CN114423426A - 用于治疗癌症的ezh2抑制联合疗法 - Google Patents
用于治疗癌症的ezh2抑制联合疗法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114423426A CN114423426A CN202080066601.6A CN202080066601A CN114423426A CN 114423426 A CN114423426 A CN 114423426A CN 202080066601 A CN202080066601 A CN 202080066601A CN 114423426 A CN114423426 A CN 114423426A
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Abstract
本文提供了使用7‑氯‑2‑(4‑(3‑甲氧基氮杂环丁烷‑1‑基)环己基)‑2,4‑二甲基‑N‑((6‑甲基‑4‑(甲硫基)‑2‑氧代‑1,2‑二氢吡啶‑3‑基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯‑5‑甲酰胺或其药学上可接受的盐治疗晚期复发性实体瘤的方法。本文还提供了使用7‑氯‑2‑(4‑(3‑甲氧基氮杂环丁烷‑1‑基)环己基)‑2,4‑二甲基‑N‑((6‑甲基‑4‑(甲硫基)‑2‑氧代‑1,2‑二氢吡啶‑3‑基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯‑5‑甲酰胺;或其药学上可接受的盐;和选自拓扑异构酶抑制剂、DNA烷基化剂和雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂的第二药剂治疗癌症(例如实体瘤)的方法。
Description
相关申请
本申请要求2019年7月24日提交的美国临时申请第62/878,021号的优先权,其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
背景技术
EZH2(Zeste同系物2的增强子)是一种组蛋白赖氨酸甲基转移酶,其与血液学和非血液学恶性肿瘤的发病机制有关。EZH2催化组蛋白3的一个、两个和三个甲基基团转移到赖氨酸27(H3K27)。EZH2是被称为polycomb抑制复合物2(PRC2)的较大多蛋白复合物的催化组分,其通常在转录抑制中起作用(Margueron,R和Reinberg,D.(2011).“Polycomb复合物PRC2及其生命标志(The Polycomb complex PRC2 and its mark in life).《自然(Nature)》469,343–349)。尽管在许多情况下,通过PRC2的转录沉默取决于EZH2的催化活性,但很明显,PRC2复合物与某些基因的物理关联在转录抑制中也很重要。PRC2复合物可以可替代地含有EZH2的密切相关的同系物,其被称为EZH1。PRC2复合物的这两个催化亚基是已知唯一催化H3K27甲基化的酶。除了其催化活性外,EZH1和EZH2是多结构域蛋白质,其通过蛋白质-蛋白质和蛋白质-核酸相互作用介导其他生物学效应。H3K27二甲基化和三甲基化(H3K27me2和H3K27me3)与转录抑制基因很好地相关,但在转录活性基因上发现了H3K27单甲基化(H3K27me1)(Barski,A等人(2007).“人类基因组中组蛋白甲基化的高分辨率图谱(High-resolution profiling of histone methylations in the human genome)”.《细胞(Cell)》129,823–837;Ferrari,K.J等人.(2014).“Polycomb依赖性H3K27me1和H3K27me2调节活性转录和增强子保真度(Polycomb-dependent H3K27me1 and H3K27me2 regulateactive transcription and enhancer fidelity).《分子细胞(Mol.Cell)》53,49–62.)。最近的基因研究表明,含EZH1的PRC2控制H3K27me1水平(Hidalgo,I等人(2012).“Ezh1是造血干细胞维持所必需的并且防止衰老样细胞周期停滞(Ezh1 is required forhematopoietic stem cell maintenance and prevents senescence-like cell cyclearrest)”.《细胞-干细胞(Cell Stem Cell)》11,649–662;Xie,H等人.(2014).“Polycomb抑制复合物2以发育阶段特异性方式调节正常造血干细胞功能(Polycomb repressivecomplex 2regulates normal hematopoietic stem cell function in adevelopmental-stage-specific manner)”.《细胞-干细胞》14,68–80.)。这与推测的EZH1在转录延伸中的作用一致(Mousavi,K等人.(2012).“Polycomb蛋白Ezh1促进RNA聚合酶II延伸(Polycomb protein Ezh1 promotes RNA polymerase II elongation)”.《分子细胞(Mol.Cell)》45,255–262.)。因此,依赖于PRC2的H3K27甲基转移酶活性与转录抑制和激活有关,这取决于复合物的组成。
EZH2(而不是EZH1)在人类癌症中被频繁过表达。癌症中EZH2过表达的分子基础包括(1)编码EZH2的基因座的基因组扩增(Tiffen,J等人.(2016).“EZH2的体细胞拷贝数扩增和超激活体细胞突变与DNA甲基化相关,并且驱动黑色素瘤中参与肿瘤抑制和免疫应答的基因的表观遗传学沉默(Somatic Copy Number Amplification and HyperactivatingSomatic Mutations of EZH2 Correlate With DNA Methylation and Drive EpigeneticSilencing of Genes Involved in Tumor Suppression and Immune Responses inMelanoma)”.Neoplasia 18(2),121-132.,Ding,L等人(2006).“鉴定EZH2作为形态学正常乳腺组织中癌前状态的分子标记物(Identification of EZH2 as a molecular markerfor a precancerous state in morphologically normal breast tissues)”.《癌症研究(Cancer Research)》66(8),4095-4099.,Saramaki,O.R等人.(2006).“zeste同系物2(EZH2)的polycomb群蛋白增强子的基因在晚期前列腺癌中扩增(The gene for polycombgroup protein enhancer of zeste homolog 2(EZH2)is amplified in late-stageprostate cancer)”.《基因染色体癌症(Genes Chromosomes Cancer)》45(7),639-645),(2)减弱EZH2表达的microRNA的缺失和表观遗传学沉默(Varambally,S等人(2008).“microRNA-101的基因组缺失会导致组蛋白甲基转移酶EZH2在癌症中过度表达(Genomicloss of microRNA-101 leads to overexpression of histone methyltransferaseEZH2 in cancer)”.《科学(Science)》322(5908),1695-1699)和(3)由转录因子的E2F家族施加的基因控制的失调(Santos,M等人(2014).“Rb-E2F-Ezh2信号传导环路的体内破坏会导致膀胱癌(In vivo disruption of an Rb-E2F-Ezh2 signaling loop causes bladdercancer)”.《癌症研究(Cancer Research)》74(22),6565-6577.,Coe,B.P等人.(2013).“E2F/Rb通路的基因组失调导致小细胞肺癌中癌基因EZH2的激活(Genomic deregulationof the E2F/Rb pathway leads to activation of the oncogene EZH2 in small celllung cancer)”.《公共科学图书馆·综合(PLoS One)》8(8),e71670.,Bracken,A.P等人.(2003).“EZH2位于pRB-E2F通路的下游,对增殖至关重要并在癌症中扩增(EZH2 isdownstream of the pRB-E2F pathway,essential for proliferation and amplifiedin cancer)”.《欧洲分子生物学学报(EMBO J)》22(20),5323-5335),诸如如在RB1基因缺失的情况下。因此,在癌症中存在几种导致EZH2过表达的复发性基因组畸变,这证明增加的EZH2水平促进了肿瘤进展。为此,EZH2已经与多种癌症靶点诸如血液恶性肿瘤和实体瘤相关联。参见例如WO 2014/124418。
由于其抗肿瘤活性和在PRC2复合物中的长停留时间(约101天)而受到关注的EZH2抑制剂是7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺。参见例如PCT/US2019/027932,其内容通过引用并入本文。鉴于其治疗潜力和疾病诸如癌症的流行,需要存在这一化合物的替代治疗用途,例如用于基于联合的治疗。
发明内容
本文提供了用7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺或其药学上可接受的盐,和选自拓扑异构酶抑制剂、DNA烷基化剂和雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂的第二药剂治疗癌症的方法。
本文还提供了使用7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺或其药学上可接受的盐作为单一疗法治疗晚期复发性实体瘤的方法。
本文还提供了药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺,或其药学上可接受的盐,和选自拓扑异构酶抑制剂、DNA烷基化剂和雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂的第二药剂;以及任选地药学上可接受的载体。
附图说明
图1A示出了顺铂敏感和耐药的A2780(卵巢癌)和HT1376(膀胱癌)细胞系对用顺铂的单次治疗的表型应答。显示的数据是平均值(SEM)的平均细胞活力±标准误差,n=2-3,并且代表重复独立实验。
图1B示出了顺铂敏感和耐药的A2780(卵巢癌)和HT1376(膀胱癌)细胞系对用化合物1的单一治疗的表型应答。显示的数据是平均值(SEM)的平均细胞活力±标准误差,n=2-3,并且代表重复独立实验。
图2A示出了顺铂单独和与化合物1的剂量滴定组合在顺铂敏感和耐药的A2780卵巢癌细胞系中的代表性生长曲线。代表重复独立实验;显示平均值±SD。
图2B示出了在A2780-P和A2780-CR中顺铂的亚GI50剂量和16nM化合物1的亚GI50剂量的组合。代表重复独立实验;显示平均值±SD。
图3A示出了顺铂单独和与化合物1的剂量滴定组合在顺铂敏感和耐药的HT1376膀胱癌细胞系中的代表性生长曲线。代表重复独立实验;显示平均值±SD。
图3B示出了在HT1376-DMF和HT1376-CR中顺铂和化合物1的近GI50剂量的组合。代表重复独立实验;显示平均值±SD。
图4说明了化合物1、顺铂和两者的组合在CB17 SCID小鼠的HT1376肿瘤中的抗肿瘤作用。所示的数据为平均肿瘤大小±SEM,n=6。PO=口服施用,IV=静脉内施用,QD=每天一次,QW=每周一次。
图5说明了化合物1、恩杂鲁胺(enzalutamide)和两者的组合在前列腺癌的CTG-2428患者衍生的异种移植物(PDX)模型中的抗肿瘤作用。所示的数据为平均肿瘤大小±SEM,n=5/臂。箭头表示由于达到最大肿瘤体积而导致的计划外死亡或动物终止,n表示每臂剩余的动物。PO=口服施用,QD=每天一次。
图6说明了化合物1、恩杂鲁胺和两者的组合在前列腺癌的CTG-2440PDX模型中的抗肿瘤作用。所示的数据为平均肿瘤大小±SEM,PO=口服施用,QD=每天一次。箭头表示由于最大肿瘤体积导致的组合臂的动物死亡和单个动物脱下材料,导致组大小的减小,n=臂中剩余的动物。
图7说明了化合物1、恩杂鲁胺和两者的组合在前列腺癌的CTG-2441PDX模型中的抗肿瘤作用。所示的数据为平均肿瘤大小±SEM,n=5。箭头表示动物死亡,导致组大小的减小,n=臂中剩余的动物。PO=口服施用,QD=每天一次。
具体实施方式
在第一实施例中,提供了治疗受试者的癌症的方法,包括向所述受试者施用有效量的7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺;或其药学上可接受的盐;和有效量的选自拓扑异构酶抑制剂和雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂的第二药剂。可替代地,作为第一实施例的一部分,提供了有效量的7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺,或其药学上可接受的盐,和有效量的选自拓扑异构酶抑制剂和雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂的第二药剂,用于制备治疗受试者的癌症的药物的用途。在另一个替代方案中,作为第一实施例的一部分,提供了有效量的7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺;或其药学上可接受的盐;和有效量的选自拓扑异构酶抑制剂和雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂的第二药剂,用于治疗受试者的癌症。
7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺具有以下化学式:
并且公开在国际申请号PCT/US2019/027932中,其内容通过引用并入本文。“化合物1”可与7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺互换使用,并且各自包括立体异构和几何形式。
本发明方法的拓扑异构酶抑制剂是指阻断拓扑异构酶(包括拓扑异构酶I和II)的作用的化学或生物药剂。作为第二实施例的一部分,本发明方法的拓扑异构酶抑制剂(例如,如在第一实施例中)包括但不限于,伊立替康、拓扑替康、喜树碱、片螺素(lamellarin)、依托泊苷、替尼泊苷、阿霉素、柔红霉素、米托蒽醌、安吖啶、玫瑰树碱类(ellipticines)、金精三羧酸、HU-331、表柔比星、戊柔比星、伊达比星、匹杉琼、替尼泊苷、贝洛替康、吉马替康、茚并替康(indotecan)、因蒂米替康(indimitecan)。可替代地,作为第二实施例的一部分,本发明方法的拓扑异构酶抑制剂(例如,如在第一实施例中)是拓扑异构酶I抑制剂。在另一个替代方案中,作为第二实施例的一部分,本发明方法的拓扑异构酶抑制剂(例如,如在第一实施例中)是伊立替康。在另一个替代方案中,作为第二实施例的一部分,本发明方法的拓扑异构酶抑制剂(例如,如在第一实施例中)是拓扑替康。
本发明方法的DNA烷基化剂是指通过防止DNA的链正常连接而起作用的化学或生物药剂。作为第三实施例的一部分,本发明方法的DNA烷基化剂(例如,如在第一实施例中)选自白消安、环磷酰胺、苯达莫司汀(bendmustine)、卡铂、苯丁酸氮芥、环磷酰胺、顺铂、替莫唑胺、美法仑、卡莫司汀、洛莫司汀、达卡巴嗪、奥沙利铂、异环磷酰胺、噻替哌、曲贝替定、六甲蜜胺、二氯甲基二乙胺(mechlorethamine)、甲苄肼和链脲佐菌素。可替代地,作为第三实施例的一部分,本发明方法的DNA烷基化剂(例如,如在第一实施例中)是顺铂。
本发明方法中的雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂是指阻断雄激素受体(AR)并抑制或压制雄激素产生的化学或生物药剂。作为第四实施例的一部分,本发明方法的雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂(例如,如在第一实施例中)选自比卡鲁胺、恩杂鲁胺、阿帕鲁胺(apalutamide)、氟他胺、尼鲁米特(nilutamide)、达洛鲁胺(darolutamide)和醋酸阿比特龙(其中醋酸阿比特龙可以单独被包括或与泼尼松联合被包括)。可替代地,作为第四实施例的一部分,本发明方法的雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂(如在第一实施例中)是恩杂鲁胺。在另一个替代方案中,作为第四实施例的一部分,本发明方法的雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂(例如,如在第一实施例中)是醋酸阿比特龙(其中醋酸阿比特龙可以单独被包括或与泼尼松联合被包括)。
如本文所用,术语“治疗(treatment/treat/treating)”是指逆转、减轻或抑制癌症或其一种或多种症状的进展,如本文所述。
当用于定义癌症时,术语“晚期”如在“晚期癌症”或“晚期前列腺癌”中是指所述的癌症是不可切除的,即癌症被定义为不能通过手术完全切除的癌症或癌症是转移性的,或两者。在一个方面中,“晚期癌症”意味着癌症是不可切除的。
本文所述的癌症也可以是“复发性”癌症。术语“复发性癌症”是指先前处于缓解期但已经复发,或者癌症的体征和症状已经复发的癌症。缓解包括部分缓解(癌症的一些或不是所有体征和症状已经消失)和完全缓解(癌症的所有体征和症状已经消失,尽管癌症可能仍然存在于体内)。因此,“晚期复发”的癌症意味着癌症处于缓解期并且已复发且不可切除。
通过本发明方法治疗的癌症的示例性类型(例如,如在第一、第二、第三或第四实施例中)包括,例如,肾上腺癌、腺泡细胞癌、听神经瘤、肢端慢长黑色素瘤、肢端汗腺瘤、急性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病、急性红系白血病、急性淋巴细胞白血病、急性巨核细胞白血病、急性单核细胞白血病、急性早幼粒细胞白血病、腺癌、腺样囊性癌、腺瘤、腺瘤样牙源性肿瘤、腺鳞癌、脂肪组织肿瘤、肾上腺皮质癌、成人T细胞性白血病/淋巴瘤,侵袭性NK细胞白血病、AIDS相关淋巴瘤、肺泡横纹肌肉瘤、肺泡软组织肉瘤、成釉细胞纤维瘤、间变性大细胞淋巴瘤、间变性甲状腺癌、血管免疫母细胞性T细胞淋巴瘤、血管平滑肌脂肪瘤、血管肉瘤、星形细胞瘤、非典型畸胎样横纹肌样瘤、B细胞慢性淋巴细胞白血病、B细胞前淋巴细胞白血病、B细胞淋巴瘤、基底细胞癌、胆道癌、膀胱癌、胚细胞瘤、骨癌、布伦纳瘤、布朗瘤、伯基特淋巴瘤、乳腺癌、脑癌、癌、原位癌、癌肉瘤、软骨瘤、牙骨质瘤、髓样肉瘤、软骨瘤、脊索瘤、绒毛膜癌、脉络丛乳头状瘤、肾透明细胞肉瘤、颅咽管瘤、皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤、宫颈癌、结肠直肠癌、Degos病、促结缔组织增生性小圆细胞瘤、弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤、胚胎发育不良性神经上皮瘤、无性细胞瘤、胚胎癌、内分泌腺瘤、内胚层窦瘤、肠病相关T细胞淋巴瘤、食道癌、胎中胎、纤维瘤、纤维肉瘤、滤泡性淋巴瘤、滤泡性甲状腺癌、神经节瘤、胃肠癌、生殖细胞瘤、妊娠性绒毛膜癌、巨细胞纤维母细胞瘤、骨巨细胞肿瘤、神经胶质瘤、多形性胶质母细胞瘤、神经胶质瘤、脑胶质瘤病、胰高血糖素瘤、性腺母细胞瘤、颗粒细胞瘤、两性胚细胞瘤(gynandroblastoma)、胆囊癌、胃癌、毛细胞白血病、血管母细胞瘤、头颈癌、血管外皮细胞瘤、血液恶性肿瘤、肝母细胞瘤、肝脾T细胞淋巴瘤、霍奇金淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、浸润性小叶癌、肠癌、肾癌、喉癌、恶性雀斑样痣(lentigo maligna)、致死性中线癌、白血病、莱迪希细胞瘤、脂肪肉瘤、肺癌、淋巴管瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、淋巴上皮瘤、淋巴瘤、急性淋巴细胞白血病、急性髓细胞白血病、慢性淋巴细胞白血病、肝癌、小细胞肺癌、非小细胞肺癌、MALT淋巴瘤、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、恶性周围神经鞘膜瘤、恶性蝾螈瘤(malignant triton tumor)、套细胞淋巴瘤、边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤、肥大细胞白血病、纵隔生殖细胞瘤、乳腺髓样癌、甲状腺髓样癌、髓母细胞瘤、黑色素瘤、脑膜瘤、默克尔细胞癌、间皮瘤、转移性尿路上皮癌、混合性弥勒氏瘤(mixed Mullerian tumor)、黏液性肿瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、肌肉组织肿瘤、蕈样肉芽肿、黏液样脂肪肉瘤、粘液瘤、粘液肉瘤、鼻咽癌、神经鞘瘤、神经母细胞瘤、神经纤维瘤、神经瘤、结节性黑色素瘤、眼癌、少突胶质细胞瘤、少突神经胶质瘤、嗜酸细胞瘤(oncocytoma)、视神经鞘脑膜瘤、视神经瘤、口腔癌、骨肉瘤、卵巢癌、肺上沟瘤、乳头状甲状腺癌、副神经节瘤、成松果体细胞瘤、垂体细胞瘤、垂体腺瘤、垂体瘤、浆细胞瘤、多胚细胞瘤、前体T淋巴母细胞性淋巴瘤、原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤、原发性渗出性淋巴瘤、原发性腹膜癌、前列腺癌、胰腺癌、咽癌、腹膜假粘液瘤(pseudomyxoma peritonei)、肾细胞癌、肾髓质癌、视网膜母细胞瘤、横纹肌瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、里希特变换(Richter'stransformation)、直肠癌、肉瘤、神经鞘瘤病、精原细胞瘤、支持细胞瘤、性索性腺间质瘤(sex cord gonadal stromal tumor)、印戒细胞癌(signet ring cell carcinoma)、皮肤癌、小蓝圆形细胞瘤、小细胞癌、软组织肉瘤、生长抑素瘤(somatostatinoma)、煤烟疣(sootwart)、脊柱肿瘤、脾边缘区淋巴瘤、鳞状细胞癌、滑膜肉瘤、塞扎里氏病、小肠癌、鳞状细胞癌、胃癌、T细胞淋巴瘤、睾丸癌、泡膜细胞瘤(thecoma)、甲状腺癌、移行细胞癌、喉癌、脐尿管癌、泌尿生殖系统癌、尿路上皮癌、葡萄膜黑色素瘤、转移性去势抵抗性前列腺癌、卵巢透明细胞癌、子宫癌、疣状癌、视觉通路胶质瘤、外阴癌、阴道癌、瓦尔登斯特伦巨球蛋白血症、华生氏瘤(Warthin's tumor)和威姆尔氏瘤(Wilms'tumor)。
在一个方面中,作为第五实施例的一部分,通过本发明方法治疗的癌症(例如,如在第一、第二、第三或第四实施例中)是实体瘤。如本文所述,实体瘤是指通常不含囊肿或液体区域的异常组织块。实体瘤可以是良性的或恶性的,并且通过形成它们的细胞类型进行分类。实体瘤的实例包括例如肉瘤、癌和淋巴瘤。
在一个方面中,作为第六实施例的一部分,通过本发明方法治疗的癌症(例如,如在第一、第二、第三或第四实施例中)是实体恶性肿瘤。可替代地,作为第五实施例的一部分,通过本发明方法治疗的实体瘤(例如,如在第一、第二、第三或第四实施例中)选自膀胱癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、子宫癌、肾癌、唇癌、口腔癌、肝癌、皮肤癌、肺癌、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌和胃癌或胃食管癌。在另一个替代方案中,作为第六实施例的一部分,通过本发明方法治疗的实体瘤(例如,如在第一、第二或第三实施例中)选自前列腺癌、小细胞肺癌(SCLC)、胃或胃食管结合部(GEJ)腺癌和浆液性卵巢癌。在另一个替代方案中,作为第六实施例的一部分,通过本发明方法治疗的实体瘤(例如,如在第一、第二、第三或第四实施例中)选自小细胞肺癌(SCLC)、胃或胃食管结合部(GEJ)腺癌和浆液性卵巢癌。在另一替代方案中,作为第六实施例的一部分,通过本发明方法治疗的实体瘤(例如,如第一、第二、第三或第四实施例中)是前列腺癌。在另一个替代方案中,作为第六实施例的一部分,通过本发明方法治疗的实体瘤(例如,如在第一、第二、第三或第四实施例中)选自尿路上皮癌、卵巢透明细胞癌和子宫内膜癌。
在一个方面中,作为第七实施例的一部分,通过本发明方法治疗的癌症(例如,如在第一至第六实施例中)是复发性癌症。因此,作为第六实施例的一部分,通过本发明方法治疗的癌症(例如,如在第一至第六实施例中)是复发的实体瘤,例如复发的前列腺癌、复发的小细胞肺癌(SCLC)、复发的胃或胃食管结合部(GEJ)腺癌和复发的浆液性卵巢癌。
在一个方面中,本文所述的癌症(例如,如在第四至第七实施例中)是晚期癌症,例如,晚期前列腺癌、晚期小细胞肺癌(SCLC)、晚期胃或胃食管结合部(GEJ)腺癌和晚期浆液性卵巢癌。
除非另有说明,否则本文所述的施用包括在施用本文所述的公开的拓扑异构酶抑制剂或雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂之前、同时或之后施用7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺(例如,如在第一、第二、第三或第四实施例中)以治疗所列举的癌症(例如,如在第五至第七实施例中)。因此,出于治疗目的,无需同时施用。然而,在一个方面中,7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺与拓扑异构酶抑制剂或雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂同时施用。
在第八实施例中,本文提供了使用7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺或其药学上可接受的盐治疗晚期复发性实体瘤的方法。可替代地,作为第七实施例的一部分,提供了有效量的7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于治疗受试者的晚期复发性实体瘤的药物中的用途。在另一个替代方案中,作为第八实施例的一部分,提供了有效量的7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺或其药学上可接受的盐,用于治疗受试者的晚期复发性实体瘤。
本文所述的晚期复发性实体瘤(例如,第七实施例中的那些实体瘤)包括但不限于晚期复发性尿路上皮癌、晚期复发性卵巢透明细胞癌和晚期复发性子宫内膜癌。
在第九实施例中,本文提供了药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含有效量的7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺或其药学上可接受的盐;和有效量的选自拓扑异构酶抑制剂和雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂的第二药剂;以及任选地药学上可接受的载体。还包括包含有效量的7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺或其药学上可接受的盐;和有效量的选自拓扑异构酶抑制剂和雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂的第二药剂;以及任选地药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物用于治疗本文所述的一种或多种癌症的用途(例如,如在第五至第七实施例中)。还提供了包含7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺或其药学上可接受的盐的药物组合物用于治疗晚期复发性实体瘤的用途。
在一个方面中,7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺具有结晶形式1,其特征在于在选自10.0°、13.3°、14.9°、20.2°、20.8°、22.2°和22.5°的2θ角处的至少三个X射线粉末衍射峰。可替代地,7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺具有结晶形式1,其特征在于在选自10.0°、13.3°、14.9°、20.2°、20.8°、22.2°和22.5°的2θ角处的至少四个X射线粉末衍射峰。在另一个替代方案中,7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺具有结晶形式1,其特征在于在选自10.0°、13.3°、14.9°、20.2°、20.8°、22.2°和22.5°的2θ角处的至少五个X射线粉末衍射峰。在另一个替代方案中,7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺具有结晶形式1,其特征在于在选自10.0°、13.3°、14.9°、20.2°、20.8°、22.2°和22.5°的2θ角处的至少六个X射线粉末衍射峰。在另一个替代方案中,7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺具有结晶形式1,其特征在于在选自10.0°、13.3°、14.9°、20.2°、20.8°、22.2°和22.5°的2θ角处的X射线粉末衍射峰。在另一个替代方案中,7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺具有结晶形式1,其特征在于在选自10.0°、10.2°、12.3°、12.7°、13.3°、14.9°、15.3°、20.2°、20.8°、21.3°、22.2°、22.5°和23.8°的2θ角处的X射线粉末衍射峰。在另一个替代方案中,7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺具有结晶形式1,其特征在于在选自10.0°、10.2°、11.0°、11.4°、11.8°、12.3°、12.7°、13.3°、14.9°、15.3°、16.1°、17.4°、20.2°、20.8°、21.3°、22.2°、22.5°和23.8°的2θ角处的X射线粉末衍射峰。在另一个替代方案中,7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺具有结晶形式1,其特征在于在选自14.9°、20.2°和20.8°的2θ角处的x射线粉末衍射峰。在另一个替代方案中,7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺具有结晶形式1,其特征在于在选自10.0°、14.9°、20.2°和20.8°的2θ角处的x射线粉末衍射峰。在另一个替代方案中,7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺具有结晶形式1,其特征在于在选自10.0°、14.9°、20.2°、20.8°和22.2°的2θ角处的x射线粉末衍射峰。在另一个替代方案中,7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺具有结晶形式1,其特征在于在选自10.0°、13.3°、14.9°、20.2°、20.8°和22.2°的2θ角处的x射线粉末衍射峰。
在一个方面,本文所述的7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺是(2R)-7-氯-2-(反式-4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺。
术语“药学上可接受的载体”是指无毒的载体、佐剂或媒介物,其不会不利地影响与其一起配制的化合物的药理学活性,并且其对人类使用也是安全的。可以用于本公开的组合物的药学上可接受的载体、佐剂或媒介物包括但不限于离子交换剂、氧化铝、硬脂酸铝、硬脂酸镁、卵磷脂、血清蛋白诸如人血清白蛋白、缓冲物质诸如磷酸盐、甘氨酸、山梨酸、山梨酸钾、饱和植物脂肪酸的偏甘油酯混合物、水、盐或电解质诸如鱼精蛋白硫酸盐、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢钾、氯化钠、锌盐、胶体二氧化硅、三硅酸镁、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、基于纤维素的物质(例如微晶纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、乳糖一水合物、十二烷基硫酸钠和交联羧甲基纤维素钠)、聚乙二醇、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚丙烯酸酯、蜡、聚乙二醇-聚氧丙烯-嵌段聚合物、聚乙二醇和羊毛脂肪。
本文所述的化合物可以以药学上可接受的盐的形式存在。对于在药物中的应用,本文所述的化合物的盐是指无毒的“药学上可接受的盐”。药学上可接受的盐形式包括药学上可接受的酸性/阴离子或碱性/阳离子盐(如果可能的话)。
本文的组合物和施用方法可以是口服施用、肠胃外施用、通过吸入喷雾施用、局部施用、直肠施用、鼻施用、颊施用、阴道施用或通过植入的贮库施用。如本文使用的术语“肠胃外”包括皮下、静脉内、肌内、关节内、滑膜内、胸骨内、鞘内、肝内、病变内和颅内注射或输注技术。
还应当理解的是,用于任何特定患者的具体剂量和治疗方案将取决于各种因素,包含年龄、体重、总体健康状况、性别、饮食、施用时间、排泄率、药物组合、治疗医生的判断以及被治疗的特定疾病的严重程度。组合物中提供的化合物的量也将取决于组合物中的特定化合物。
术语“受试者”和“患者”可以互换使用,并且意指需要治疗的哺乳动物,例如,伴侣动物(例如,狗、猫等)、农场动物(例如,牛、猪、马、绵羊、山羊等)和实验室动物(例如,大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠等)。通常,受试者是需要治疗的人。
术语“有效量”或“治疗有效量”是指将引发受试者的生物学或医学应答的本文所述的化合物的量,例如在0.01-100mg/kg体重/天之间的剂量。在一个方面中,有效量的7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺或其药学上可接受的盐;和有效量的本文所述的拓扑异构酶抑制剂或雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂使得它们一起引发组合效应以可测量地治疗本文所述的一种或多种癌症。
范例
现在将通过以下非限制性实例来说明本发明。
下面使用以下程序可以将化合物1制备为单一对映异构体,单一几何异构体。
中间体1:7-氯-2,4-二甲基-2-(4-氧代环己基)苯并[d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯-5-羧酸甲酯
步骤1:5-氯-3,4-二羟基-2-甲基苯甲酸甲酯的合成
在-20℃下,向在四氢呋喃(199mL)中的3,4-二羟基-2-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(5.11g,27.9mmol)的溶液中滴加磺酰氯(2.45mL,30.6mmol)。将反应混合物在-20℃下搅拌3小时,然后用氯化铵的饱和水溶液(50mL)猝灭。用乙酸乙酯(25mL×3)提取所需的产物。合并的有机层用盐水(25mL)洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥,过滤,并在减压下浓缩至干燥。残留物通过快速色谱法(硅胶,在庚烷中的梯度0-60%乙酸乙酯)纯化,以得到作为米色固体的标题化合物(4.117g,68%产率)。LCMS[M+H]+m/z:计算值217.0;实测值217.1(Cl同位素模式)。
步骤2:7-氯-2,4-二甲基-2-(4-氧代环己基)-2H-1,3-苯并间二氧杂环戊烯-5-羧酸甲酯的合成
将5-氯-3,4-二羟基-2-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(1.2g,5.53mmol)、十二羰基三钌(176mg,276μmol)和三苯基膦(145mg,553μmol)的混合物在真空下脱气,并用氮气吹扫(3个循环)。加入甲苯(8.1mL),并将反应混合物加热至回流持续30分钟。然后滴加在甲苯(17mL)中的4-乙炔基环己-1-酮(1.34g,11.0mmol)的溶液,并将反应在回流下搅拌持续23小时。最后,将反应混合物冷却至室温,并在减压下浓缩至干燥。残留物通过快速色谱法(硅胶,在庚烷中的梯度0-60%乙酸乙酯)纯化,以得到作为黄色油状物的标题化合物(1.327g,70%产率)。LCMS[M+Na]+m/z:计算值361.1;实测值361.1(Cl同位素模式)。
步骤3:分离(R)-7-氯-2,4-二甲基-2-(4-氧代环己基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-羧酸甲酯和(S)-7-氯-2,4-二甲基-2-(4-氧代环己基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-羧酸甲酯
通过制备型SFC[柱:来自大赛璐化学工业(Daicel chemical industries)的ChiralPak AY(250mm×50mm I.D.,10μm)。流动相A:CO2/流动相B:在甲醇中的0.1%NH4OH。等度(85%流动相A和15%流动相B)。流量:80mL/min。柱温度:40℃]拆分了甲基-7-氯-2,4-二甲基-2-(4-氧代环己基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-羧酸酯(4.4g,13mmol)的外消旋混合物。中间体1(峰1)(不期望的对映异构体/劣对映体(distomer)):保留时间=6.2分钟。回收率=1.4g,4.05mmol,31%产率,90%ee,98%纯度(黄色固体)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.48(s,1H),3.78(s,3H),2.44-2.36(m,2H),2.35-2.25(m,6H),2.19(tdd,J=2.8,5.6,13.1Hz,2H),1.70-1.57(m,5H)。中间体1(峰2)(期望的对映异构体/优对映体(eutomer)):保留时间=7.0分钟。回收率=1.1g,3.08mmol,23.75%产率,99%ee,95%纯度(黄色固体)。1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.49(s,1H),3.78(s,3H),2.44-2.36(m,2H),2.36-2.25(m,6H),2.20(tdd,J=2.8,5.6,13.1Hz,2H),1.72-1.59(m,5H)。SFC分析方法:[柱:ChiralPak AY-3(150×4.6mm I.D.,3μm)。流动相A:CO2/流动相B:在PrOH中的0.05%Et2NH。梯度:流动相B的5-40%(超过5.5分钟)。流量:2.5mL/min。柱温度:40℃]。中间体1(峰1-不期望的对映异构体/劣对映体):保留时间=2.853分钟。中间体1(峰2-期望的对映异构体/优对映体):保留时间=2.979分钟。
中间体2:7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-羧酸
步骤1:7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-羧酸甲酯的合成
将在甲醇(30mL)中的3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷盐酸盐(8g,64.75mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(12mL,68.9mmol)的溶液在室温下搅拌30分钟,然后加入在四氢呋喃(30mL)中的7-氯-2,4-二甲基-2-(4-氧代环己基)-1,3-苯并间二氧杂环戊烯-5-羧酸甲酯(中间体1-峰2)(4.1g,12.10mmol)的另一种溶液的溶液。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌1小时,然后冷却至-70℃。加入硼氢化锂(500mg,22.96mmol),并将反应在-70℃下搅拌30分钟[或直到通过TLC(乙酸乙酯/甲醇5:1)观察到起始材料的完全消耗]。接下来,合并两个批次的反应,并且用氯化铵的饱和水溶液(120mL)在0℃下猝灭,并用二氯甲烷(200mL×3)提取所需的产物。将合并的有机层用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在减压下浓缩至干燥。残留物通过快速色谱法(硅胶,在二氯甲烷的梯度0-14%的甲醇)纯化,以得到作为浅黄色油状物的标题化合物(8.05g,67%产率,83%纯度)。通过制备型薄层色谱法(硅胶,乙酸乙酯:甲醇15:1)进一步纯化样品(50mg)。LCMS[M+H]+m/z:计算值410.2;实测值410.1。1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.39(s,1H),3.95-3.91(m,1H),3.73(s,3H),3.59-3.51(m,2H),3.16(s,3H),2.97(br dd,J=6.4,8.0Hz,2H),2.26(s,3H),2.11-2.02(m,1H),1.91-1.73(m,5H),1.54(s,3H),1.22-1.12(m,2H),0.98-0.86(m,2H)。
步骤2:7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-羧酸的合成
向在甲醇(48mL)中的7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-羧酸甲酯(4g,9.75mmol)的溶液中加入在水(12mL)中的氢氧化锂水合物(4.03g,96.06mmol)的溶液。将反应在70℃下搅拌2小时,然后将两个批次合并,并在减压下浓缩。加入水(50mL),并在0℃下用饱和柠檬酸水溶液将pH调节至6。用二氯甲烷和异丙醇(300mL×5)的3:1混合物提取所需的产物。合并的有机层用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在减压下浓缩至干燥,以得到作为灰白色固体的标题化合物(6.1g,粗),其被用于下一步,而无需进一步纯化。LCMS[M+H]+m/z:计算值396.2;实测值396.1.1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.07(s,1H),4.05-4.10(m,2H),3.76-3.88(m,1H),3.67(br dd,J=10,3.6Hz,2H),3.22(s,3H),2.71-2.81(m,1H),2.19(s,3H),1.91-1.99(m,4H),1.75-1.85(m,1H),1.52(s,3H),1.18-1.28(m,2H),1.06-1.14(m,2H)。
化合物1
向在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(50mL)中的7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-羧酸(中间体2-单一对映异构体和几何异构体)(5g,12.63mmol)的溶液中加入O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐(5.7g,14.99mmol)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(11mL,63.15mmol)。将混合物在20℃下搅拌30分钟,然后加入3-(氨基甲基)-6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)吡啶-2(1H)-酮盐酸盐(中间体1)(4.2g,19.03mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌另外的1.5小时,然后过滤。滤液通过制备型HPLC[柱:Phenomenex Gemini C18(250mm×50mm,10μm)。流动相A:水(0.04%氢氧化氨v/v和10mM碳酸氢铵)/流动相B:乙腈。梯度(75-44%流动相A/25-56%流动相B,超过23分钟)。柱温度:30℃]纯化,以得到作为白色固体的标题化合物(4.4g,60%产率,96%纯度。LCMS[M+H]+m/z:计算值562.2;实测值562.2.1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ6.91(s,1H),6.29(s,1H),4.50(s,2H),4.01(quin,J=6Hz,1H),3.58(dd,J=8.8,6.4Hz,2H),3.26(s,3H),2.92-3.02(m,2H),2.54(s,3H),2.31(s,3H),2.21(s,3H),2.01-2.11(m,1H),1.79-2.00(m,5H),1.62(s,3H),1.19-1.34(m,2H),0.91-1.08(m,2H)。
1.主要体外药理学
A.作用机理
在生化测定中,化合物1抑制野生型和Y641N突变的含EZH2的PRC2复合物以及含EZH1的PRC2复合物的催化活性,野生型和Y641N突变的EZH2的半最大抑制浓度(IC50)值分别为0.02和0.03nM,而EZH1为0.06nM。参见例如PCT/US2019/027932。生化效价低估了化合物1的真实亲和力,通过动力学分析对结合进行的进一步表征表明,对EZH2的抑制常数约为0.11pM,对EZH2的选择性约为EZH1的70倍。基于动力学分析,确定化合物1以长停留时间(约101天)与PRC2结合。参见例如PCT/US2019/027932。
B.对全局H3K27me3细胞内水平和基因表达的影响
在含野生型EZH2的宫颈癌细胞系(HeLa)中评估了化合物1降低全局H3k27me3细胞内水平的能力。治疗4天后,化合物1能够降低H3K27me3的全球水平,EC50为0.40nM。参见例如PCT/US2019/027932。化合物1能够在其他实体瘤细胞系中表现出类似的效力,包括膀胱癌(639V和HT1197)和卵巢癌TOV21G细胞系,第3天的EC50值分别为0.09、0.14和0.26nM。
H3K27me3水平的降低会导致基因表达的改变。化合物1治疗4天后,对膀胱癌细胞系进行RNA测序,结果发现多种基因的表达水平发生了显著变化。主要改变是基因表达增加,因为极少数基因显著减少。基因表达的增加具有剂量和时间依赖性,在较高浓度的化合物1和较晚时间点观察到表达增加。这与H3K27me3的减少形成对比,因为在化合物1治疗1天后观察到甲基标记改变。值得注意的是,其中一个高度上调的基因是CDKN1C,也称为p57或Kip2,是一种已知的肿瘤抑制剂和细胞周期的负调节因子,之前已有报道为EZH2靶基因。参见Yang X,Karuturi RK,Sun F等人.“CDKN1C(p57)是EZH2的直接靶点,在乳腺癌细胞中受到多种表观遗传机制的抑制。(CDKN1C(p57)is a direct target of EZH2 andsuppressed by multiple epigenetic mechanisms in breast cancer cells.)”《公共科学图书馆·综合(PLoS One)》.2009;4(4):e5011.CDKN1C低表达见于晚期膀胱癌和乳腺癌,且与预后不良相关。参见以上Yang和Hoffmann MJ,Florl AR,Seifert HH等人.“多种机制下调人膀胱癌CDKN1C(Multiple mechanisms downregulate CDKN1C in human bladdercancer)”.Int J Cancer.2005年4月10;114(3):406-13.
2.抗增殖作用
A.与化合物1和顺铂(DNA烷基化剂)的协同作用
评估了多种实体瘤癌细胞系对在有和没有顺铂的情况下化合物1的抗增殖活性的敏感性。我们首先发现卵巢癌细胞系A2780(A2780-CR)和膀胱癌细胞系(HT1376-CR)对顺铂的敏感性低于亲代(A2780-P)或年龄匹配的DMF对照(HT1376-DMF)细胞系(参见图1A),而顺铂耐药的版本A2780和HT1376对化合物1的敏感性仍然很强(图1B)。然而,用化合物1和顺铂的联合治疗导致生长下降超过50%。参见图2A和图2B。
在HT1376膀胱癌细胞系中观察到了类似的结果。例如,当顺铂治疗与化合物1联合时,顺铂敏感(-DMF)和耐药(-CR)的HT1376细胞系显示出对细胞生长的增强的作用。参见图3A和图3B。此外,化合物1单独或与顺铂联合可有效降低肿瘤生长。参见图4。总之,这一数据证明化合物1可以与其他化疗药剂联合,以协同治疗实体瘤,如膀胱癌和卵巢癌。
B.与化合物1和恩杂鲁胺(一种雄激素受体信号抑制剂)的协同作用
在NOG小鼠的CTG 2428PDX肿瘤中评估了化合物1单独和与雄激素受体信号抑制剂恩杂鲁胺联合的抗肿瘤作用。如图5所示,化合物1和恩杂鲁胺的组合与单独的化合物1或恩杂鲁胺相比能更好地减少绝对肿瘤体积。在NOG小鼠的CTG-2440PDX(图6)肿瘤和CTG-2441PDX肿瘤中观察到了类似的结果(图7)。这一数据表明,化合物1可以与诸如恩杂鲁胺的雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂组合以治疗实体瘤癌症,如前列腺癌。
3.主要体内药理学(单一疗法和联合疗法)
将按照以下概述的一般程序进行1/2期研究,以评估6个疾病特异性剂量扩展队列中化合物1单一疗法和联合伊立替康的安全性、耐受性和初步临床活性。1期将包括在患有晚期复发性实体瘤的患者中化合物1单一疗法剂量递增期和联合疗法(化合物1+伊立替康)剂量递增期;2期将包括6个疾病特异性剂量扩展队列中的单一疗法剂量扩展期和联合疗法剂量扩展期。
A.单一药剂疗效
下列队列中纳入的患者将接受口服化合物1单一疗法:
·在患有晚期复发性实体瘤的患者中的单一疗法剂量递增队列
·在患有尿路上皮癌的患者中的剂量扩展队列1
·在患有卵巢透明细胞癌的患者中的剂量扩展队列2
·在患有子宫内膜癌的患者中的剂量扩展队列3
这项研究将纳入跨过2期的可评估的患有晚期实体瘤的患者。资格将包括某些标准,例如,在标准疗法后复发或进展。1期旨在测定在患有晚期实体瘤的患者中化合物1作为单一疗法的最大耐受剂量(MTD)和/或推荐的2期剂量(RP2D)。次要目标包括化合物1的安全性和耐受性、化合物1的药代动力学(PK)和药效学(PD)概况以及化合物1的初步临床活性。2期设计用来在评估化合物1作为单一疗法在患有选定的实体瘤(例如,尿路上皮癌、卵巢透明细胞癌和子宫内膜癌)的患者中的抗肿瘤活性。
纳入本研究的单一疗法剂量递增部分的患者将在连续4周(28天)周期内每天一次(QD)口服(PO)接受化合物1。化合物1的起始剂量为50mg。化合物1的剂量将递增≤100%,直到报告至少1个2级研究药物相关的不良事件(除了贫血或淋巴细胞减少症外),之后化合物1的剂量可能递增≤40%。如果建议,可以基于对新的安全性、PK或PD数据的审查,评估中间或另外的剂量水平。超过300mg QD的化合物1的剂量水平将被递增≤25%。
B.联合疗效
下列队列中纳入的患者将接受口服化合物1单一疗法:
·在患有晚期复发型实体瘤的患者中的联合疗法剂量递增队列
·在患有小细胞肺癌(SCLC)的患者中的剂量扩展队列4
·在患有胃或胃食管结合部(GEJ)腺癌的患者中的剂量扩展队列5
·在患有严重卵巢癌的患者中的剂量扩展队列6
本研究将纳入在与单一疗法剂量相同的2期中可评估的患有晚期实体瘤的患者,除了所选的实体瘤将为小细胞肺癌、胃或胃食管结合部肿瘤和浆液性卵巢癌。资格将包括某些标准,例如,在标准疗法后复发或进展。
虽然已经描述了许多这样的实施例,但是很明显,可以改变我们的基本实例以提供利用本公开的化合物和方法的其他实施例。因此,应当理解,本公开的范围由所附权利要求来限定,而不是由已经通过实例表示的特定实施例来限定。
在整个本申请中引用的所有参考文献(包括文献参考、授予的专利、公开的专利申请以及共同待决专利申请)的内容由此以全文引用的方式明确地并入本文中。除非另有定义,否则本文所用的所有技术术语和科学术语均符合本领域普通技术人员通常已知的含义。
Claims (21)
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第二药剂是雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中所述第二药剂是选自比卡鲁胺(bicalutamide)、恩杂鲁胺(enzalutamide)、阿帕鲁胺(apalutamide)、氟他胺(flutamide)、尼鲁米特(nilutamide)、达洛鲁胺(darolutamide)和醋酸阿比特龙(abiraterone acetate)的雄激素受体信号传导抑制剂。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第二药剂是恩杂鲁胺。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第二药剂是DNA烷基化剂。
6.根据权利要求1或5所述的方法,其中所述DNA烷基化剂选自白消安(busulfan)、环磷酰胺、苯达莫司汀(bendmustine)、卡铂、苯丁酸氮芥、环磷酰胺、顺铂、替莫唑胺(temozolomide)、美法仑(melphalan)、卡莫司汀(carmustine)、洛莫司汀(lomustine)、达卡巴嗪(dacarbazine)、奥沙利铂(oxaliplatin)、异环磷酰胺、噻替哌(thiotepa)、曲贝替定(trabectedin)、六甲蜜胺、二氯甲基二乙胺(mechlorethamine)、甲苄肼(procarbazine)和链脲佐菌素。
7.根据权利要求1或5所述的方法,其中所述DNA烷基化剂为顺铂。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第二药剂是拓扑异构酶抑制剂。
9.根据权利要求1或8所述的方法,其中所述拓扑异构酶抑制剂是拓扑异构酶I抑制剂。
10.根据权利要求1或8所述的方法,其中所述拓扑异构酶抑制剂选自伊立替康(irinotecan)、拓扑替康(topotecan)、喜树碱(camptothecin)、片螺素(lamellarin)、依托泊苷(etoposide)、替尼泊苷(teniposide)、阿霉素(doxorubicin)、柔红霉素(daunorubicin)、米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone)、安吖啶(amsacrine)、玫瑰树碱类(ellipticines)、金精三羧酸(aurintricarboxylic acid)、HU-331、表柔比星(epirubicin)、戊柔比星(valrubicin)、伊达比星(idarubicin)、匹杉琼(pixantrone)、替尼泊苷(teniposide)、贝洛替康(belotecan)、吉马替康(gimatecan)、茚并替康(indotecan)、因蒂米替康(indimitecan)。
11.根据权利要求1、8和9中任一项所述的方法,其中所述拓扑异构酶抑制剂是伊立替康。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法,其中所述实体瘤选自前列腺癌、小细胞肺癌(SCLC)、胃或胃食管结合部(GEJ)腺癌和浆液性卵巢癌。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法,其中所述实体瘤选自小细胞肺癌(SCLC)、胃或胃食管结合部(GEJ)腺癌和浆液性卵巢癌。
14.根据权利要求1至12中任一项的方法,其中所述实体瘤是前列腺癌。
15.根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的方法,其中所述实体瘤的特征在于为晚期肿瘤。
16.根据权利要求1至15中任一项所述的方法,其中所述实体瘤的特征在于为复发性实体瘤。
17.根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的方法,其中所述化合物与所述第二药剂同时施用。
19.一种使用7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺或其药学上可接受的盐治疗晚期复发性实体瘤的方法。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其中所述晚期复发性实体瘤是晚期复发性尿路上皮癌、晚期复发性卵巢透明细胞癌或晚期复发性子宫内膜癌。
21.根据权利要求19或20所述的方法,其中所述7-氯-2-(4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺是(2R)-7-氯-2-(反式-4-(3-甲氧基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)环己基)-2,4-二甲基-N-((6-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-3-基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯-5-甲酰胺。
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AU2023206700A1 (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2024-08-29 | Dong Wha Pharm. Co., Ltd. | 1,3-benzodioxole derivative compound and pharmaceutical composition comprising same |
WO2024015566A1 (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2024-01-18 | Constellation Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Ezh2 inhibition therapies for the treatment of at-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1a (arid1a) mutated cancers |
WO2024038115A1 (en) | 2022-08-17 | 2024-02-22 | Morphosys Ag | Therapy comprising anti-cd19 antibody and ezh2 modulators |
WO2024076663A1 (en) * | 2022-10-06 | 2024-04-11 | Constellation Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Ezh2 inhibition therapies for the treatment of brca1-associated protein (bap1) mutated cancers |
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PE20230253A1 (es) | 2023-02-07 |
IL290011A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
CN118236503A (zh) | 2024-06-25 |
CL2022000176A1 (es) | 2022-09-20 |
WO2021016409A1 (en) | 2021-01-28 |
US20220257577A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 |
CA3148444A1 (en) | 2021-01-28 |
KR20220041130A (ko) | 2022-03-31 |
JP7530420B2 (ja) | 2024-08-07 |
CO2022001480A2 (es) | 2022-03-18 |
CN114423426B (zh) | 2024-04-05 |
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MX2022000933A (es) | 2022-05-06 |
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