CN115711634A - Sensitivity-enhanced sensing optical cable - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication optical cables, and provides a sensitivity-enhanced sensing optical cable.A fiber unit in the optical cable is spirally wound and distributed, so that the stable transmission performance of the optical cable is ensured, the fiber length in the unit optical cable length is increased, and the detection sensitivity is improved; the continuous groove arrays are spirally distributed on the surface of the central reinforcing member, the optical fiber units are filled in the grooves of the groove arrays, so that the gap between the central reinforcing member and the protective layer is reduced, the resistance of air in the gap to sound waves is reduced, the sensitivity of sound wave signal detection is improved, meanwhile, the polyester fiber composite belt of the single-sided composite polyester film is filled along the inner surface of the groove, the polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt is tightly attached to the inner surface of the groove, the non-composite polyester film surface has the porous characteristic, the sound wave absorption effect is improved by utilizing the porous characteristic of the surface of the polyester fiber composite belt, a sound-containing cavity is formed in the whole groove, and the sensitivity of optical fiber detection is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of communication optical cables, in particular to a sensitivity-enhanced sensing optical cable.
Background
With the development of optical fiber technology, optical fibers are no longer limited to the function of communication media, and the optical fiber sensing technology is rapidly developed along with the development of the optical fiber communication technology, and is a novel sensing technology which takes light waves as a carrier and optical fibers as media and senses and transmits external detected signals. In the future, an optical cable product based on distributed optical fiber sensing can be well connected into an optical communication network, has the characteristics of economy, flexibility, continuity, long distance, high precision and real-time monitoring, and can be widely applied to detection and security in the fields of power cables, petroleum pipelines, tunnel roadbeds, building bridges, structural health, geotechnical engineering, dam hydrology, ocean exploration and the like.
The existing sensing optical cable is used as a carrier of an optical fiber distributed sensing system, optical fibers in the optical cable are mostly directly placed in the actual application process, and when the optical fibers are directly placed, the length of a single sensing optical fiber distributed in the unit optical cable length is limited, so that the detection sensitivity is not high. Meanwhile, under the influence of application scenes, the sensing optical cable needs to have certain mechanical strength, such as tensile and lateral pressure resistance, so that the optical cable is prevented from being damaged in the laying process.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present application provides a sensing optical cable with enhanced sensitivity, which can solve the problems in the background art.
The embodiment of the application provides a spiritThe sensitivity-enhanced sensing optical cable comprises a central reinforcing member and an optical fiber unit layer outside the central reinforcing member, wherein the central reinforcing member is an elastomer or a thermoplastic elastic material with metal or nonmetal elements nested inside, and the optical fiber unit layer comprises optical fiber units which are spirally wound around the central reinforcing member continuously; the surface of the central reinforcing member is spirally distributed with a continuous groove array along the length direction, the optical fiber units are filled in the grooves of the groove array, the maximum depth and the maximum width of the grooves are not less than the diameter of the optical fiber units, and when a single optical fiber unit is accommodated, the size ranges of the maximum depth H and the maximum width W of the grooves are satisfied: d is not less than H and not more than d + d 0 ，d≤W≤d+d 0 Wherein d is the fiber unit diameter; when n optical fiber units are accommodated, the size range of the groove satisfies the following conditions: d f <H≤d f +d 0 Wherein: n is not less than 2,d f Is the equivalent diameter of n optical fiber units; d is a radical of 0 D is a free coefficient, i.e. the maximum vertical distance from the inner surface of the groove to the optical fiber unit after the groove is filled, and is more than or equal to 0 0 D is less than or equal to d; the polyester fiber composite belt with the single-sided composite polyester film is filled along the inner surface of the groove, the composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt is not breathable, the non-composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt has the porous characteristic, the polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt is tightly attached to the inner surface of the groove, and the non-composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt faces the optical fiber unit.
In some embodiments, the groove has an arc-shaped and square-shaped transverse cross-section, and the maximum depth and the maximum width of the groove should be not less than the diameter of the optical fiber unit.
In some embodiments, the sensing cable comprises a plurality of repeating segments of equal length, the winding pitch of the optical fiber units in the repeating segments being arranged variably.
In some embodiments, there are more than two groove arrays, and the grooves of the groove arrays have a first spacing d between them 1 (ii) a A second spacing d2 is formed between the groove arrays, and d1 is more than or equal to 0 and less than d2.
In some embodiments, the optical fiber unit is in the form of a flat ribbon.
In some embodiments, the number of the bare fibers in the optical fiber unit is at least one, and the bare fibers are uniformly spaced and axially distributed in a continuous manner in the flat ribbon of the optical fiber unit, or the bare fibers are distributed in a continuous sinusoidal manner in the flat ribbon of the optical fiber unit.
In some embodiments, a first wrapping tape and a first outer protective layer are sequentially wrapped outside the optical fiber unit layer from inside to outside, and a reinforcing element is arranged in the first outer protective layer, wherein the reinforcing element is a metal element or Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP).
In some embodiments, the optical fiber unit layer is further sequentially wrapped with a first wrapping tape, a first outer protective layer, an outer armor layer, a second wrapping tape, and a second outer protective layer from inside to outside.
The beneficial effect that this application can reach.
The sensing optical cable with enhanced sensitivity is characterized in that optical fiber units in the optical cable are spirally wound and distributed, so that the stable transmission performance of the optical cable is ensured, the optical fiber length in the unit optical cable length is increased, the detectable range is further widened, and the detection sensitivity is improved; meanwhile, the central reinforcement is made of a sensitization material, so that the external transmission energy loss can be reduced, and the detection sensitivity of the sensing optical cable is improved; furthermore, in the present application, a continuous groove array is distributed on the surface of the central reinforcement to accommodate a plurality of optical fiber units, a test signal channel is added to provide a spare circuit when the optical fiber is broken, and the optical fiber units are filled in the groove, so that compared with the case that the optical fiber units are directly spirally wound on the surface of the central reinforcement, the gap between the central reinforcement and the protective layer is reduced, the resistance of air in the gap to sound waves is reduced, and the sensitivity of sound wave signal detection is improved; and the polyester fiber composite belt with a single-sided composite polyester film is filled along the inner surface of the groove, the composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt is airtight, the non-composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt has a porous characteristic, the polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt is tightly attached to the inner surface of the groove, the non-composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt faces the optical fiber unit, the porous characteristic of the surface of the polyester fiber composite belt is utilized to improve the sound wave absorption effect, a sound-containing cavity is formed in the whole groove, and the sensitivity of optical fiber detection is improved.
On the other hand, some embodiments of the present application provide a high-strength lateral pressure resistant sensing optical cable, which sequentially includes, from inside to outside, a central reinforcement, an optical fiber unit layer, a first wrapping band, a first outer protective layer, an outer armor layer, a second wrapping band, and a structural design of a second outer protective layer, where the outer armor layer, the inner and outer wrapping bands, and the inner and outer protective layers are provided, so as to further enhance the overall strength of the sensing optical cable, and enhance the bending resistance, lateral pressure resistance, and tensile resistance of the sensing optical cable, thereby satisfying the laying requirements under various severe conditions.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction of an enhanced sensitivity sensing optical cable of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a first configuration of a groove array of an enhanced sensitivity sensing optical cable of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a groove configuration of an enhanced sensitivity sensing cable of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a groove array structure of a sensitivity enhanced sensing optical cable according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an enhanced structure of a sensitivity enhanced sensing optical cable according to the present application.
Wherein: 1-central reinforcement, 2-optical fiber unit layers, 3-first wrapping tape, 4-first outer protective layers, 5-tearing ropes, 6-reinforcing elements, 7-optical fiber units, 8-grooves, 9-groove arrays, 10-outer armor layers, 11-second wrapping tapes, 12-second outer protective layers, 13-top surfaces of the grooves, 14-side walls of the grooves and 15-bottom surfaces of the grooves.
Detailed Description
The terms "comprising," "including," or "characterized by" in the description and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are synonymous with "including," "containing," or "characterized by," and are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional unrecited elements or method steps. "comprising" is a term of art used in claim language and means that the recited elements are present but that other elements may be added and still form a structure or method within the scope of the recited claims.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures, and moreover, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used merely to distinguish one description from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "about" in this application is meant to encompass minor variations (up to +/-10%) from the stated value.
The existing sensing optical cable is used as a carrier of an optical fiber distributed sensing system, optical fibers in the optical cable are mostly directly placed in the actual application process, and when the optical fibers are directly placed, the length of a single sensing optical fiber distributed in the unit optical cable length is limited, so that the detection sensitivity is not high. Meanwhile, due to the influence of an application scene, the sensing optical cable needs to have certain mechanical strength, such as tensile and lateral pressure resistance, and the optical cable is prevented from being damaged in the laying process.
In view of this, in one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a sensitivity-enhanced sensing optical cable comprising a central strength member and a layer of optical fiber units outside the central strength member, the central strength member being an elastomer or a thermoplastic elastomer with a metal or non-metal element nested therein, the layer of optical fiber units comprising optical fiber units helically wound continuously around the central strength member; the surface of the central reinforcing member is spirally distributed with a continuous groove array along the length direction, the optical fiber units are filled in the grooves of the groove array, and the maximum vertical distance between the optical fiber units and the inner surface of the groove and the top surface of the groove is not more than the diameter of the optical fiber units; the polyester fiber composite belt with the single-sided composite polyester film is filled along the inner surface of the groove, the composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt is not breathable, the non-composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt has the porous characteristic, the polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt is tightly attached to the inner surface of the groove, and the non-composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt faces the optical fiber unit. In the sensing optical cable with enhanced sensitivity in the embodiment, the optical fiber units in the optical cable are spirally wound and distributed, so that the stable transmission performance of the optical cable is ensured, the optical fiber length in the unit optical cable length is increased, the detectable range is further widened, and the detection sensitivity is improved; meanwhile, the central reinforcement is made of a sensitization material, so that the external transmission energy loss can be reduced, and the detection sensitivity of the sensing optical cable is improved; furthermore, in the present application, a continuous groove array is distributed on the surface of the central reinforcement to accommodate a plurality of optical fiber units, a test signal channel is added to provide a spare circuit when the optical fiber is broken, and the optical fiber units are filled in the groove, so that compared with the case that the optical fiber units are directly spirally wound on the surface of the central reinforcement, the gap between the central reinforcement and the protective layer is reduced, the resistance of air in the gap to sound waves is reduced, and the sensitivity of sound wave signal detection is improved; and the polyester fiber composite belt with a single-sided composite polyester film is filled along the inner surface of the groove, the composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt is airtight, the non-composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt has a porous characteristic, the polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt is tightly attached to the inner surface of the groove, the non-composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt faces the optical fiber unit, the porous characteristic of the surface of the polyester fiber composite belt is utilized to improve the sound wave absorption effect, a sound-containing cavity is formed in the whole groove, and the sensitivity of optical fiber detection is improved.
In addition, some embodiments of the present application further provide a high-strength lateral pressure resistant sensitivity-enhanced sensing optical cable, which sequentially includes a central reinforcement, an optical fiber unit layer, a first wrapping band, a first outer protective layer, an outer armor layer, a second wrapping band, and a second outer protective layer from inside to outside, and the outer armor layer, the inner and outer wrapping bands, and the inner and outer protective layers are arranged, so that the overall strength of the sensing optical cable is further enhanced, the bending resistance, the lateral pressure resistance, and the tensile strength of the sensing optical cable are enhanced, and the laying requirements under various severe conditions are met.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
Example 1
In this embodiment 1, a sensing optical cable with enhanced sensitivity is provided, as shown in fig. 1, which includes, in order from inside to outside, a central reinforcement 1, an optical fiber unit layer 2, a first wrapping tape 3 of a polyimide film (PI film), and a first outer protective layer 4. The optical fiber unit layer 2 is continuously spirally and densely wound along the central reinforcing member 1 by using at least 1 optical fiber unit 7. As shown in fig. 1-2, a continuous groove array 9 is spirally distributed on the surface of the central reinforcing member 1 along the length direction, and the optical fiber unit 7 is filled in the groove 8 of the groove array 9.
The central reinforcement 1 is an elastomer, for example, a thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer (TPO), a thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE), a thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV), for example, one or a combination of a polyethylene elastomer, a polyolefin elastomer, a polypropylene elastomer, for example, a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), is used.
In other embodiments, central strength member 1 is a thermoplastic elastomer material with nested metallic or non-metallic elements inside, which can strengthen the cable without loss of measurement sensitivity. Thermoplastic elastomers such as thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer (TPO), thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU), or thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV), among others. The metal element may be, for example, a steel wire. The non-metallic elements may be Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP), such as glass fiber reinforced plastic rods, aramid fiber reinforced plastic rods, carbon fiber reinforced plastic rods, and the like.
The PI film is a film insulating material and is formed by polycondensation, casting and imidization of pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA) in a strong polar solvent. Yellow and transparent, and the relative density is 1.39-1.45. The polyimide film has excellent high and low temperature resistance, electric insulation, adhesion, radiation resistance and medium resistance, can be used for a long time in the temperature range of-269-280 ℃, and can reach the high temperature of 400 ℃ in a short time.
The first outer protective layer 4 can be made of thermoplastic elastic materials such as TPU, TPV, TPO, TPEE and the like, and the materials can be used as sound absorption materials, have better sound absorption effect and can improve the sensitivity of the optical cable to sound wave signal detection; meanwhile, the thermoplastic elastomer material can improve the flexibility and elasticity of the forming unit and ensure better oil resistance, water resistance, cold resistance and mildew resistance.
In other embodiments, such as for use in a more demanding environment, such as an oil well, fluoroplastic may be used for first outer jacket 4 to improve the temperature resistance of the cable.
The first outer protective layer 4 is provided with a reinforcing element 6, the reinforcing element 6 can be Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP), or can be a metal element, such as a phosphatized steel wire, a galvanized steel strand, or a copper-plated steel strand, and the like, and the bending resistance of the optical cable is further enhanced by the arrangement of the reinforcing element 6.
A tearing rope 5 is buried between the first outer protective layer 4 and the PI film, the tearing rope 5 is parallel to the axis of the optical cable, and at least one tearing rope 5 is arranged. In other embodiments there are at least two ripcords 5 and the at least two ripcords 5 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cable. The arrangement of the tearing rope facilitates the stripping of the optical cable, and the later maintenance and repair of the laid optical cable are facilitated.
The optical fiber unit 7 is a tightly-packed optical fiber, namely a tightly-sleeved optical fiber, and the outer diameter size is 0.6 mm-3.0 mm. In other embodiments, the optical fiber unit may also be a loose-tube optical fiber, the outer diameter of the optical fiber unit is 0.6 mm-3.0 mm, and the number of optical fiber cores in each loose-tube structure may not be less than 1 core. For example, in some embodiments, the optical fiber unit is a single-core optical fiber, the winding pitch is 0.1mm to 100mm, and the winding angle ranges from 10 ° < alpha < 90 °. For example, in some embodiments, the optical fiber unit is a multi-core optical fiber, the winding pitch is 15mm to 300mm, and the winding angle ranges from 10 DEG < alpha < 90 deg.
In the embodiment, the optical fiber unit adopts a single-mode optical fiber, has excellent bending resistance, is wound for 1 turn under the diameter of a mandrel with the diameter of 7.5mm, and has the macrobending loss of 1550nm which is less than or equal to 0.01dB; after cabling, stable optical fiber transmission performance is ensured, and 1550nm attenuation is not more than 1.0dB/km.
In the sensing optical cable of the embodiment, the optical fiber units in the cable are spirally wound and distributed, so that the stable transmission performance of the optical cable is ensured, the optical fiber length in the unit optical cable length is increased, the detectable range is further widened, and the detection sensitivity is improved; meanwhile, the central reinforcement is made of the sensitization material, so that the external transmission energy loss can be reduced, and the detection sensitivity of the sensing optical cable is improved. The outer sheath and the reinforcing element therein protect the optical cable, so that the overall strength and bending resistance of the sensing optical cable are enhanced. The PI film has the characteristics of excellent high and low temperature resistance, electric insulation, adhesion, radiation resistance, medium resistance and the like, and also plays a certain role in protecting the optical fiber unit.
In order to further enhance the sensitivity of the sensing cable, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, the continuous groove array 9 is spirally distributed on the surface of the central reinforcing member 1, the transverse cross-section of the groove 8 of the groove array 9 is arc-shaped or square, and the maximum depth H and the maximum width W of the groove should be no less than the diameter d of the optical fiber unit. Through setting up recess 8, pack optical fiber unit 7 in recess 8, compare in with the direct spiral winding of optical fiber unit on central reinforcement 1 surface, reduced the clearance between central reinforcement and the sheath, reduced the resistance of air to the sound wave in the clearance, improve the sensitivity of sound wave signal detection.
Generally, in order to ensure compact arrangement of the optical fiber units when accommodating a single optical fiber unit, the size range of the groove satisfies d ≦ H ≦ d + d 0 ，d≤W≤d+d 0 ；
When n (n is more than or equal to 2) optical fiber units are accommodated, the size range of the groove satisfies the following conditions:
wherein: d f Is the equivalent diameter of n optical fiber units; d 0 D is a free coefficient, i.e. the maximum vertical distance from the inner surface of the groove to the optical fiber unit after the groove is filled, and is more than or equal to 0 0 D is less than or equal to d, and d is the diameter of the optical fiber unit. Coefficient of freedom d 0 Is arranged such that the optical fiber unit 7 fills the groove 8 of the groove array 9 to satisfy the maximum sag of the optical fiber unit from the inner surface of the groove (including the side walls 14 of the groove and the bottom surface 15 of the groove, as shown in fig. 3) and the top surface 13 of the grooveThe straight distance is not more than the diameter of the optical fiber unit, the optical fiber unit is guaranteed to be compact in structure when being arranged, the gap in the groove is reduced, the resistance of air in the gap to sound waves is further reduced, and the sensitivity of sound wave signal detection is improved.
The central strength member 1 of this embodiment has a plurality of continuous groove arrays 9 distributed on its surface to accommodate a plurality of optical fiber units, and test signal channels are added to provide spare circuits when there is a fiber break in the optical fiber, as shown in fig. 2 and 4. Each groove array 9 comprises at least two grooves 8.
In some embodiments, n grooves 8 form a groove array 9, and the grooves 8 may be closely connected, or may have a first pitch d 1 ，0≤d1。
In some embodiments, the groove arrays 9 and 9 have the second pitch d2 therebetween, which can be adapted to the tight winding pitch of the optical fiber unit. In general, d1 is 0. Ltoreq. D2.
In order to further improve the sensitivity in this embodiment, in the above structure, when the grooves are filled with a plurality of optical fiber units, the size and the internal gap of the grooves are correspondingly increased, a polyester fiber composite tape with a single-sided composite polyester film may be filled along the surface of the grooves, the composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite tape is airtight, the non-composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite tape has a porous characteristic, the polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite tape is tightly attached to the internal surface of the grooves, and the non-composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite tape faces the optical fiber units. The polyester film surface is tightly attached to the inner surface of the groove, the non-composite polyester film surface has a porous characteristic and faces the optical fiber unit, so that the buffer effect can be achieved on one hand, the sound wave absorption effect can be improved by utilizing the porous characteristic of the surface of the composite polyester belt on the other hand, a sound-containing cavity is formed in the whole groove, and the detection sensitivity of the optical fiber is improved.
In this embodiment 1, a sensitivity-enhanced sensing optical cable is provided, in which optical fiber units in the optical cable are spirally wound and laid, so that the stable transmission performance of the optical cable is ensured, the optical fiber length in the unit optical cable length is increased, the detectable range is further widened, and the detection sensitivity is improved; meanwhile, the central reinforcement is made of a sensitization material, so that the external transmission energy loss can be reduced, and the detection sensitivity of the sensing optical cable is improved; furthermore, in the embodiment 1, a continuous groove array is distributed on the surface of the central reinforcing member to accommodate a plurality of optical fiber units, and a test signal channel is added to prevent a spare circuit from being provided when the optical fiber is broken; compared with the mode that the optical fiber unit is directly and spirally wound on the surface of the central reinforcing part, the optical fiber unit is filled in the groove, so that the gap between the central reinforcing part and the protective layer is reduced, the resistance of air in the gap to sound waves is reduced, and the sensitivity of sound wave signal detection is improved.
In the sensing optical cable in the embodiment, the optical fiber units are continuously spirally wound around the central reinforcing part at equal intervals, the uniform winding mode can realize full-distributed signal acquisition along the sensing optical cable, and no sensing blind area exists. In other embodiments, the optical fiber units in the sensing optical cable can be continuously and spirally wound around the central reinforcing member in a locally dense winding manner, so that high-sensitivity small-size sensing units can be obtained, and a high-sensitivity sensing unit array can be obtained. In other embodiments, the sensing cable may comprise a plurality of repeating segments of equal length in which the winding pitch of the optical fiber units is arranged in a varying manner. For example, the optical fiber sensing cable can be randomly distributed, the arithmetic progression or the geometric progression, the embodiment can enable the sensitivity of the optical fiber sensing cable to present strong and weak combined distribution, can adapt to the strong and weak variation of detected signals (such as sound waves and vibration signals) in a detection area, enables weaker signals to be received by the optical fiber sensing cable with a high sensitivity section, enables stronger signals to be received by the optical fiber sensing cable with a low sensitivity section, keeps the spatial resolution capability of the optical fiber sensing cable, enables the optical fiber sensing cable to be laid in a long distance, and reduces the application length of the optical fiber and saves the cost compared with the design of the optical fiber sensing cable with a full-section densely wound optical fiber winding.
In other embodiments, the optical fiber unit is in the form of a flat ribbon, and the maximum depth H and the maximum width W of the groove are not less than the thickness and the width of the flat ribbon optical fiber unit, respectively. The number of the bare fibers in the optical fiber unit is at least one, and the bare fibers are distributed continuously in the length direction of the optical fiber unit at uniform intervals in the flat ribbon shape of the optical fiber unit. In some embodiments, the bare fibers are in a continuous sinusoidal distribution within the flat ribbon of the fiber unit. When the optical fiber unit is in a flat ribbon shape, the diameter of the optical fiber unit is equivalent to the diameter of the circumscribed circle thereof. The flat ribbon-shaped structure in the embodiment can be better attached to the surface of the central reinforcing element, the gap is reduced, the sensitivity of a detection signal is improved, meanwhile, the bare fibers are continuously distributed in the resin in a sine mode, the length of the optical fibers in the unit optical cable length is further improved, the detectable range is further widened, and the detection sensitivity is improved.
Example 2
The difference between example 2 and example 1 is the overall structural design of the cable, in particular the design of the strength members and the protective layer.
As shown in fig. 5, the optical fiber cable comprises a central reinforcing member 1, an optical fiber unit layer 2, a first wrapping tape 3, a first outer protective layer 4, an outer armor layer 10, a second wrapping tape 11 and a second outer protective layer 12 from inside to outside in sequence. The optical fiber unit layer 2 adopts 9 optical fiber units 7 to be continuously and spirally densely wound along the central reinforcing member 1. As shown in fig. 5, 3 continuous groove arrays 9 are spirally distributed on the surface of the central reinforcing member 1 in the longitudinal direction, each groove array 9 has 3 grooves 8, and the optical fiber units 7 are filled in the grooves 8 of the groove arrays 9.
The central reinforcement 1 is an elastomer, for example, a thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer (TPO), a thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE), a thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV), for example, one or a combination of a polyethylene elastomer, a polyolefin elastomer, a polypropylene elastomer, for example, a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), is used. In other embodiments, the central stiffener 1 is a thermoplastic elastomer with nested metallic or non-metallic elements inside. Thermoplastic elastomers such as thermoplastic polyolefin elastomer (TPO), thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU), or thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV), among others. The metal element may be, for example, a steel wire. The non-metallic elements may be Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP), such as glass fiber reinforced plastic rods, aramid fiber reinforced plastic rods, carbon fiber reinforced plastic rods, and the like.
The first outer protective layer 4 and the second outer protective layer 12 can be made of thermoplastic elastic materials, such as TPU, TPV, TPO, TPEE and the like, and the materials can be used as sound absorption materials, have a good sound absorption effect and can improve the sensitivity of the optical cable to sound wave signal detection; meanwhile, the thermoplastic elastomer material can improve the flexibility and elasticity of the forming unit and ensure better oil resistance, water resistance, cold resistance and mildew resistance. In other embodiments, such as for use in a more demanding environment, such as an oil well, fluoroplastic may be used for the first outer jacket 4 or the second outer jacket 12 to improve the temperature resistance of the cable.
An outer armor layer 10 is arranged outside the first outer protective layer 4. The outer armor layer 10 may be steel wire or Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP), such as a fiberglass reinforced plastic rod, an aramid fiber reinforced plastic rod, a carbon fiber reinforced plastic rod, or the like. The double-layer armor layer increases the tensile and lateral pressure resistance of the sensing optical cable, so that the sensing optical cable is more suitable for being buried and laid.
First 3 and second around band 11 can be polyimide film (PI membrane), non-woven fabrics, water blocking cloth, polyester area (wheat draw area), polypropylene around band, non-woven fabrics around band, polyvinyl chloride around band, polytetrafluoroethylene area (PTFE), glass fiber cloth, mica tape and so on. First around band 3 and second around band 11 play buffering and liner effect, first can also protect inside optic fibre unit layer 2 around band 3, simultaneously according to the selection of different materials, play different effects such as waterproof, thermal-insulated, anticorrosive or anti-aging respectively.
The rest is described in embodiment 1, and the description is not repeated here.
In this embodiment, an anti-lateral-pressure multi-core sensing optical cable includes central reinforcement 1, optical fiber unit layer 2, first around band 3, first outer jacket 4, outer armor 10, second around band 11, the structural design of second outer jacket 12 from inside to outside in proper order, has set up outer armor, two-layer inside and outside around band, two-layer inside and outside outer jacket, has further strengthened the holistic intensity of sensing optical cable to and the resistant bending property, anti-lateral-pressure performance, the tensile strength of sensing optical cable have been strengthened.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the present application has been presented to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present application, and the above description of the embodiments is only provided to help understand the method and the core concept of the present application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
Claims (8)
1. An enhanced sensitivity sensing optical cable, comprising a central strength member and a fiber unit layer outside the central strength member, wherein the central strength member is an elastomer or a thermoplastic elastomer material in which metal or nonmetal elements are nested, and the fiber unit layer comprises fiber units spirally wound around the central strength member;
the surface of the central reinforcing member is spirally distributed with a continuous groove array along the length direction, the optical fiber units are filled in the grooves of the groove array, the maximum depth and the maximum width of the grooves are not less than the diameter of the optical fiber units, and when a single optical fiber unit is accommodated, the size range of the maximum depth H and the maximum width W of the grooves is satisfied: d is not less than H and not more than d + d 0 ，d≤W≤d+d 0 Wherein d is the fiber unit diameter; when n optical fiber units are accommodated, the size range of the groove satisfies the following conditions: d f <H≤d f +d 0 Wherein: n is not less than 2,d f Is the equivalent diameter of n optical fiber units; d 0 D is a free coefficient, i.e. the maximum vertical distance of the optical fiber unit from the inner surface of the groove after the groove is filled, 0 ≦ d 0 ≤d；
The polyester fiber composite belt with the single-sided composite polyester film is filled along the inner surface of the groove, the composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt is airtight, the non-composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt has a porous characteristic, the polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt is tightly attached to the inner surface of the groove, and the non-composite polyester film surface of the polyester fiber composite belt faces the optical fiber unit.
2. An enhanced sensitivity sensing optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the transverse cross-section of said groove is arc-shaped and square-shaped.
3. An enhanced sensitivity sensing optical cable according to claim 1, wherein said sensing optical cable comprises a plurality of repeating segments of equal length, the winding pitch of the optical fiber units in said repeating segments being arranged variably.
4. An enhanced sensitivity sensing cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein there are more than two of said groove arrays, and the grooves of said groove arrays have a first pitch d between them 1 (ii) a A second spacing d2 is formed between the groove arrays, and d1 is more than or equal to 0 and less than d2.
5. An enhanced sensitivity sensing cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein said optical fiber unit is in the form of a flat ribbon.
6. An enhanced sensitivity sensing optical cable according to claim 5, wherein the number of the bare fibers in the optical fiber unit is at least one, and the bare fibers are uniformly spaced and axially continuously distributed in the flat ribbon of the optical fiber unit, or the bare fibers are continuously sinusoidally distributed in the flat ribbon of the optical fiber unit.
7. The sensing cable of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the optical fiber unit layer is further covered with a first wrapping tape and a first outer sheath from inside to outside, and the first outer sheath is provided with a reinforcing element, wherein the reinforcing element is a metal element or Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP).
8. The sensing cable with enhanced sensitivity according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the optical fiber unit layer is further covered with a first wrapping tape, a first outer sheath, an outer armor layer, a second wrapping tape, and a second outer sheath from inside to outside.
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| CN116661079A (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-08-29 | 江苏中天科技股份有限公司 | Sensing optical cable |
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| CN115711634B (en) | 2023-09-19 |
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