CN115353449B - 二价钐单电子还原试剂、制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
二价钐单电子还原试剂、制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115353449B CN115353449B CN202210970101.6A CN202210970101A CN115353449B CN 115353449 B CN115353449 B CN 115353449B CN 202210970101 A CN202210970101 A CN 202210970101A CN 115353449 B CN115353449 B CN 115353449B
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- samarium
- carboxylic acid
- bivalent
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- tetrahydrofuran
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- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- -1 allyl samarium bromide Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- IYYIVELXUANFED-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromo(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Br IYYIVELXUANFED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000000180 1,2-diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- BHELZAPQIKSEDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC=C BHELZAPQIKSEDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical class [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JIMXXGFJRDUSRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adamantane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC2CC1(C(=O)O)C3 JIMXXGFJRDUSRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006578 reductive coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000746 allylic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- ICKYUJFKBKOPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-K samarium(3+);tribromide Chemical compound Br[Sm](Br)Br ICKYUJFKBKOPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 235000013570 smoothie Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- IVDFJHOHABJVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pinacol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(C)(C)O IVDFJHOHABJVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 7
- RIFKADJTWUGDOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclohexylethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1CCCCC1 RIFKADJTWUGDOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NVGONKHUJZLNDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dicyclohexylbutane-2,3-diol Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C(C)(O)C(O)(C)C1CCCCC1 NVGONKHUJZLNDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- LNETULKMXZVUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 LNETULKMXZVUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001559 benzoic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- FXHGMKSSBGDXIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanal Chemical compound CCCCCCC=O FXHGMKSSBGDXIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005209 naphthoic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 2
- QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1.O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1 QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPSMUSHZUADWJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)cyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound C1CCCCC1(O)C1(O)CCCCC1 WPSMUSHZUADWJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- URPRLFISKOCZHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-diphenylbutane-2,3-diol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(O)C(O)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 URPRLFISKOCZHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010485 C−C bond formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N R-2-phenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFXNQVKIENOWIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [I].C1CCOC1 Chemical compound [I].C1CCOC1 ZFXNQVKIENOWIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003934 aromatic aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- IPWKHHSGDUIRAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(pinacolato)diboron Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)OB1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1 IPWKHHSGDUIRAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005271 boronizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006795 borylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VBXDEEVJTYBRJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboronic acid Chemical compound OBOBO VBXDEEVJTYBRJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- IHPDTPWNFBQHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrobenzoin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IHPDTPWNFBQHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229960002510 mandelic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002523 mercuric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg]Cl LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- YWWARDMVSMPOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-M oxolane;tetrabutylazanium;fluoride Chemical compound [F-].C1CCOC1.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC YWWARDMVSMPOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FXLOVSHXALFLKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-tolualdehyde Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 FXLOVSHXALFLKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003424 phenylacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003279 phenylacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006046 pinacol coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UAWABSHMGXMCRK-UHFFFAOYSA-L samarium(ii) iodide Chemical compound I[Sm]I UAWABSHMGXMCRK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XKZGHFFSJSBUFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane-7,8-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCC XKZGHFFSJSBUFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/41—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids
- C07C51/412—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids by conversion of the acids, their salts, esters or anhydrides with the same carboxylic acid part
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/04—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing carboxylic acids or their salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/36—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring increasing the number of carbon atoms by reactions with formation of hydroxy groups, which may occur via intermediates being derivatives of hydroxy, e.g. O-metal
- C07C29/38—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring increasing the number of carbon atoms by reactions with formation of hydroxy groups, which may occur via intermediates being derivatives of hydroxy, e.g. O-metal by reaction with aldehydes or ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/40—Substitution reactions at carbon centres, e.g. C-C or C-X, i.e. carbon-hetero atom, cross-coupling, C-H activation or ring-opening reactions
- B01J2231/42—Catalytic cross-coupling, i.e. connection of previously not connected C-atoms or C- and X-atoms without rearrangement
- B01J2231/4205—C-C cross-coupling, e.g. metal catalyzed or Friedel-Crafts type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2603/00—Systems containing at least three condensed rings
- C07C2603/56—Ring systems containing bridged rings
- C07C2603/58—Ring systems containing bridged rings containing three rings
- C07C2603/70—Ring systems containing bridged rings containing three rings containing only six-membered rings
- C07C2603/74—Adamantanes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种二价钐单电子还原试剂、制备方法及其应用,二价钐单电子还原试剂,结构式为RCOOSmBr;二价钐单电子还原试剂的制备方法是,将等当量的羧酸搅拌下加入到等当量的烯丙基溴化钐溶液,室温反应一定时间即可获得;所制备的二价钐单电子还原试剂能作为还原剂或者还原偶联试剂可应用到于醛、酮的还原偶联反应制备邻二醇的合成反应中。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及二价钐单电子还原试剂及其制备和应用。
背景技术
邻二醇类化合物,尤其是脂肪族邻二醇在医药、农药及有机合成中有重要用途,例如,邻二醇和二氧化碳反应合成的环状碳酸酯,具有高沸点、低蒸汽压、低毒的特点,在洗涤剂、锂电池电解液等多个领域得到广泛使用。2,3-二甲基-2,3-丁二醇衍生而得的联硼酸频那醇酯B2(Pin)2是常用的硼化试剂,广泛用于形成有机硼中间体在各种C-C键形成反应构建各种药物分子的骨架中发挥着重要作用(Matos,K.;Burkhardt,E.Borylation reactionwith bis(pinacolato)diboron.Speciality Chemicals Magazine.2005,25(25)40,42,44)。
以芳香族醛(酮)为原料,通过还原偶联反应合成邻二醇的方法有诸多报道,然而这些方法很多情况下不适合脂肪族醛和酮用于高效制备脂肪族的邻二醇化合物,主要是由于脂肪族醛酮的还原电位比常见的还原剂低,因而更难以被还原。目前报道的脂肪族邻二醇化合物的制备方法存在条件较为苛刻、环境不友好以及产率不理想等问题。例如,2,3-二甲基-2,3-丁二醇工业上采用由丙酮在工业苯中,氯化汞存在下加热回流发生还原偶联反应而得,苯和汞及其盐的毒性,对环境会造成较大危害。有必要发展更加绿色的脂肪族邻二醇化合物的合成方法。
二碘化钐(SmI2)可以高效促进醛和酮发生还原偶联反应,用于各种1,2-二醇的制备。然而,SmI2促进的反应常需当量甚至大过量使用。此外,1当量金属钐(Sm)在制备1当量SmI2的过程中,有2当量电子用于还原含碘试剂以转变为SmI2,Sm金属的电子未能充分被底物分子利用,不具有电子经济性。SmI2的摩尔质量较大(404g/mol),同时在有机溶剂中仅有中等溶解度(最常用溶剂是THF,浓度达0.1M),导致SmI2促进的反应在按比例放大制备目标化合物时,金属钐、碘或碘化物以及溶剂的用量都较大,相应地会产生大量废弃物,从而带来经济和环境方面的问题。
从电子经济性和资源可持续发展等因素考虑,开发SmI2催化的还原偶联反应实现目标分子的合成无疑是更理想的发展方向。目前,相关研究取得了可喜的起步。例如,Endo课题组报道了金属Mg为还原剂和3当量三甲基氯硅烷存在下,SmI2催化的醛酮的Pinacol偶联反应制备1,2-二醇(Nomura R,Matsuno T,Endo T.J.Am.Chem.Soc.1996,118,11666);同样在SmI2催化和3当量三甲基氯硅烷存在下,Greeves课题组采用加入Me2SiCl2和tetraglyme分别为添加物和配体,实现了高非对映选择性地制备1,2-二醇(Aspinall,H.C.;Greeves,N.;Valla,C.Org.Lett.2005,7,1919)。值得指出的是,上述报道都使用了16当量的金属镁以保证反应效率,主要是二价钐物种在反应体系中再生相对困难。过量还原剂和添加剂的使用不仅造成了资源浪费,还增加了后处理分离提纯的困难,限制了其放大合成。
因此,开发性能优良、可控、易循环再生的新型Sm(II)试剂,利用催化策略实现Sm(II)试剂高效催化还原偶联反应在有机合成中的应用,具有良好的社会和经济效益。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术存在的问题,本发明提供了一种二价钐单电子还原试剂、制备方法及其应用,制备的新型Sm(II)试剂性能优良、可在金属镁作为终端电子给体时高效催化醛(酮)的还原偶联反应,用于邻二醇化合物的合成,具有节约稀土资源并符合环境友好和资源可持续发展趋势的特点。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案是一种结构式为RCOOSmBr,通过羧酸RCOOH与烯丙基溴化钐在四氢呋喃溶剂中反应制得。
于本发明一实施例中,羧酸根来自于通式R为CnH2n+1的直链或支链烷基羧酸,或通式R为CnH2n的环烷基或含“C=C”不饱和基团的链状羧酸,或苯乙酸、萘乙酸及其芳环上有卤素、羟基、氨基、烷氧基、三氟甲基、烷基取代的苯乙酸、萘乙酸,或为苯甲酸和萘甲酸以及单取代和多取代的苯甲酸和萘甲酸,或来自天然存在的含羟基、氨基基团的羧酸。
二价钐单电子还原试剂,结构简式为RCOOSmBr,其中,羧酸根来自于R的通式为CnH2n+1的直链或支链烷基羧酸,或R通式为CnH2n的环烷基或含“C=C”不饱和基团的链状羧酸,或苯乙酸、萘乙酸及其芳环上有卤素、羟基、氨基、烷氧基、三氟甲基、烷基等取代的苯乙酸、萘乙酸,或为苯甲酸和萘甲酸以及单取代和多取代的苯甲酸和萘甲酸,或相应的羧酸根来自天然存在的含羟基、氨基等基团的羧酸。其中,n为整数。
于本发明一实施例中,通过羧酸RCOOH与烯丙基溴化钐在四氢呋喃溶剂中反应制得。
于本发明一实施例中,天然存在的含羟基、氨基基团的羧酸包括乳酸、扁桃酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、氨基酸中任一种或两种及以上的混合物。
二价钐单电子还原试剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将等当量的羧酸搅拌下加入到等当量的烯丙基溴化钐溶液,室温反应一定时间。
于本发明一实施例中,手套箱中,称取金属钐粉,干燥四氢呋喃,烯丙基溴,室温搅拌,得深紫色烯丙基溴化钐溶液;向该溶液中滴加羧酸或羧酸溶于四氢呋喃中的溶液;室温继续搅拌5~30分钟,得到深蓝色RCOOSmBr悬浮液。
于本发明一实施例中,滴加的羧酸溶于四氢呋喃中的溶液,羧酸的用量为金属钐摩尔量的0.7~0.95倍。
于本发明一实施例中,金属钐的用量为醛或酮摩尔用量的10~20%。
于本发明一实施例中,反应时间为5-30分钟。
二价钐单电子还原试剂作为还原剂或者还原偶联试剂的应用。
于本发明一实施例中,二价钐单电子还原试剂在从醛(酮)还原偶联制备1,2-二醇的合成反应中的应用。
于本发明一实施例中,用于合成1,2-二醇,具体方法是,向RCOOSmBr悬浮液中加入醛或酮,三甲基溴硅烷,金属镁;室温搅拌2~10小时,反应结束,向反应混合物中加入四丁基氟化铵的四氢呋喃溶液,室温搅拌一定时间后,加入饱和氯化铵,随后用乙醚萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压除去溶剂,提纯后得到1,2-二醇。
本技术方案具有以下有益效果:
本发明提供的二价钐还原偶联试剂,将有机酸根结合到其结构中,不仅溶解度可以得到一定改善,其再生也变得容易。该类试剂能够在价廉易得的金属镁存在下,温和、高效地催化邻二醇化合物的制备,且可达到较高产率,具有积极的应用价值。本发明的制备方法条件易控,工艺简单,能充分利用较少量的催化剂完成合成反应,避免了稀土资源的浪费,降低了有机合成的成本。
附图说明
图1是本发明一实施例中CH3COOSmBr的紫外-可见吸收波谱图。
图2是本发明一实施例中CH3COOSmBr催化环己基甲基酮反应所得的2,3-双环己基丁烷-2,3-二醇的1H-NMR。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
实施例1
手套箱中,称取金属钐粉0.165mmol(0.025g),干燥四氢呋喃3mL,烯丙基溴0.15mmol(13μL),室温搅拌1小时,得深紫红烯丙基溴化钐溶液(经碘-四氢呋喃溶液滴定测得烯丙基溴化钐的生成量为0.12mmol)。向该溶液中滴加冰乙酸溶于四氢呋喃中的溶液(1mmol/mL,量取0.12mL,用量0.12mmol)。室温继续搅拌5分钟,得到深蓝色含CH3COOSmBr二价钐催化剂的悬浮液,其饱和溶液在可见光区416、543和602nm附近显示二价钐的特征吸收。向其中加入丙酮1.0mmol(0.058克),三甲基溴硅烷1.0mmol(132μL),金属镁1.0mmol(0.024g)。室温反应8小时后将反应液取出通大气,继续搅拌至黄色。加入四丁基氟化铵的四氢呋喃溶液(1mmol/mL)1mL,室温搅拌1小时后,向反应混合液中加入饱和氯化铵3mL,随后用乙醚萃取(15mL×3),有机层合并,用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压除去溶剂,得到粘稠液体。柱层析纯化得到2,3-二甲基-2,3-丁二醇0.0468克,产率78%,纯度98.5%。
实施例2
CH3COOSmBr二价钐催化剂的悬浮液制备同实施例1。氮气保护下,向其中加入环己酮1.0mmol(0.098克),三甲基溴硅烷1.0mmol(132μL),金属镁1.0mmol(0.024g)。室温搅拌4小时。后处理同实施例1,但无需过柱纯化,减压除去溶剂后得到白色结晶,经石油醚洗涤得到1,1′-双环己烷-1,1′-二醇0.088克,产率88%,纯度98.3%。
实施例3
CH3COOSmBr二价钐催化剂的悬浮液制备同实施例1。氮气保护下,向其中加入正庚醛1.0mmol(0.114克),三甲基溴硅烷1.0mmol(132μL),金属镁1.0mmol(0.024g)。室温搅拌6小时。后处理同实施例2。得到十四烷-7,8-二醇0.1克,产率86%,d.r.=3:1,纯度97.7%。
实施例4
CH3COOSmBr二价钐催化剂的悬浮液制备同实施例1。氮气保护下,向其中加入环己基甲基酮1.0mmol(0.126g),三甲基溴硅烷1.0mmol(132μL),金属镁1.0mmol(0.024g)。室温搅拌4.5小时。后处理同实施例1。得到2,3-双环己基丁烷-2,3-二醇0.1克,产率78%,d.r.=3.8:1,纯度99.5%。
实施例5
烯丙基溴化钐的悬浮液制备同实施例1。氮气保护下,向其中加入月桂酸(0.12mmol)。室温继续搅拌15分钟,得到深蓝色含CH3(CH2)10COOSmBr二价钐催化剂的悬浮液。向其中加入环己基甲基酮1.0mmol(0.126g),三甲基溴硅烷1.0mmol(132μL),金属镁1.0mmol(0.024g)。室温搅拌5.0小时。后处理同实施例1。得到2,3-双环己基丁烷-2,3-二醇0.11克,产率86%,d.r.=4.2:1,纯度97.4%。
实施例6
烯丙基溴化钐的悬浮液制备同实施例1。氮气保护下,向其中加入叔戊酸(0.12mmol)。室温继续搅拌10分钟,得到深蓝色含(CH3)3CCOOSmBr二价钐催化剂的悬浮液。向其中加入环己基甲基酮1.0mmol(0.126g),三甲基溴硅烷1.0mmol(132μL),金属镁1.0mmol(0.024g)。室温搅拌6.0小时。后处理同实施例1。得到2,3-双环己基丁烷-2,3-二醇0.108克,产率84%,d.r.=5.1:1,纯度97.6%。
实施例7
烯丙基溴化钐的悬浮液制备同实施例1。氮气保护下,向其中加入金刚烷甲酸溶于四氢呋喃中的溶液(1mmol/mL,量取0.12mL,用量0.12mmol)。室温继续搅拌10分钟,得到深蓝色含RCOOSmBr(R=1-金刚烷基)二价钐催化剂的悬浮液。向其中加入环己基甲基酮1.0mmol,三甲基溴硅烷1.0mmol(132μL),金属镁1.0mmol(0.024g)。室温搅拌6.0小时。后处理同实施例1。得到2,3-双环己基丁烷-2,3-二醇0.105克,产率82%,d.r.=7.6:1,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ1.96–1.89(m,3H),1.79-1.63(m,9H),1.27–1.18(m,6H),1.14(s,6H)[1.13为其含量较低的异构体甲基出峰],1.12–1.03(m,4H),纯度98.9%。
实施例8
烯丙基溴化钐的悬浮液制备同实施例1。氮气保护下,向其中滴加苯甲酸溶于四氢呋喃中的溶液(1mmol/mL,量取0.12mL,用量0.12mmol)。室温继续搅拌2分钟,得到蓝灰色含PhCOOSmBr二价钐催化剂的悬浮液。向其中加入环己基甲基酮1.0mmol,三甲基溴硅烷1.0mmol(132μL),金属镁1.0mmol(0.024g)。室温搅拌7.0小时。后处理同实施例1。得到2,3-双环己基丁烷-2,3-二醇0.091克,产率71%,d.r.=4.2:1,纯度97.1%。
实施例9
CH3COOSmBr二价钐催化剂的悬浮液制备同实施例1。氮气保护下,向其中加入对甲基苯甲醛1.0mmol(0.106克),三甲基溴硅烷1.0mmol(132μL),金属镁1.0mmol(0.024g)。室温搅拌2小时。后处理同实施例1。得到1,2-二苯基乙烷-1,2-二醇0.087克,产率81%,d.r.=2:1,纯度99.7%。
实施例10
CH3COOSmBr二价钐催化剂的悬浮液制备同实施例1。氮气保护下,向其中加入苯乙酮1.0mmol(0.12克),三甲基溴硅烷1.0mmol(132μL),金属镁1.0mmol(0.024g)。室温搅拌4小时。粗产品用乙醇重结晶,得2,3-二苯基丁烷-2,3-二醇0.106克,产率87%,d.r.=2.6:1,纯度98.2%。
实施例11
手套箱中,称取金属钐粉3.1mmol(0.47g),干燥四氢呋喃60mL,烯丙基溴3mmol(260μL),室温搅拌1小时,得深紫红烯丙基溴化钐溶液。向该溶液中滴加冰乙酸溶于四氢呋喃中的溶液(1mmol/mL,量取2.4mL,用量2.4mmol)。室温继续搅拌10分钟,得到深蓝色含CH3COOSmBr二价钐催化剂的悬浮液。向其中加入丙酮20.0mmol(1.16g),三甲基溴硅烷20.0mmol(2.8mL),金属镁20.0mmol(0.48g)。室温反应9小时后将反应液取出手套箱,在空气氛中搅拌至黄色。向反应混合液中加入四丁基氟化铵-四氢呋喃溶液(1mmol/mL)20mL,随后用乙醚萃取(60mL×3),有机层合并,用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压除去溶剂,得到白色结晶,石油醚洗涤,得2,3-二甲基-2,3-丁二醇1.01克,产率84%,纯度98.1.0%。
本实施例通过一定程度的放大实验,将扩大到克级以上邻二醇的制备,可以看出在该反应条件下,反应体系仍能够实现预期目标,在简单易控的反应工艺下获得较高的产率和纯度,为该合成方法在精细化工的生产应用方面提供了有效的实践验证。
上述具体实施例只是用来解释说明本发明,而非是对本发明进行限制,在本发明构思和权利要求保护范围内对本发明做出的任何不付出创造性劳动的改变和替换,皆落入本发明专利的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种二价钐单电子还原试剂在从醛或酮还原偶联制备1,2-二醇的合成反应中的应用,其特征在于,具体方法是,向含催化量RCOOSmBr的四氢呋喃悬浮液中依次加入醛或酮、三甲基溴硅烷和金属镁,室温搅拌4~24小时,反应结束,向反应混合物中加入四丁基氟化铵的四氢呋喃溶液,室温搅拌一定时间后,加入饱和氯化铵,随后用乙醚萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压除去溶剂,提纯后得到1,2-二醇;二价钐单电子还原试剂的结构式为RCOOSmBr,通过羧酸RCOOH与烯丙基溴化钐在四氢呋喃溶剂中反应制得;其中,R为CnH2n+1的直链或支链烷基,或羧酸为金刚烷甲酸、苯甲酸;二价钐单电子还原试剂的制备方法包括如下步骤:将等当量的羧酸搅拌下加入到等当量的烯丙基溴化钐溶液,室温反应一定时间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,手套箱中,称取金属钐粉,干燥四氢呋喃,烯丙基溴,室温搅拌,得深紫色烯丙基溴化钐溶液;向该溶液中滴加羧酸或羧酸溶于四氢呋喃中的溶液;室温继续搅拌,得到深蓝色RCOOSmBr悬浮液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,滴加的羧酸溶于四氢呋喃中的溶液,羧酸的用量为金属钐摩尔量的0.7~0.95倍。
4.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,金属钐的用量为醛或酮摩尔用量的10~20%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,烯丙基溴化钐与羧酸的反应时间为5~30分钟。
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