CN114667297B - 一种抗体融合蛋白及其制法和在抗肿瘤中的应用 - Google Patents
一种抗体融合蛋白及其制法和在抗肿瘤中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种抗体融合蛋白及其制法和在抗肿瘤中的应用,其包含抗HER2单克隆抗体IgG和VEGFR1的D2结构域,VEGFR1的D2结构域通过肽接头L连接至IgG重链的C末端。该抗体融合蛋白能同时阻断HER2和VEGFR2信号通路,具有优于单克隆抗体的抑制肿瘤增殖的作用,为抗肿瘤治疗提供了一种治疗效果更佳的候选药物,在肿瘤疾病的治疗上具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于肿瘤治疗和生物技术领域,涉及一种抗HER2单克隆抗体IgG和VEGFR1的D2结构域组成的抗体融合蛋白及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
HER2(human epidermal growth factor receptor2),具有受体酪氨酸蛋白激酶活性,是人表皮生长因子受体家族成员之一,只在成年人的少数正常组织中呈低水平表达。研究表明,HER2在多种肿瘤中过表达,如在约30%的乳腺癌患者和16%的胃癌患者中均存在过度表达情况,HER2在肿瘤中的过表达可以显著促进肿瘤的生长,并增强肿瘤的侵袭和转移能力,是这类患者预后较差的重要指征。因此,早在1998年,第一个靶向于HER2的单克隆抗体药物Herceptin被FDA批准上市,并用于HER2过表达的乳腺癌和胃癌的治疗。
肿瘤的生长有两个阶段,从无血管的缓慢生长期到有血管的快速增殖期。如果肿瘤内部没有血管的生成,则原发肿瘤生长缓慢,转移无法实现。因此抑制肿瘤血管生成被认为是当前具有前途的肿瘤治疗方法之一。血管内皮生长因子(VEGFs)家族中,VEGF-A165(以下简称VEGF)是最丰富活跃的亚型。VEGF通过与II型受体VEGFR2结合,激活信号通路发生一系列级联反应,促进新生血管形成并维持其完整性。但I型受体VEGFR1与VEGF结合的能力远大于VEGFR2,发生作用部位主要是VEGFR1的胞外区D2结构域。VEGFR1-D2通过竞争结合VEGF,阻断VEGFR2与VEGF结合,从而阻断信号通路,抑制内皮细胞增殖与血管生成,从而抑制肿瘤的快速增殖与转移。
本发明介绍了一种能同时阻断HER2和VEGFR2信号通路的抗体融合蛋白,该抗体融合蛋白一方面可以结合肿瘤细胞表面HER2抗原,抑制肿瘤增殖;另一方面,可以竞争结合VEGF,抑制内皮细胞增殖与血管生成。这个作用机制发生在肿瘤微环境中,可以有效地抑制肿瘤内部血管的生成,从而抑制肿瘤生长。该抗体融合蛋白具有优于HER2单抗及HER2单抗+FcD2的抑制肿瘤增殖的作用,在肿瘤疾病的治疗上具有广阔的应用前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能同时阻断HER2和VEGFR2信号通路的抗体融合蛋白,提供编码所述抗体融合蛋白的核苷酸分子;提供包含所述核苷酸分子的表达载体;提供所述表达载体的宿主细胞;提供所述抗体融合蛋白的制备方法;提供包含所述抗体融合蛋白的药物组合物;提供所述抗体融合蛋白在制备药物中的应用。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用了如下技术方案:
本发明提供了一种能同时阻断HER2和VEGFR2信号通路的抗体融合蛋白,其包含抗HER2单克隆抗体IgG和VEGFR1的D2结构域,VEGFR1的D2结构域通过肽接头L连接至IgG重链的C末端。
本发明“抗体融合蛋白”是重组产生的抗原结合分子,其中抗体或抗体片段连接至另一种蛋白质或肽。其包含抗HER2单克隆抗体IgG和VEGFR1的D2结构域,VEGFR1的D2结构域通过肽接头L连接至IgG重链的C末端。
本发明“抗HER2单克隆抗体IgG”是约150kDa的分子,它由四条肽链构成,含有两条相同的约50kDa的γ重链,和两条相同的约25kDa的轻链,从而具有四聚体四级结构。两条重链通过二硫键相互连接,并各自与一条轻链连接。所成的四聚体具有相同的两半,二者形成叉型或者类似Y的形状,叉的每一端含有一个相同的抗原结合位点。IgG抗体可以基于重链的恒定区中氨基酸序列的微小差异而分为多个亚类(例如IgG1、2、3、4)。
作为优选的方案,所述IgG的重链包含互补决定区HCDR1-3,其中HCDR1的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示,HCDR2的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示,HCDR3的氨基酸序列如SEQID NO:3所示;
所述IgG的轻链包含互补决定区LCDR1-3,其中LCDR1的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:4所示,LCDR2的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:5所示,LCDR3的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:6所示。
本领域中,抗体的结合区通常均含有一条轻链可变区和一条重链可变区,每一个可变区均含有3个CDR三个结构域。抗体的重链和轻链的CDR结构域分别称为HCDR和LCDR。因此,常规抗体抗原结合位点包含六个CDR,包括分别来自重链和轻链V区的CDR集合。
作为优选的方案,所述IgG的重链可变区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:7所示,轻链可变区的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:8所示。
作为优选的方案,所述肽接头L的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:9所示。
作为优选的方案,所述抗体融合蛋白的重链氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:10所示,其轻链氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:11所示。
作为优选的方案,所述抗体融合蛋白的重链氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:15所述,其轻链氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:11所示。
在构建本发明的抗体融合蛋白时,与该抗体融合蛋白的化学和物理稳定性相关的问题也得到了解决,诸如表达物理稳定的分子、增加热和盐依赖的稳定性、降低聚集、增加在高浓度下的溶解度以及维持分别针对HER2和VEGF的亲和力等。
本发明另一方面提供了一种核苷酸分子,所述核苷酸分子编码上述任一所述的抗体融合蛋白。
作为优选的方案,所述核苷酸分子编码抗体融合蛋白的重链的核苷酸序列如SEQID NO:12所示,编码其轻链的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:13所示。
作为优选的方案,所述核苷酸分子编码抗体融合蛋白的重链的核苷酸序列如SEQID NO:16所示,编码其轻链的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:13所示。
本发明所述核苷酸分子的制备方法为本领域常规的制备方法,较佳地包括以下制备方法:通过基因克隆技术例如PCR方法等,获得编码上述抗体融合蛋白的核苷酸分子,或者通过人工全序列合成的方法得到编码上述抗体融合蛋白的核苷酸分子。
本领域技术人员知晓,编码上述抗体融合蛋白的氨基酸序列的核苷酸序列可以适当引入替换、缺失、改变、插入或增加来提供一个多聚核苷酸的同系物。本发明中多聚核苷酸的同系物可以通过对编码该抗体融合蛋白基因的一个或多个碱基在保持抗体活性范围内进行替换、缺失或增加来制得。
本发明另一方面提供了一种表达载体,所述表达载体含有上述任一所述的核苷酸分子。
其中所述表达载体为本领域常规的表达载体,是指包含适当的调控序列,例如启动子序列、终止子序列、多腺苷酰化序列、增强子序列、标记基因和/或序列以及其他适当的序列的表达载体。所述表达载体可以是病毒或质粒,如适当的噬菌体或者噬菌粒,更多技术细节请参见例如Sambrook等,Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual,第二版,ColdSpring Harbor Laboratory Press,1989。许多用于核酸操作的已知技术和方案请参见Current Protocols in Molecular Biology,第二版,Ausubel等编著。本发明所述表达载体较佳地为pDR1,pcDNA3.4(+),pDHFR或pTT5。
本发明另外提供了一种宿主细胞,所述宿主细胞含有上述表达载体。
本发明所述的宿主细胞为本领域常规的各种宿主细胞,只要能满足使上述重组表达载体稳定地自行复制,且所携带所述的核苷酸可被有效表达即可。其中所述宿主细胞包括原核表达细胞和真核表达细胞,所述表达载体较佳地包括:COS、CHO(中国仓鼠卵巢,Chinese H amster Ovary)、NS0、sf9、sf21、DH5α、BL21(DE3)或TG1,更佳地为Ecoli TG1、BL21(DE3)细胞(表达单链抗体或Fab抗体)或者CHO-K1细胞(表达全长IgG抗体)。将前述表达载体转化至宿主细胞中,即可得本发明优选的重组表达转化体。其中所述转化方法为本领域常规转化方法,较佳地为化学转化法,热激法或电转法。
作为优选的方案,所述宿主细胞是真核细胞,优选自CHO细胞和293E细胞。
本发明另一方面提供了上述抗体融合蛋白的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
a)在表达条件下,培养如上述任一所述的宿主细胞,从而表达能能同时阻断HER2和VEGFR2信号通路的抗体融合蛋白;
b)分离并纯化步骤a)所述的抗体融合蛋白。
本发明所述的宿主细胞的培养方法、所述抗体的分离和纯化方法为本领域常规方法,具体操作方法请参考相应的细胞培养技术手册以及抗体分离纯化技术手册。利用上述方法,可以将重组蛋白纯化为基本均一的物质,例如在SDS-PAGE电泳上为单一条带。
可以利用亲和层析的方法对本发明公开的抗体融合蛋白进行分离纯化,根据所利用的亲和柱的特性,可以使用常规的方法例如高盐缓冲液、改变PH等方法洗脱结合在亲和柱上的抗体融合蛋白。本发明的发明人对所得抗体融合蛋白进行了检测实验,实验结果表明该抗体融合蛋白能很好地与靶细胞和抗原结合,具有较高的亲和力。
本发明另一方面提供了一种组合物,所述组合物包含上述的抗体融合蛋白和一种或多种药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。
本发明提供的抗体融合蛋白,可以和药学上可以接受的载体一起组成药物制剂组合物从而更稳定地发挥疗效,这些制剂可以保证本发明公开的抗体融合蛋白的氨基酸核心序列的构像完整性,同时还保护蛋白质的多官能团防止其降解(包括但不限于凝聚、脱氨或氧化)。通常情况下,对于液体制剂,通常可以在2℃-8℃条件下保存至少稳定一年,对于冻干制剂,在30℃至少六个月保持稳定。所述抗体融合蛋白制剂可为制药领域常用的混悬、水针、冻干等制剂。
对于本发明公开的抗体融合蛋白的水针或冻干制剂,药学上可以接受的载体较佳地包括但不限于:表面活性剂、溶液稳定剂、等渗调节剂和缓冲液之一或其组合。其中表面活性剂较佳地包括但不限于:非离子型表面活性剂如聚氧乙烯山梨醇脂肪酸酯(吐温20或80);poloxamer(如poloxamer 188);Triton;十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS);月桂硫酸钠;十四烷基、亚油基或十八烷基肌氨酸;Pluronics;MONAQUATTM等,其加入量应使抗体融合蛋白的颗粒化趋势最小。溶液稳定剂较佳地包括但不限于以下列举之一或其组合:糖类,例如,还原性糖和非还原性糖;氨基酸类,例如,谷氨酸单钠或组氨酸;醇类,例如:三元醇、高级糖醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇等,溶液稳定剂的加入量应该使最后形成的制剂在本领域的技术人员认为达到稳定的时间内保持稳定状态。等渗调节剂较佳地包括但不限于氯化钠、甘露醇之一或其组合。缓冲液较佳地包括但不限于:Tris、组氨酸缓冲液、磷酸盐缓冲液之一或其组合。
本发明另一方面提供了上述抗体融合蛋白、或上述药物组合物在制备药物
中的应用,所述药物用于治疗肿瘤。
本发明所称的用于治疗肿瘤的药物,指具有抑制和/或治疗肿瘤的药物,可以包括伴随肿瘤相关症状发展的延迟和/或这些症状严重程度的降低,进一步还包括已存在的肿瘤伴随症状的减轻并防止其他症状的出现,还包括减少或防止肿瘤的转移等。
本发明所述的药物所针对的肿瘤较佳地包括但不限于:乳腺癌、肺癌、骨癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、皮肤癌、头颈癌、子宫癌、卵巢癌、睾丸癌、子宫癌、输卵管癌、子宫内膜癌、子宫颈癌、阴道癌、外阴癌、直肠癌、结肠癌、肛门区癌、食管癌、小肠癌、内分泌系统癌、甲状腺癌、甲状旁腺癌、肾上腺癌、尿道癌、阴茎癌、前列腺癌、胰腺癌、脑癌、睾丸癌、淋巴癌、移行细胞癌、膀胱癌、肾癌或输尿管癌、肾细胞癌、肾盂癌、霍奇金病、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、软组织肉瘤、儿童实体瘤、淋巴细胞性淋巴瘤、中枢神经系统(CNS)肿瘤、原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤、肿瘤血管生成、脊柱肿瘤、脑干神经胶质瘤、垂体腺瘤、黑素瘤、卡波西肉瘤、表皮样癌、鳞状细胞癌、T细胞淋巴瘤、慢性或急性白血病和所述癌的组合。
本发明中抗体融合蛋白及其组合物在对包括人在内的动物给药时,给药剂量因病人的年龄和体重,疾病特性和严重性,以及给药途径而异,可以参考动物实验的结果和种种情况,总给药量不能超过一定范围。具体讲静脉注射的剂量是1-1800mg/天。
本发明公开的抗体融合蛋白及其组合物还可以和其他的抗肿瘤药联合给药以达到更加有效治疗肿瘤的目的,这些抗肿瘤药包括但不限于:1、细胞毒类药物:1)作用于核酸化学结构的药物:烷化剂如氮芥类、亚硝脲类、甲基磺酸酯类;铂类化合物如顺铂(Cisplatin)、卡铂(Carboplatin)和草酸铂(Oxaliplatin)等;抗生素类如阿霉素(Adriamycin/Doxorubicin)、放线菌素D(DactinomycinD)、柔红霉素(Daunorubicin)、表阿霉素(Epirubicin)、光辉霉素(Mithramycin)等;2)影响核酸代谢的药物:二氢叶酸还原酶抑制剂如甲氨喋呤(MTX)和培美曲塞(Pemetrexed)等;胸腺核苷合成酶抑制剂如氟尿嘧啶类(5-氟尿嘧啶、卡培他滨)等;嘌呤核苷合成酶抑制剂如6-巯基嘌呤等;核苷酸还原酶抑制剂如羟基脲(Hydroxycarbamide)等;DNA多聚酶抑制剂如阿糖胞苷(Cytosinearabinoside)和吉西他滨(Gemcitabine)等;3)作用于微管蛋白的药物:多西他赛(Docetaxel)、长春花碱(Vincristine)、长春瑞滨(Vinorelbine)、鬼臼硷类、高三尖杉酯碱等;2、激素类药物:抗雌激素如他莫昔芬(Tamoxifen)、屈洛昔芬(Droloxifene)、依西美坦(Exemestane)等;芳香化酶抑制剂如氨鲁米特(Aminoglutethimide)、福美司坦(Formestane)、来曲唑(Letrozle)、阿那曲唑(Anastrozole)等;抗雄激素:氟它氨RH-LH激动剂/拮抗剂:诺雷德、依那通等;3、生物反应调节剂类药物:此类药物主要通过调节机体免疫功能以到抗肿瘤的效果,如干扰素类(Interferon);白细胞介素-2(Interleukin-2);胸腺肽类(Thymosins)等;4、单克隆抗体类药物:曲妥昔单抗(Trastuzumab)、利妥昔单抗(Rituximab)、西妥昔单抗(Cetuximab)、贝伐单抗(Bevacizumab)等;5、其他类抗肿瘤药物:包括一些目前机制尚不明确、有待进一步研究的药物等。本发明公开的抗体融合蛋白及其组合物可以和上述的抗肿瘤药物之一或其组合联合用药。
在符合本领域常识的基础上,上述各优选条件,可任意组合,即得本发明各较佳实例。
本发明所用试剂和原料均市售可得。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:
其一、本发明提供的抗体融合蛋白能同时阻断HER2和VEGFR2的信号通路。体外活性检测结果表明:分子水平上,本发明抗体融合蛋白对HER2抗原亲和力与单克隆抗体相当;对VEGF的亲和力与Fc-D2相当;细胞水平上,本发明抗体融合蛋白能抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞HUVEC的增殖,生物学活性均与Fc-D2相当;能抑制HER2阳性肿瘤细胞的增殖,其中对NCI-N87,SK-OV3,SK-BR3的抑制效果优于HER2单抗以及HER2单抗+FcD2。
其二、动物实验表明,本发明抗体融合蛋白的抑瘤效果,明显优于同等摩尔浓度的抗HER2单抗,说明本发明抗体融合蛋白的VEGFR1-D2结构域发挥了协同抗肿瘤作用。
其三、本发明提供的抗体融合蛋白稳定性强,为抗肿瘤治疗提供了一种治疗效果更佳的候选药物,在肿瘤疾病的治疗上具有巨大的应用前景。
附图说明
图1:抗体融合蛋白HD2结构示意图。
图2A:抗体融合蛋白HD2的HPLC-SEC检测图谱。
图2B:抗体融合蛋白HD2的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳图。
图3A:ELISA检测抗体融合蛋白HD2、HD2-2aa与HER2的结合。
图3B:ELISA检测抗体融合蛋白HD2、HD2-2aa与VEGF的结合。
图4:ELISA检测抗体融合蛋白HD2阻断VEGF与VEGFR2的结合。
图5:FACS检测抗体融合蛋白HD2对BT474细胞的结合。
图6A:FACS检测抗VEGFR2抗体对NCI-N87细胞的结合。
图6B:FACS检测抗VEGFR2抗体对SK-OV3细胞的结合。
图6C:FACS检测抗VEGFR2抗体对SK-BR3细胞的结合。
图6D:FACS检测抗VEGFR2抗体对BT474细胞的结合。
图6E:抗体融合蛋白HD2对NCI-N87肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制曲线。
图6F:抗体融合蛋白HD2对SK-OV3肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制曲线。
图6G:抗体融合蛋白HD2对SK-BR3肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制曲线。
图6H:抗体融合蛋白HD2对BT474肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制曲线。
图7:抗体融合蛋白HD2、HD2-2aa对HUVEC的增殖抑制曲线。
图8A:HER2包被ELISA计算所得的抗体融合蛋白HD2在大鼠体内药代动力学参数结果。
图8B:proteinA包被ELISA计算所得的抗体融合蛋白HD2在大鼠体内药代动力学参数结果。
图9:小鼠肿瘤模型上抗体融合蛋白HD2抑制肿瘤增殖的曲线。
图10A:抗体融合蛋白HD2的DSC曲线。
图10B:抗体融合蛋白HD2的热稳定性HPLC-SEC。
具体实施方式
以下实施例、实验例是对本发明进行进一步的说明,不应理解为是对本发明的限制。实施例不包括对传统方法的详细描述,如那些用于构建载体和质粒的方法,将编码蛋白的基因插入到这样的载体和质粒的方法或将质粒引入宿主细胞的方法.这样的方法对本领域中具有普通技术的人员是众所周知的,并且在许多出版物中都有所描述,包括Sambrook,J.,Fritsch,E.F.and Maniais,T.(1989)Molecular Cloning:A LaboratoryManual,2ndedition,Cold spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
以下实施例中使用的实验材料和来源以及实验试剂的配制方法具体说明如下。
实验材料:
293E细胞:来自NRC biotechnology Research Institute。
人脐静脉内皮细胞HUVEC:购自Sciencell。
人乳腺癌细胞BT474:来自中科院细胞库。
人卵巢癌细胞SK-OV3:来自中科院细胞库。
人乳腺癌细胞SK-BR3:来自中科院细胞库。
人胃癌细胞株NCI-N87:购自美国典型培养物保藏中心(ATCC)。
Protein A芯片:label No:29139131-AA;lot:10261132。
SD大鼠:购自浙江维通利华实验动物技术有限公司,生产许可证SCXK(浙)2018-0001。
BALB/c裸小鼠:购自上海灵畅生物科技有限公司。
实验试剂:
VEGF-A165:正文中标注为VEGF,根据UniProt的序列号p15692的序列自制。
VEGFR2:购自R&D,货号357-KD。
生物素化的VEGF抗体:购自R&D,货号BAF293。
HRP标记的鼠抗人Fab抗体:购自sigma,货号A0293。
Streptavidin HRP:购自BD Biosciences,货号554066。
羊抗人IgG-FITC:购自sigma,货号F4143。
PBS:购自生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司,货号B548117。
PBST:PBS+0.05%Tween 20。
BSA:购自生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司,货号A60332。
TMB:购自BD公司,货号555214。
FBS:购自Gibco,货号10099。
HBS-EP工作液:购自Life science,BR-1006-69。
实验仪器:
HiTrap MabSelectSuRe柱:购自GE公司。
Beckman Coulter CytoFLEX流式细胞仪:购自Beckman公司。
SpectraMax i3x酶标仪:购自MolecularDevices公司。
SpectraMaxM5酶标仪:购自MolecularDevices公司。
本发明实施例中所述的HER2单克隆抗体均是指三生国健药业按照Herceptin的氨基酸序列、用CHO细胞表达系统进行表达、自主研发的细胞培养生产工艺得到的人鼠嵌合单克隆抗体。
实施例1.抗体融合蛋白HD2和HD2-2aa的分子构建
本发明采用了抗HER2单克隆抗体IgG和VEGFR1的D2结构域串联的方式,构建了抗体融合蛋白HD2。将VEGFR1的D2结构域(SEQ ID NO:14)和抗HER2单克隆抗体的重链(SEQ IDNO:7)通过肽接头Linker(SEQ ID NO:9)连接起来,得到融合蛋白的重链(SEQ ID NO:10)。HER2单抗的轻链(SEQ ID NO:11)则保持不变。为了提高该分子在293E细胞中的表达效率,委托金唯智公司对HD2分子的核酸序列进行密码子优化。优化主要考虑密码子的偏好性、GC含量、mRNA二级结构、重复序列等因素,随后委托金唯智公司合成。拼接后HD2重链核酸序列为SEQ ID NO:12,轻链核酸序列为SEQ ID NO:13。序列见附录。HD2结构如图1所示。
采用上述相同的方法,将抗HER2单克隆抗体IgG和上述SEQ ID NO:14所示结构域末端截掉了两个氨基酸的结构域串联,构建了抗体融合蛋白HD2-2aa,HD2-2aa的重链氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:15,HD2-2aa重链核酸序列为SEQ ID NO:16,HD2-2aa的轻链与HD2相同。
实施例2.抗体融合蛋白HD2和HD2-2aa的表达与纯化
将HD2的重链和轻链的DNA片段分别克隆到pTT5载体中,提取重组质粒共转染CHO细胞和/或293E细胞。细胞培养5-7天后,将培养液通过高速离心、微孔滤膜抽真空过滤后,上样至HiTrap MabSelectSuRe柱,用含有100mM柠檬酸,pH3.5的洗脱液一步洗脱蛋白,回收目标样品并透析至pH7.4的PBS。将纯化后的蛋白用HPLC检测,HD2的HPLC-SEC检测图谱分别如图2A所示,抗体分子状态均一,单体纯度达到98%以上。
取纯化后的抗体融合蛋白HD2分别加入非还原电泳缓冲液,SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测,取纯化后的抗体融合蛋白HD2分别加入还原电泳缓冲液并煮沸,SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测,电泳图见图2B所示,抗体融合蛋白HD2理论分子量为169KD。
采用上述相同的方法,表达与纯化抗体融合蛋白HD2-2aa。
实施例3.酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定HD2和HD2-2aa对HER2抗原以及VEGF的亲和力
为了检测HD2和HD2-2aa抗体融合蛋白与HER2抗原的亲和力,用pH7.4的PBS缓冲液将三生国健自制HER2-ECD-His蛋白稀释至250ng/ml,然后100μl/孔加入ELISA板中,4℃孵育过夜。次日用PBST洗板两次,每孔加入PBST+1%BSA进行封闭,37℃封闭1h,用PBST洗板两次。然后加入用PBS+1%BSA梯度稀释的待检测抗体融合蛋白HD2、HD2-2aa,抗HER2单克隆抗体作为阳性对照,起始浓度为100nM,逐级3倍稀释12个梯度。37℃孵育1h,PBST洗板两次,加入HRP标记的鼠抗人Fab抗体,37℃再孵育40min,PBST洗板三次并拍干,每孔加入100μlTMB,室温(20±5℃)避光放置5分钟,每孔加入50μl的2MH2SO4终止底物反应,酶标仪450nm处读取OD值。GraphPad Prism7进行数据分析,作图并计算EC50,实验结果如图3A所示,HD2,HD2-2aa和阳性对照HER2单抗,与HER2结合的EC50分别为0.15nM,0.16nM,0.11nM,三者亲和力相当。
为了检测HD2和HD2-2aa与VEGF的结合能力,将VEGF用pH7.4的PBS稀释至500ng/ml,100μl/孔加入酶标板,4℃包被过夜。PBST洗板2次,200μl/孔加入PBS+2%BSA进行封闭,37℃放置1小时后PBST洗板1次待用。然后加入用PBS+1%BSA梯度稀释的待检测抗体融合蛋白HD2、HD2-2aa,Fc-D2作为阳性对照,起始浓度为200nM,逐级3倍稀释12个梯度。加入封闭后的酶标板,100μl/孔,37℃放置1小时,PBST洗板2次,加入HRP标记的鼠抗人Fc抗体,37℃放置30分钟,PBST洗板3次后,在吸水纸上尽量拍干残留液滴,每孔加入100μl的TMB,室温(20±5℃)避光放置5分钟,每孔加入50μl的2MH2SO4终止液终止底物反应,酶标仪450nm处读取OD值。GraphPad Prism7进行数据分析,作图并计算EC50。实验结果如图3B所示,抗体融合蛋白HD2,HD2-2aa和阳性对照Fc-D2与VEGF结合的EC50分别为0.22nM,0.22nM和0.19nM,三者亲和力相当。
实施例4.酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定HD2阻断VEGF与VEGFR2结合
由于VEGF通过结合到VEGFR2,是调节血管内皮细胞增殖迁移的关键步骤,而VEGF与VEGFR1结合能力强于VEGFR2。因此本实验检测了HD2阻断VEGF与VEGFR2结合的能力。
将VEGFR2用pH7.4的PBS稀释至400ng/mL,100μL/孔加入酶标板,4℃包被过夜。PBST洗板2次,200μl/孔加入PBS+2%BSA进行封闭,37℃放置1小时后PBST洗板2次待用,用含1%BSA的PBS稀释VEGF至4nM,再用含4nM,1%BSA的PBS稀释待检样品,起始浓度200nM,逐级三倍稀释12个梯度。100μl/孔加入封闭后的酶标板,37℃放置1小时,PBST洗板2次,用PBS+1%BSA稀释生物素化的VEGF抗体至0.2μg/mL,100μl/孔加入酶标板,37℃放置1小时后PBST洗板2次。加入HRP标记的链霉亲和素(SA),37℃孵育30min,PBST洗板三次并拍干,每孔加入100μlTMB,室温(20±5℃)避光放置5分钟,每孔加入50μl的2MH2SO4终止底物反应,酶标仪450nm处读取OD值。GraphPad Prism7进行数据分析,作图并计算IC50,实验结果如图4所示,抗体融合蛋白HD2和阳性对照Fc-D2阻断VEGF与VEGFR2结合的IC50,分别为1.587nM和1.466nM,两者阻断能力相当。
实施例5.检测HD2对靶细胞BT474的结合力
本实验以细胞表面HER2高表达的人乳腺癌细胞BT474作为靶细胞,用含有0.5%BSA的PBS洗涤三次,每次300g离心5分钟,弃上清,0.5%BSA的PBS重悬细胞,细胞浓度为1×106细胞/mL,100μL/孔加入96孔板,将抗体融合蛋白HD2及阳性对照HER2单抗稀释为400nM,逐级稀释11个梯度,100μL/孔加入96孔板,将BT474细胞混合均匀,4℃孵育1h,PBS洗涤细胞两次以去除未结合的待检抗体,再将细胞与1∶1000稀释的羊抗人IgG-FITC于4℃孵育30分钟,300g离心5分钟,PBS洗涤细胞两次以去除未结合的二抗,最后将细胞重悬在200μl PBS中,通过Beckman Coulter CytoFLEX流式细胞仪测定HD2对该细胞的结合亲和力。所得数据通过GraphPad Prism7软件拟合分析,实验结果如图5所示,抗体融合蛋白HD2和阳性对照HER2单抗与BT474细胞结合的EC50分别为1.238nM和1.054nM,HD2和阳性对照HER2单抗与BT474亲和力相当。
实施例6.HD2对HER2阳性肿瘤细胞的体外增殖抑制以及协同作用
NCI-N87,SK-OV3,SK-BR3,BT474肿瘤细胞表面均有HER2抗原表达,加入抗HER2抗体可以抑制其增殖。
HD2协同作用机制:有些肿瘤细胞培养上清中分泌有VEGF,可能对肿瘤细胞的增殖起一定作用。并且有些肿瘤细胞表面有受体VEGFR2表达。HD2可以与VEGFR2竞争结合VEGF,肿瘤细胞的增殖可能由此受到一定程度的抑制作用。
ELISA检测肿瘤细胞VEGF分泌:取贴壁培养的NCI-N87,BT474细胞培养三天的上清,进行检测。ELISA步骤为:HER2-His抗原50ng/孔包酶标板,4℃孵育过夜后PBST洗板2次。用PBS加1%BSA稀释HD2,加入酶标板,200ng/孔,37℃孵育1小时后PBST洗板2次。加待检样品,空白培养基,NCI-N87培养上清,BT474培养上清,VEGF-A165标准品(200nM起始,逐级三倍稀释11个梯度),37℃孵育1小时后PBST洗板2次。加Bio-anti-hVEGF,按1∶500稀释,37℃孵育1小时后PBST洗板2次。加HRP标记的链霉亲和素,按1∶5000稀释,37℃孵育1小时后PBST洗板3次,在吸水纸上尽量拍干残留液滴。每孔加入100μlTMB,室温(20±5℃)避光放置5分钟,每孔加入50μl的2MH2SO4终止底物反应,酶标仪450nm处读取OD值。根据VEGF-A165标准曲线,标定NCI-N87,BT474细胞培养上清中,VEGF分泌约为1-1.5ng/mL。
FACS检测肿瘤细胞表面受体VEGFR2:将贴壁培养的对数生长期细胞NCI-N87,SK-OV3,SK-BR3,BT474用胰酶消化,300g离心5分钟弃上清,用PBS重悬为106cells/mL,100μL/孔铺96孔细胞培养板。加入抗VEGFR2抗体(本公司自制),600nM起始,三倍稀释。4℃孵育1小时后PBS洗涤细胞两次。将细胞与1∶1000稀释的羊抗人IgG-FITC于4℃孵育30分钟后,PBS洗涤细胞两次,最后将细胞重悬在200μl PBS中,通过Beckman Coulter CytoFLEX流式细胞仪测定抗VEGFR2抗体对该细胞的结合亲和力。所得数据通过GraphPad Prism7软件拟合分析,实验结果如图6A,6B,6C,6D所示。数据显示NCI-N87,SK-OV3,SK-BR3这三株细胞表面有VEGFR2表达,其表达量高低为:NCI-N87>SK-OV3>SK-BR3。BT474细胞几乎检测不到VEGFR2表达。
细胞增殖抑制检测:将贴壁培养的对数生长期细胞NCI-N87,SK-OV3,SK-BR3,BT474用胰酶消化,重悬后进行计数,用含1%FBS的培养基调整细胞密度,铺96孔细胞培养板,100μL/孔。其中NCI-N87为10000个/孔,BT474,SK-OV3,SK-BR3分别为5000个/孔。周圈加入200μL/孔的培养基或PBS封边,放置37℃,5%CO2培养箱中培养过夜。次日加入待检抗体。将HD2,HER2单抗,HER2单抗+FcD2三组样品,用含1%FBS的培养基稀释配制为300nM溶液,再逐级3倍稀释,共计10个梯度。另设一板1500nM起始浓度的FcD2的抑制实验作为对照。将稀释好的样品,100μL/孔加入到对应的96孔板细胞中,置于37℃、5%CO2的培养箱内继续培养6天。孵育6天的细胞培养板,加入10μL/孔的CCK-8显色,放入CO2培养箱中继续孵育2~5h,酶标仪以650nm为参比波长,450nm下测定OD值。所得数据通过GraphPad Prism7软件分析,实验结果如图6E,6F,6G,6H所示。
结果显示,HD2对SK-BR3,SK-OV3,NCI-N87的增殖抑制作用均优于HER2单抗及HER2单抗+FcD2,而FcD2对肿瘤细胞没有抑制作用。这说明HD2融合蛋白发挥了协同作用,HD2与HER2阳性肿瘤细胞结合的同时,HD2的VEGFR1-D2结构域与肿瘤细胞表面受体VEGFR2竞争结合VEGF,肿瘤细胞的增殖可能由此受到一定程度的抑制。对于几乎检测不到VEGFR2表达的BT474细胞,则检测不到HD2比HER2单抗对肿瘤细胞更强的抑制效果。
实施例7.HD2和HD2-2aa对细胞HUVEC体外增殖抑制作用
VEGF可以刺激HUVEC(Human umbilical vein endothelial cell)增殖。HD2通过结合VEGF,抑制细胞HUVEC体外增殖。
将培养的HUVEC用胰酶消化,重悬后进行细胞计数,细胞活率在95%以上,用无菌PBS洗一次,再用含0.5%FBS的ECM基础培养基重悬至3×104细胞/mL,100μL/孔加入96孔细胞培养板的中间60孔,其余用培养基补齐,放置37℃,5%CO2培养箱培养过夜。次日,用含0.5%FBS的ECM基础培养基,稀释VEGF至60ng/mL,用此溶液配制待检样品,HD2,HD2-2aa,Fc-D2,阴性对照IgG1起始浓度400nM,逐级三倍稀释10个梯度,加入中间铺有HUVEC的96孔板,37℃,5%CO2培养箱培养三天后,吸去上清,加入10μL/孔的CCK-8显色,继续培养4-8小时,酶标仪以650nm为参比波长,450nm下测定OD值。所得数据通过GraphPad Prism7软件分析,实验结果如图7所示,HD2,HD2-2aa和阳性对照Fc-D2的IC50分别为0.42nM,0.51nM和0.61nM,三者抑制率相当,阴性对照IgG1抗体对HUVEC的增殖没有抑制作用。
实施例8.Octet测定HD2对抗原的亲和解离常数KD
使用proteinA捕获法测定HD2和抗原HER2-ECD-his结合解离的动力学参数,将浓度为5μg/ml的HD2结合在Protein A芯片上,将抗原HER2-ECD-his用1×HBS工作液稀释,设6个浓度梯度与抗体结合,于HBS工作液中解离。
使用proteinA捕获法测定HD2和抗原VEGF-A165结合解离的动力学参数,将浓度为5μg/ml的HD2结合在Protein A芯片上,将抗原VEGF用1×HBS工作液稀释,设6个浓度梯度与抗体结合,于HBS工作液中解离。
HD2与两组抗原的亲和解离常数见下表,结果表明,HD2与抗原HER2和VEGF有良好的亲和力。
表1
抗原 | 样品 | kon(1/Ms) | kdis(1/s) | KD(M) |
VEGF-A165 | HD2 | 2.26E+06 | 9.35E-05 | 4.13E-11 |
HER2-ECD-His | HD2 | 3.72E+05 | 2.05E-04 | 5.51E-10 |
KD为亲和力常数;kon为结合速率常数;kdis为解离速率常数。
实施例9.抗体融合蛋白HD2的药代动力学研究
取4只SD大鼠,体重200g左右,每只大鼠通过尾静脉注射剂量为2mg的抗体融合蛋白HD2。分别在给药后的间隔时间眼眶取血,血液自然凝固后8000rpm/min离心取血清。HD2的血清中药物浓度采用以下方法检测:
1)HER2-His包被ELISA板,50ng/孔,4℃包被过夜,次日PBST洗板两次,然后用PBS+2%BSA于37℃封闭2小时。取起始浓度为1000ng/mL的HD2标准品,逐级两倍稀释12个梯度。将血清样品稀释2000倍,将以上样品加入封闭好的ELISA板,37℃孵育一小时,然后PBST洗板两次,加入HRP标记的鼠抗人Fab抗体,1∶3000稀释,100μL/孔。37℃孵育40min。PBST洗板4次,拍干,每孔加入100μl的TMB,室温(20±5℃)避光放置5分钟,每孔加入50μl2M的H2SO4终止液终止底物反应,酶标仪450nm处读取OD值。
2)proteinA包被ELISA板,检测抗体Fab段,proteinA包被量为100ng/孔,4℃过夜,次日PBST洗板两次,然后用PBS+2%BSA于37℃封闭2小时。PBST洗板两次,HD2标准品从1000ng/mL起始,逐级两倍稀释12个梯度。大鼠血清样品稀释2000倍,以上两组样品加入封闭后的ELISA板,孵育1小时,PBST洗板两次后加入HRP标记的鼠抗人Fab抗体,37℃放置30分钟,PBST洗板3次后,在吸水纸上尽量拍干残留液滴,每孔加入100μl的TMB,室温(20±5℃)避光放置5分钟,每孔加入50μl2M的H2SO4终止液终止底物反应,酶标仪450nm处读取OD值。
用Phoenix软件计算抗体药物在大鼠体内的半衰期,药代动力学参数见下表,实验结果如图8A,8B所示,用两种ELISA方法检测的大鼠体内半衰期分别为183h和203h,两种ELISA方法计算得到的半衰期结果相差不大,说明数据可靠。
用HER2检测,计算HD2的半衰期见下表。
表2
大鼠 | HL_Lambda_z(hr) | Cmax(ug/mL) |
1 | 207.19207 | 86.5 |
2 | 220.68823 | 73.5 |
3 | 148.78511 | 68.5 |
4 | 157.4815 | 68.5 |
平均 | 183h |
用proteinA检测,计算HD2的半衰期见下表:
表3
大鼠 | HL_Lambda_z(hr) | Cmax(ug/mL) |
1 | 159.76559 | 74 |
2 | 159.58479 | 73 |
3 | 261.44609 | 59 |
4 | 230.41973 | 53 |
平均 | 203h |
实施例10.HD2在NCI-N87移植瘤模型上的抗肿瘤作用
人胃癌细胞株NCI-N87,细胞表面表达HER2抗原,HER2抗体与其结合,可以阻断细胞信号通路,抑制肿瘤增殖。收集体外培养的人胃癌细胞株NCI-N87细胞,将细胞浓度调整为5×107细胞/mL,重悬于无血清培养基中,在无菌条件下,接种100μL细胞悬液于裸小鼠背部皮下,用游标卡尺测量移植瘤长与宽,计算肿瘤体积,待肿瘤生长至100-200mm3后将动物随机分组。待检样品HD2的用药剂量分为两组,17mg/kg,1.7mg/kg,阳性对照药HER2单抗单药的剂量为15mg/kg,与HD2等摩尔量。对照组给以相同体积的PBS,给药方式为腹腔给药,给药体积为0.2mL/鼠(20g),每周给药两次,连续给药三周,每周测量2次移植瘤体积。实验结果如图9所示,在NCI-N87裸小鼠移植瘤模型上,抗体融合蛋白HD2体现体内抗肿瘤活性,且存在剂量依赖关系,HD2融合蛋白与相同摩尔浓度的HER2单抗相比,抑瘤效果优于HER2单抗,说明HD2的VEGFR1的第二膜外区D2结构域发挥了协同抗肿瘤作用。
实施例11.HD2的热稳定性研究
实验使用MicroCal VP-Capillary DSC,用0.22um滤膜将样品及其缓冲液过滤,分别取400μl样品及其匹配缓冲液置于96孔板中,样品在25℃-100℃条件下扫描,扫描速率为每小时120℃,HD2保存在pH7.4的PBS中。DSC检测HD2的Tm值见表4,图谱见图10A,由此可知,抗体融合蛋白HD2较稳定,后续的37℃稳定性实验结果也验证了这一点。
表4:HD2的DSC数值
样品号 | Tm Onset | Tm1 | Tm2 |
HD2 | 67.2 | 72.2 | 82.2 |
Fc-D2 | 63.77 | 71.3 | 82.1 |
37℃稳定性实验:将HD2融合蛋白透析到Ph7.4的PBS缓冲液中,调整浓度为2mg/mL,放于37℃温箱中,间隔时间取样,HPLC-SEC检测纯度。结果在14天时,HPLC-SEC纯度几乎没有变化,为97%,28天的HPLC-SEC检测结果,HPLC-SEC纯度稍有下降,为95%,说明HD2融合蛋白较稳定。HPLC-SEC图谱见图10B。
采用上述相同的方法,测定抗体融合蛋白HD2-2aa阻断VEGF与VEGFR2结合的能力、对靶细胞的结合力、对肿瘤细胞的体外增殖抑制以及协同作用及热稳定性,实验结论与上述相同。
由上述实验可知,本发明提供的抗体融合蛋白对抗原和靶细胞的亲和力与单克隆抗体相当;同时具有良好的生物学活性,能抑制HER2阳性肿瘤细胞的增殖,在NCI-N87,SK-BR3,SK-OV3肿瘤细胞上表现出优于HER2单抗及HER2单抗+FcD2的抑制作用;同时能抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞HUVEC的增殖。小鼠肿瘤模型上的检测结果表明,相同摩尔浓度的本发明的抗体融合蛋白具有优于HER2单抗的抑制肿瘤增殖的效应;并且该抗体融合蛋白稳定性强,具有广阔应用前景。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 三生国健药业(上海)股份有限公司
<120> 一种抗体融合蛋白及其制法和在抗肿瘤中的应用
<130> SH363-20P450146
<160> 16
<170> PatentIn version 3.5
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tatatttgca acgtgaatca caagcccagc aacaccaagg tcgataagaa ggtggagcct 660
aagtcctgcg acaagaccca cacatgtccc ccctgtcccg ctcctgaact gctgggaggc 720
ccttccgtgt tcctgttccc ccctaagccc aaggacaccc tgatgatttc caggacaccc 780
gaggtgacct gtgtggtggt ggacgtcagc cacgaggacc ccgaggtgaa attcaactgg 840
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tatatttgca acgtgaatca caagcccagc aacaccaagg tcgataagaa ggtggagcct 660
aagtcctgcg acaagaccca cacatgtccc ccctgtcccg ctcctgaact gctgggaggc 720
ccttccgtgt tcctgttccc ccctaagccc aaggacaccc tgatgatttc caggacaccc 780
gaggtgacct gtgtggtggt ggacgtcagc cacgaggacc ccgaggtgaa attcaactgg 840
tacgtcgatg gcgtggaggt gcacaacgct aagaccaagc ccagggagga gcagtacaat 900
tccacctaca gggtggtgtc cgtgctgacc gtcctccatc aggactggct gaacggcaaa 960
gagtataagt gcaaggtgag caacaaggcc ctccctgctc ccatcgagaa gaccatcagc 1020
aaagccaagg gccagcccag ggaacctcaa gtctataccc tgcctcccag cagggaggag 1080
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gccgtcgagt gggagtccaa cggacagccc gagaacaact acaagacaac accccccgtg 1200
ctcgattccg atggcagctt cttcctgtac tccaagctga ccgtggacaa gtccagatgg 1260
caacaaggca acgtcttcag ttgcagcgtc atgcatgagg ccctccacaa ccactacacc 1320
cagaagagcc tctccctgag ccctggaaag ggcggtgggg gaagtggagg cggtgggagc 1380
gacaccggca ggcccttcgt ggagatgtac agcgaaatcc ccgaaatcat ccacatgacc 1440
gagggcaggg agctggtgat cccgtgcagg gtgaccagcc ccaacatcac cgtgaccctg 1500
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aagggcttca tcatcagcaa cgccacctac aaggagatcg gcctgctgac ctgcgaggcc 1620
accgtcaacg gccacctgta caagaccaac tacctgaccc acaggcagac caat 1674
Claims (12)
1.一种能同时阻断HER2和VEGFR信号通路的抗体融合蛋白,其特征在于,其包含抗HER2单克隆抗体IgG和VEGFR1的D2结构域,VEGFR1的D2结构域通过肽接头L连接至IgG重链的C末端;
所述抗体融合蛋白的重链氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:10所示,轻链氨基酸序列如SEQ IDNO:11所示;
或所述抗体融合蛋白的重链的核酸序列如SEQ ID NO:16所示,轻链的核酸序列如SEQID NO:13所示。
2.一种核苷酸分子,所述核苷酸分子编码如权利要求1任一所述的抗体融合蛋白。
3.如权利要求2所述的核苷酸分子,其特征在于,所述核苷酸分子编码抗体融合蛋白的重链的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:12所示,编码其轻链的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:13所示。
4.如权利要求2所述的核苷酸分子,其特征在于,所述核苷酸分子编码抗体融合蛋白的重链的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:16所示,编码其轻链的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:13所示。
5.一种表达载体,其特征在于,所述表达载体含有权利要求2-4任一所述的核苷酸分子。
6.根据权利要求5所述的表达载体,其特征在于,所述表达载体选自pDR1,pcDNA3.4(+),pDHFR或pTT5。
7.一种宿主细胞,所述宿主细胞含有权利要求5所述的表达载体。
8.根据权利要求7所述的宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞是真核细胞。
9.根据权利要求8所述的宿主细胞,其特征在于,所述宿主细胞选自CHO细胞和293E细胞。
10.一种如权利要求1所述的抗体融合蛋白的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
a)在表达条件下,培养如权利要求7-9任一项所述的宿主细胞,从而表达能能同时阻断HER2和VEGFR信号通路的抗体融合蛋白;
b)分离并纯化步骤a)所述的抗体融合蛋白。
11.一种组合物,所述组合物包含权利要求1所述的抗体融合蛋白和一种或多种药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂。
12.权利要求1所述的抗体融合蛋白、或权利要求11所述的药物组合物在制备药物中的应用,其特征在于所述药物用于治疗肿瘤。
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