CN114789672B - Self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control function, vehicle and method - Google Patents
Self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control function, vehicle and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114789672B CN114789672B CN202210372878.2A CN202210372878A CN114789672B CN 114789672 B CN114789672 B CN 114789672B CN 202210372878 A CN202210372878 A CN 202210372878A CN 114789672 B CN114789672 B CN 114789672B
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
- H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
- B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control, a vehicle and a method, wherein the device consists of a vehicle end locking mechanism, a battery end locking mechanism, a locking judging mechanism and a locking force mechanism, the vehicle end locking mechanism is used for fixing a battery pack with a lock catch of the whole vehicle and comprises a mounting panel, a cantilever clamping hook and a damping module which are rotatably connected with the mounting panel, and a spring can be compressed when the cantilever clamping hook rotates, the battery end locking mechanism is fixed at the end of the battery pack and matched with a lock hook mechanism module, the locking judging mechanism comprises a locking probe and an unlocking probe, the locking force mechanism comprises a connecting rod, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected with a transmission rod, the transmission rod is connected with the cantilever clamping hook, and the cantilever clamping hook can be matched with the lock latch to form the self-locking mechanism, so that the vehicle end locking mechanism is fixedly connected with the battery end locking mechanism. After the gravity of the battery pack is counteracted, the quick power change process can be realized without external tools or force; the locking process has no auxiliary tool and has a self-locking function, namely, the lock is an instant lock.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to a self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control, a vehicle and a method.
Background
The new energy automobile has the advantage of green environmental protection, but the continuation of journey is the most important problem of limiting new energy automobile development all the time. At present, the charging of the power battery of the electric automobile is difficult to be completed in a short time, so that the main scheme for ensuring that the new energy automobile can supplement electric energy in a short time is 'power conversion'. The power battery to be charged in advance is replaced by the power battery which needs to be supplemented with electric energy on the new energy automobile, so that the purpose of quickly supplementing the electric energy is achieved.
The existing electric automobile power exchange mechanisms all need to rely on dedicated power exchange equipment of a power exchange station, namely the power exchange equipment of the power exchange station is bound with a power exchange structure, so that the universality of a power exchange platform is reduced, and the power waste of the power exchange station is caused; at present, battery pack power conversion is mainly divided into modes such as side power conversion and bottom power conversion, a power conversion mechanism is divided into a semi-fixed bolt fastening mode, a ratchet fastening mode, an unlocking connecting rod sliding block mode and other modes, the mechanical life of clamping is longer, but the mechanism is complex, and the locking reliability is poor.
The prior art discloses a battery quick-change device, which comprises a connecting rod and at least one lock body device, wherein the lock body device comprises a cross beam, a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, a first claw, a second claw and an inverted U-shaped frame, one end of the cross beam is fixedly connected with the first fixing plate, and the other end of the cross beam is fixedly connected with the second fixing plate; the lock body device is fixedly connected with the vehicle body frame through a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate, and the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw are used for fixing the battery pack frame; the connecting rod is fixedly connected with one end of the support arm of the inverted U-shaped frame, which is far away from the inverted U-shaped frame, and the connecting rod is used for driving the inverted U-shaped frame to move up and down; the electric automobile and the quick-change method adopt the interaction between the lock body device and the connecting rod to realize locking. However, the device is unlocked by a physical ejection mode, quick power change cannot be performed without external tools or force, and self-locking cannot be performed without auxiliary tools.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control, a vehicle and a method, which are used for solving the problem that self-locking cannot be performed under the condition that no external tool or power can be quickly changed and no auxiliary tool is available. After the gravity of the battery pack is counteracted, the quick power change process can be realized without external tools or force; the locking process has no auxiliary tool, is directly installed and has a self-locking function, namely, the lock is installed; unlocking can be performed by adopting an electric control system unlocking mode or an air pressure/oil pressure system or a physical ejection unlocking mode.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
A self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control comprises a vehicle end locking mechanism 1, a battery end locking mechanism 2, a locking judging mechanism 3 and a locking force mechanism 4;
The vehicle end locking mechanism 1 is fixed at the vehicle end and is used for locking and fixing the battery pack and the whole vehicle, and the vehicle end locking mechanism 1 comprises a mounting panel 11, a cantilever clamping hook 12 rotationally connected with the mounting panel 11 through a fixed bearing 13, and a damping module 14 and a spring 15 which are mounted on the mounting panel 11; the cantilever clamping hook 12 can compress the spring 15 when rotating;
The battery end locking mechanism 2 is fixed at the end of the battery pack and is matched with the lock hook mechanism module, and the battery end locking mechanism 2 consists of a lock plunger base 21, a lock plunger 22 positioned below the damping module 14 and a limit damping block 23; the lock bolt 22 is respectively in clearance fit with the lock bolt base 21 and the limit damping block 23, and the lock bolt 22 can freely move in the lock bolt base 21;
The locking judging mechanism 3 comprises a locking probe 31 and an unlocking probe 32, and is used for confirming and judging whether the locking process and the unlocking process have faults and locking states;
The locking force mechanism 4 comprises a connecting rod 41, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected with a transmission rod 42, and the transmission rod 42 is connected with the cantilever clamping hook 12;
the cantilever clamping hook 12 can be matched with the lock plunger 22 to form a self-locking mechanism, so that the vehicle end locking mechanism 1 and the battery end locking mechanism 2 are connected and fastened.
Further, the mounting panel 11 is provided with a locking groove structure 111, a limit introducing structure 112 and a spring mounting groove structure 113, and the damping module 14 is arranged in the locking groove structure 111.
Further, the cantilever hook 12 is composed of a hook structure 121, a locking force mechanism connecting structure 122 and a cantilever structure 123, wherein the front end of the cantilever structure 123 is connected with the hook structure 121, and the rear end of the cantilever structure 123 is linked with the link transmission rod 42 through the locking force mechanism connecting structure 122.
Further, the hook structure 121 is a C-shaped structure, the top of which is rotatably connected to the mounting panel 11 through the fixed bearing 13, and the bottom of which is disposed between the locking groove structure 111 and the limit introduction structure 112.
Further, the lock plunger base 21 includes a slide boss structure 211 cooperating with the limit damper block 23, and the lock plunger 22 is composed of a lock plunger boss structure 221 and a lock plunger slide groove structure 222 integrally formed therewith.
Further, the lock plunger boss structure 221 is provided with an arc surface 2211 and an inclined surface 2212, the arc surface 2211 can be in contact with the arc surface of the hook structure 121, and the inclined surface of the hook structure 121 is in contact with and supports the inclined surface 2212 of the lock plunger 22, so as to form a self-locking mechanism.
A self-locking battery quick-change method with vehicle end control comprises the following steps:
A. when the battery pack needs to be replaced, the tray or the lifting type movable support, the trolley and the movable trolley/box are lifted and counteract the gravity of the battery pack;
B. the vehicle end controls the connection of the unlocking battery pack and the whole vehicle, the battery pack starts a self-checking mode before unlocking, whether the current battery state accords with the unlocking condition is judged, the self-checking time is in the millisecond level, and the quick-change time is not influenced;
C. The controller of the vehicle end control locking mechanism 1 executes the action of changing the electrolytic lock to realize the separation of the battery pack and the whole vehicle;
D. After the battery pack is separated from the whole vehicle, the battery pack to be replaced is supported and installed at the battery pack installation position, no auxiliary tool is used in the locking process, the battery pack is directly installed, and the self-locking mechanism operates to realize locking connection of the battery pack and the whole vehicle.
Further, the step A specifically comprises the following steps: the tray type equipment is adopted to contact the battery pack to offset the gravity of the battery pack, the equipment is provided with the ejector rod 511, the ejector rod 511 can contact the connecting rod 41 and push the connecting rod 41 to move upwards, the connecting rod 41 drives the transmission rod 42 to move upwards simultaneously, and the transmission rod 42 drives the cantilever clamping hook 12 to rotate to realize unlocking.
Further, the device is provided with an ejector rod 512, and the ejector rod 512 contacts the cantilever structure 123 and pushes the cantilever hook 12 to rotate, so as to unlock.
A vehicle comprises the self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control, which has the advantages that no auxiliary tool is used in the locking process, the device is directly installed, and the device has a self-locking function, namely, an instant locking;
2. the self-locking battery quick-change device has the advantages that the electric speed is higher, the mechanism is simple, the locking reliability is higher, an auxiliary mechanism is not needed to realize the locking process, the locking speed is higher, and the locking function is realized more than other complex mechanisms;
3. The self-locking battery quick-change method can finish quick power change or battery disassembly work as long as a common tray is arranged in any power change station and any occasion without depending on special power change equipment of the power change station;
4. the invention provides two locking force mechanisms, one is a vehicle end control mechanism and the other is a battery exchange station end/special tray control mechanism, wherein the two control mechanisms can be configured simultaneously or independently; the locking control mechanism is responsible for controlling the locking motion state and monitoring the locking state of the whole vehicle condition.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle end locking mechanism;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a battery-side locking mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lock detent mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structural positions of the ejector pins and the cantilever;
the inclined plane of the clamping hook structure and the inclined plane of the slideway boss structure are in fit contact with each other in a schematic view in fig. 5;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the latch separated from the cantilever latch;
FIG. 7 is an unlock control flow diagram;
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of the locking control.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
The self-locking battery quick-change device and method with vehicle end control can finish quick power change or battery disassembly only by a common tray without depending on special power change equipment of a power change station, namely, in any power change station and any occasion; the locking process is free of auxiliary tools, is directly installed and has a self-locking function, namely, the locking is realized; the power change speed is high, the mechanism is simple, and the locking reliability is high.
As shown in fig. 1, the self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle-end control according to the present invention is composed of a vehicle-end locking mechanism 1, a battery-end locking mechanism 2, a locking determination mechanism 3, and a locking force mechanism 4.
The vehicle end locking mechanism 1 is fixed at the whole vehicle end and is used for fixing the battery pack and the whole vehicle lock catch and realizing the movement mechanism of the locking and unlocking process of the battery pack. The vehicle end locking mechanism 1 consists of a mounting panel 11, a cantilever clamping hook 12, a fixed bearing 13, a damping module 14 and a spring 15, wherein the cantilever clamping hook 12, the fixed bearing 13, the damping module 14 and the spring 15 are mounted on the mounting panel 11.
Wherein, the mounting panel 11 is provided with a locking groove structure 111, a limit introducing structure 112 and a spring mounting groove structure 113. The damping module 14 is arranged in the locking groove structure 111. The cantilever latch 12 is comprised of a latch structure 121, a latch force mechanism attachment structure 122, and a cantilever structure 123. The hook structure 121 is a C-shaped structure, the top of which is rotatably connected with the mounting panel 11 through the fixed bearing 13, and the bottom of which is disposed between the locking groove structure 111 and the limit introducing structure 112. The front end of the cantilever structure 123 is connected with the hook structure 121, and the rear end is connected with the locking force mechanism 4 through the locking force mechanism connecting structure 122 to form a connecting point for transmitting vehicle end control or (with) a battery exchange station end/special tray control.
As shown in fig. 2, the battery end locking mechanism 2 is fixed at the battery pack end, and is matched with the locking hook mechanism module, and the locking process has no auxiliary tool, is directly installed and has a self-locking function, namely, is locked. The battery end locking mechanism 2 consists of a lock plunger base 21, a lock plunger 22 and a limit damping block 23.
Wherein, the lock plunger base 21 comprises a slideway boss structure 211 matched with the limit damping block 23. The latch 22 is comprised of a latch boss structure 221 and a latch slide channel groove structure 222. The latch boss structure 221 and the latch slide groove structure 222 are integrally formed to form the latch 22. The lock plunger base 21 is connected with the limit damping block 23 through 2 bolts, and the lock plunger 22 is not connected with the lock plunger base 21 and the limit damping block 23 and is in clearance fit. The lock bolt 22 is thereby free to move inside the lock bolt base 21, functioning as a positioning. The problem that a battery pack cannot be accurately mounted due to deviation of distance and size is avoided if a plurality of locking devices are used.
The lock plunger boss structure 221 is provided with an arc surface 2211 and an inclined surface 2212. The arc surface 2211 can contact with the arc surface of the hook structure 121, and the inclined surface of the hook structure 121 contacts with and supports the inclined surface 2212 of the lock plunger 22, so as to form a self-locking mechanism.
The lock determination mechanism 3 includes a lock probe 31 and an unlock probe 32 for confirming and determining whether or not a failure and a locked state occur in the locking process and the unlocking process.
The locking force mechanism 4 is used for providing an initial power source for locking and unlocking motions, and comprises a connecting rod 41, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected with a transmission rod 42, and the transmission rod 42 is connected with a locking force mechanism connecting structure 122.
As a battery quick-change device with vehicle end control, the invention provides two lock stop force modules: the two control mechanisms can be configured simultaneously or independently. The locking force mechanism 4 can adopt a steel wire and a pulley block to realize the action, the power source is not unique, and the locking force mechanism can be realized by using a displacement control switch or equipment such as hydraulic or pneumatic equipment in linkage.
The self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control has the advantages that the locking/unlocking process is realized by the least parts, the most reliable movement mechanism and the simplest structure, and compared with other complex mechanisms, the locking/unlocking function is realized, and the battery quick-change device has higher battery quick-change efficiency.
The invention discloses a self-locking battery quick-change method with vehicle end control, which comprises the following steps:
A. when the battery pack needs to be replaced, the tray or lifting type movable support, the trolley, the movable trolley/box and other equipment support and counteract the gravity of the battery pack;
B. the vehicle end controls the connection of the unlocking battery pack and the whole vehicle, the battery pack starts a self-checking mode before unlocking, whether the current battery state accords with the unlocking condition is judged, the self-checking time is in the millisecond level, and the quick-change time is not influenced;
C. The controller of the vehicle end control locking mechanism 1 executes the action of changing the electrolytic lock to realize the separation of the battery pack and the whole vehicle;
D. After the battery pack is separated from the whole vehicle, the battery pack to be replaced is supported and installed at the battery pack installation position, no auxiliary tool is used in the locking process, the battery pack is directly installed, the self-locking mechanism operates to achieve the self-locking function of the battery pack, namely, the battery pack is locked immediately, and the battery pack can be locked and connected with the whole vehicle.
When the battery pack needs to be replaced, the whole vehicle firstly enters a power conversion mode, and the basic principle and method of entering the power conversion mode are not used as protection. And (3) contacting the battery pack by using tray equipment to counteract the gravity of the battery pack. The unlocking process includes, but is not limited to, the following two ways:
1. While the device is provided with a push rod 511 as shown in fig. 3. The ejector pins 511 contact the connecting rod 41 in the lock stopper mechanism 4 and push it upward; the two ends of the connecting rod 41 are respectively connected with the transmission rod 42 and drive the transmission rod to move upwards at the same time; the transmission rod 42 is linked with the locking force mechanism connecting structure 122 to drive the cantilever clamping hook 12 to rotate, so as to realize the unlocking function.
2. While the device is provided with a push rod 512 as shown in fig. 4. The ejector rod 512 contacts the cantilever structure 123 and pushes the cantilever hook 12 to rotate, so as to realize the unlocking function.
The battery pack to be replaced is supported and installed at the battery pack installation position, and no auxiliary tool is used in the locking process, so that the battery pack is directly installed. The motion mechanism of the battery pack quick-change locking process and the unlocking process is realized by matching a vehicle end locking mechanism 1 and a battery end locking mechanism 2, and the battery pack and the whole vehicle are fixedly connected after the vehicle end locking mechanism 1 and the battery end locking mechanism 2 are locked; the vehicle end locking mechanism 1 is provided with cantilever clamping hooks 12 and other structural members, the battery end locking mechanism is provided with a lock plunger 22 and other structural members, and the cantilever clamping hooks are matched and locked with the lock plunger to realize connection and fastening of the vehicle end locking mechanism and the battery end locking mechanism; the vehicle end locking mechanism 1 is provided with mechanical structures such as limiting and guiding, the battery end locking mechanism 2 is provided with mechanical structures such as a lock bolt sliding structure, and the functions of positioning, limiting and guiding are realized when the battery pack is in butt joint with the whole vehicle.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, during the ascent of the battery pack:
The arc surface 2211 of the lock plunger 22 contacts with the arc surface of the hook structure 121, and as the lock plunger 22 rises, the cantilever hook 12 rotates around the fixed bearing 13 as a center of a circle. The cantilever hook 12 compresses the spring 15 during rotation. When the latch 22 is raised to contact the damping module 14, the catch structure 121 is disengaged from the latch boss structure 221 of the latch 22. The cantilever clamping hook 12 is rotationally reset under the thrust of the spring 15, and the inclined surface of the clamping hook structure 121 is in abutting contact with the inclined 2212 surface of the lock plunger boss structure 221, so that fixed connection is realized. The self-locking stress is as follows: the inclined surface of the hook structure 121 contacts and supports the inclined surface 2212 of the latch 22.
The latch 22 shares the weight of the battery pack, the shared weight of which is defined as G. The component forces of G are F1 and F2, respectively, F1 being the vertical force applied to the inclined surface of the hook structure 121, and F2 being the force applied to the flat surface 1111 of the locking groove structure 111. The force exerted by F2 is counteracted by the plane 1111, and the force exerted by F1 corresponds to the inclined plane force F1' of the hook structure 121. The component forces of the F1' are F3 and F4 respectively, the force applied by the F4 is offset by the offset force F4' generated by the plane 1112, and the force applied by the F3 is offset by the offset force F3' generated by the fixed bearing 13, so as to achieve the force balance effect, as shown in fig. 5.
The self-locking mode of the invention is realized by mainly utilizing the component force of the gravity of the battery pack, namely the component force of the gravity of the battery pack, which influences the reliability of self-locking, and has the advantages of higher power conversion speed, simple mechanism and higher locking reliability. The mechanism not only can ensure the reliability of quick replacement of the battery pack, but also can realize the locking process by using the least parts, the most reliable movement mechanism and the simplest structure, does not need an auxiliary mechanism to realize the locking process, has higher locking speed and has more advantages than other complex mechanisms to realize the locking function.
Connection of vehicle end control unlocking battery pack and whole vehicle
The unlocking process is as follows: when the vehicle end sends out an unlocking instruction, the unlocking instruction is sent to the whole vehicle controller. The vehicle controller sends a battery pack self-checking instruction to a battery management system in the battery pack, and the battery management system performs self-checking after receiving the self-checking instruction. And detecting whether the current state of the battery pack such as high-low voltage electrical connection meets the threshold requirement or not. When the threshold requirement is not met, fault codes are fed back to the whole vehicle according to the set threshold, unlocking self-checking fault values are reported, and when the unlocking self-checking fault values are released, the battery pack state self-checking is conducted again. When the threshold requirement is met, the self-checking success instruction is fed back to the whole vehicle controller, the whole vehicle controller receives a self-checking success feedback signal sent by the battery management system, and at the moment, the whole vehicle controller judges that the current battery pack state can be unlocked. The vehicle controller sends an unlocking instruction to the controller of the locking force mechanism, the controller of the locking force mechanism 4 receives the unlocking instruction and then performs unlocking action, the unlocking probe 32 confirms whether the unlocking position is reached, the battery pack is separated from the vehicle, and the unlocking control strategy is shown in fig. 7.
The unlocking action is specifically as follows: the connecting rod 41 in the locking force mechanism 4 moves upwards under the control of the movement of the controller and drives the transmission rod 42 to move. The drive rod 42 is linked to the lock force mechanism connection 122, which links the rotation of the cantilever latch 12. The cantilever structure 123 rotates from the position of the locking probe 31 of the shielding locking judging mechanism 3 to the position of the shielding unlocking probe 32, and at this time, the lock plunger 22 is separated from the cantilever hook 12 as shown in fig. 6, that is, the battery pack is separated from the whole vehicle.
In the quick power change process, in order to ensure smooth power change process, the real-time monitoring power change process needs to determine whether the connection of the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage circuit is normal, determine whether the power change mechanism is normal, determine whether the locking state reaches a preset effect, and monitor whether the battery pack quick change interface is abnormal in the whole vehicle full-working condition operation in real time.
The control strategy method is not unique, but only provides a feasibility strategy thought, the main thought is to send out instructions, receive the instructions, detect states, execute actions, feedback execution and the like, the basic strategy method can be arbitrarily derived, the control strategy comprises adding additional auxiliary control, and the control strategies of adding additional receivers, controllers and executors or reducing partial self-checking, judging and the like, and the control strategy which can be represented to be realized is within the protection scope of the patent.
Battery pack lock for replacement
The self-locking is completed, namely the battery pack is connected with the whole vehicle, and the connection port of the battery pack high-low voltage circuit is connected with the connection port of the whole vehicle-end high-low voltage circuit, namely the circuit is communicated.
And the whole vehicle controller sends a battery pack self-checking instruction to a battery management system in the battery pack, and the battery management system performs self-checking after receiving the self-checking instruction, wherein the self-checking strategy is consistent with the self-checking strategy in the unlocking process. The locking probe 31 confirms whether it is in a locked state. And when the condition requirements are met, the power change completion information is fed back to a vehicle end or an App and the like, the power change is completed, and if not, the locking failure is covered, and the locking control strategy is shown in figure 8.
The locking mechanism module is in a locking state, at the moment, a locking structure in the locking state judges whether the locking is in place or not, and a locking in-place signal is sent to the whole vehicle controller. And if the locking structure does not reach the preset position, sending a locking fault value to the whole vehicle controller, and feeding back the locking position fault value. And if the locking structure reaches the preset position, sending a locking success signal to the whole vehicle controller. And the vehicle controller receives the locking success signal and judges that the mechanical locking is successful. When the interlocking signal is fed back to the whole vehicle controller, the high-low voltage circuit is judged to be normally connected, at the moment, the whole vehicle controller sends a power-changing success instruction to the vehicle end, and the vehicle end displays that the power-changing success power-changing process is completed.
The working principles of the unlocking probe 32 and the locking probe 31 are not described, the implementation mode is not unique, the unlocking probe and the locking probe can be realized by utilizing the change of an electric field or a magnetic field and induction, and the unlocking probe and the locking probe can also be protected by utilizing light transmission induction, laser induction and the like as rights.
After the power is replaced, a controller/sensor of the locking mechanism module monitors whether the locking mechanism is in a normal position and a threshold value of a state in real time, so that the locking mechanism is prevented from being damaged by factors such as collision and collision of the whole vehicle, the battery pack is prevented from being mechanically connected, and the interlocking signal is monitored in real time, so that the battery pack is prevented from being connected with a circuit, and the whole vehicle battery pack is protected from being mechanically and electrically double monitored, so that risk is avoided.
The locking process is a clamping type quick change, and the locking process is simple and convenient, namely the locking is realized, the locking speed is high, the positioning is accurate, and the connection is reliable; the unlocking process is electric or pneumatic control, the unlocking is actively controlled, the method is safe and convenient, the battery pack can be quickly replaced anytime and anywhere, and the special power exchange station or power exchange equipment is not relied on.
The self-locking battery quick-change method with vehicle end control can finish quick battery change or battery disassembly work only by a common tray without depending on special battery change equipment of a battery change station, namely, in any battery change station and any occasion, realize quick battery change process anytime and anywhere, and can quickly maintain a fault battery pack. The battery quick-change method is not a limitation of the quick-change method, but means that there is at least one mentioned method that can implement the present invention. The control strategy comprises steps and sequences which can be changed, and the quick-change structure can be changed into a similar structure form.
The quick-change method in this embodiment is not unique, but only provides a quick-change feasibility method, and a common tray may be a tray, a lifting bracket, a cart, a mobile battery-changing vehicle/box, and certainly includes battery-changing stations, battery-changing devices of various types and manufacturers, and the like, so long as a battery pack is provided, or as long as the battery pack can be stored, the method can be used as the battery-changing method described in this scheme. The invention discloses a battery pack quick-change method, which is characterized in that a battery pack quick-change product is provided with a battery pack quick-change device, a battery pack quick-change device and a remote control device, wherein the battery pack quick-change device is provided with a battery pack quick-change device, and the battery pack quick-change device is provided with a battery pack quick-change device.
In addition, the battery pack with the vehicle end control function can be matched with special equipment to carry out the rapid replacement of the battery pack with the non-vehicle end control function. The quick change method and principle of the non-vehicle-end control process are basically consistent with those of the vehicle-end control. The locking force mechanism 4 can realize the quick replacement of the battery pack controlled by the non-vehicle end by using a battery exchange station end/special tray control mechanism module. The unlocking function can be realized through the cooperation of the locking mechanism and the vehicle end. The locking function method and principle are consistent with the control of the vehicle end, and the locking function method and principle are directly installed, namely the lock is installed, and the method is simple and reliable.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, while the invention has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the invention is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. A self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control function is characterized in that: the vehicle-end locking mechanism comprises a vehicle-end locking mechanism (1), a battery-end locking mechanism (2), a locking judging mechanism (3) and a locking force mechanism (4);
The vehicle end locking mechanism (1) is fixed at the vehicle end and is used for locking and fixing the battery pack and the whole vehicle, and the vehicle end locking mechanism (1) comprises a mounting panel (11), a cantilever clamping hook (12) rotationally connected with the mounting panel (11) through a fixed bearing (13), and a damping module (14) and a spring (15) which are mounted on the mounting panel (11); the cantilever clamping hook (12) can compress the spring (15) when rotating;
The battery end locking mechanism (2) is fixed at the end of the battery pack and is matched with the lock hook mechanism module, and the battery end locking mechanism (2) consists of a lock plunger base (21), a lock plunger (22) positioned below the damping module (14) and a limit damping block (23); the lock bolt (22) is respectively in clearance fit with the lock bolt base (21) and the limit damping block (23), and the lock bolt (22) can freely move in the lock bolt base (21);
The locking judging mechanism (3) comprises a locking probe (31) and an unlocking probe (32) and is used for confirming and judging whether a locking process and an unlocking process have faults and locking states;
The locking force mechanism (4) comprises a connecting rod (41), two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected with a transmission rod (42), and the transmission rods (42) are connected with the cantilever clamping hooks (12);
The cantilever clamping hook (12) can be matched with the lock plunger (22) to form a self-locking mechanism, so that the vehicle end locking mechanism (1) is connected and fastened with the battery end locking mechanism (2);
the mounting panel (11) is provided with a locking groove structure (111), a limit introducing structure (112) and a spring mounting groove structure (113), and the damping module (14) is arranged in the locking groove structure (111);
The cantilever clamping hook (12) consists of a clamping hook structure (121), a locking force mechanism connecting structure (122) and a cantilever structure (123), wherein the front end of the cantilever structure (123) is connected with the clamping hook structure (121), and the rear end of the cantilever structure is connected with the link transmission rod (42) through the locking force mechanism connecting structure (122);
the clamping hook structure (121) is of a C-shaped structure, the top of the clamping hook structure is rotationally connected with the mounting panel (11) through the fixed bearing (13), and the bottom of the clamping hook structure is arranged between the locking groove structure (111) and the limit introducing structure (112).
2. The self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control according to claim 1, wherein: the lock plunger base (21) comprises a slide boss structure (211) matched with the limit damping block (23), and the lock plunger (22) is composed of a lock plunger boss structure (221) and a lock plunger slide groove structure (222) which is formed by the lock plunger boss structure and the lock plunger slide groove structure in an integrated mode.
3. The self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the lock plunger boss structure (221) is respectively provided with an arc surface (2211) and an inclined surface (2212), the arc surface (2211) can be in contact with the arc surface of the clamping hook structure (121), and the inclined surface of the clamping hook structure (121) is in contact with the inclined surface (2212) of the lock plunger (22) and supports the inclined surface to form the self-locking mechanism.
4. A battery quick-change method applied to the self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps:
A. when the battery pack needs to be replaced, the tray or the lifting type movable support, the trolley and the movable trolley/box are lifted and counteract the gravity of the battery pack;
B. the vehicle end controls the connection of the unlocking battery pack and the whole vehicle, the battery pack starts a self-checking mode before unlocking, whether the current battery state accords with the unlocking condition is judged, the self-checking time is in the millisecond level, and the quick-change time is not influenced;
C. the controller of the vehicle end locking mechanism (1) executes the action of changing the electrolytic lock to realize the separation of the battery pack and the whole vehicle;
D. After the battery pack is separated from the whole vehicle, the battery pack to be replaced is supported and installed at the battery pack installation position, no auxiliary tool is used in the locking process, the battery pack is directly installed, and the self-locking mechanism operates to realize locking connection of the battery pack and the whole vehicle.
5. The battery quick-change method of a self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control according to claim 4, wherein the step a is specifically as follows: adopt tray class equipment contact battery package, offset battery package gravity, equipment is provided with first ejector pin (511), and first ejector pin (511) can be with connecting rod (41) contact to promote its upward movement, connecting rod (41) drive transfer line (42) upward movement simultaneously, transfer line (42) drive cantilever pothook (12) rotation, realize the unblock.
6. The battery quick-change method of the self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control according to claim 5, wherein the device is provided with a second ejector rod (512), and the second ejector rod (512) is in contact with the cantilever structure (123) and pushes the cantilever clamping hook (12) to rotate so as to unlock.
7. A vehicle, characterized in that: a self-locking battery quick change device having vehicle end control as claimed in claim 1.
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| CN202210372878.2A CN114789672B (en) | 2022-04-11 | 2022-04-11 | Self-locking battery quick-change device with vehicle end control function, vehicle and method |
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| CN114789672A (en) | 2022-07-26 |
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