecting block (10) is higher than the lower end of the base (1), and the testing rod (2) is vertically arranged in the installation channel (11); the number of the test rods (2) is multiple, and the number of the mounting channels (11) is the same as that of the test rods (2) and corresponds to that of the test rods one by one; the device is characterized in that each test rod (2) comprises an upper rod body (20) connected with the installation channel (11), a cavity (201) arranged in the upper rod body (20) and a lower rod body (21) connected with the cavity (201) in a sliding manner, a pressure sensing mechanism is arranged in the cavity (201), the pressure sensing mechanism comprises a pressure sensor (202) arranged in the cavity (201), a pressure bearing spring (203) arranged between the pressure sensor (202) and the lower rod body (21) and a pad body (204) arranged between the pressure bearing spring (203) and the pressure sensor (202), each pressure sensor (202) is connected with a controller (205), and the controller (205) is connected with a digital display screen (206) arranged on the base (1).
2. The flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision according to claim 1, wherein the pressure sensing mechanism further comprises an adjusting portion, the adjusting portion comprises an adjusting chamber (210) disposed on the upper rod body (20) and communicated with the cavity (201), a rotating member (211) disposed in the adjusting chamber (210), a bearing block (212) disposed in the adjusting chamber (210) and used for mounting the pressure sensor (202), orientation blocks (213) symmetrically disposed on two sides of the bearing block (212), and a sliding rail (214) disposed on an inner wall of the adjusting chamber (210) and adapted to the orientation blocks (213), the pressure sensor is connected to the bearing block (212) through a bolt, the bearing block (212) and the rotating member (211) are movably connected through a connecting rod and axially move along with the rotation of the rotating member (211), the rotating member (211) is provided with an internal thread, and an external thread adapted to the rotating member (211) is disposed outside the upper rod body (20).
3. The flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision according to claim 1, wherein the base (1) is provided with a lifting rail (12) for sliding the connecting block (10) up and down reciprocally, the bottom of the lifting rail (12) is provided with a speed control mechanism for controlling the lifting speed of the connecting block (10), the speed control mechanism comprises an electromagnet (121) disposed at the bottom of the lifting rail (12), a power circuit electrically connected to the electromagnet (121), a current regulator disposed in the power circuit, and a permanent magnet (122) disposed on the lower end face of the connecting block (10) and opposite to the electromagnet (121), the electromagnet (121) is configured to repel the permanent magnet (122) when being powered on.
4. The flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision according to claim 1, wherein a limiting structure is arranged between the lower rod body (21) and the cavity (201), and the limiting structure comprises an inner slide way arranged in the cavity (201), a slide block arranged on the lower rod body (21) and matched with the inner slide way, an inner annular groove arranged at the position of the cavity (201) close to the end face, and a clamp spring arranged in the inner annular groove.
5. The flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism (3) is a lift cylinder, and the lift cylinder is further connected with a pressure maintaining control mechanism, and the pressure maintaining control mechanism comprises a regulating oil pump (30), a pressure control valve (31) connected with the regulating oil pump (30) and comprising an oil inlet end, an oil outlet end and an oil return end, a three-position four-way reversing valve (32) communicated with the oil outlet end of the pressure control valve (31), and a first on-off valve (33) connected with the oil return end of the pressure control valve (31).
6. The flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision according to claim 5, wherein said three-position four-way reversing valve (32) comprises a port A, a port B, a port C and a port D, the port B is connected to the rodless chamber of the adjusting cylinder, the port A is connected to the rod chamber of the adjusting cylinder, the port D is connected to the oil outlet of the pressure control valve (31), and the output of the adjusting oil pump (30) is connected to the oil inlet of the pressure control valve (31).
7. The flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision according to claim 5, characterized in that a valve core (310) is arranged in a cavity of the pressure control valve (31), the cavity is divided into an upper cavity portion (311) and a lower cavity portion (312) by the valve core (310), the valve core (310) comprises a table-shaped portion (313) located in the upper cavity portion (311) and a plane portion (314) located in the lower cavity portion (312), the area of the table surface of the table-shaped portion (313) is smaller than that of the plane portion (314), the valve core (310) is provided with a plurality of through holes (315) communicating the upper cavity portion (311) and the lower cavity portion (312), a pressure control spring (316) is arranged in the lower cavity portion (312), and when the first on-off valve (33) is closed, the pressure control spring (316) provides an acting force of the valve core (310), so that the pressure control spring (316) seals the port A of the pressure control valve (31); when the first on-off valve (33) is opened, the lower cavity part (312) is decompressed, and when the oil pump is driven to supply oil, the valve core (310) is pushed open due to less hydraulic oil entering the through hole (315), and the hydraulic oil flows out from the port A of the pressure control valve (31) to form oil supply of an oil way.
8. The flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision according to claim 3, wherein the lifting track (12) is further provided with an air chamber (13) covered outside the electromagnet (121), a connecting rod (130) arranged between the connecting block (10) and the permanent magnet (122), a piston plate (131) arranged on the connecting rod (130) and connected with the air chamber (13) in a piston fit manner, an air inlet channel (132) and an air outlet channel (133) arranged on the air chamber (13), a second on-off valve (134) arranged on the air inlet channel (132), and a one-way valve (135) arranged on the air outlet channel (133), and the permanent magnet (122) is arranged on the piston plate (131) and arranged in the air chamber (13).
9. A measuring method applied to the flatness measuring instrument for project supervision according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the controller (205) comprises a receiving unit for receiving a pressure electric signal of each pressure sensor (202); the conversion unit is used for converting the received pressure electric signals into uneven integer values; the control unit is used for controlling the current output of the current regulator, controlling the starting and stopping of the lifting oil cylinder and the lifting reciprocating motion and controlling the on-off of the first and second cut-off valves,
s1, placing a measuring instrument on the ground to be measured to ensure the flatness of the measuring instrument when the measuring instrument is placed;
s2, after the situation that the measuring instrument is placed is ensured, starting a lifting oil cylinder, driving a connecting block (10) to lift by the lifting oil cylinder, and opening a first electromagnetic valve through a controller (205) to ensure that the oil quantity of the lifting oil cylinder keeps a passage;
s3, after the lifting oil cylinder drives the connecting block (10) to descend, the testing rod (2) descends along with the lifting oil cylinder, the controller (205) controls the second electromagnetic valve to be closed, the air chamber (13) forms a space which is only exhausted and does not intake air through the one-way valve (135), when the piston plate (131) presses down, the air pressure in the air chamber (13) is reduced, the air chamber (13) is in a pressure maintaining state under the action of atmospheric pressure, and the piston plate (131) is in a balance state;
s4, when the lower rod of the test rod (2) touches the ground, when each pressure detector detects a pressure value, the controller (205) closes the first electromagnetic valve, the lifting oil cylinder slowly descends, the value detected by each pressure detector is marked as P, the loss and float error of the value P is allowed to be within a range of +/-d, and if the value detected by one of the pressure detectors is not within a range of tolerance d, the flatness is judged to be over-convex or over-concave;
s5, setting an early warning value of the pressure detectors to be P1, enabling the lifting oil cylinders to descend slowly, if the value detected by one of the pressure detectors is P0, the other pressure detectors do not detect pressure, and the value of P0 is larger than P1, controlling a current regulator to increase current output by a controller (205), enabling an electromagnet (121) and a permanent magnet (122) to form repulsion, and then enabling the connecting block (10) to reset through the lifting oil cylinders;
s6, circulating the steps S1 to S5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211059370.3A CN115808113A (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision and measuring method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211059370.3A CN115808113A (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision and measuring method thereof |
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| CN115808113A true CN115808113A (en) | 2023-03-17 |
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| CN202211059370.3A Pending CN115808113A (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision and measuring method thereof |
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| CN111879222A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-03 | 惠州建安工程项目管理有限公司 | Flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision |
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| CN216432933U (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-05-03 | 保定市市政工程管理有限公司 | Road pavement flatness detection device for highway engineering supervision |
| CN114457507A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-10 | 浙江华基环保科技有限公司 | Production process of polyester anti-sticking bag needled felt |
| CN114738592A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-07-12 | 浙江肥特科技有限公司 | Anti-blocking device for water inlet pipeline of irrigation water supply pump and control method thereof |
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| CN107339284A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-11-10 | 福建龙马环卫装备股份有限公司 | A kind of oil cylinder decision-making system and method in place |
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