CN114346488A

CN114346488A - Gas conveying gas path system for laser processing equipment

Info

Publication number: CN114346488A
Application number: CN202111627684.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 龚辉; 黎永坚; 蒋峰
Original assignee: Suzhou Maxphotonics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Huanri Laser Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-10
Filing date: 2021-12-28
Publication date: 2022-04-15
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-28
Also published as: CN114346417B; CN114346488B; CN114346490B; CN114346491A; CN114346487A; CN217253757U; CN114346490A; CN114346408A; CN114346487B; CN114346417A; CN217253759U

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and discloses a gas conveying gas path system for laser processing equipment, which comprises a cooling gas path and a protection gas path, wherein the cooling gas path is arranged around the periphery of a laser output head assembly of the laser processing equipment, is arranged around a light passage of the laser processing equipment near an optical lens assembly of the laser processing equipment, and the front end of the protection gas path is communicated with the interior of a spray pipe assembly of the laser processing equipment. Consequently, the cooling gas in the cooling gas circuit leads to the nozzle assembly behind the optical assembly and spout from the spray tube, be used for right the optical assembly cools off, and in protective gas in the protective gas circuit let in the nozzle assembly, blow off the smoke and dust that produces at the work piece of waiting to process simultaneously to the nozzle assembly cooling, guarantee the design of full air-cooled type, be favorable to reducing the weight of laser beam machining head, cool off the inside device of laser beam machining head moreover.

Description

Gas conveying gas path system for laser processing equipment

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of laser air cooling, in particular to a gas conveying gas path system for laser processing equipment.

[ background of the invention ]

Laser welding is a novel welding mode using a focused high-energy laser beam as a heating heat source, and has been widely applied in the manufacturing fields of automobiles, engineering machinery, airplanes, household appliances, high-speed rails, ships, 3C electronics and the like due to the advantages of small heat input, low welding deformation, high weld joint strength, non-contact operation, rich welding types, easiness in automatic intelligent processing, high welding speed, high welding precision, large welding depth-to-width ratio and the like. The complete platform type welding equipment is usually large in size and weight, complex in structure, high in cost and suitable for large enterprises for batch processing operation.

In order to expand the application of laser processing to wider users, the handheld laser welding equipment is produced, the welding processing head is held by hands to finish relative movement for welding processing, and a complex and huge movement control system and a machine tool are omitted, so that the portable laser welding equipment can be made. Through development for years, the handheld laser welding has the advantages of laser welding, small size, light weight, low cost, flexible processing mode, wide application range and the like, has the cost performance advantage equivalent to that of traditional welding equipment such as arc welding, argon arc welding and the like, and gradually obtains wide attention and application.

The conventional integrated laser output head and welding head equipment is cooled by introducing cooling water, so that the risk of water leakage exists, the integrated laser output head and welding head equipment is large in size and weight and high in cost, smoke generated by workpieces to be welded easily pollutes protective lenses inside the integrated laser output head and welding head equipment, and the integrated laser output head and the welding head equipment are damaged.

It is therefore necessary to design a laser machining air cooling system for cooling the optical components of the laser machining head and blowing off fumes generated at the work piece to be welded.

[ summary of the invention ]

The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a gas conveying gas path system for laser processing equipment, and the full air-cooled design is favorable for preventing the laser processing head from being polluted by processing smoke dust and cooling an optical assembly in the laser processing head.

The embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:

the utility model provides a gas transmission gas circuit system for laser processing equipment, includes cooling gas circuit and protection gas circuit, wherein, the cooling gas circuit encircles laser beam output head subassembly periphery setting of laser processing equipment, and near encircleing of optical lens subassembly of laser processing equipment the logical light passageway setting of laser processing equipment, the front end of protection gas circuit with the inside intercommunication of the nozzle assembly of laser processing equipment.

Preferably, the cooling gas path includes a surrounding passage disposed around the laser output head assembly.

Preferably, the cooling gas path comprises a first surrounding structure arranged on the laser output head assembly, and the first surrounding structure is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the laser output head assembly shell to form the surrounding passage.

Preferably, the cooling air path includes a surrounding air duct disposed in front of or behind the focusing lens module of the optical lens assembly, or surrounding the light passage at the front and rear positions.

As a preferred scheme, the cooling air path comprises a second surrounding structure arranged in front of or behind the focusing lens module of the optical lens assembly, or in front of and behind the focusing lens module, and the second surrounding structure is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the base of the laser processing equipment to form the surrounding type air duct.

Preferably, the cooling air path further includes a cooling channel disposed around the periphery of each optical lens of the optical lens assembly, and the cooling channel is communicated with the surrounding air duct.

Preferably, the cooling gas path is provided with a gas wall generator, the gas wall generator comprises a plurality of gas outlet channels which are arranged at the periphery of the light passing channel at intervals, the plurality of gas outlet channels are all arranged to incline from the periphery to the axis of the light passing channel and are communicated with the light passing channel, and the inclination angles of the gas outlet channels of the gas wall generator are the same.

As preferred scheme, the protection gas circuit includes at least one intake duct, the intake duct with the inside intercommunication of spout subassembly, protective gas flows through the intake duct gets into when the spout subassembly is interior under the effect of intake duct the tangential direction of the passageway in the spout subassembly obtains a minute speed to make protective gas be in produce the helical airflow in the spout subassembly.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the gas delivery gas circuit system is provided with two gas circuits, cooling gas in the cooling gas circuit passes through the optical assembly and then leads into the spray pipe assembly and spout from the spray pipe, is used for right the optical assembly cools off, and in protective gas in the protective gas circuit let in the spray pipe assembly, cools off the spray pipe assembly and blows away the smoke and dust that produces at the work piece of waiting to process simultaneously, and the full air-cooled design is guaranteed in the combination of two gas circuits, is favorable to reducing the weight of laser processing head, cools off the device inside the laser processing head moreover. The design of two gas circuits has not only realized cooling and protecting optical assembly, adjusts the relative proportion of gaseous flow size in cooling gas circuit and the protection gas circuit simultaneously according to the processing demand, can make full use of outside gas air current.

[ description of the drawings ]

One or more embodiments are illustrated in drawings corresponding to, and not limiting to, the embodiments, in which elements having the same reference number designation may be represented as similar elements, unless specifically noted, the drawings in the figures are not to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a laser welding gun and a laser according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a laser welding gun according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the laser torch of the embodiment of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a gas delivery gas circuit system of the laser torch of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a second cooling section of an embodiment of the gas delivery circuit system of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the laser output head assembly of the laser welding gun of the embodiment of FIG. 2 in position;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a laser welding torch of the embodiment of FIG. 2 provided with a second cooling zone;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the cooling channel of the laser welding torch moveable mount of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the air duct ring of the laser welding gun of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a configuration of the air duct ring of the laser welding gun of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 11 is another schematic view of the configuration of the air duct ring of the laser welding torch of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle assembly of the laser torch of the embodiment of FIG. 2;

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the spout assembly shown in FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of the gun barrel base of the spout assembly shown in FIG. 12;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the laser welding torch of the embodiment of FIG. 2 with a wire feed assembly.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to"/"mounted to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like as used herein are for descriptive purposes only.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Furthermore, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The technical solution and technical features of the present invention are specifically described by taking a laser welding gun as an example, but the technical solution of the present invention is not limited to be actually applied to a laser welding gun, and other laser processing equipment, such as a laser cutting gun, a laser cleaning gun, etc., having the same, similar or partially same structural features and working components as the laser welding gun, or having the same working principle and application scenario as the laser welding gun, and the technical solution of the present invention can also be applied to these laser processing equipment.

As shown in fig. 1, in order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser welding torch 200, and a laser 100 is connected to a laser output head assembly of the laser welding torch 200 through an optical fiber to input laser light to the laser welding torch 200.

As shown in fig. 2, a laser welding gun 200 is schematically disclosed, which has an overall shape including an actuating portion, a body portion and a hand-held portion, wherein the body portion includes a horizontal section and an inclined section, and the actuating portion and the hand-held portion are respectively connected with the horizontal section and the inclined section, so that the laser welding gun has a substantially pistol shape, which is in accordance with an ergonomic design and is convenient for a hand-held operation.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, structurally, the laser welding gun 200 includes a base 1, a nozzle assembly 2, a connecting seat 3, an optical lens assembly 4, a laser output head assembly 5, and a gas delivery gas path system 6; wherein, base 1 and connecting seat 3 correspond to set up on the body part, and spout subassembly 2 corresponds to set up on the execution part, and laser output head subassembly 5 corresponds to set up on handheld portion, can set up laser welder's whole framework into multistage formula structure. For example, the three-section structure is, from the appearance structure, wherein the first section is the nozzle assembly 2, the second section is the base 1, the third section is the connecting base 3 and the laser output head assembly 5, the optical lens assembly 4 is installed in the base 1 and the connecting base 3, the laser output head assembly 5 is connected with the base 1 through the connecting base 3, and the gas conveying gas path system 6 connects the three sections of structures through a gas path. Therefore, the spray pipe component 2, the base 1 and the laser output head component 5 can be connected in a split mode, and the components can be replaced and maintained independently.

Wherein, nozzle block subassembly 2 is installed at the front end of base 1, and optics lens subassembly 4 includes protective glass module 41, focusing mirror module 42, speculum module 43 and collimating mirror module (not mark), and wherein, protective glass module 41 is located focusing mirror module 42's the place ahead, and speculum module 43 is located focusing mirror module 42's rear, and the collimating mirror module is located the downside at speculum module 43 rear, and laser output head subassembly 5 is located the rear of collimating mirror module. The laser output head assembly 5 outputs laser, firstly, the laser is collimated by the collimating mirror of the collimating mirror module, then the laser is reflected to the focusing mirror of the focusing mirror module 42 by the reflecting mirror through the reflecting mirror of the reflecting mirror module 43 for focusing, and the focused laser is emitted from the nozzle of the spray pipe assembly 2 to act on the welded workpiece through the protective mirror of the protective mirror module 41.

The protective mirror module 41 and the focusing mirror module 42 are installed in the cavity of the base 1, the reflector module 43 and the collimating mirror module are installed in the cavity of the connecting seat 3, the rear end of the base 1 is installed at the front end of the connecting seat 3, the laser output head assembly 5 is installed at the rear end of the connecting seat 3, the gas conveying gas path system 6 is introduced from the rear end of the laser output head assembly 5, along the laser output head assembly 5, the connecting seat 3 and the base 1, and is communicated with the third channel 20 of the spray pipe assembly 2 after being led out from the front end of the base 1.

The inside of base 1 is equipped with and runs through first passageway 10 at front and back both ends, and the inside of connecting seat 1 is equipped with and runs through the second passageway at front and back both ends, and this first passageway 10 and second passageway intercommunication form a part of logical light passageway. Laser output from the laser output head assembly 5 is collimated, reflected and focused by the optical lens assembly in the light-transmitting channel, passes through the third channel 20 of the spray pipe assembly 2, is emitted from the nozzle 23 of the spray pipe assembly 2, and acts on an object to be welded.

Referring to fig. 3 and 12, in the embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle assembly 2 is connected to the front end of the base 1 through the gun barrel base 21, the nozzle assembly 2 is provided therein with a third channel 20 penetrating through the front and rear ends of the nozzle assembly, the third channel 20 is communicated with the first channel 10 of the base 1, and the third channel 20 forms a part of the light transmitting channel. The rear end of the gun tube base 21 is provided with a first connecting component 24, and the spray tube component 2 is connected with the front end of the base 1 through the first connecting component 24. Specifically, the first connecting assembly 24 includes a first flange 241, a first insulating sheet 242 and a first bolt 244, and the first bolt 244 sequentially penetrates through the first flange 241 and the first insulating sheet 242 to be matched with a first threaded hole formed in the front end surface of the base 1, so as to form a fastening connection.

The front end of connecting seat 3 is connected with the rear end of base 1 through second coupling assembling 31, and second coupling assembling 31 spare includes second flange, second insulating piece and second bolt, and the second bolt passes second flange and second insulating piece in proper order and sets up the second screw hole cooperation at base 1 rear end terminal surface, forms the fastening connection.

The front end of the laser output head assembly 5 is provided with a third connecting assembly 56, and the laser output head assembly 5 is connected with the rear end of the connecting seat 3 through the third connecting assembly 56. Specifically, third coupling assembling 56 includes third flange, sealed pad and third bolt, and the third bolt passes third flange and sealed pad in proper order and sets up the cooperation in the third screw hole of connecting seat 3 rear end terminal surface, forms fastening connection.

As shown in fig. 6, in particular, the laser output head assembly 5 includes an outer shell 51, an inner shell 52 hermetically mounted in the outer shell 51, and a quartz end cap 53 and an energy transmission fiber 54 disposed in the inner shell 52. Wherein, quartz end cap 53 is set at the front end of inner shell 52, energy transmission fiber 54 is set along the axial direction of inner shell 52, one end of energy transmission fiber 54 is connected with quartz end cap 53, and the other end is extended from inner shell 52 and connected with laser 100, so as to transmit the laser output by laser 100 to quartz end cap 53. The third connecting assembly 56 is provided on the front end of the housing 51, the third flange is provided on the housing 51, and the laser output head assembly 5 is connected to the rear end of the connecting socket 3 through the housing 51.

The advantage that sets up like this has realized the integrated design of laser output head to be connected with the soldered connection, thereby be different from traditional hand-held type laser welding equipment, the laser instrument of adoption is that the QBH connects the output, connects the laser soldered connection structure with hand-held type through the QBH. The defects that the back-and-forth pulling and inserting are not accurate, the reliability and the stability are not high, the redundant connector assembly causes the weight and the volume of a welding head to be large and the like caused by the adoption of the traditional butt joint mode are avoided.

The integrated laser output head and the connection mode of the integrated laser output head and the welding head are adopted in the embodiment of the invention, the laser output head and the welding head do not need to be repeatedly and mutually inserted, and the risk of back-and-forth pulling and inserting misalignment in the butt joint mode is effectively avoided.

As shown in fig. 3, in the base 1, the protective mirror module 41 is positioned in front of the focusing mirror module 42. The protective mirror module 41 is mainly used for blocking particulate matters such as smoke, splashes and the like which enter the cavity of the base 1 from the third channel 20 of the nozzle assembly 2 probabilistically, and preventing the particulate matters from contacting the focusing mirror module to cause pollution and damage of the focusing mirror, so as to protect the focusing mirror.

The protection lens module 41 and the focusing lens module 42 are detachably mounted in the base 1 through a first mounting structure 44, and the first mounting structure 44 includes a guiding fixing portion 441 and a movable mounting portion 442 slidably and snap-fitted with the guiding fixing portion 441. The guiding fixing portion 441 is disposed in the cavity of the base 1 to limit and fix the movable mounting member 442, the movable mounting member 442 is used for respectively and correspondingly mounting the optical lenses of the protective lens module 41 and the focusing lens module 42, and the optical lenses are mounted in the movable mounting member 442.

Because the movable mounting part 442 can be freely taken out from the guide fixing part 441 or assembled, when the optical lens is replaced or maintained, the optical lens installed in the movable mounting part 442 only needs to be independently taken out from the guide fixing part 441 of the movable mounting part 442 corresponding to the optical module to be replaced or maintained, and then the optical lens is replaced or maintained without detaching the whole base 1 or detaching all the optical modules, so that the optical lens can be replaced or maintained, the replacement and maintenance of the optical lens of each optical module are more convenient and faster, and the maintenance time is saved.

Referring to fig. 3 and 8, the guide fixing portion 441 may be a guide groove formed around the inner wall of the cavity of the base 1, the movable mounting portion 442 may be a box body with a hollow middle portion, the hollow portion of the box body forms a light opening 443, the optical lens is mounted in the box body, and the box body is movably clamped in the guide groove to form a drawer structure.

In order to improve the sealing performance of the movable attachment member and the guide fixing portion, a sealing ring may be provided between the movable attachment member and the guide fixing portion, for example, the sealing ring may be provided on a side wall of the guide groove, or the sealing ring may be provided on two opposite end surfaces of the case. The sealing ring can improve the tightness and the tightness of the cooperation of the sealing ring and the gas conveying gas circuit system, so that the gas leakage in the gas conveying gas circuit system is prevented, the cooling effect of a cooling gas circuit is reduced, and meanwhile, the optical lens is prevented from being polluted and damaged due to the fact that particles such as smoke dust, splashes and the like entering the cavity of the base 1 contact the optical lens.

In addition, a contact sensor is further arranged on the guide fixing part at the installation position of each optical module and used for sensing whether the movable installation piece is assembled in place or not so as to check whether the protective lens module and the focusing lens module are assembled in place or not, the accuracy of the position of the optical lens module installed in the base is improved, and manual assembly errors are avoided; for example, the contact sensor may be installed at the bottom of the guide groove.

The first mounting structure 44 further includes a first opening 444 and a first cover 445 coupled to the first opening 444, wherein the first opening 444 is disposed on the base 1 and located above the mounting positions of the focusing lens module 42 and the protection lens module 41. When the first cover 445 is opened, the movable mounting member 442 and the guide fixing portion 441 are exposed in the first opening 444, and the movable mounting member 442 can be taken out of the cavity of the base 1 through the first opening 444 or remounted in the base 1, so as to facilitate the installation, replacement and maintenance of the optical lens. The movable mounting member 442 may be fixedly connected to the first cover 445, so that the movable mounting member 442 can be taken out together with the first cover 445 when the first cover 445 is opened, the first cover 445 is further provided with a release bolt, the release bolt may fasten the first cover 445 to the base 1 to seal the first opening 444, and when the release bolt is loosened, the release bolt may not be released from the first cover 445, and at this time, the release bolt may serve as a handle, and the first cover may be taken out from the first opening 444 by holding the release bolt.

In addition, as shown in fig. 8, a cooling channel 440 is disposed on the movable mounting member 442, the cooling channel 440 is disposed around the periphery of the optical lens, and two ends of the cooling channel 440 are respectively provided with a docking hole 446, the docking holes 446 are used for communicating with a cooling air channel, so that cooling air in the cooling air channel flows through the cooling channel 440 to cool the optical lens.

Specifically, the cooling channel 440 may be disposed at a position near the extension of the box body, and the shape of the cooling channel 440 may be U-shaped, rectangular, or semicircular, which can surround the outer circumference of the optical lens. The butt joint holes 446 penetrate through the end face of the box body to be communicated with the cooling channel 440, the two butt joint holes 446 at the two ends of the cooling channel 440 penetrate through the two end faces opposite to the box body to be communicated with the cooling channel 440, so that cooling gas can flow in from one end of the cooling channel 440 and flow out from the other end of the cooling channel 440, the effect of flowing around the optical lens is achieved through the cooling gas, the optical lens can be fully cooled, and the cooling efficiency of the cooling gas circuit is improved.

The collimating lens module can also be detachably mounted in the cavity of the connecting seat through the above-mentioned first mounting structure, but the position of the first mounting structure is different, and the description is omitted here.

As shown in fig. 3, the reflector module 43 is detachably mounted in the cavity of the connector holder 3 through a second mounting structure 45. Second mounting structure 45 holds chamber 451 including the speculum module that sets up in connecting seat 3, this speculum module holds chamber 451 includes speculum portion of holding and the mirror motor portion of holding that shakes, speculum portion of holding and logical light passageway intercommunication, the shape of the mirror motor portion of holding that shakes and the mirror motor appearance profile looks adaptation that shakes of speculum module 43, speculum module 43 through shake the mirror motor with shake mirror motor portion of holding movable sleeve joint cooperation, the realization reaches to dismantle with connecting seat 3 location installation and is connected.

Second mounting structure 45 still includes the second opening and with second opening matched with second closing cap, the second opening sets up on connecting seat 3 to be located the top that the speculum module held the chamber 451, open the second closing cap, the speculum module exposes in the second opening, can take out speculum module 43 from the cavity of connecting seat 3 through the second opening, or install again in connecting seat 3, so that optical lens's installation is changed and is maintained. The rear end of the galvanometer motor can be fixedly connected with the second sealing cover, so that the galvanometer motor and the reflector module can be taken out together when the second sealing cover is opened. The second sealing cover is further provided with a release bolt, the release bolt can be used for tightly connecting the second sealing cover to the connecting seat so as to seal the second opening, when the release bolt is loosened, the release bolt cannot be loosened from the second sealing cover, the release bolt can serve as a lifting handle, and the second sealing cover is taken out from the second opening by holding the release bolt.

In addition, the peripheries of the connecting seat 3 and the laser output head assembly 5 are also provided with protective cases, and the protective cases wrap the connecting seat 3 and the laser output head assembly 5 integrally so as to improve the connection strength and the structural strength between the connecting seat 3 and the laser output head assembly 5. Prevent that laser welder from taking place deformation because of external force when handheld during operation, laser output head subassembly 5 and its and connecting seat 3 hookup location, influence laser welder's normal use, harm optical device even.

The protective housing comprises an upper housing 71, and a left housing 72 and a right housing 73 which are arranged oppositely, wherein the left housing 72 and the right housing 73 both comprise a first coating section and a second coating section. Wherein, the first wrapping sections of the left shell 72 and the right shell 73 wrap the lower side and the left and right sides of the connecting seat 3 from the left side and the right side respectively, and the left and right sides of the upper shell 71 are connected with the first wrapping sections of the left shell 72 and the right shell 73 respectively to wrap the upper side of the connecting seat 3. Therefore, the first covering sections of the left shell 72 and the right shell 73 and the upper shell 71 are connected and matched to wholly cover the connecting base 3, and the second covering sections of the left shell 72 and the right shell 73 are connected and matched to wholly cover the laser output head assembly 5.

The benefit that sets up like this is, except that improving joint strength and the structural strength between connecting seat 3 and the laser output head group 5, prevents that laser welder from taking place outside deformation because of external force at handheld during operation, laser output head group 5 and its and connecting seat 3 hookup location. When the optical module in the connecting seat 3 needs to be replaced or maintained, the upper shell 71 only needs to be disassembled for corresponding operation, and the protective shell does not need to be integrally disassembled, so that the convenience of replacing and maintaining the optical module is improved.

In the working process of the laser welding gun, on one hand, due to the long-time output of laser, the generated heat is easy to damage the optical lens due to the accumulation of the generated heat, and on the other hand, particulate matters such as smoke dust, splashes and the like generated in the welding process are easy to enter from the third channel of the spray pipe assembly and contact with the optical lens, and the phenomenon that the optical lens is burnt and damaged can also be caused.

Therefore, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, two gas paths are necessary to perform gas path cooling and gas path protection on the optical lens, and for this purpose, the gas delivery gas path system 6 is provided with a cooling gas path 61 and a protection gas path 62.

In the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the direction indicated by the illustrated arrows is the direction in which the gas flows in each gas path.

The cooling gas path 61 includes a first gas inlet section 611, a first cooling section 612, a second cooling section 613, and a first gas outlet section 614.

Specifically, the first gas inlet section 611 is used for connecting with an external gas source pipeline so as to introduce gas into the cooling gas circuit 61. First air inlet section 611 can be the trachea, tracheal rear end is connected with the valve body 60 of outside air supply, the rear end of first cooling segment 612 is equipped with first air inlet, tracheal front end is connected with first air inlet, first air inlet can be the first through-hole of seting up on the lateral wall of the casing rear end of laser output head subassembly, this first through-hole runs through the lateral wall and the first cooling segment intercommunication of casing, first air inlet section is connected with first through-hole through sealed adapter to realize the purpose that trachea and first air inlet are connected.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the first cooling section 612 is disposed around the outer circumference of the laser output head assembly 5, and specifically, the first cooling section 612 is disposed around the outer circumference of the inner casing 52 in the outer casing 51 of the laser output head assembly 5. Because the inner shell 52 has good heat-conducting property, the inner shell can sufficiently absorb heat generated by the quartz end cap 53, and when the cooling gas passes through the first cooling section 612, the cooling gas is in a surrounding path and bypasses the outer periphery of the inner shell 52 of the laser output head assembly 5, so that the cooling gas can sufficiently contact with the inner shell 52, the heat transmitted to the inner shell 52 by the quartz end cap 53 can be sufficiently absorbed, and a good cooling effect is achieved on the quartz end cap 53.

Wherein, the quartz end cap 53 is disposed at the front end of the inner casing 52, the inner casing 52 is a tubular structure, the sidewall of the inner casing 52 is provided with a first surrounding structure 55, the first surrounding structure 55 is disposed around the axis of the inner casing 52, the first cooling section 612 includes the first surrounding structure 55, and the first surrounding structure 55 and the inner wall of the outer casing 51 of the laser output head assembly 5 are in sealing fit to form a surrounding passage.

Specifically, the first surrounding structure 55 is a plurality of first annular grooves disposed on the sidewall of the inner casing 52, the first annular grooves are sequentially communicated, and the first annular grooves and the inner wall of the casing are in sealing fit to form a multi-ring passage disposed around the inner casing 52. The multiple ring path is the first cooling section 612, so that the gas flow of the cooling gas flows through the first cooling section 612 to form a multiple ring-shaped surrounding path around the sidewall of the inner casing 52.

Alternatively, the first encircling structure 55 is a first spiral groove disposed on the side wall of the inner shell 52, and the inner shell 52 is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the shell, so that the first spiral groove and the inner wall of the shell form a spiral passage in sealing fit, which is the first cooling section 612, so that a spiral encircling path is realized on the side wall of the inner shell 52 when the airflow of the cooling gas flows through the first cooling section 612.

The first helical groove may be a single helical groove or a multiple helical groove, and the first helical groove may be formed by providing a helical fin on the side wall of the inner casing 52 or by providing a helical groove on the side wall of the inner casing 52.

Alternatively, the first surrounding structure is one or more first air pipes wound around the side wall of the inner shell 52, and the first air pipes are the first cooling section, so that the air flow of the cooling air can wind around the side wall of the inner shell 52 in a spiral surrounding path.

The front end of the first cooling section 612 is provided with a first air outlet, which may be a second through hole formed on the side wall of the front end of the housing 51, and the second through hole penetrates through the side wall of the housing 51 to communicate with the first cooling section 612. Specifically, the first gas inlet is communicated with the rear end of the spiral groove, the first gas outlet is communicated with the front end of the spiral groove, the first cooling section 612 and the second cooling section 613 can be connected through the first conveying section 615, and cooling gas enters the first conveying section 615 through the first gas outlet after coming out of the first cooling section 612 and then flows to the second cooling section 613 through the first conveying section 615.

The first conveying section 615 may be an air conveying passage formed on the side walls of the housing 51 and the connecting base 3 from back to front along the axis, or may be a section of pipeline disposed outside the side walls of the housing 51 and the connecting base 3. The structure of the cooling gas circuit can be simplified by arranging the gas transmission channels on the side walls of the shell 51 and the connecting seat 3, and the gas transmission channels have better gas tightness, so that the appearance of the laser welding gun is more attractive, but the processing technology is slightly complex. The pipelines are arranged outside the side walls of the shell 51 and the connecting seat 3, so that the complexity of the processing process can be reduced, but the structural complexity of the cooling air circuit can be increased.

Referring to fig. 4 and 7, the second cooling section 613 is located near the focusing lens module 42 and disposed around the light passage, and when the cooling gas passes through the second cooling section 613, the cooling gas is in a surrounding path and bypasses near the focusing lens module 42, so that the cooling gas can sufficiently absorb heat dissipated to the periphery of the focusing lens module 42, and a better cooling effect is achieved for the focusing lens.

The second cooling section 613 may be disposed behind the focusing lens module 42 and next to the focusing lens module 42, so that the cooling gas can sufficiently absorb heat dissipated to the surroundings of the focusing lens module 42. The second cooling section 613 may be disposed in front of the focusing lens module 42, and at this time, the second cooling section 613 is just located between the focusing lens module 42 and the reflecting lens module 41, so that the cooling gas of the second cooling section 613 can sufficiently absorb the heat dissipated from the focusing lens module 42 to the surroundings thereof, and simultaneously absorb the heat dissipated from the protective lens module 41 at the same time, thereby cooling the protective lens of the protective lens module 41. In addition, the second cooling section 613 may be disposed at the rear and the front of the focusing mirror module 42 to obtain a better cooling effect.

As shown in fig. 7, specifically, the wind tunnel ring 8 is provided behind or in front of the focusing mirror module 42, or the wind tunnel ring 8 is provided behind and in front of the focusing mirror module 42. The air duct ring 8 is hermetically installed in the cavity of the base 1, the air duct ring 8 is a tubular structure, a hollow portion of the air duct ring 8 forms a portion of the light passage, the air duct ring 8 can be hermetically matched with the inner wall of the cavity of the base 1 to form a circular air duct, and the circular air duct forms the second cooling section 613. When the air duct rings 8 are arranged behind and in front of the focusing lens module 42, the surrounding air ducts of the two air duct rings 8 are communicated through a connecting air duct.

The air duct ring 8 has good heat-conducting property, can play the cooling effect of heat dissipation to the focusing mirror module 42, and the heat that the focusing mirror module 42 gived off can fully contact with the cooling gas that flows through in the surrounding air duct of air duct ring 8 to fully absorb the heat that the focusing mirror module 42 gived off, have good cooling effect to the focusing mirror module 42.

Specifically, the side wall of the air duct ring 8 is provided with a second surrounding structure 81, the second surrounding structure 81 is disposed around the axis of the air duct ring 8, the second cooling section 613 includes the second surrounding structure 81, and the second surrounding structure 81 can be in sealing fit with the inner wall of the cavity of the base 1 to form a surrounding air duct.

More specifically, the second surrounding structure 81 is a plurality of second annular grooves formed in the side wall of the air duct ring 8, the second annular grooves are sequentially communicated, and the second annular grooves and the inner wall of the cavity of the base 1 are in sealing fit to form a multi-ring air duct surrounding the light passing channel.

Or, the second surrounding structure 81 is a second spiral groove formed on the side wall of the air duct ring 8, and the second spiral groove is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the cavity of the base 1 to form a spiral air duct surrounding the light passing channel. The second spiral groove may be a single spiral groove or a multiple spiral groove, and the second spiral groove may be formed by providing a spiral heat sink on the side wall of the air duct ring 8, or by providing a spiral groove on the side wall of the air duct ring.

Or the second surrounding structure is formed by winding one or more second gas pipes with good heat conduction performance on the side wall of the air duct ring, and the second gas pipes are the second cooling section, so that the airflow of the cooling gas can realize a spiral surrounding path to wind on the side wall of the air duct ring.

The rear end of the second cooling section 613 is provided with a second air inlet, and the front end of the second cooling section 613 is provided with a second air outlet. The front end of the first conveying section 615 is connected with a second gas inlet for introducing the cooling gas into the second cooling section 613, and a second gas outlet is connected with the first output section 614 for leading out the cooling gas from the second cooling section 613 into the first output section 614.

The second air inlet may be a third through hole penetrating through the side wall of the base 1, the third through hole communicates the first conveying section 615 with the rear end of the circular air duct on the side wall of the air duct ring 8, the second air outlet is a fourth through hole penetrating through the side wall of the base 1, and the fourth through hole communicates the first output section with the front end of the circular air duct on the side wall of the air duct ring 8.

Referring to fig. 4 and 9, the first output section 614 is disposed in front of the protective lens module 41, the first output section 614 is provided with an air wall generator 90, the air wall generator 90 includes a plurality of air outlet channels 91 arranged at intervals on the periphery of the light passing channel 10, and the plurality of air outlet channels 91 are all disposed to be inclined from the periphery to the axis of the light passing channel and are communicated with the light passing channel. The outlet channels 91 of the air wall generator 90 have the same inclination angle, which is defined as the angle between the extension line of the axis of the outlet channel 91 and the axis of the light-passing channel.

The cooling gas is branched to flow into the third passage 20 of the front nozzle block 2 through the plurality of outlet passages 91 of the air wall generator 90 while passing through the first outlet section 614. Because each air outlet channel 91 of the air wall generator 90 is obliquely arranged and has the same inclination angle, the air flows flowing out of each air outlet channel 91 are converged and intersected at the same focus by the same inclination angle, and an annular air wall 10 is formed in front of the focus. The air wall 10 can prevent particles such as smoke dust and splashes entering from the third channel 20 of the nozzle assembly 2 from entering the inner cavity of the base 1, and plays a good role in protecting the protective glasses of the protective glass module 41.

One or more air wall generators can be arranged according to actual conditions, each air wall generator correspondingly generates one air wall, and the one or more air walls are generated by adjusting the inclination angles of the air outlet channels of different air wall generators. When the first output section is provided with a plurality of air wall generators, the plurality of air wall generators are arranged in an order in which the inner air wall generators are surrounded by the outer air wall generators.

Multiple air wall generators may generate the same air wall or may generate multiple air walls correspondingly. When a plurality of air wall generators generate the same air wall, the cooling air flowing out from the air outlet channels of the plurality of air wall generators is converged and intersected at the same focus. Therefore, the inclination angles of the air outlet channels of the air wall generators are gradually decreased from outside to inside, and the extension lines of the axes of the air outlet channels of the air wall generators are intersected at the same point. When a plurality of air wall generators correspondingly generate a plurality of air walls, the cooling air flowing out of the air outlet channels of different air wall generators is converged and intersected at different focuses. Therefore, the inclination angles of the air outlet channels of the air wall generators are equal or gradually increased from outside to inside, and the closer the air wall generator is to the axis of the light passing channel, the closer the focal point of the extension line of the air outlet channel axis is to the first output section.

For example, as shown in fig. 10 or fig. 11, the first output section is provided with two air wall generators, named as a first air wall generator 901 and a second air wall generator 902, respectively, and the first air wall generator 901 is wrapped outside the second air wall generator 902. At this time, if two air wall generators are to generate the same air wall, the inclination angle of the air outlet channel of the second air wall generator 902 is smaller than that of the air outlet channel of the first air wall generator 901. Thus, after the inclination angles of the outlet channels of the first air wall generator 901 and the second air wall generator 902 are calculated, it is possible to realize that the extension lines of the outlet channels of the first air wall generator 901 and the second air wall generator 902 intersect at the same focus, so that the air flows flowing out of the outlet channels of the first air wall generator 901 and the second air wall generator 902 converge and intersect at the same focus, and an air wall is formed in front of the focus.

Accordingly, if two air wall generators are to generate two different air walls, the inclination angle of the air outlet channel of the second air wall generator 902 is equal to or greater than the inclination angle of the air outlet channel of the first air wall generator 901. Thus, after the inclination angles of the outlet channels of the first air wall generator 901 and the second air wall generator 902 are calculated, it is possible to achieve that the outlet channel axis extensions of the first air wall generator 901 and the second air wall generator 902 intersect at different focuses, and the focus of the outlet channel axis extension of the second air wall generator 902 is closer to the first output section than the focus of the outlet channel axis extension of the first air wall generator 901, so that the air flows from the outlet channels of the first air wall generator 901 and the second air wall generator 902 converge at two different focuses and respectively form an air wall in front of the two focuses.

The principle of generating different numbers of air walls by other numbers of air wall generators is the same as the principle of the above embodiment of generating air walls for two air wall generators, and the description thereof is omitted.

Referring back to fig. 9, specifically, an air wall ring 9 is disposed in front of the protective lens module 41, the air wall ring 9 is hermetically installed in the cavity of the base 1, and the air wall ring 9 includes a light hole 92, an air storage portion 93, and the air wall generator 90. The light through hole 92 is communicated with the cavity of the base 1 to form a part of the light through channel, the gas storage part 93 is an annular groove formed on the side wall of the gas wall ring 9, the annular groove is hermetically connected with the inner wall of the cavity of the base 1 to form a gas storage chamber, and the gas outlet channel 91 of the gas wall generator 90 communicates the gas storage chamber with the light through channel.

The first output section 614 includes a third air inlet, an air storage chamber and an air wall generator 90, and the second air outlet of the second cooling section 613 is connected to the third air inlet through the second conveying section 616, so as to introduce the cooling air flowing out of the second cooling section 613 into the air storage chamber. The second conveying section 616 is a section of gas conveying section which is arranged in the side wall of the base 1 along the axis, a fifth through hole is radially formed in the front end of the second conveying section 616 along the base, the fifth through hole is a third gas inlet, and the fifth through hole communicates the second conveying section with the gas storage chamber.

The cooling gas flowing out of the second cooling section 613 is input into the air chamber from the third air inlet through the second conveying section 616, and then flows out into the light passing channel through the air outlet channel 91 of the air wall generator 90, so as to form the air wall 10 in the light passing channel.

One or more air wall generators may be disposed on the air wall ring 9 to generate one or more air walls in the light passing channel, and the air outlet channels of the air wall generators may be inclined holes disposed on the bottom wall of the annular groove or inclined holes disposed on the end wall of the front end of the annular groove, and the arrangement manner of the inclined holes is the same as that of the air outlet channels of the air wall generators described in the above embodiments, which is not described herein again.

Returning to fig. 8, it was mentioned above that the movable mounting part 442 of the first mounting structure is provided with a cooling channel 440, the purpose of the cooling channel 440 being to cool the optical lens of the optical module. Accordingly, the second cooling section 613 may be formed by the cooling duct 440 alone or by a combination of the above-mentioned wrap-around duct and the cooling duct.

Specifically, when the second cooling stage 613 is formed by the cooling duct 440 alone, the cooling gas output from the first cooling stage 612 is delivered into the cooling duct 440 through the first delivery stage 615. The cooling gas flows around the periphery of the optical lens in the cooling channel 440 to cool the optical lens, and then enters the cooling channel of the next optical module, and so on, and finally flows back to the first output section 614 from the docking hole of the cooling channel of the last optical module.

For example, the cooling gas delivered from the first delivery stage first enters the cooling duct of the movable mounting part of the focusing mirror module 42 and bypasses along the outer periphery of the focusing mirror to cool the focusing mirror. Then the cooling gas that comes out in the cooling channel of follow focus lens module enters into the cooling channel of the movable mounting part of protective glass module again, detours along the protective glass periphery to cool off the protective glass. And finally, conveying the cooling gas coming out of the cooling channel of the protective mirror module to the gas wall ring at the front end through the second conveying section.

When the second cooling section 613 is formed by the combination of the circulating air duct 80 and the cooling duct 440, it can be seen from the above description that the circulating air duct 80 can be disposed behind or in front of the focusing mirror module 42, or both. Therefore, when the second cooling section is formed by the combination of the surrounding air duct and the cooling duct, the combination form includes the following:

first, as shown in fig. 5 and 8, the cooling gas is first conveyed into the circular air duct 80 through the first conveying section, and then flows out after bypassing the circular air duct 80, and then enters the cooling duct 440 of the focusing mirror module 42, and the cooling gas bypasses along the periphery of the focusing mirror in the cooling duct 440 to cool the focusing mirror. Then the cooling gas enters the cooling channel of the protective mirror module, and the cooling gas bypasses along the periphery of the protective mirror in the cooling channel to cool the protective mirror, and finally flows back to the first output section from the butt joint hole of the cooling channel of the protective mirror module.

The second kind, cooling gas firstly carries to the cooling channel of focusing mirror module in through first transport section, cooling gas detours along the periphery of focusing mirror in the cooling channel, in order to cool off the focusing mirror, the cooling gas who comes out from the cooling channel gets into in the surrounding type wind channel, it comes out after detouring in the surrounding type wind channel, reentrant the cooling channel of protective glass module, cooling gas detours along the periphery of protective glass in the cooling channel, in order to cool off the protective glass, at last, flow back to first output section in from the butt joint hole of the cooling channel of protective glass module.

And thirdly, cooling gas is firstly conveyed into the surrounding air channel through the first conveying section, bypasses the surrounding air channel and then comes out, enters the cooling channel of the focusing mirror module, and bypasses the cooling gas along the periphery of the focusing mirror in the cooling channel so as to cool the focusing mirror. The cooling gas from the cooling channel enters the surrounding air channel again, and then enters the cooling channel of the protective mirror module after bypassing the surrounding air channel, the cooling gas bypasses along the periphery of the protective mirror in the cooling channel to cool the protective mirror, and finally flows back to the first output section from the butt joint hole of the cooling channel of the protective mirror module.

The specific structural form of the surrounding air duct mentioned in the above three modes can be realized by the above mentioned wind wall ring, and the details are not described here.

In addition, each optical module's mounted position department still is equipped with temperature sensor, and temperature sensor is used for the operating temperature of real-time monitoring optical module, and when monitoring the temperature anomaly, in time feeds back unusual information, as unusual alarm signal to remind the operator to stop using.

Returning to fig. 4, the protection gas path 62 includes a second gas inlet section 621, a third delivery section 622, and a second input section 623. The second air inlet section 621 is located at the front end of the protection air path 62, the second input section 623 is located at the tail end of the protection air path 62, and the second air inlet section 621 is used for being connected with an external air source pipeline so as to connect air into the protection air path. The second air intake section 621 may be an air pipe, the rear end of the air pipe is connected to the valve body 60 of the external air source, and the second air intake section 621 may share the same external air source with the first air intake section 611.

For example, the valve body 60 is a three-way valve through which an external air source is connected to the first air intake section 611 and the second air intake section 621, respectively. The second air intake section 621 is connected to a fourth air intake port provided on the base 1. The fourth air inlet may be a seventh through hole formed in the side wall of the rear end of the base 1, the seventh through hole penetrates through the side wall of the base 1 and is communicated with the third conveying section 622, and the second air inlet section 621 is connected with the seventh through hole through a sealing adapter, so as to achieve the purpose that the second air inlet section 621 is connected with the fourth air inlet.

The third conveying section 622 may be an air conveying passage formed on the side wall of the base 1 from the back to the front along the axis, or may be a section of pipeline arranged outside the side wall of the base 1. The gas transmission channel is arranged on the side wall of the base 1, so that the structure of a gas protection circuit can be simplified, the gas tightness is good, the appearance of the laser welding gun is attractive, and the processing technology is complex. The pipeline is arranged outside the side wall of the base 1, so that the complexity of the processing technology can be reduced, but the structural complexity of the protection gas circuit can be increased.

One end of the second input section 623 is communicated with the third channel 24 of the nozzle assembly 2, and the other end is connected with the third conveying section 622, and the second input section 623 can introduce the shielding gas of the third conveying section 622 into the third channel 24 of the nozzle assembly 2.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 12, the nozzle assembly 2 includes a nozzle 23, a barrel 22 and a barrel seat 21 coaxially connected in sequence, and the nozzle 23, the barrel 22 and the barrel seat 21 are all arranged along an axis in a hollow structure, and the hollow parts of the three are communicated to form a third channel 24 penetrating through the entire nozzle assembly 2. The third channel 24 is used for the gas output by the gas conveying gas circuit system to pass through, and is sprayed out from the nozzle 23 to act on the welded object. Meanwhile, the third channel 24 is also used for the laser output from the optical lens assembly to pass through and be emitted from the nozzle 23 to act on the welded object.

At least one air inlet channel 25 is arranged on the gun barrel seat 21, one end of the air inlet channel 25 is communicated with the third conveying section 622, the other end of the air inlet channel 25 is communicated with the third channel 24, and the second input section 623 comprises the air inlet channel 25.

In order to effectively prevent particles such as dust, spatter and the like outside the welding gun from entering the inner cavity of the base 1 along the third channel 24 to contaminate the optical lens and cause the lens to be burnt out, the air inlet channel 25 is obliquely arranged from the outer end of the gun barrel base 21 to the axis. When the shielding gas input from the third conveying section 622 enters the third passage 24 through the inclined inlet channel 25, the flow direction is changed under the action of the inlet channel 25, so that the gas flow enters the third passage 24 and then flows towards the nozzle 23 in a spiral shape.

Because the gas flows in the third channel 24 in a spiral shape, the flow resistance caused by the inner wall in the third channel 24 is small, so that the gas flow can obtain a relatively consistent flow speed no matter at the edge or the center of the third channel 24, the gas flow is ensured to flow towards the nozzle 23 integrally at a constant speed, the resistance of particles such as smoke dust and splashes to move towards the optical lens assembly along the third channel 24 is increased, the particles such as the smoke dust and the splashes are effectively prevented from contacting with the lens of the optical lens assembly, and the purpose of preventing the optical lens from being polluted and burning out is achieved. In addition, the high temperature at the nozzle 23 can be prevented from being continuously transmitted to the rear end of the nozzle assembly 2, and the nozzle assembly 2 is cooled.

The inclined form of the air inlet channel 25 can be plane inclination or three-dimensional space inclination, when the air inlet channel is plane inclination, the axis of the air inlet channel is coplanar with the axis of the third channel 24, and after protective gas flows into the third channel 24 through the air inlet channel 25, the gas and the inner wall of the third channel 24 are collided for multiple times to stir the gas flow of the third channel 24, so that the gas flow gradually forms a spiral form in the third channel 24.

As shown in fig. 14, when the air intake duct 25 is inclined in a three-dimensional space, an XYZ three-dimensional space coordinate system is established with the center of the hollow portion of the barrel base 21 as a base point, in which the X axis coincides with the axis of the barrel base 21, so that the inclination angle of the air intake duct 25 can be expressed more intuitively. Specifically, the air inlet 25 and the XY plane, the YZ plane and the XZ plane are all provided with inclination angles, so that the protective gas flowing into the third channel 24 from the air inlet 25 can be ensured to obtain an initial direction inclined in the XYZ three-dimensional space coordinate system. When the shielding gas enters the third channel 24 from the gas inlet 25, a component velocity is formed in the tangential direction of the third channel 24, and the component velocity is favorable for forming a spiral shape in the third channel 24 by the gas flow, so that the gas can obtain the gas flow in the spiral shape after entering the third channel 24, and the purpose of forming the spiral shape flow in the third channel 24 by the shielding gas is achieved.

When the air inlets 25 are provided in plural, the air inlets 25 are provided at intervals along the outer periphery of the gun barrel base 21, and each air inlet 25 can be set to the same inclined posture, and the inclination angle of each air inlet 21 is ensured to be the same, so that the shielding gas flowing from each air inlet 25 into the third passage 24 obtains the same initial direction. The arrangement has the advantages that the gas flowing into the third channel 24 from each air inlet 25 can be ensured to form the same air flow in the spiral shape, and because the spiral shapes of the air flows are the same and are consistent in step, no interference is generated between the air flows, the flowing spiral air flow in the third channel 24 is ensured to be more stable and uniform, no turbulent air flow interference exists, and therefore a more effective prevention effect on particles such as smoke dust and splashes can be obtained.

When the inlet 25 is plane-inclined, the angle between the axis of the inlet 25 and the axis of the third passage 24 may be selected in the range of 20 ° to 80 °. For example, the angle between the axis of the inlet 25 and the axis of the third passage 24 may be set to 30 °, 45 ° or 60 °, and the gas flowing into the third passage 24 with these angles as the initial direction may obtain a better spiral gas flow.

When the air inlet channel 25 is inclined in space, in an XYZ space coordinate system, the included angle between the air inlet channel 25 and an XY plane, the included angle between the air inlet channel 25 and an XZ plane, and the included angle between the air inlet channel 25 and a YZ plane are equal, and the included angles between the air inlet channel 25 and the three planes can be selected within the range of 20-80 degrees. For example, the angles between the inlet duct 25 and the XY plane, the XZ plane, and the YZ plane may be set to 30 °, 45 °, or 60 °, and the gas flowing into the inner duct may be obtained in a spiral form using these angles as the initial directions.

Of course, the inlet channel 25 of the barrel base 21 may be arranged in a spiral around the axis of the third passage 24 so that a pre-spiral pattern of shielding gas is obtained in the inlet channel 25. After the shielding gas flows into the third channel 24 from the gas inlet 25, the shielding gas retains the initial form of the pre-spiral form in the gas inlet 24, so that the shielding gas can more easily obtain the gas flow in the spiral form in the third channel 24, thereby achieving the purpose of forming the spiral form flow of the shielding gas in the third channel.

Alternatively, the air inlet 25 on the gun barrel base 21 may be configured in an arc shape (e.g., an arc or an elliptical arc), and similarly, when the shielding gas enters the third channel 24 from the air inlet 25, a component velocity is provided in a tangential direction of the third channel 24, and the component velocity is favorable for forming a spiral shape in the third channel 24 by the air flow, so that the shielding gas can obtain the spiral air flow after entering the third channel 24, and the purpose of forming the spiral shape flow in the third channel 24 by the shielding gas is achieved.

As shown in fig. 13, the hollow part of the gun barrel base 21 is arranged as a first passage 210, the hollow part of the gun barrel 22 is arranged as a second passage 220, the hollow part of the nozzle 23 is arranged as a third passage 230, and the first passage 210, the second passage 220 and the third passage 230 are communicated in sequence to form a complete third passage 24. The shielding gas in the shielding gas path flows into the first path 210 through the gas inlet 25, a spiral gas flow 20 starts to form in the first path 210, and the spiral gas flow 20 gradually flows through the second path 220 and the third path 230, and finally flows out from the third path 230.

The second passage 220 includes an acceleration cavity 221 and a buffer cavity 222, the acceleration cavity 221 is provided with a large end and a small end, the cross section of the acceleration cavity 221 is gradually reduced from the large end to the small end of the acceleration cavity 221, the cross section of the buffer cavity 222 is larger than that of the small end of the acceleration cavity 221, and the cross section is defined as a section perpendicular to the axis of the acceleration cavity 221. The cross section of the accelerating cavity 221 may be circular, oval, or polygonal such as rectangular, square, trapezoid, etc. The cross-section of the buffer chamber 222 may be circular, oval, or polygonal such as rectangular, square, trapezoidal, etc.

For example, the acceleration chamber 221 has a conical shape, the buffer chamber 222 has a cylindrical shape, a large end of the acceleration chamber 221 communicates with the first passage 210, and a small end of the acceleration chamber 221 communicates with a rear end of the buffer chamber 222. The diameter of the buffer chamber 222 is larger than that of the small end of the acceleration chamber, the front end of the buffer chamber 222 is communicated with the third passage 230, and the diameter of the buffer chamber 222 is larger than that of the third passage 230. When the spiral airflow flows through the second passage 220, the spiral airflow firstly flows from the large end of the acceleration cavity 221 to the small end, and because the acceleration cavity 221 is conical, the spiral airflow is continuously accelerated in the process of flowing towards the small end of the acceleration cavity 221, the speed is higher and higher, and the acceleration purpose is to effectively block particles such as smoke dust and splashes from entering the acceleration cavity 221. The accelerated spiral airflow finally flows into the buffer cavity 222 from the small end of the acceleration cavity 221, and since the diameter of the buffer cavity 222 is larger than that of the small end of the acceleration cavity 221, after the spiral airflow enters the buffer cavity 222, the flow speed is suddenly reduced, and the flow form is also changed, so that the form of the spiral airflow is eliminated in the buffer cavity 222, and the airflow gradually forms a straight flow form when flowing forwards in the buffer cavity 222. Then, the airflow flows forward to enter the third passage 230, and because the diameter of the third passage 230 is smaller than that of the buffer cavity 222, the airflow is accelerated again when flowing through the third passage 230, the linear flow of the airflow is further stabilized, and the linear airflow finally flows out of the nozzle 23 from the front end of the third passage 230 to act on the surface of the workpiece to be welded.

The gas flow rate of the third channel 24 is 15-20L/min, and below this flow rate range, the gas flow rate in the third channel 24 cannot meet the requirement, particles such as smoke dust and spatter cannot be better blocked, and particles such as smoke dust and spatter generated on the surface of a workpiece during welding cannot be quickly blown off, and above this flow rate range, the cost of the gas source will be increased.

The length of the buffer cavity 222 is 1.2-1.5 times of the diameter of the buffer cavity, so that a better air flow buffering effect can be achieved, the speed of the air flow in the buffer cavity 222 can be reduced within an ideal range required, a better effect of blocking particulate matters such as smoke dust and splashed materials can be obtained, and meanwhile, the spiral air flow form can be completely changed in the buffer cavity 222.

The taper of the accelerating cavity 221 is 3-5 degrees, and the length of the accelerating cavity 221 is 2.5-3 times of the length of the buffer cavity 222, so that a better accelerating effect can be obtained in a limited volume space structure, the airflow reaches a better speed range after being accelerated by the accelerating cavity 221, and the airflow obtains a better blocking effect on particulate matters such as smoke dust, splashes and the like. And the air flow is decelerated through the buffer cavity 222 to obtain a better initial speed range, which is beneficial to the third passage 230 to accelerate the air flow again and blow off the particulate matters such as smoke dust and splashed materials generated on the surface of the workpiece during welding quickly after being sprayed out from the nozzle 23.

In summary, the air flowing from the protection air passage into the third passage 24 of the nozzle assembly 2 first forms a spiral air flow in the first passage 210 by the inclined air inlet 25. The spiral airflow enters the second passage 220, is accelerated by the acceleration cavity 221, enters the buffer cavity 222, the speed of the spiral airflow in the buffer cavity 222 is reduced, the flow form is changed, the spiral airflow gradually moves forwards to form a linear form, the spiral airflow is accelerated again when flowing through the third passage 230 to form airflow flowing in a stable linear form, and finally flows out of the nozzle 23 from the front end of the third passage 230 to act on the surface of a workpiece to be welded.

Because the air current is the biggest from the speed of air current when nozzle 23 blowout because the air current is with higher speed through third passageway 230 back for the air current, the velocity of flow of air current is the fastest, makes the air current blow off particulate matters such as smoke and dust, splash that produce when welding fast, therefore most particulate matters such as smoke and dust, splash are blockked outside the nozzle, can't enter into in the third passageway 230, thereby form first protection.

The remaining particulate matters such as smoke dust, splashes and the like enter the second passage 220, the speed of the particulate matters such as smoke dust, splashes and the like is synchronously reduced along with the airflow under the action of the buffer cavity 222, and the airflow speed at the small end of the accelerating cavity 221 at the rear end of the buffer cavity 222 is suddenly increased, so that the remaining particulate matters such as smoke dust, splashes and the like are blocked in the buffer cavity 222 to form a second protection.

Moreover, the spiral airflow in the first passage 210 and the accelerating cavity 221 can also effectively intrude particulate matters such as smoke dust and splashes into the rear end of the first passage to form a third protection, and under the combined action of the three protections, the optical lenses of the optical lens assembly are protected layer by layer, so that the phenomenon that the optical lenses are polluted is effectively avoided, and the service life of the optical lenses is prolonged.

Although the spiral air flow can block the invasion of particles such as smoke and dust, splashes and the like in the third channel 24, if the air flow is sprayed out of the nozzle in a spiral form and acts on the surface of the workpiece to be welded, due to the shape characteristics of the spiral air flow, the air flow acting on the surface of the workpiece to be welded can not completely or uniformly cover the processing area of the laser spot, so that the air can not be blocked from contacting the welding surface of the workpiece to be welded to a great extent, and the welding surface material can be oxidized. Therefore, the shape of the spiral airflow must be changed to form a uniform linear airflow shape, and then the airflow is sprayed out from the nozzle to ensure that the airflow acts on the surface of the workpiece to be welded and can completely cover the processing area of the laser spot.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide the buffer chamber 222 at the front section of the second passage 220, because the spiral airflow entering the buffer chamber 222 changes the flow pattern of the airflow from the spiral pattern to a straight flow by the action of the buffer chamber 222. Then, the air flow is accelerated again when flowing through the third passage 230 to form a stable straight-line flowing air flow, so that the air flow is ejected from the nozzle 23 in a straight-line shape and acts on the surface of the workpiece to be welded, the straight-line air flow can completely and uniformly cover the processing area of the laser spot, oxygen in the air is effectively prevented from contacting the welding surface of the workpiece to be welded, and the phenomena of material surface oxidation and blackening caused by welding can be effectively avoided.

Alternatively, the air inlet 25 on the gun barrel seat 21 is straight-through, that is, the air inlet 25 is straight along the radial direction of the gun barrel seat 21, and at this time, when the shielding gas input from the third conveying section 622 flows into the third channel 24 through the air inlet 25, the shielding gas does not generate a spiral airflow in the third channel 24, but flows forward in a straight airflow, so that the airflow is ejected from the nozzle 23 in a straight manner and acts on the surface of the workpiece to be welded. The linear airflow can completely and uniformly cover the processing area of the laser spot, effectively prevent oxygen in the air from contacting the welding surface of the workpiece to be welded, and effectively avoid the phenomena of material surface oxidation and blackening caused by welding and the like.

As shown in fig. 12 and 14, the nozzle 23, the barrel 22, and the barrel holder 21 of the nozzle assembly 2 are preferably connected in a separated manner, so that the nozzle 23, the barrel 22, and the barrel holder 21 can be replaced and maintained independently, but they may be integrally provided. The gun tube base 21 includes a base 211 and a connecting tube 212, the first passage 210 axially penetrates through the base 211 and the connecting tube 212, and the air inlet 25 is disposed on the base 211 and is communicated with the first passage 210. When there are a plurality of air inlets 25, the plurality of air inlets 25 are disposed around the periphery of the first passage 210, and the seat body 211 is further provided with a flange 26 for connecting with the base 1. The barrel 22 and the nozzle 23 are both tubular structures, and the tubular structures of the barrel 22 and the nozzle 23 respectively form a second passage 220 and a third passage 230. The barrel 22 and the connecting pipe 212 are connected by pipe threads, the nozzle 23 and the barrel 22 are also connected by pipe threads, and if necessary, a sealing ring is arranged at the threaded joint to improve the tightness of the connection between the two.

In addition, in some occasions, when the width of the welding seam of the welded workpiece is large, welding wires are required to be added as materials for filling the welding seam to complete welding, and at the moment, a wire feeding assembly is required to be additionally arranged on the laser welding gun to achieve the purpose of automatically feeding the welding wires, so that the wire feeding accuracy and the welding efficiency are improved.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 15, the wire feeding assembly 10 includes a wire nozzle 101, a butt pipe 102, and a wire feeding pipe 103, which are connected in sequence. The butt joint pipe 102 is detachably connected with the nozzle assembly 2 through a fixing and adjusting device 104, and the wire feeding pipe 103 is detachably connected with the rear end of the protective shell through a connecting piece 105, so that two fixed connecting positions are formed, and the wire feeding assembly 10 and the laser welding gun are reliably connected into a whole.

Wherein, the wire outlet of the wire nozzle 101 is aligned with the outlet of the nozzle 23 of the nozzle component 2, so as to realize that the welding wire sent out from the wire nozzle 101 is overlapped with the center of the laser output by the nozzle 23, thereby ensuring that the welding wire is completely positioned in the laser heating area, leading the heating high temperature to fully melt the welding wire, realizing filler welding and improving the welding quality.

The fixing and adjusting device 104 includes a fixing base 1041 and an angle adjusting member 1042, the fixing base 1041 is sleeved on the nozzle assembly 2, and the angle adjusting member 1042 is connected to the butt joint pipe 102 of the wire feeding assembly 10. Specifically, the angle adjusting member 1042 includes an adjusting seat and a locking shaft, one end of the adjusting seat is rotatably connected to the fixing seat 1041 through the locking shaft, the other end of the adjusting seat is fixedly connected to the butt joint pipe 102 in a sleeved manner, the adjusting seat is rotated around the locking shaft by being pulled, and the pitch angle of the filament nozzle can be adjusted, so that when the filament feeding assembly is matched with different filament spraying pipe assemblies 2, the filament outlet of the filament nozzle 101 can be aligned to the outlet of the nozzle 23 of the filament spraying pipe assembly 2.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; within the idea of the invention, also technical features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a gas conveying gas circuit system for laser processing equipment, its characterized in that includes cooling gas circuit and protection gas circuit, wherein, the cooling gas circuit encircles laser processing equipment's laser output head subassembly periphery sets up, and near encircleing of laser processing equipment's optical lens subassembly the logical light passageway setting of laser processing equipment, the front end of protection gas circuit with the inside intercommunication of laser processing equipment's nozzle assembly.

2. The gas delivery gas circuit system for a laser machining apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cooling gas circuit includes a surrounding passage disposed around the laser output head assembly.

3. The gas delivery gas circuit system for a laser machining apparatus of claim 2, wherein the cooling gas circuit includes a first surrounding structure disposed on the laser output head assembly, the first surrounding structure sealingly engaging an inner wall of the laser output head assembly housing to form the surrounding passage.

4. The gas conveying gas circuit system for the laser processing equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling gas circuit comprises a surrounding type air duct disposed around the light passing channel at a front or a rear of the focusing lens module of the optical lens assembly, or at a position of the front or the rear.

5. The gas delivery gas circuit system for laser processing equipment of claim 4, wherein the cooling gas circuit comprises a second surrounding structure disposed in front of or behind the focusing lens module of the optical lens assembly, or both the front and the rear, and the second surrounding structure is in sealing fit with an inner wall of a base of the laser processing equipment to form the surrounding type air duct.

6. The gas delivery circuit system for a laser machining apparatus of claim 4 or 5, wherein the cooling circuit further comprises a cooling channel disposed around the periphery of each optical lens of the optical lens assembly, the cooling channel being in communication with the wrap-around air channel.

7. The gas conveying gas path system for the laser processing equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling gas path is provided with a gas wall generator, the gas wall generator comprises a plurality of gas outlet channels arranged at intervals on the periphery of the light passing channel, the plurality of gas outlet channels are all arranged to be inclined from the periphery to the axis of the light passing channel and communicated with the light passing channel, and the inclination angles of the gas outlet channels of the gas wall generator are the same.

8. The gas transmission path system of claim 1, wherein the shielding gas path comprises at least one gas inlet channel, the gas inlet channel is communicated with the interior of the nozzle assembly, and when shielding gas flows through the gas inlet channel and enters the nozzle assembly, a component velocity is obtained in a tangential direction of a channel in the nozzle assembly under the action of the gas inlet channel, so that the shielding gas generates a spiral gas flow in the nozzle assembly.