CN114342754A - Dry rice direct seeding mulching drip irrigation cultivation system and application thereof in dry rice planting - Google Patents
Dry rice direct seeding mulching drip irrigation cultivation system and application thereof in dry rice planting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rice dry direct seeding mulching drip irrigation cultivation system and application thereof in rice planting. The method for planting the rice by using the rice dry direct-seeding mulching drip irrigation cultivation system comprises the steps of sowing the rice in the rice mulching dry direct-seeding drip irrigation cultivation system to realize the planting of the rice in a high-salt low-yield field; the rice mulching dry direct seeding drip irrigation cultivation system is a field which is covered by a mulching film and provided with a drip irrigation belt between the mulching film and soil; the soluble salt content of the high-salt low-yield soil is more than or equal to 0.5 percent (mass percentage), and the crop yield is 40 percent lower than that of the normal field in the area. Experiments prove that the rice dry direct seeding mulching drip irrigation cultivation system can be applied to high-salt low-yield fields, can greatly reduce the influence of salt stress on the growth of crops, and provides powerful theoretical support for the application of the system to the planting of other crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dry direct seeding mulching drip irrigation cultivation system for dry rice and application thereof in the field of biotechnology.
Background
The Huang-Huai-Hai plain is one of three high-impact plains in China,the cultivated land area accounts for about one fifth of the cultivated land in China. The agricultural status is very important, and the soil is seriously salinized due to the fact that the evaporation capacity of water in the area is larger than the rainfall, the water in the area enters the sea mouth of yellow river and the like, and a large number of middle and low-yield fields (up to 1300 ten thousand hm and hm) appear2). The low-yield cultivated land area in the region still reaches 13.33 multiplied by 10 by 80 years of the 20 th century6hm2About, accounting for 75 percent of the total cultivated land area of the Huang-Huai-Hai plain[1]。
The film-covered drip irrigation cultivation technique is a high-efficiency water-saving crop cultivation technique combining drip irrigation technique and crop film-covered cultivation technique[2]. The mulching cultivation has the advantages of water saving, drought resistance, temperature increase, soil moisture conservation, weed inhibition, pest control and the like[3]. The drip irrigation under the film is the most water-saving technique for field irrigation, and can save water by 40-60% in the growth period of crops compared with ground irrigation[4]. The film-covered drip irrigation only moistens the root system development area of the crops, the irrigation strength is less than the infiltration speed of the soil, and therefore, runoff cannot be formed to harden the soil[5]。
The rice is the main grain crop in China, belongs to moderate salt sensitive plants, and is the first choice grain crop for improving coastal mudflat and saline-alkali soil[7]The method has important significance in exploring a cultivation method for saving water and improving the yield of rice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of how to carry out direct seeding, film covering and drip irrigation cultivation on the dry paddy field and how to reduce the salt content of a high-salt field.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for planting dry rice in a high-salt low-yield field, which comprises the following steps: sowing the dry rice in a dry rice mulching dry direct seeding drip irrigation cultivation system to realize the planting of the dry rice in the high-salt low-yield field;
the dry rice mulching dry direct seeding drip irrigation cultivation system is a field which is covered by a mulching film and provided with a drip irrigation belt between the mulching film and soil;
the soluble salt content of the high-salt low-yield soil is more than or equal to 0.5 percent (mass percentage), and the crop yield is 40 percent lower than the normal field yield of the area (namely the area where the high-salt low-yield soil is located).
In the above method, the drip irrigation tape may be a labyrinth drip irrigation tape or a single-wing labyrinth drip irrigation tape.
In the above method, the drip irrigation tape may satisfy the following conditions: the diameter is 16mm, the wall thickness is 0.2mm, the distance between the water outlet holes is 200mm, and the flow rate of each water outlet hole is 1.8L/H.
In the method, the plant spacing of the upland rice can be 5-12cm, and the row spacing can be 15-25 cm.
In the method, the plant spacing of the upland rice can be 9cm, and the row spacing can be 18-22 cm.
In the above method, the upland rice may be Liaoyou No. 7, Song02-811, Teng 198, 209-1, Suiyijing6, ren Yue, 300-18, 312-1, Teyou 18, Yudou, Fengyou 305, 338-2, yanjin, Danjing 8, peony 30, VH4, Longdao No. 9, Jifeng 28, 105-1, Shenjing 9, Tongyu 313, Qitian Xiaoting, 335-1, Taifeng, Ouyu 334, 6, Kaijing No. 3, Jinfu No. 13, Liaoliu salt 166, 417-2, Liaoxing 10, Tiantai, Jinfu, 7, Yufeng, Yifeng , Qiguang, 3, Yuchang, Zheng, Pingjing 3, VH11, Lisong, Jijing No. 79, Wutai, 102-1, Teng 144, Jinyun 105, Zhao 105, glutinous Luo 8, Luo Xiaohao 91, Aoqing, Shi Qingdao 9, Shi jin No. 9, Chuanyuanyun jin No. 4, Chuanyuanyun jin No. 9, Chungyuanjin No. 4, Chungyuanjin No. 9, Chuangong, Chungyun jin No. 4, Chungyun jin No. 9, Chungyun jin No. 4, Chuanyun jin No. 4, Chungyun jin, Super 21, autumn, V377, Fengyou 205, Liaojing 241, Zaosheng Erguo No. 3, Tongdi, Liaojiudao No. 3, Liaojing 282, Zhonghua, Songjing 2, 99-F-41, public transport 13, Sanbai, Puyou 17, Fengyou 503, Dan137, Xin Ning 1, Shangshan, super 12, Jiyou 58, super 14, Wufeng, Tongyu 250, Tongyu 316, Liaoxing 6, Teng 180, Beidao No. 2, Liaoxing 12, Songjing 9, Jijing No. 88, Shennong 129, Jijing 502, Jidao 33, Teng 138, Dongnong 92-15, Ningqing or Xiannan No. 23.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention also provides a method for reducing the salt content of the high-salt pan, which comprises the following steps: the dry rice film-covered dry direct-seeding drip irrigation cultivation system is arranged in a high-salt field, and dry rice is sowed in the dry rice film-covered dry direct-seeding drip irrigation cultivation system, so that the salt content of the high-salt field is reduced;
the soluble salt content of the high-salt pan is more than or equal to 0.5 percent (mass percentage).
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention also provides a method for improving the tillering number of the upland rice, which comprises the following steps: and planting the dry rice according to the dry rice planting method of the high-salt low-yield field to increase the tillering number of the dry rice.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention also provides a method for improving the plant height of the upland rice, which comprises the following steps: and planting the dry rice according to the planting method of the dry rice in the high-salt low-yield field to increase the plant height of the dry rice.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a method for prolonging flowering time of upland rice, the method comprising: and planting the dry rice according to the planting method of the dry rice in the high-salt low-yield field to prolong the flowering time of the dry rice.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention also provides a method for improving the yield of the upland rice, which comprises the following steps: and planting the dry rice according to the planting method of the dry rice in the high-salt low-yield field to increase the yield of the dry rice.
In the invention, the high-salt field and the high-salt low-yield field are Huang-Huai-Hai plain high-salt fields or high-salt low-yield fields.
Experiments prove that the film-covered dry direct-seeding drip irrigation cultivation system for the upland rice can be applied to high-salt low-yield fields, the average seedling survival rate of 100 japonica rice varieties is 59.5 percent, and the survival rate of 2 varieties of seedlings is more than 90 percent; the average tillering number of each hole is 7.9, and 12 varieties with the tillering number more than 11 are provided; the average plant height in the mature period is 65.9cm, and 10 varieties with the plant height more than 80cm exist; finally, three varieties with better yield are screened, and the best variety-vine line 198 has the theoretical yield of 535 kg. Meanwhile, the salt content of the soil in each growth period of the upland rice is measured, so that the system can reduce the salt content of the soil under the mulch from 0.7% to 0.2%, the influence of salt stress on the growth of crops is greatly reduced, and a powerful theoretical support is provided for the application of the technology to the planting of other crops.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a design of a rice dry direct seeding mulching drip irrigation cultivation system.
FIG. 2 shows an example of constructing a dry direct seeding, mulching and drip irrigation cultivation system for rice in Haixing experimental base of Cangzhou.
FIG. 3 shows the growth state data of rice cultivated by direct seeding, mulching and drip irrigation in dry land in high-salt and low-yield field. A is the survival rate of the seedlings 20 days after the rice sprouts; b is the plant height of the rice in the mature period; c is the tillering number of the rice.
FIG. 4 shows the effect of the film-covered drip irrigation cultivation system on the salt content of the soil under the film.
FIG. 5 shows the application of the rice dry direct seeding mulching drip irrigation cultivation system in high-salt and low-yield fields.
Detailed Description
Examples 1,
1. Materials and methods
1.1 plant Material
The applicant adopts a dry direct seeding film-covering drip irrigation method to plant rice and the breeding of matched varieties thereof from 2014, and selects over 1100 varieties of drought-tolerant, salt-tolerant and drought-direct seeding film-covering drip irrigation cultivation-adapted strain in a test field of Wulu-Mului in Xinjiang. More than 300 dry rice strains suitable for being planted in Beijing areas are further screened, and 100 parts of high-quality and high-yield japonica rice materials are further selected from the 300 strains, and the specific list is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1100 parts of japonica rice material
Among them, pine 02-811(Song02-811), Liaoyou No. 7 (Liaoyou7), and rattan 198(Fukei 198) are described in the literature (Xiufeng Li et al, Comprehensive identification of major flow time genes and the air compositions, height determined edge distribution in the North China, Plant Growth Regulation, https:// doi. org/10.1007/s10725-017 0364-2), and are publicly available from the applicant.
1.2 design and construction of rice dry direct seeding, film mulching and drip irrigation cultivation system
The high-salt and low-yield field of the experiment is located in the base of the agricultural resource research center of the institute of genetics and development of Chinese academy of sciences in Haxing county, Cangzhou, Hebei province. The high-salt low-yield field is characterized in that: the salt content of the soil is more than or equal to 0.5 percent (mass percentage), and the crop yield is lower than 40 percent (namely the per mu yield of the rice is lower than 300kg) of the normal field yield of the area.
100 parts of japonica rice materials are sown at 20 days in 5 months every year, and the japonica rice materials are sown in mulching holes of the constructed rice mulching film direct-seeding and drip-irrigation cultivation system.
The rice mulching, dry direct seeding and drip irrigation cultivation system mainly comprises the following three parts:
1) a water source to provide moisture for crop growth;
2) the pressure pump is a power device of the drip irrigation system and provides power for all parts of the moisture conveyed to the land parcel through pipelines;
3) pipes that carry the moisture to various portions of the plot.
The construction steps are as follows:
1) after land leveling, dividing the land blocks into ridges according to the ridge width of 1 m;
2) leveling 2 drip irrigation belts, and placing the drip irrigation belts in the ridges, wherein the distance between each drip irrigation belt and each ridge close to the ridge is 30 cm;
3) covering the furrow with a black mulching film with the width of 1m, compacting the edge of the mulching film with soil, wherein the width of the soil-covered mulching film is not more than 15 cm;
4) one end of a main water delivery pipeline is placed in a furrow in the direction perpendicular to the drip irrigation tape, and the main pipeline is communicated with the drip irrigation tape through a connector; the other end is communicated with a pressure pump arranged in a water source.
5) After the power is switched on, the connection condition of the drip irrigation system is checked, and the conditions of water leakage, water leakage and the like are repaired.
6) After the drip irrigation system is built, two drip irrigation belts under the film are used as centers, holes are sequentially formed in the film at the position 9cm away from the drip irrigation belts along the direction of the drip irrigation belts, the hole diameter is 3cm, and the hole distance is 9 cm.
The rice film mulching, dry direct seeding and drip irrigation cultivation system is shown in figures 1 and 2, the width of a mulching film is 100cm, rice is planted in a wide-narrow row structure, the row spacing of wide rows is 22cm, the row spacing of narrow rows is 18cm, and the plant spacing is 9 cm. A branch pipeline is arranged between every two lines and is supplied with water by the main pipeline. The diameter of the main pipeline is 63mm, and the pressure is 0.45 kg; the branch pipeline is a single-wing labyrinth drip irrigation tape, the diameter is 16mm, the wall thickness is 0.2mm, the hole spacing is 200mm, and the flow rate of each water outlet hole is 1.8L/H. Each variety was planted in 48 wells, with 3 replicates.
Irrigating once every 5 days for 2 hours every time in the first 2 months after sowing, wherein the water consumption is 5 tons/mu.s; thirdly, irrigating once every 3 days in April for 4 hours every time, wherein the water consumption is 10 tons/mu per time; irrigating once every 10 days in the fifth month for 4 hours each time, wherein the water consumption is 10 tons/mu.
100 parts of japonica rice materials are sown in a non-rice film-covered dry direct-seeding drip irrigation cultivation system as a contrast, the difference is that the contrast is not covered by a mulching film, and the arrangement of drip irrigation belts, the material planting irrigation time, the water consumption and the like are the same as those of a film-covered dropper cultivation system.
1.3 data statistics
And (3) counting the survival rate of each variety 20 days after the rice sprouts, and counting the plant height, tillering number per hole and yield per hole of each rice variety after the rice is mature and estimating the theoretical yield (calculated according to 22000 holes per mu).
Drying with residue-mass method[8]And (3) measuring the total residue and soluble salt content of the soil under the mulch of the rice in the sowing day, the seedling stage, the tillering stage, the grouting stage and the harvesting stage. After the rice is harvested, the water consumption of the rice film mulching drip irrigation cultivation system is counted.
Data were analyzed using Excel 2013.
2 results and analysis
2.1 growth of Rice in high-salt Low-yield field mulching drip irrigation cultivation System
In order to comprehensively evaluate a dry direct seeding, film covering and drip irrigation cultivation system of paddy rice in a high-salt low-yield field, the method carries out statistics and analysis on the survival rate of each variety 20 days after the rice sprouts, the plant height of each rice variety after the rice is mature, the tillering number of each hole, the yield of each hole, theoretical yield (calculated according to 22000 holes per mu) and other data.
The results show that (1) the average survival rate of 100 japonica rice varieties is 59.5% from the survival rate of seedlings 20 days after rice germination (A in figure 3). The survival rate is 60% -70%, and 27 varieties are the most. The survival rate is 91.7 percent at most, and 2 varieties are provided, specifically 335-1 and 300-18.
(2) From the plant height data of the rice in the mature period (B in figure 3), the minimum is 46.3cm, the maximum is 86.7cm, the maximum of the varieties with the plant height of 60cm-70cm is 44, and the number of the varieties with the plant height of more than 80cm is 11, which are respectively as follows: early-growing patrinia No. 3, Jinongda No. 3, pine 02-811, Jijing 105, Kaijing No. 3, vine 198, 417-2, VH4, 99-F-41, Longdao No. 9 and Ouyu 334.
(3) From the tillering data of rice (C in figure 3), the tillering number of the variety with the least tillering is 3.8 per cave on average, the highest is 12.7 per cave, the tillering number of 21 varieties is more than 10 per cave, and the tillering number is 209-1, Jinong Da 3, 99-F-41, Liaoyou No. 7, Shanshan, 105-1, 338-2, Sasa veitchii, Jijing 88, super-excellent 18, vine 198, VH11, vine 144, nine-rice 46, Liaojie salt 241, Puyou 17, treasure, Reoge, Tongyu 316, Oraku and V377 respectively.
209-1, Jinongda No. 3, 99-F-41, Liaoyou No. 7, Shangshan, 105-1, 338-2, bamboo grass brocade, Jijing No. 88, Teyou 18, vine 198, VH11, vine 144, nine-rice 46, Liaojiu 241, Puyou 17, treasure, Lisong, Tongyu 316, Luo Xiaoting, V377, pine 02-811, Yudou, Dongnong 91-11, Danjiang 30, 335-1, Songjing 2, Fengyou 205, Yanjin, 312-1, Yangtong 401, public transportation No. 13, Kangjing No. 3, Shenjing 9, Tonggu 313, Jiji No. 79, Ningqing, Gongnuo, Liaoxing 6 and Teyou 16 in the high-salt low-yield field film-coated drip irrigation cultivation system are all obviously higher than those of a control group, and the early-growing Aida No. 3, Jigongdao No. 3, Jigonggao No. 02-811, Jigonggao No. 3, Jiyungxin No. 2, Jiyou No. 2 and Jiyou 16 in the high-low-yield field film coated cultivation system are all obviously higher than those of a control group, VH4, 99-F-41, Longdao No. 9, Osubu 334, V377, Liaoliu salt 282, VH11, Fengyou 503, Songjing No. 2, Liaoyou No. 7, 338-2, 105-1, Teyou 21, Yanjin, Wufeng, Lisong, Jijing No. 79, Jidao 58, 209-1, Shangshan, Tongyu 313, Teyou 12, Liaoxing 6, Teyou 18, Fengyou 305, Liaoxing 10, Dan137, Liaojinuo, Danjing 8, Xinan No. 23, Jidao 33, peony 30 and Jidao 46 all have higher average plant height than that of a control group, and the 15 yield of Liaoyou No. 7, Songyou 02-811, vine line 198, Jiji No. 88, vine line 144, Puyou 17, Liaoliu salt, Liaoxing 6, Teyou 18, Tongjiang 313 and Songjiang No. 2 in a high-salt low-yield field mulching cultivation system is higher than that of a theoretical group.
Finally, by comprehensively considering various factors such as emergence rate, growth vigor, plant height, tillering, seed setting rate, grouting degree, growth cycle and the like, 3 rice varieties (Liaoyou No. 7, pine 02-811 and vine 198) suitable for the high-salt low-yield field film-covered drip irrigation cultivation system and rice varieties (Kangjing 3, super-high 16 and Songjing 3) not suitable for the high-salt low-yield field film-covered drip irrigation cultivation system are screened.
2.2 Effect of the mulching film drip irrigation cultivation System on the salt content of the high-salt and low-yield field soil
And in 2019 and 2020, respectively taking the under-film soil of the film-covered drip irrigation cultivation system at the sowing stage, the seedling stage, the tillering stage, the grouting stage and the harvesting stage of the rice, and measuring the salt content by using a residue drying-mass method. The salt content of the soil in the seeding stage, the seedling stage, the tillering stage, the grouting stage and the harvesting stage of 2019 is respectively 0.66%, 0.36%, 0.20%, 0.41% and 0.16%; the salt content of the soil in the sowing stage, the seedling stage, the tillering stage, the grouting stage and the harvesting stage of 2020 is respectively 0.54%, 0.29%, 0.21%, 0.15% and 0.15%. As can be seen from fig. 4, the mulching drip irrigation cultivation system can continuously reduce the salt content ((mass%) of the soil in the plough layer under the mulch from about 0.6% to about 0.2%, and keep the salt content until the harvest. Therefore, the influence of the salt content of the soil on the growth of crops is greatly reduced, and a plurality of crops can grow normally. In the rice filling period of 2019, when the salt content of the soil under the mulch suddenly rises, the mulch drip irrigation cultivation system cannot irrigate in time due to mechanical failure of a pressure pump of the mulch drip irrigation cultivation system.
2.3 mulching direct seeding and drip irrigation system for rice, which is a water-saving rice production mode
And (3) counting the water consumption of the experimental paddy fields of Haixing county in Hebei in 2019 and 2020 in two growth periods of rice. The results showed that 2 mu (667 m) in 2019 removed the natural rainfall2Mu) experiment field sharing water 580m3980m of water for 3 mu of experimental field in 20203The average water consumption per mu of land in two years is 312m3. The water consumption is 600-800m higher than that of the water required by the conventional rice production3The per mu saving is about 1/2.
3 discussion and conclusions
3.1 application of mulching direct seeding and drip irrigation cultivation system for paddy rice in high-salt low-yield field
Rice is one of the most important food crops, and more than half of the world population takes rice as staple food[9]. Rice production consumes a large amount of fresh water resources, and 70% of agricultural water in China is estimated to be used for rice production[10]. The combination of rice production and mulching drip irrigation cultivation technology, the water requirement of rice production is reduced to 1/3-1/2 of traditional rice production, and planting can be realized without establishing a water layer. The whole process mechanization of each link of rice production such as soil preparation, film covering, pipe arrangement, seeding, fertilization and harvesting is realized. Rice is used as a moderate salt sensitive plant and is the first choice food crop for improving coastal mud flat and saline-alkali land. Therefore, a rice dry direct seeding, film covering and drip irrigation cultivation system is tried to be established in a typical area of a high-salt and low-yield field in the plain of Huang-Huai-Hai-Xing county of China. The experimental results of two years in 2019 and 2020 can show that: the rice dry direct seeding, mulching and drip irrigation cultivation system can be applied to rice production in Huang-Huai-Hai high-salt low-yield fields, and the rice growth period nodes are as follows: sowing about 5-20 days, starting jointing about 7-10 days, flowering about 8-10 days, and harvesting at the bottom of 9 months. The rainfall removal in the whole growth period only needs 300m3The yield of the rice can reach more than 500kg theoretically (figure 5). However, because most varieties are selected from low-salt fields, the seedling protecting capability of rice seedlings is still poor, and the screening of salt-resistant materials at the seedling stage is enhanced in the later work. The cultivated land area of Huang Huai Hai plain area accounts for 18% of the whole country, and the agricultural status is greatly improved, but the large-area cultivated land of the area belongs to the cultivated land with low or medium yield, and accounts for 75% of the total cultivated land area of Huang Huai Hai plain area. The low-and-medium-yield cultivated land mainly comprises saline-alkali soil, sandy thin land, black soil of sand ginger, low-and-waterlogged wetland and dry thin land, has low crop yield and poor soil quality, and is mainly characterized by serious phenomena of soil desertification, acidification, salinization and the like, soil nutrient imbalance, low soil fertility preservation capability and serious fertilizer efficiency loss[1,11]. The popularization and application of the rice dry direct seeding, film covering and drip irrigation cultivation system bring a new direction for the agricultural structure adjustment of the Huang-Huai-Hai high-salt low-yield field and ensure the national food safetyMaking a greater contribution.
3.2 influence of mulching film drip irrigation cultivation System on salt content of high-salt Low-yield field
The accumulation of salt in the soil plough layer of the Huang-Huai-Hai plain high-salt low-yield field mainly comes from irrigation water and seawater containing trace sodium chloride[12,13]. Besides, a large amount of saline-alkali soil exists in northeast, northwest and coastal areas of China, and the total area reaches 760 ten thousand hm 2. The saline-alkali soil is an rare land reserve resource in China and has great comprehensive utilization potential[14]. From 1950, large-scale saline-alkali soil improvement work is developed in China[15]. The prior saline-alkali soil improvement mainly takes an engineering method as a main part and takes chemical measures as an auxiliary part. The engineering method mainly comprises irrigation salt washing, drainage and desalination (concealed pipe drainage), and the like[16]. The regulation and control of water and salt in fields and areas are the key points for effectively improving soil for a long time[17]. In areas with rich water resources, the salt is washed by the large water to press the salt as much as possible to improve the high-salinity saline-alkali soil. For arid and semiarid regions with deficient water resources, the salt washing mode by irrigation can cause certain water resource waste. The application of the rice dry direct seeding mulching drip irrigation cultivation system in the high-salt low-yield field shows that the mulching drip irrigation cultivation system can effectively reduce the salt content of a soil plough layer, gradually reduces the salt content from about 0.6% of the initial sowing period to about 0.2% of the flowering period, and keeps the salt content until the harvest period. The system only needs less water to reduce the salt content of the high-salt soil to the extent that most crops can tolerate the high-salt soil. Meanwhile, although the rice is the first choice crop for saline-alkali soil utilization and beach improvement, the water demand is larger than that of other crops.
The present invention has been described in detail above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced in a wide range of equivalent parameters, concentrations, and conditions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and without undue experimentation. While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be appreciated that the invention can be further modified. In general, this application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. The use of some of the essential features is possible within the scope of the claims attached below.
Reference to the literature
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Claims (10)
1. A method for planting dry rice in a high-salt low-yield field comprises the following steps: sowing the dry rice in a dry rice mulching dry direct seeding drip irrigation cultivation system to realize the planting of the dry rice in the high-salt low-yield field;
the dry rice mulching dry direct seeding drip irrigation cultivation system is a field which is covered by a mulching film and provided with a drip irrigation belt between the mulching film and soil;
the salt content of the high-salt low-yield soil is more than or equal to 0.5 percent, and the crop yield is 40 percent lower than that of the normal field in the area.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the drip irrigation tape is a labyrinth drip irrigation tape or a single-wing labyrinth drip irrigation tape.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the distance between the water outlet holes of the drip irrigation tape is 200mm, and the flow of each water outlet hole is 1.8L/H.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the plant spacing of the upland rice is 5-12cm, and the row spacing is 15-25 cm.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the plant spacing of the upland rice is 9cm, and the row spacing is 18-22 cm.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the upland rice is Liaoyou No. 7, Song02-811, Teng 198, 209-1, Suizhijing 6, Renyue, 300-18, 312-1, Teyou 18, Yudou, Fengyou 305, 338-2, Yanjin, Danjing 8, peony river 30, VH4, Longdao No. 9, Jifeng 28, 105-1, Shenjing 9, Tongyu 313, Katatian Xiaoting, 335-1, Taifeng, Ohui 334, 6, Kangjing No. 3, Jinfu No. 13, Liaojili salt 166, 417-2, Lixing 10, Tiantai, Jinfu, 7, Yufeng, Yimu , Qiguang, 3, Yuchang, Zhengwei, Songjing 3, VH11, Lilogang, Jitai No. 79, Wutai, 102-1, Teng 144, Jingjing, jin No. 105, Jinnuo, 8, Luxiao Xiaohao, Aohuangyao, Sandao 91, Tsao Yongyun 9, Tanqong No. 9, Qiongguan, Jiyunuo No. 9, Qiongguan No. 4, Qiongjing, Qiongguan No. 4, Qiongguan No. 9, Qiongjing, Qiongguo No. 4, Qiongguo No. 9, Qiongguo No. 9, Yunuo, Qiongjing, Yunuo No. 9, Yunuo No. 9, Yunuo No. 9, Yunuo, Yuyan, Yunuo No. 9, Yunuo No. 9, Shiguan, Yunuo, Shiguan, Yunuo No. 9, Shiguan, Yuanfu No. 9, Yunuo No. 9, Yuanfu No. 10, Yunuo No. 9, Yuanfu No. 9, Shi, Yuanfu No. 9, Shi, Yunuo, Shi, Yunuo No. 9, Shi, Yunuo No. 9, Shiguan, Yunuo, Shi, Shiguan, Shi, Yunuo No. 9, Yukeng, Yun, Yukeng, Shi, Yunuo No. 9, Shi, Yun, Shi, V377, Fengyou 205, Liaoliu salt 241, Zaosheng Anguo No. 3, Tongdi, Liaoliu waxy rice, Jinongda No. 3, Liaoliu salt 282, Zhonghua, Songjing No. 2, 99-F-41, public transport 13, Sanbai, Puyou 17, Fengyou 503, Dan137, Xin 1, Shangshan, Tegyou 12, Jiu rice 58, Tegyou 14, Wufeng, Tongyu 250, Tongyu 316, Liaoxing 6, vine 180, Beidao No. 2, Liaoxing 12, Songjing 9, Jijing No. 88, Shennong 129, Jijing 502, Jidao 33, vine 138, Dongnong 92-15, Ningqing or Xiannan No. 23.
7. A method of reducing salt content in a high salt pan comprising: arranging the film-covered dry direct-seeding and drip-irrigation cultivation system for the dry rice as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 in a high-salt field, and sowing the dry rice in the film-covered dry direct-seeding and drip-irrigation cultivation system for the dry rice to realize the reduction of the salt content of the high-salt field;
the salt content of the high-salt pan is more than or equal to 0.5 percent.
8. The method for improving the tillering number of the upland rice comprises the following steps: the dry rice is planted according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 6, and the increase of the tillering number of the dry rice is realized.
9. The method for improving the plant height of the upland rice comprises the following steps: planting the upland rice according to any one of claims 1-6, to obtain the increase of upland rice plant height.
10. A method for prolonging flowering time of upland rice, comprising: planting upland rice according to the method of any one of claims 1-6, to achieve an extended flowering time of upland rice;
or, a method of increasing yield of upland rice comprising: planting upland rice according to the method of any one of claims 1-6, to obtain an increase in the yield of upland rice.
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| JPH06113686A (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-26 | Oomine Kogyo Kk | Rice culture method |
| CN101422120A (en) * | 2007-11-03 | 2009-05-06 | 新疆天业（集团）有限公司 | Rice direct-seeding drip irrigation under mulch-film dry-farming cultivation method |
| CN108901697A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-30 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of quenched cultural method of dry-farming direct-seeding rice drip irrigation economize |
| CN112075306A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-15 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Dry direct seeding cultivation method for rice in saline-alkali soil |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06113686A (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-26 | Oomine Kogyo Kk | Rice culture method |
| CN101422120A (en) * | 2007-11-03 | 2009-05-06 | 新疆天业（集团）有限公司 | Rice direct-seeding drip irrigation under mulch-film dry-farming cultivation method |
| CN108901697A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-30 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of quenched cultural method of dry-farming direct-seeding rice drip irrigation economize |
| CN112075306A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-15 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Dry direct seeding cultivation method for rice in saline-alkali soil |
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